FOUNDATION OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
9
SOLUTION
Contents
1.
Convergence of Technologies
1
2.
Computer System
8
3.
Types of Software
16
4.
Communication Technology
24
5.
Operating System
31
6.
Using Windows 7
37
7.
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I
44
8.
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer-II
49
9.
Advanced Features of OpenOffice Writer
55
10. OpenOffice Impress
62
11. Introduction to OpenOffice Calc
71
12. Advance Features of OpenOffice Calc
77
13. Societal Impacts of IT
84
1
Convergence of Technologies
A. MCQs.
1. A type of computers that combine the features of both Analog and Digital Computers:
a. Hybrid Computers
b. General Purpose Computers
c. Special Purpose Computers
d. None of these
Ans. a. Hybrid Computers
2.
A _________________ computer is a large, powerful computer that handles the processing for
many users simultaneously (up to several hundred users).
a. Mainframe
b. Mini
c. Desktop
d. Tablet
Ans. a. Mainframe
3. A ____________________ is a highly powerful microcomputer that acts as a server in a network.
a. PDA
b. Minicomputer
c. Workstation
d. Smartphones
Ans. c. Workstation
4. Which of the following is not a Social Networking site?
a. Gmail
b. Facebook
c. Orkut
d. Twitter
Ans. a. Gmail
5. _ _________________ are online forums that allows open discussions in varied topics and allows
exchange of information regarding a particular topic.
a. Newsgroup
b. Mailing List
c. SMS
d. RSS
Ans. a. Newsgroup
6. _ _________________ is an application software that allows transmission of audio and video in
real time.
a. Microsoft Word
b. Skype
c. Gtalk
d. None of these
Ans. b. Skype
7 ____________________ is used as an online journal or diary.
a. Youtube
b. Skype
c. Podcast
d. Blog
Ans. d. Blog
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Computer is an electronic device for performing calculations or controlling operations.
2. T echnological Convergence refers to linking of computing and other information technologies,
media content and Communication Network.
3. Versatility is a characteristic feature of a computer that makes computer do different type of task.
4. Special purpose computers are designed to perform only one specific task.
5. A
nalog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained are
translated into data.
6. S mart phones are high-end mobile phones that typically run operating systems similar to the
tablet computers.
7. A
minicomputer is a multi-user computer that is less powerful than a mainframe but is more
powerful than a microcomputer.
8. A
Internet is a technology that is used to transfer information and ensures that what is sent is also
received.
C. True (T) or False (F).
Twitter is a microblogging site. – T
Content Technology is responsible for delivering information to the user. – T
WordPress is an example of Blogging site. – F
Youtube is responsible only for streaming audio online. – F
Skype is an application software that allows transmission of audio and video in real time. – T
Real Time Communication allows accessing of information by an individual in real time with other
individual. – T
7. A minicomputer is basically a mainframe computer that has been optimized for incredible speed
and maximum processing power. – F
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
D. Name the software or website to do the following.
1. An application that allows phone call over traditional telephone network free of cost. – Skype
2. A very popular video hosting site. – youtube.com
3. It is used for blogging. – www.blogger.com
4. Social networking over the internet. – www.facebook.com
5. It is a communication technology that allows multiple users to communicate online with realtime audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments. – Interspace
2
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
E. SAQs I
1. What do you mean by “Convergence of Technologies”?
Ans. Convergence of Technologies refers to interlinking of computing and other information
technologies, media content and communication networks that has arisen as the consequence
of the advancement and popularization of the Internet as well as the activities, products and
services that have emerged in the digital space.
2. State two characteristics of Computer that makes them special.
Ans. Characteristics of a Computer:
Speed: Computers can work at incredible speed.
Accuracy: Computers are extremely accurate.
Huge Memory: Computers can store and retrieve huge amount of data.
Diligence: Unlike humans a computer has the ability to work for a long time without getting
tired.
• Versatile: A computer can perform different types of operations.
• No Feelings: Unlike humans computer do not have any feelings.
3. What are microcomputers?
•
•
•
•
Ans. A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central
processing unit (CPU). It includes a microprocessor, memory and input/output (I/O) facilities
and is also called personal computer or PC.
4. What is social networking?
Ans. Social Networking refers to the use of dedicated websites and applications to interact with
other users, or to find people with similar interests to one’s own.
5. What is “RSS feeds” used for?
Ans. T he RSS is responsible for picking out headlines from different websites and delivers those
headlines to your computer for quick scan.
6. What is Content Technology?
Ans. The Content Technology is responsible for processing data into information. The success of this
technology depends mostly upon how and what the intermediate process will be that converts
data to information.
7. How is an email different from SMS?
Ans. Short Messaging Service (SMS) is a text communication service in the world of mobile
communications system. Electronic mail (e-mail) is a way of exchanging digital messages or text
communication in the world of internet and computer networks.
Convergence of Technologies
3
F. SAQs II
1. What is a General Purpose Computer? How is it different from the Special Purpose Computer?
Ans. General Purpose Computers are computers are designed to perform different type of works,
general in nature. For example, you can use a computer for playing games, do project work,
perform some mathematical calculations, type a letter or draw a picture. Special Purpose
Computers on the other hand are designed to perform only one specific task. For example, the
ATM of a bank does only one job of dispensing money.
2. State the difference between Analog and Digital Computers.
Ans. Analog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained
are translated into data. Digital Computers on the other hand operate with numeric data. The
data is discrete in nature and can be represented in digital form.
3. State two differences between a Desktop computer and a Laptop computer.
Ans. A
laptop and desktop computer differ in both size and functionality. A laptop is much smaller
and therefore often more convenient to use. A desktop computer is much larger, and tends to
last much longer than a laptop before it needs to be repaired or replaced. A laptop is often a
self-contained unit, and no additional parts are needed to run it. Users often have to purchase
monitors and other accessories to operate a desktop computer.
4. What is a workstation?
Ans. A
workstation is a highly powerful microcomputer. They contain one or more microprocessor
CPUs and are used for applications involving more power than a typical PC (rendering complex
graphics or performing intensive scientific calculations).
5. Write short notes on:
a. Minicomputer
b. Mainframe Computer
c. Super Computer
Ans. a. Minicomputer: A minicomputer is a multi-user computer that is less powerful than a
mainframe but is more powerful than a microcomputer. It uses large scale integrated circuits
(LSIC) to build a computer much cheaper than the then existing mainframes. It is generally
used as small or midrange servers.
b. Mainframe computers are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical
applications, bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise
resource planning, and transaction processing.
c. Supercomputers are powerful mainframe computers that performs at or near the currently
highest operational rate for computers. Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for
scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great
amount of computation (or both).
6. How has Newsgroups helped in communication?
Ans. N
ewsgroups are online forums that allows open discussions in varied topics and allows exchange
of information regarding a particular topic. Newsgroups are similar in some ways to mailing
4
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
lists, but they tend to have a better structure. More often than not, you will be able to find a
FAQ (frequently asked questions) section on a newsgroup, which is always helpful for those
who are not sure of anything.
7. W
hat do you understand by Real Time Communication? Name any application that supports
Real Time Communication.
Ans. R
eal Time Communication allows accessing of information by an individual in real time with
other individual.
Applications that support Real Time Communication are Hangout, WhatsApp, GTalk, Skype etc.
8. What is a blog? State two characteristics of a blog.
Ans. B
log is an online journal or diary. It is basically a regularly updated website or web page, typically
one run by an individual or small group, that is written in an informal or conversational style.
Characteristics:
1. A blog is generally updated frequently and regularly, but it all depends upon you how fast
you change the content.
2. A blog like some websites have an area for people to comment or respond to the blog post.
G. LAQs
1. Categorise computer according to data handling capability and describe each one of them.
Ans. According to data handling capability computers are classified as:
nalog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained
A
are translated into data.
igital Computers on the other hand operate with numeric data. The data is discrete in nature
D
and can be represented in digital form. Digital computer works on a special number system
called binary number system.
