 Meteorologists are scientists who study weather and predict the weather.
Predicting weather is FORECASTING.
 To forecast weather, meteorologists consider
o Surface Measurement
o Atmospheric measurements
o Satellite images
 Weather variables:
o Temperature
o Wind speed
o Direction
o Air pressure
o Cloud cover
o precipitation
 They study
o Air temperature
o Moisture content (Humidity)
o Air pressure
 Balloons carry “RADIOSONDES” instruments that measure temperature,
pressure, and humidity of the air.
 Satellite images – earth’s surface images taken by satellite predicts the weather
 Weather Map is a picture of high and low pressure, temperatures, and places
where masses of warm and cold air meet.
 Front when the cold air from Canada and warm air from Caribbean Sea meet, the
area of contact is Front.
 Cold front: when a cold air mass overtakes a mass of warm and moist air. The
cold air pushes the warm air upwards rapidly. The warm air condenses as it goes
up in the atmosphere and causes thunderstorm. If the air masses are large, it forms
tornadoes.
 Warm front: when a warm air mass takes over the cold air. The warm air slides
over the cold air. The warm air rises and slowly cools down and water vapor turns
liquid which gives the rains.
 Stationary front: when warm and cold fronts meet to form stationary front. The
weather is same as the cold front.
 High Pressure: high pressure center is cool and dry.
 Low pressure: low pressure center is warm and moist.
 when high pressure meets low pressure, the wind moves from high pressure to
low pressure area. The weather around low pressure area is windy and possibly
rainy.
1. What weather variables do meteorologists measure when they are preparing to
make a weather forecast?
o Temperature
o Wind speed
o Direction
o Air pressure
o Cloud cover
o precipitation
2. Describe three kinds of fronts and the weather they produce
o Cold Front: when the cold air mass takes over the warm air when they
meet at one place. The cold air pushes warm air up in the atmosphere
rapidly which causes thunderstorms. If the air masses are huge, it causes
tornadoes.
o Warm front: when the warm air mass takes over the cold air when they
meet at one place. Warm air slowly slides over the cold air which causes
the water vapor in warm air condenses and rain falls
o Stationary front: when both cold front and warm front meets. The weather
will be same as the cold front.
3. What causes wind?
o When the high pressure meets low pressure, the wind moves from high
pressure to low pressure area which causes wind.
4. where do you think it is raining?
o Near the places where is low pressure.
5. where do you think the wind is blowing?
o From high pressure area to low pressure area.
6. where is it likely to be cold and dry?
o Near high pressure areas.