Fiber is generic term for a slender thread like
substance However in textile technology we call
it ‘Staple” or ‘Filament”
Staple: Staple is A FIBER OF COTTON Wool
or ramie etc. of no more than few inches long.
Filament: is usually a manmade fiber of
indefinite length.

We usually made two kind of yarn
1.Spun Yarn.
2.Filament Yarn.
Spun yarn is a kind of yarn you make by
gathering together a bundle of staple by means
of an action called spinning with a tool called
spindle which spins at a very high speed to twist
the staples together to form a piece of yarn.
 The quality of cotton is determined by
the length of staple
 Long staple is high quality
 Short staple is low quality
By quality cotton is divided into 4 major
groups:
1.Sea island cotton (Best in the world )
 Staple reach 2 1/4
2.Pima Cotton
 Second longest
 Staple reach- 1 ¾
 Peruvian cotton
 Egyptian cotton
3.U.S Cotton
 Staple length- 1 ½
4.Asian Cotton


1 1/8
Japan, china, Pakistan, India
Synthetic Fiber is made by machine so
we can adjust the thickness usually
between 0.01 mm and 0.04 mm based
on our needs
 Fully Combed Cotton-Long
staple
 Semi Combed Cotton-Medium
Staple
 Carded Cotton- Short Staple
Fabric Made of combed yarn would have
smooth surface
Fabric made of carded yarn have ‘nubs’
or ‘Dead Cotton’. & which are usually less
color absorbent.as it is not coarser.
We usually use combed yarn to make
light weight fabric like shirting etc.
Carded yarn for heavy fabric