Hybrid Computers combine the features of both digital and analog computers. For computational
purposes, it uses analog components and for storage digital memories are used. Generally,
the analog components of the computer handle complex mathematical computations and the
digital components take care of logical and numerical operations in addition to serving as the
controller for the system.
2. Explain the characteristics of a Computer System.
Ans. The characteristics of a computer are
• Speed: In general, no human being can compete to solving the complex computation, faster
than computer.
• Accuracy: Since Computer is programmed, so what ever input we give it gives result
with accuratly.
• Storage: Computer can store mass storage of data with appropriate formate.
• Diligence: Computer can work for hours without any break and creating error.
• Versatility: We can use computer to perform completely different type of work at the
same time.
Convergence of Technologies
5
• Power of Remembering: It can remember data for us.
• No IQ: Computer does not work without instruction.
• No Feeling: Computer does not have emotions, knowledge, experience, feeling.
3. What do you understand by the term “Convergence of Technology”?
Ans. Technological Convergence or Convergence Technology refers to interlinking of computing and
other information technologies, media content, and communication networks that has arisen
as the consequence of the advancement and popularization of the Internet as well as the
activities, products and services that have emerged in the digital space.
lthough Convergence Technology is wide spread and refers primarily on three technologies
A
namely:
• Computer Technology
• Communication Technology
• Content Technology
4. C
ategorise computer according to data handling capability and write short description of each
one of them.
Ans. Analog Computer: The computer which provide us continuous information are called Analog
computers. The input data is not a number instead a physical quantity like: pressure, speed,
voltage, temperature, etc.
Digital Computer: The computers which present physical quantities with the help of symbols or
numbers and provide us discrete information are called digital computers. Digital computer the
input data is represented by a number, a computer that processes information in digital form.
ybrid computers are computers that exhibit features of both analog computers and digital
H
computers. Hybrid computer has the speed of analog and the accuracy of digital computer.
5. How is Internet different from Interspace?
Ans. Internet is a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication
facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.
Interspace on the other hand is a client/server software program that allows multiple users to
communicate online with real-time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments.
Interspace provides the most advanced form of communication available on the Internet today.
Application Oriented Questions
Go through the following questions carefully and answer the following questions:
1. M
r Vishnu is a businessman having a grocery shop and doing a brisk business. He is planning to
start a departmental store. The problem is, he had been using handwritten Registers and Calculators
to maintain his account details, which he feels is error prone and consumes enormous amount of
time. Suggest some device/devices to Mr Vishnu so that he can maintain his new venture in an
efficient manner.
Ans. T o maintain his accounts he can use a Computer (PC) or a Laptop. He can use software like
Microsoft Excel, OpenOffice Calc or Tally for accounting and maintaining the inventory.
6
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
2. R
ukshir Travels is a Bus Transport Agent that is planning to install a Kiosk at its office for its
customers to see the different bus timings only. Suggest whether a General Purpose Computer
or a Special Purpose Computer should be used with reasons.
Ans. A
Special Purpose computer should be installed for Rukshir Travels as it will be responding only
to the queries of the user related to Bus Timings and nothing else.
3. A Report Card Processing System consist of the following:
a. Collection of marks on data sheets.
b. Entering the marks in the computer.
c. Performing calculations for the data entered to calculate total, percentage and rank.
d. Get print-out of the report-card for each student.
Categorise the 4 points into:
• Processing
• Data Collection
• Input
• Output
Ans. a. Data Collection
b. Input
c. Processing
d. Output
4. S uzane seems to have made mistake with the following match the column, identify the mistake
and correct it.
a. Workstation
i. is a powerful mainframe computer
b. Super computer
ii. is used in a computer network
c. Mini computer
iii. Texting through Mobile
d. SMS
iv. Microblogging site
e. Twitter
v. between micro and super computer
Ans.
a. Workstation
b. Super computer
c. Mini computer
d. SMS
e. Twitter
ii. is used in a computer network
i. is a powerful mainframe computer
v. between micro and super computer
iii. Texting through Mobile
iv. Microblogging site
Convergence of Technologies
7
2
Computer System
A. MCQs.
1. Which among the following is not the characteristic of the computer?
a. Diligence
b. Unlimited Memory
c. Versatile
d. Accuracy
Ans. b. Unlimited Memory
2. The ALU stands for:
a. Additional Logical Unit
c. Arithmetic Lexicographically Unit
Ans. d. Arithmetic Logic Unit
b. Asset Logical Unit
d. Arithmetic Logic Unit
3. W
hich unit of the computer system is responsible for holding the input data, intermediate results,
output results and program and makes them available for processing as and when required?
a. Input Unit
b. Internal Storage Unit
c. Arithmetic Logic Unit
d. Control Unit
Ans. b. Internal Storage Unit
4. T he ________________ unit of the computer provides the capability of decision making to the
computer.
a. Input
b. Output
c. Internal Storage
d. ALU
Ans. d. ALU
5. N
ame the group of wires that is used for communication between various components of the
computer.
a. Bus
b. Cable
c. Connector
d. None of these
Ans. a. Bus
6. N
ame the technology that reads iron oxide ink preprinted or encoded on cheques, deposit slips
or on a document.
a. MICR
b. Bar Code Reader
c. OCR
d. None of these
Ans. a. MICR
7. Name the device that finds maximum usage in video conferencing and chatting in real time.
a. Scanner
b. Digital Camera
c. Web Camera
d. Video Camera
Ans. c. Web Camera
8. N
ame the printer whose print head contains banks of pins moving at high speed against inked
ribbon and paper.
a. Dot-Matrix Printer
b. Chain Printer
c. Daisy Wheel Printer
d. None of these
Ans. a. Dot-Matrix Printer
9. T he _______________ printer is used to print images by selectively heating coated thermo
chromic paper.
a. Dot-Matrix Printer
b. Thermal Printer
c. Ink-Jet Printer
d. Laser Printer
Ans. b. Thermal Printer
10. The contents of main memory, currently in use and likely to be needed in future is stored in which
memory?
a. Registers
b. Hard Disk
c. Flash Memory
d. Cache Memory
Ans. d. Cache Memory
11. Which among the following is not a characteristics of a Magnetic Disk?
a. High Storage Capacity
b. Reliable
c. Gives direct access to data
d. Uses laser light for storing data
Ans. d. Uses laser light for storing data
12. Which among the following memory is used in a common digital camera?
a. Floppy Disk
b. Hard Disk
c. Memory Stick
d. CD-ROM
Ans. c. Memory Stick
13. Which among the following secondary memories is not an Optical memory?
a. Floppy
b. CD
c. DVD
d. Blu-Ray
Ans. a. Floppy
14. Name the type of memory that is used in pen drive.
a. Magnetic Disk Memory
b. Optical Disk Memory
c. Flash Memory
d. None of these
Ans. c. Flash Memory
B. Fill in the blanks.
1.The term Computer System refers to a group of interconnected components which work together
to perform an integrated whole.
2. Data are raw facts which when processed gives us Information.
3.The Output unit is responsible for recording the final results sent from internal storage unit.
Computer System
9
4.The Control unit directs the operation of all components and units of the computer system as per
the instructions given in a program.
5.The ALU unit of the CPU is responsible for all arithmetic as well as logical operations.
6. A
Bar code is a specialised code represented by sets of parallel bars of varying thickness and
separation.
7. T he Scanner is an input device that captures information from a page and store them in graphic
format.
8.The Laser printer uses toner to print images.
9. The Ink-jet printer fires ink drops on paper for printing.
10. All data that needs to be processed should be in the Main memory before processing.
11. Audio devices that are connected to the sound card for sound are called Speakers.
12. A Block is a sector or a group of sectors in a hard-disk that an operating system can address.
13. 1024 giga byte makes a tera byte.
C. Full form of the following:
1. ALU – Arithmetic Logical Unit
2. CPU – Central Processing Unit
3. CU – Control Unit
4. MICR – Magnetic Ink Character Unit
5. OCR – Optical Character Recognition
6. OMR – Optical Mark Recognition
D. True (T) or False (F).
1. Some digital camera can also record moving video with sound. – T
2. T he term “Versatile” used to define a characteristic of a computer that is used to tell that a
computer can do different type of task. – T
3. Processing of Information gives Data. – F
4. T he Input Unit of the Computer is responsible for holding input data and intermediate
results. – F
5. Buses are group of wires present in the ALU. – T
6. The Data Bus is used to designate the source of data for data bus. – F
7. Mouse and Joystick has the same functionality. – T
8. A Scanner is used to display data on the screen. – F
9. Dot Matrix Printer is an example of an Impact Printer. – T
10. Among all the memories, the Registers are the fastest memory. – T
10
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
E SAQs I
1. What is a Computer System?
Ans. A Computer System is a group of interconnected components that work together in an integrated
manner to perform a particular task.
2. What is the function of an ALU?
Ans. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) of the CPU is responsible for all the four arithmetical (addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division) and also logical operations.
3. What is Flash Memory used for?
Ans. F lash memory is a memory storage device for computers and electronics. It is most often used
in devices like digital cameras, USB flash drives, and video games.
4. What is RAM?
Ans. RAM stands for Random Access Memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed
randomly; that is, any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes.
RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as
printers.
5. What is a Plotter used for?
Ans. A graphics printer that draws images with ink pens. It actually draws point-to-point lines directly
from vector graphics files.
F. SAQs II
1. What is a Bar Code Reader? Where do you find its usage?
Ans. A Bar Code Reader is an Optical Scanner that is used to read bar codes for identification of objects.
It is usually found in the billing section of merchandise and shopping malls for identification of
products and its prices.
2. How is a Web Camera different from a Digital Camera?
Ans.
3. State two advantages of using a Dot Matrix Printer.
Ans. Advantages of Dot Matrix Printer:
• It can print on multi-part forms or carbon copies.
• It supports low printing cost per page.
Computer System
11
4. State two disadvantages of using a Thermal Printer.
Ans. Disadvantages of Thermal Printers:
• Too much of heating is a possibility and may damage the printer.
• It is not suitable to print in colour.
5. What is a Laser Printer? How is it different from an Inkjet Printer?
Ans. Laser Printer is a high quality, high speed, high volume technology, which works in non-impact
fashion on plain paper or pre-printed forms. Printing is achieved by deflecting laser beam on to
the photosensitive surface of a drum and the latent image attracts the toner to the image areas.
The toner is then electro statically transferred to the paper and fixed into a permanent image.
Inkjet Printer on the other hand uses jets of ink to print characters on paper. It s fires ink drops on
the paper by using an electrostatic field. The print head has a nozzle, which fires a jet of electrically
charged ink at the paper, thus forming a character. It is best suited for printing photographs.
6. What are the different types of memories that form the Memory Unit of the Computer System?
Ans. The different types of memories that forms the Memory Unit of the Computer System are:
• CPU Registers
• Cache Memory
• Main Memory
• Secondary Memory
7. Define the terms “Block” and “Sector” as used in a Hard Disk.
Ans. A sector is one of the “pie slices” of a diskette or disk is divided into. Dividing the circular
medium into pie slices is a way to organize it so that data can be located by the read/write
heads of the drive.
A block is a sector or a group of sectors that the operating system can address (point to).
8. What is the difference between CD and DVD?
Ans. C
D, short for Compact Disc, is an optical medium that can store digital data. It is designed to replace
the old cassette tapes. Usually, a standard CD can store about 700MB of data. That means you can
store CD quality audio that can last for about 80 minutes or video lasting about 60 minutes. DVD,
short for Digital Versatile Disc, is also an optical medium to store digital data. A standard DVD can
hold 4.7 GB of data. So DVD is widely used to store large files like video and movies.
9. How are the terms Data and Information related?
Ans. Data are simply facts or figures — bits of information, but not information itself. When data are
processed, interpreted, organized, structured or presented so as to make them meaningful or
useful, they are called information. Information provides context for data.
10. What is an Input Device? Name two Input Devices.
Ans. Input devices are components of a computer system through which data is given to the computer
for processing. Example- Keyboard and Mouse.
12
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
G. LAQs
1. Using a block diagram explain how data is processed into information in the Computer System.
Ans. The figure below shows the major components of a computer system. It consists of an Input
Unit, Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Output Unit.
Working of the components: It is through the “Input Unit” a computer receives data and
instruction which get processed in the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the result or
information is shown through “Output Unit”. While doing so the “Internal Storage Unit “ is
responsible for holding the input data, intermediate results, output results and program and
makes them available for processing as and when required. In case the data, information or
instruction needs to be stored permanently for future reference or even after the computer is
turned off, the “Secondary / Auxiliary Memory” is used.
2. Explain the concept of Block, Sectors and Cylinder of a Hard Disk with the help of a diagram.
Ans. Hard Disk consists of 1 or more metal platters which are sealed inside a case. The metal platters
attached to a spindle are magnetic in nature and stores data. Each platter requires two read/
write heads, one for each side. All the read/write heads are attached to a single access arm so
that they cannot move independently. Each platter has the same number of tracks(they are like
concentric rings), and a track location that cuts across all platters is called a cylinder. A sector is
one of the “pie slices” the diskette or disk is divided into. Dividing the circular medium into pie
slices is a way to organize it so that data can be located by the read/write heads of the drive.
The hard disk is usually installed inside the computer’s case, though there are removable and
cartridge types as well. A block is a sector or a group of sectors that the operating system can
address (point to). The bigger the hard disk size more the sectors that a block will hold. It is the
block where actual data is stored.
Computer System
13
3. Describe the memory hierarchies of a computer system.
Ans. The different types of memories that forms the Memory Unit of the Computer System are:
• CPU Registers
• Cache Memory
• Main Memory
• Secondary Memory
4. H
ow is a Impact printer different from a Non-Impact printer? Also give examples of both these
printers.
Ans.
Impact Printers
1. It prints characters or images by striking print
hammer or wheel against an inked ribbon.
2. Its speed is slower.
3. Its printing quality is lower.
4. It normally uses continuous paper sheet.
5. It generates noise during printing.
6. It uses inked ribbon for printing.
7. It is less expensive.
8. Dot matrix is an impact printer.
14
Non-impact Printers
1. It prints characters and images without striking
the papers.
2. Its speed is faster.
3. Its printing quality is higher.
4. Its normally uses individual paper sheet.
5. It does not generate noise during printing.
6. It uses toner or cartridge for painting.
7. It is more expensive.
8. Laser printer is a non-impact printer.
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
5. Explain how printing occurs in a Laser Printer.
Ans. It makes a laser beam scan back and forth across a drum inside the printer, building up a pattern
of static electricity. The static electricity attracts onto the page a kind of powdered ink called
toner. Finally, as in a photocopier, a fuser unit bonds the toner to the paper.
Application Oriented Questions
1. S hamim wants to go for an educational tour with her friends to Bangkok. She is confused with
the Camera; whether to use a Digital camera or a Web Camera. Suggest her which type of
camera among the two is preferable and why?
Ans. A Digital Camera would be more preferable because:
• Good photography is a must for educational tour.
• No online streaming is required.
• Web Camera always requires the overhead of using a computer, which is difficult to carry
on move.
• The portability of a digital camera is unmatched.
2. A
nuska is a video editor and performs video editing in a production house. The files she stores
are usually of huge sizes approximately of 30 GB. The company plans for an upgradation and
require to keep backup. Suggest Anuska an Optical Disk that will help her in keeping backup,
with reasons.
Ans. A
s Video Editing requires huge amount of storage space for rendering movies, the best optical
backup device would be to use Blu-Ray Disc.
3. P
hantom is a computer programmer, who is developing a small software for a retail chain.
Unfortunately, the shop owner is not able to provide him an internet connection; Phantom
carries different modules of this software, installs in the computers connected in various shops
and carries sample data back with him for testing. Which storage device will you suggest to
him to use for this purpose? This device should have high storage capacity and should be rewriteable.
Ans. A
Pen Drive using Flash Memory is more preferable, as it is not only fast for reading and writing,
but also portable for the Phantom Programmer to carry here and there.
Computer System
15
3
Types of Software
A. MCQs.
1. N
ame the type of software that is designed to operate the computer hardware and to provide a
platform for running application software.
a. Application Software
b. Web-Based Software
c. System Software
d. None of these
Ans. c. System Software
2. Which among the following is not an Operating System?
a. Unix
b. Android
c. Microsoft Word
d. Microsoft Windows
Ans. c. Microsoft Word
3. Which among the following is used for controlling the peripheral devices?
a. Assembler
b. Operating System
c. Library Programs
d. Web Based programs
Ans. c. Library Programs
4. Which among the following is not an Antivirus software?
a. WinZip
b. McAfee
c. Quick Heal
d. Kaspersky
Ans. a. WinZip
5. A
Utility software that speeds up the system by arranging files stored on the hard disk at discrete
location to occupy contiguous storage locations:
a. Antivirus
b. Compression Utility
c. Text Editor
d. De-Fragmentation Utility.
Ans. d. De-Fragmentation Utility
6. W
hich among the following is a type of translator that converts a program line-by-line to machine
language while executing it?
a. Assemblers
b. Compilers
c. Interpreters
d. None of these
Ans. c. Interpreters
7. Which of the following is not an example of a Word Processor?
a. Microsoft Word
b. Adobe Pagemaker
c. OpenOffice Writer
d. OpenOffice Calc
Ans. d. OpenOffice Calc
8. Name the software that helps in organizing and analysis of information in tabular form.
a. Word Processor
b. Presentation Tools
c. Spreadsheet Tools
d. Database Management System
Ans. c. Spreadsheet Tools
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. S oftware is a program or a group of instructions given to the computer to perform a particular
task.
2. A
ntivirus is a software that is used to remove viruses and other malware programs from an
infected computer.
3.The Quarantine option in an Antivirus Software is used to disable a virus, which is too difficult to
remove.
4.The Utility programs are used to enhance the functionality of a computer system.
5.The Compression Utility software is used to reduce the storage size of any program/file while not
in use.
6. It is always advisable to take Backup in case there is any damage or accidental damage to the
computer system to protect its content.
7. L ibrary Programs Programs are a way of sharing common programs that do not need to be rewritten for each piece of software.
8.
Compiler and Interpreters are translators that converts programs written in High-Level Language
to Machine Language.
9. W
ord Processor is a software that is used for typing editing, save text, letters, memos, articles,
reports and even books.
10.Presentation Tool is a software that facilitates the creation of presentations on any particular
topic.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. C
omputerised Reservation System is a software that allows you to conduct transactions related
to railway or air travel. – T
2. An Attendance Module is a part of Human Resource Management System. – T
3. Finger Print Reader is a biometric device mostly used in an Attendance System. – T
4. A Payroll system is usually used for keeping track of attendance in an organisation. – F
5. Inventory Control System is used to manage a company’s purchasing, shipping receiving, tracking,
warehousing and storage, turnover and reordering. – T
6. An assembler converts an assembly language program to machine language. – T
7. A word processor can be used as a presentation tool. – F
8. Compiler translates a program line-by-line and executes it. – F
Types of Software
17
9. P
roximity Reader is a device that senses an employee within its proximity and marks the person
present or absent as attendance. – T
10. Customised software are also called Bespoke software. – T
D. SAQs I
1. What is a Software?
Ans. Software refers to a program or group of instructions that are given to the computer, which is
stored in the main memory to perform a specific job.
2. What is a Database Management System?
Ans. A
Database Management System (DBMS) is a software package that enables you to store,
modify and extract information from a database.
3. State any one use of an Accounting Management software.
Ans. Accounting Management Software is used to generate Balance Sheet for a company or an
individual.
4. What is Human Resource Management?
Ans. A
Human Resources Management System (HRMS) is just the software application that caters to
the management of the human resources of an organization. It combines many human resources
functions including benefits administration, payroll, recruiting and training, and performance
analysis and review into one package.
5. What is the function of a Proximity Reader in an Attendance System?
Ans. T hese devices are very advanced compared to the above mentioned Attendance system devices.
It just senses an employee within its proximity and marks the person present or absent.
E. SAQs II
1. What is System Software? Name the different types of System Software.
Ans. System software is collection of programs that is used to service or help other programs during
execution.
The different types of System Software are:
• Operating System
• Utility Programs
• Library Programs
• Programming Language Translators
2. State two functionalities of an Operating System.
Ans.
1. It acts as an interface between the computer and the user.
2. It controls all hardware and software resources of the computer system.
18
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
3. W
hat is an AntiVirus Software? Also explain the term Quarantine with respect to Anti-Virus
Software.
Ans. V
irus Scanner or Antivirus is a utility software that is used to remove viruses and other malware
programs from the computer.
Quarantine: Certain virus may be too difficult to be removed completely, this virus are disabled
and kept in a safe place so that it cannot infect other files.
4. What is the use of Compression Utility Software?
Ans. C
ompression utility software is used to compress a file to a smaller size, which may then be
used for storage or transfer from one computer to another.
5. State at least two advantages of using a Backup Utility Software.
Ans.
1. Taking regular backups makes data reliable.
2. Taking regular backups can make recovery easier during catastrophic disaster.
6. How does the process of defragmentation speed up the computer system?
Ans. D
isk de-fragmentation utility software speeds up the system by rearranging files stored on the
hard disk to occupy contiguous storage locations using a technique called defragmentation.
This leads to minimizing the head travel, which reduces the time it takes to read files from and
write files to the disk.
7. What are Library Programs?
Ans. L ibrary Programs are a way of sharing common programs so that they do not need to be rewritten for each piece of software. For example, the use of mouse is almost same in different
application software.
8. What is the significance of using Programming Language Translator?
Ans. A
Programming Language Translator is responsible for converting programs written in a computer
language to machine language.
There are three types of translator namely Assemblers, Compilers and Interpreters.
9. State one difference between
a. Compiler and Interpreter
b. Standard Software and Customised Software
Ans. a. Interpreter converts each line of a program to machine language whereas Compiler converts
an entire program to machine language as a whole.
b. Standard or Generic Software is a general purpose software that is mass produced with
the intention that it will be used by a wide variety of different users in a range of different
situations. Customised software on the other hand as the name suggest, is more specific
towards a particular organization or an individual. Such software’s meets the requirements
of that organization or individual to whomever it may be concerned. It is created for a specific
purpose which will be used in a known environment.
Types of Software
19
10. What is a Presentation Tool? Give two examples of a Presentation Software.
Ans. Presentation Tool is a software that facilitates the creation of presentations on any particular
topic. A presentation is a combination of slides, handouts, notes and outlines all kept in a single
file. It is possible to add text, graphics, photos, clip art, sound and video to your slides.
Examples OpenOffice Impress and Microsoft PowerPoint.
11. Which software is used to analyse statistical data? Give two examples of such software.
Ans. Spreadsheet is used to analyse statistical data. Examples OpenOffice Calc and Microsoft Excel.
12. State two features of Accounting Management Software.
Ans. Two features of Accounting Management Software are:
• Financial Accounting (Multi-Currency)
• Inventory Management (Multi-location)
13. What is a Reservation System?
Ans. Reservation System or Computerised Reservation System is a software that is used to store and
retrieve information and conduct transactions related to railway travel, air travel, hotels, car
rental, or activities. Reservation System was originally designed and operated by airlines, but
currently is extended extensively by Indian railways and also by travel agencies.
14. What is the function of a Payroll module in a Human Resource management Software?
Ans. T he Payroll module is responsible for automating the pay process by gathering data on employee
time and attendance, calculating increments, calculating various deductions and taxes, and
generating periodic pay cheques and employee tax reports.
15. Name two devices that are used as an automated Attendance System.
Ans. Two devices that are used as an automated Attendance System:
• Finger Print Reader
• Proximity Reader
16. What is the function of a Inventory Control System?
Ans. A
n inventory control system is an application that encompasses all aspects of managing a
company’s inventories i.e. purchasing, shipping, receiving, tracking, warehousing and storage,
turnover and reordering.
F. LAQs
1. What is the significance of using a Billing System?
Ans. It provides many facilities to the people working through it. In the billing process one simply
have to add the information into the data base and all the calculations are done by the billing
services provider itself. It handles all the data merging, copying from the sources and application
of different formulas on it to get the required results for the company. It helps to maintain the
system of the costumers, their records and helps to ensure the working of the entire system of
the company.
20
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
2. Describe the use of Accounting Management Software.
Ans. A
ccounting software is a class of computer programs that enable you to manage your business’s
financial transactions. Such programs can vary widely in scope, with some programs designed
for little more than simple bookkeeping and some designed to manage the entire financial
comings and goings of large businesses. Using accounting software helps companies to use
the resources in their accounting departments efficiently, and can reduce costly bookkeeping
mistakes.
3. What are Presentation Tools used for?
Ans. P
resentation Tool is a software that facilitates the creation of presentations on any particular
topic. A presentation is a combination of slides, handouts, notes and outlines all kept in a single
file. It is possible to add text, graphics, photos, clip art, sound and video to your slides.
4. Explain the working of a:
i. Interpreter
ii. Compiler
Ans.
Interpreter
Translates program one statement at a time.
It takes less amount of time to analyze the source
code but the overall execution time is slower.
No intermediate object code is generated, hence
are memory efficient.
Continues translating the program until the
first error is met, in which case it stops. Hence
debugging is easy.
Programming language like Python, Ruby use
interpreters.
Compiler
Scans the entire program and translates it as a
whole into machine code.
It takes large amount of time to analyze the
source code but the overall execution time is
comparatively faster.
Generates intermediate object code which
further requires linking, hence requires more
memory.
It generates the error message only after
scanning the whole program. Hence debugging
is comparatively hard.
Programming language like C, C++ use compilers.
5. What is the function of Encrytion/Decryption Tool?
Ans. Encryption is the conversion of electronic data into another form, called ciphertext, which cannot
be easily understood by anyone except authorized parties. The primary purpose of encryption
is to protect the confidentiality of digital data stored on computer systems or transmitted via
the Internet or other computer networks.
ecryption is the process of transforming data that has been rendered unreadable through
D
encryption back to its unencrypted form. In decryption, the system extracts and converts the
garbled data and transforms it to texts and images that are easily understandable not only by the
reader but also by the system.
Types of Software
21
Application Oriented Questions
1. B
elow are mentioned some of the most common general purpose software, give a short
description of them also give two examples of such a software:
General Purpose Software
Word Processor
Spreadsheet
Presentation Tool
DBMS
Accounting System
Description
Examples
Ans.
General Purpose Software
Description
Word Processor
Word processing is a term used in
computer education for typing, editing,
saving it for future reference and printing
any kind of text-letters, memos, articles,
reports and even books.
Spreadsheet
A spreadsheet is a computer application
that helps in organizing and analysis
of information in tabular form. It is
primarily used to work with statistical
data and can also help in organizing
information, to calculate and analyze
using mathematical formulas.
Presentation Tool
Presentation Tool is a software that
facilitates the creation of presentations
on any particular topic. A presentation is
a combination of slides, handouts, notes
and outlines all kept in a single file.
DBMS
A Database Management System (DBMS)
is a software package that enables you
to store, modify and extract information
from a database.
Accounting System
Accounting System is a practical
application of management techniques
to analyse, control and report on the
financial health of the organization.
Thus requiring analysis, planning,
implementation and control of
programs designed to provide financial
data reporting for managerial decision
making.
22
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
Examples
• Microsoft Word
• OpenOffice Writer
• Microsoft Powerpoint
• OpenOffice Impress
• Microsoft Powerpoint
• OpenOffice Impress
• MySQL
• Oracle
• Busy
• Tally
2. K
apil finance limited a microfinance firm is planning to computerise its office to give better
service to its customers. Here are some the task the firm needs to do:
a. Write profile of the firm.
b. Stores the name and addresses of the customers.
c. Send letters to customers.
d. Keeps the account of the money being approved for a customer.
e. Give salaries to its employees.
f. Present different products to the employees.
S uggest suitable general purpose software that may be used to perform each of the above
task.
Ans.
a.
Word Processor-OpenOffice Writer
b.
Data Base Management System- MySQL
c.
Word Processor-OpenOffice Writer
d.
Spreadsheet Tool-OpenOffice Calc
e.
Spreadsheet Tool-OpenOffice Calc
f.
Presentation Tool-OpenOffice Impress
3. S t. Antony’s School Vishakapatnam is planning to provide computerised Progress Report to its
students. As the school is affiliated to CBSE, proper norms of FA and SA needs to be kept. Apart
from the aforesaid norms it also accesses a student on other co-curricular and extra-curricular
activities. The problem is, the school is finding it difficult to get an adequate software according
to its requirement. Suggest a suitable software between General- Software and Customised
Software along with reasons for the school to use.
Ans. T he school should opt for a Customised software as there is no generalised software according
to the requirement of the school. Thus a software is required which should be tailor made
according to the requirement of the school.
Types of Software
23
4
Communication Technology
A. MCQs.
1. Which of the following transmission medium is the costliest?
a. UTP
b. STP
c. Coaxial Cable
d. Optical Fibre
Ans. d. Optical Fibre
2. W
hich among the following is used for transmission in short range (mobile phone) devices?
a. Infrared
b. Bluetooth
c. Coaxial Cable
d. Optical Fibre
Ans. b. Bluetooth
3. W
hich transmission would you use which can be setup at no time if the cost of digging the land
for placing the cables is high?
a. Microwaves
b. Satellite Link
c. Infrared Waves
d. Bluetooth
Ans. a. Microwaves
4. W
hich among the following network devices is used for connecting multiple computers over a
network?
a. Hub
b. Modem
c. repeater
d. None of these
Ans. a. Hub
5. Which of the following is not used for wired transmission?
a. Coaxial Cables
b. Optical Fibre
c. Twisted Pair Cable
d. Microwaves
Ans. d. Microwaves
6. It is software program that allows multiple users to communicate online in 3D environment.
a. Intranet
b. Internet
c. Interspace
d. None of these
Ans. c. Interspace
7. A device that is used to connect one LAN with another LAN.
a. Modem
b. Bridge
c. Router
d. NIC
Ans. b. Bridge
8. A device that is used in a network to amplify dying signals.
a. Repeater
b. Bridge
c. Router
d. Modem
Ans. a. Repeater
9. Which of the following is not a characteristics of MAN?
a. The size lies between LAN and WAN
b. Data transfer rate is low compared to LAN
c. Cost of setting up this network is higher than LAN
d. The network spans only 100 meters
Ans. d. The network spans only 100 meters
10. Which of the following is the full form of WiMax?
a. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
b. Worldwide Internet through Microwave Access
c. Worldwide Intranet through Microwave Exchange
d. Worldwide Internet by Microsoft Extended
Ans. a. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Clients are nodes within a network that access resources of the Server.
2. A Hub connects several computers within a network.
3. A Modem is used to convert digital signal to analog signal and vice versa.
4. R
epeater are devices which is used to amplify the signal which is being transmitted over a long
distance.
5. S ervers are the nodes which facilities the sharing of its software and hardware resources on the
network.
6. The transmission from the earth to the satellite is known as uplink.
7. Infrared waves have its frequency just less than red light.
8. In microwave transmission high towers are used.
9. Optical fibres uses LED/LASER as its source of data transmission.
10. Internet is a network of networks.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. Networking allows sharing of printers. – T
2. WAN spans over an area near an individual. – F
3. LAN spans over small area, usually within a room or a building. – T
4. PAN spreads overs a very small area usually at the vicinity of a device. – T
Communication Technology
25
5. C
lients are the nodes which facilitates the sharing of its software and hardware resources on the
network. – F
6. Bluetooth technology is used for communication is most hand-held devices. – T
7. Optical fibres though expensive, is the fastest and most reliable transmission medium. – T
8. Satellite link is used for radio waves communication. – F
9. Data transmission rate in coaxial cable is slower than the twisted pair cable. – F
10. RJ-45 is an example of Twisted Pair Cable. – F
D. SAQs I
1. How does TCP/IP protocol help in transmitting of data in internet?
Ans. TCP/IP specifies how data is exchanged over the internet by providing end-to-end communications
that identify how it should be broken into packets, addressed, transmitted, routed and received
at the destination.
2. What is an Intranet?
Ans. Intranet is a local or restricted communications network, especially a private network created
using World Wide Web software.
3. What is an Interspace?
Ans. Interspace is a client or server software program that allow multiple user to communicate online
with real time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environment.
4. Which wireless technology is used in Mobile phones?
Ans. Bluetooth
5. Which is the best guided media in terms of speed and least data transmission failure?
Ans. Optical fibre
6. N
ame the access mechanism used to connect a cable to a modem to access the Internet using
telephone lines.
Ans. Dial-Up/Broadband
7. N
ame the two most common type of copper cabling used in a network where copper is used as
a conductor.
Ans. Twisted Pair and Co-axial
8. W
iMax is a wireless transmission of data that is used for various transmission modes. What
does WiMax stand for?
Ans. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
9. Name the part of an optical fiber which is also called sheath.
Ans. Buffer Coating
10. What is Infrared used for?
Ans. Infrared is used in home-entertainment remote control devices, cordless mouse, intrusion
detectors, etc.
26
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
E. SAQs II
1. What are the different types of transmission media used in a network?
Ans. The different types of transmission media used in a network are
• Guided (Wired)
• Unguided (Wireless)
2. What is an optical fibre? What are its different components?
Ans. An optical fibre is a thin flexible fibre with a glass core through which light signals can be sent
with very little loss of strength.
The different components are Core, Cladding and Buffer Coating.
3. Write a short note on Radio Waves.
Ans. Radio Waves are used as an unguided media. It consists of waves having a frequency ranging
from 3 KHz to 3GHz. It is used for communication over short distances like from a few meters
(as in walkie-talkies) upto covering an entire city.
4. Why are satellite links used even though it is expensive?
Ans. A
lthough satellite link systems are expensive, the area it covers compensate for the expenses.
5. State the difference between a Hub and Switch.
Ans. A
network hub is designed to connect computers to each other with no real understanding
of what it is transferring. The switch is also like a hub but differs in the way it handles packets
of data. When a switch receives a packet of data, it determines what computer or device the
packet is intended for and sends it to that computer only.
6. What is repeater used for?
Ans. For long distance transmission of data in a network the transmitted signal may get weakened
after a certain distance. In such situations repeaters are used. Repeaters are devices which is
used to amplify the signal which is being transmitted.
7. What is a Modem?
Ans. A modem is a hardware device that allows a computer to send and receive data over a telephone
line or a cable or satellite connection.
F. LAQs
1. Explain the working of a modem.
Ans. Suppose you want to connect your computer to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) using an
ordinary phone line. The computer at your end needs a modem to modulate its digital signals
(add them on top of an analog telephone signal) so they can travel down the phone line just
like the sound of your voice. Once the signals have reached the other end, they have to pass
through a second modem, which demodulates them (separates them out from the telephone
signal and turns them back into digital form) so the ISP computer can understand them. When
the ISP computer replies, it sends its signals through a modulator back down the line to you.
Then a demodulator at your end turns the signals back into digital form that your computer can
understand.
Communication Technology
27
2. Briefly describe the basic data types that are used in Multimedia.
Ans. The basic data types that forms Multimedia.
T ext: Text in multimedia systems can express specific information, or it can act as reinforcement
for information contained in other media items.
I mages: Digital image files appear in many multimedia applications. Digital photographs
can display application content or can alternatively form part of a user interface. Interactive
elements, such as buttons, often use custom images created by the designers and developers
involved in an application.
udio: Audio files and streams play a major role in some multimedia systems. Audio files
A
appear as part of application content and also to aid interaction. When they appear within Web
applications and sites, audio files sometimes need to be deployed using plug-in media players.
Audio formats include MP3, WMA, Wave, MIDI and RealAudio.
ideo: Digital video appears in many multimedia applications, particularly on the Web. As with
V
audio, websites can stream digital video to increase the speed and availability of playback.
Common digital video formats include Flash, MPEG, AVI, WMV and QuickTime.
raphic Objects: Special shapes are also used to define different elements in a multimedia. For
G
example Two- Dimensional (2D) or Three Dimensional (3D) shapes are used to define multimedia
objects. These includes various formats used by image, video editing applications. Examples are
CAD / CAM objects.
nimation: Animated components are common within both Web and desktop multimedia
A
applications. Animations can also include interactive effects, allowing users to engage with the
animation action using their mouse and keyboard.3. Explain the difference between Data and
Information.
3. Explain the difference between Data and Information.
Ans. D
ata are raw facts or attributes given to the computer to get Information (i.e., meaningfully
arranged data). Data can be anything a name, address, number, etc., which when arranged or
processed properly gives us information.
F or example, imagine a name “Arijit Mukherjee” and an address “Katmandu”, doesn’t mean
much. But if the data is arranged in the following manner: “Arijit Mukherjee lives in Katmandu.”
T his is quite meaningful. Thus we can say when data are processed or arranged properly gives
us meaningful information.
T hus data are simply facts or figures which are bits of information, but not information itself.
These data when processed, interpreted, organized, structured or presented so as to make them
meaningful or useful, are called information. Therefore information always provides context for
data.
T he words “Information” and “data” are entwined, whether one recognises them as two
different words or uses them reciprocally, which is common now-a-days. Whether they are
utilized reciprocally depends to some degree on the use of context and grammar of the “data”.
28
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
4. What is Wi-Fi? What is Wi-Fi Hotspot used for?
Ans. W
i-Fi is the acronym for Wireless Fidelity, which gives you a chance to unite with the web
without an immediate line from your PC to the ISP. For Wi-Fi to work, you require:
• A broadband net connectivity.
• A wireless router transfers your web association from the ISP to the PC.
• A smart phone laptop or desktop with a remote web card or outer wireless connector.
hotspot is a venue that offers Wi-Fi access. People in generalcan utilize a portable computer,
A
W-Fi telephone, or other suitable compact gadget to get to the web through a Wifi hotspot.
Hotspots are open areas, (for example, libraries, inns, air terminals and nearby book shops and
restaurants and so on.) with free or nominal fee based remote web access.
5. How does satellite links help in communication?
Ans. S atellites communicate by using radio waves to send signals to the antennas on the Earth. The
antennas then capture those signals and process the information coming from those signals.
Information can include:
• scientific data (like the pictures the satellite took),
• the health of the satellite, and
• where the satellite is currently located in space.
Application Oriented Questions
1. T arini Fancy Inc. is planning to connect all computers in their Office Building spread over 50
metres of area.
a. Suggest the most economical cable type having high data transfer speed which can be used
to connect these computers.
b. Which type of network (out of WAN, LAN and MAN)?
c. Which device will be used to connect all the computers?
Ans. a. Twisted wire cable
b. LAN
c. Hub/Switch
2. S hobhit wants to create a network for his computers in his office for sharing of hardware and
software resources.
a. What type of network will be formed (LAN, MAN and WAN)?
b. To keep things economical suggest a type of transmission media over a network.
c. What device should be present in each computers for the cable to connect?
d. H
e also wants an internet connection for the network, name the device which is primarily
used for the internet connectivity.
Communication Technology
29
Ans. a. LAN
b. Twisted Pair Cable
c. Network Interface Card (NIC)
d. Modem
3. M
r Swapan wants to send a video to Mrs Sinha sitting beside him on her mobile phone. What
networking technology is needed to share a video through the mobile phones? Describe it.
Ans. Bluetooth Technology
It is an unguided media. It is one of the most popular technologies used in hand-held (mobiles
and tablets) devices for transmission of data. Its frequency ranges from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz
and is therefore used for short range communication (approx. 10m). Its data transfer rate is too
slow compared to other waves.
4. Carefully go through the following descriptions and identify what is being talked about?
a. It consist of two insulated wires twisted around each other that provides protection against
noise and cross talk.
b. Disturbance caused due to interference of one signal’s electric or magnetic field into other
signals.
c. It is a device used to convert digital signal to analog vice-versa.
d. It is a software program that allows multiple users to communicate online with realtime
audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments.
e. It is a device which is used to amplify the signal which is being transmitted.
Ans.
a. Twisted Pair Cable
b. Crosstalk
c. Modem
d. Interspace
e. Repeater
30
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
5
Operating System
A. MCQs.
1. Which among the following is not an example of an Operating System?
a. Windows 7
b. Linux
c. Unix
d. Microsoft Word
Ans. d. Microsoft Word
2. N
ame the specialized program that acts as a path between the operating system and virtually all
hardware not on the computer’s motherboard.
a. Device Driver
b. Virtual Memory
c. System Driver
d. None of these
Ans. a. Device Driver
3. Which of the following does not come under the memory management of the Operating System?
a. It keeps track of the main memory and checks which part is in use and by which process. It
also keeps track of the part that is not in use.
b. It checks whether the RAM is physically broken or not and gives a relevant message during the
booting process.
c. It makes a decision on which process will get memory when and by how much.
d. It allocates the memory according to the requirement of the process.
Ans. b
. It checks whether the RAM is physically broken or not and gives a relevant message during
the booting process.
4. Which of the following is not the File Management functionality of an Operating System?
a. It handles the organisation and tracking of files and directories (folders) saved or retrieved
from the secondary storage devices.
b. It ensures that a file contain a folder.
c. It does not track the time of creation of a file.
d. It ensures that the secondary memory is not used by any programs.
Ans. b. It ensures that a file contain a folder.
5. Name India’s Linux based Operating System developed at CDAC.
a. Bharat Linux
b. Bharat Operating System Solutions
c. India Operating System
d. All of these
Ans. b. Bharat Operating System Solutions
6. A
very popular Operating System made by Google for hand held devices like Smart Phones and
Tablets.
a. Symbian
b. Windows 8
c. Android
d. iOS
Ans. c. Android
7. Name the developer of Linux.
a. Linus Benedict Torvalds
c. Linus Tux
b. Linus Andrews
d. Linus Benedict Simonds
Ans. a. Linus Benedict Torvalds
8. A
type of Operating System (O.S) that process inputs simultaneously that is fast enough to affect
the next input.
a. Distributed O.S
b. Real Time O.S
c. Interactive O.S
d. None of these
Ans. b. Real Time O.S
9. Which of the following do not belong to Android?
a. Honeycomb
b. Crispy Cake
c. Kit-Kat
d. Ginger Bread
Ans. b. Crispy Cake
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. An Operating System is a software that provides a platform for other applications to be executed.
2.The Distributed operating system allows software and data to be distributed around the system.
3.
Booting is the process of loading the Operating System into the memory during start up.
4. BOSS Linux is based upon Debian linux which is one of the most stable Linux distribution.
5.
ios is an Operating System used in iPhone’s.
6. Dennis Ritchie was one of the co-creators of the UNIX Operating System.
7. M
emory Management is the process through which the Operating System decides which process
gets the processor when and for how much time.
8. The Solaris Operating System is currently maintained by Oracle company.
9. The Solaris O.S. that allows users to take full advantage UltraSPARC processor based system.
10. In Warm boot the computer is restarted.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. The iOS is developed and maintained by Apple. – T
2. Real Time and Distributed Operating system behaves same like each other. – F
3. Booting is the process of storing the Operating System into the Hard Disk. – F
4. Tracking of files and folders is the File Management functionality. –T
32
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
5. O
perating System is not responsible for de-allocating the memory when a process no longer
requires it. – F
6. An Application Software can execute even without an Operating system. – F
7. Symbian is an Operating System developed by Google. – F
8. Android is a very popular Operating System in Apple’s hand-held devices. – F
9. An Application Software allocates the CPU to a process. – F
10. Operating System is also responsible for managing devices. – T
D. SAQs I
1. Why is an Operating System?
Ans. An operating system (OS) is software that manages computer hardware and software resources
and provides common services for computer programs.
2. What is a Interactive Operating System?
Ans. Interactive (GUI based) Operating System: GUI or Graphical User Interface based Operating
System allows the use of icons, windows and menus as tools to interact with the computer.
3. What is Real Time Operating System?
Ans. R
eal-time operating system processes inputs simultaneously to such an extent that it is fast
enough to affect the next input or process.
4. State any one function of “Device Management” of an Operating System.
Ans. It is used to keep track of all I/O (Input/Output) devices like monitor, keyboard, mouse, scanner,
etc., and the program responsible for this task is known as the I/O controller.
5. State any one function of Memory Management by the Operating System.
Ans. The memory management function of an operating system keeps track of the main memory
and checks which part is in use and by which process. It also keeps track of the part that is not
in use.
6. Why is Unix O.S a powerful and flexible O.S?
Ans. Unix O.S uses concepts such as Users, Groups, Permissions and Network-Shared Resources
(such as files, printers, other computer systems, etc.) which is built-in to the core of its design, thus
making it powerful and flexible O.S.
E. SAQs II
1. State two functions of the Memory Management in an Operating System.
Ans. The 2 memory management functions of an OS are:
• The operating system keeps track of the main memory and checks which part is in use and
by which process. It also keeps track of the part that is not in use.
• The operating system makes a decision on which process will get memory when and by how
much.
Operating System
33
2. What is POST?
Ans. When power is turned on, POST (Power-On Self-Test) is the diagnostic testing sequence that a
computer’s basic input/output system (or “starting program”) runs to determine if the computer
keyboard, random access memory, disk drives, and other hardware are working correctly.
3. State three advantages of the Processor Management in an Operating System.
Ans. T he Processor Management functions of an Operating System are:
• The operating system keeps track of the processor and the status of process.
• The operating system allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
• The operating system is also responsible for de-allocating the processor when processor is
no longer required.
4. What is a Linux Operating System?
Ans. T he Linux open source operating system, or Linux OS, is a freely distributable, cross-platform
operating system based on Unix that can be installed on PCs, laptops, netbooks, mobile and
tablet devices, video game consoles, servers, supercomputers and more.
5. What is Android? Gives three names of the releases of the Android Operating System.
Ans. A
ndroid is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and
designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Names of Android releases are Cupcake (1.5), Donut (1.6) and Eclair (2.0).
F. LAQs
1. State the activities of an Operating System related to “File Management”.
Ans.
• It handles the organisation and tracking of files and directories (folders) saved or retrieved
from the secondary storage devices.
• It allows the user to perform such tasks as creating files and directories, renaming files,
copying and moving files, and deleting files.
• It keeps track of information, location, uses, status, etc., of the file system.
• It decides which process gets the secondary memory resources, allocates the resources and
deallocate the resources when the process is complete.
2. Write a short note on the symbian Operating System.
Ans. Symbian OS is a smartphone operating system and was the most widely used smartphone
operating system in the world until 2010, when it was overtaken by Android. Symbian OS began
as an operating system called EPOC, which was developed in the 1980s by a company named
Psion. In 1998, in a joint venture with telephone manufacturers Nokia, Ericsson, and Motorola,
Psion became Symbian, Ltd., and EPOC became Symbian OS.
34
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
3. State the activities of a Operating System related to “Processor Management”.
Ans.
• The operating system keeps track of the processor and the status of process.
• The operating system allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
• The operating system is also responsible for de-allocating the processor when processor is
no longer required.
4. Write a short note on the Bharat Operating System Solutions (BOSS).
Ans. Bharat Operating System Solutions (BOSS) is a free and open source GNU/Linux distribution
developed at Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC), Chennai INDIA. BOSS
was originally created using Debian GNU/Linux which is a “LSB certified” Linux distribution.
Thus making it certified by the Linux Foundation for compliance with the Linux Standard Base
standard.
Application Oriented Questions
1. M
r Simonds is planning to use a free open source Operating System for personal use, with a
host of Applications packaged with it. Suggest an Operating System with such requirements
and also the reason for the choice.
Ans. Mr Simonds can go for Linux Operating System not only because it is free because of the
number of application that comes packed with it.
2. Y
ou know by now that BOSS is an Indian answer to the multilingual (for Indian languages)
requirement, which keeps it apart from the Operating System generally of the West.
a. Name an Office software that is used in it.
b. Name a fairly heavy graphics software in it.
Ans.
a. Bharateeya OpenOffice
b. GIMP for graphics
3. M
rs Sadhana want her personal office PC to be secured and protected. Suggest some builtin
features of the Operating System that gives her the protection and security required.
Ans. S ome of the built-in features of an operating system that would give Mrs Sadhana protection
and security are:
• It allows user accounts for each individual accounts for each user,
• It allows user authorisation can be attained using password protection.
• It allows the user to define and thus allows accessibility of different kind of information for
different people.
• It allows data encryption thus allowing protection of data by making it un-understandable
for those for which it is not meant for.
• It allows data backup for storing data on a peripheral device other than the hard disk.
• In a networked environment, only trusted computers should be able to share data. Some of
the common security threats occur due to hacking, viruses, etc.
Operating System
35
4. M
r Rohan just started learning about computer. He is planning to buy a computer system, but
he got stuck with the requirement of the Operating System’s User Interface. Suggest him an
User Interface along with reasons.
Ans. For Mr Rohan an Operating System that provides Graphical User Interface is more preferable as
it is easy to master without much of an effort unlike a Character User Interface which requires some
effort, because Mr Rohan needs to know the different commands through which he can make the
computer do some task.
5. O
ne of the primary features of an Operating System is File Management. State at least three
functionalities of the File Management.
Ans. The File Management feature of an Operating System provides the following functionalities:
• It handles the organisation and tracking of files and directories (folders) saved or retrieved
from the secondary storage devices.
• It allows the user to perform such tasks as creating files and directories, renaming files,
copying and moving files, and deleting files.
• It keeps track of information, location, uses, status etc of the file system.
• It decides which process gets the secondary memory resources, allocates the resources and
de-allocate the resources when the process is complete.
36
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
6
Using Windows 7
A. MCQs.
1. Name the thin strip that runs across the bottom of your screen.
a. Taskbar
b. Toolbar
c. Desktop
d. None of these
Ans. a. Taskbar
2. Which of the following is not a part of System Tray?
a. Clock
b. Volume Control
c. Network Status Monitor
d. Control Panel
Ans. b. Volume Control
3. W
hich among the following is used as link to an item which may be a file, folder or a program?.
a. Shortcut
b. Recycle Bin
c. Windows Explorer
d. None of these
Ans. a. Shortcut
4. Which among the following options is not present in the Start Menu?
a. All Programs
b. Search Programs and Files
c. Computer
d. Desktop
Ans. d. Desktop
5. ________________ are rectangular area that displays a list of choices.
a. Window
b. Menus
c. Dialog Box
d. Command Button
Ans. b. Menus
6. Which among the following is used to perform basic calculations in Windows 7?
a. Notepad
b. Calculator
c. Keyboard
d. Mathematica
Ans. b. Calculator
7. W
hich among the following buttons is not displayed on the Title Bar when an Application Window
is in Full Screen?
a. Minimise
b. Maximise
c. Close
d. Restore
Ans. b. Maximise
8. Which among the following is a Graphics utility in Windows 7?
a. Notepad
b. Paint
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
Ans. b. Paint
9. W
hich among the following cannot be changed using the ‘Personalization’ group of the ‘Control
Panel’?
a. Desktop Themes
b. Wallpaper
c. Screen Saver
d. Mouse Settings
Ans. d. Mouse Settings
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. The Desktop shows a wall paper as the background with icons on top it.
2. The Start button is present on the Task bar.
3.The Quick Launch Icons on the Taskbar is used to quickly launch an Application upon a single
click.
4. The System tray is a section of the Taskbar that is used to display the clock.
5. Folders are like containers where files are stored.
6. The All Programs option is present in the Start menu.
7. The Search Box is used to search for items in Windows Explorer.
8. A Dialog box is a child window that is used to provide an alert to the user.
9. The Scroll Bar is used to navigate in a Window.
10. The Recycle Bin is a place in Windows that contains most of the deleted files.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. Ctrl + Delete is used to remove a file without sending it to Recycle Bin. – F
2. Show desktop button is available in Windows Explorer. – F
3. Context menu is a type of toolbar. – F
4. Windows Explorer allows you to view and organise the contents of your computer. – T
5. Files are containers that stores folders. – F
6. Notepad can perform exactly same functions as a calculator. – F
7. Windows Explorer window shows the Title on the Title Bar. – F
8. The Recycle Bin stores all deleted files/folders. – T
9. The ‘Cut’ option in Windows Explorer is used to Move a file from one location to another. – T
10. Once a file is named in Windows it cannot be further renamed. – F
38
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
D. SAQs I
1. What is a Desktop?
Ans. The background that is seen on the screen as soon as the booting process is over is called the
Desktop, which contains a wallpaper on it.
2. State the difference between a Menu Bar and a Title Bar.
Ans. It displays a menu bar that displays commands and options using drop-down menus. It is
generally used to save space. Title Bar on the other hand is used to display the name of the
Application.
3. What is a Mouse?
Ans. A computer mouse is an input device that is most often used with a personal computer. Moving
a mouse along a flat surface can move the on-screen cursor to different items on the screen.
Items can be moved or selected by pressing the mouse buttons (called clicking).
4. How do you start ‘Paint’ from the ‘Start’ menu?
Ans. To start with Paint click on Start->All Programs->Accessories->Paint.
5. What is a Double click?
Ans. P
ressing a computer mouse button twice in quick succession to select a file, program, or function
is called double click.
6. State one function of the System Tray.
Ans. An area on the right side of the Taskbar on the Windows interface used to display the status of
various functions, such as speaker volume and modem transmission.
7. What is a Menu?
Ans. A
menu is a set of options presented to the user of a computer application to help the user find
information or execute a program function.
8. What is a File?
Ans. A
file is an object on a computer that stores data, information, settings, or commands used
with a computer program. In a graphical user interface (GUI) such as Microsoft Windows, files
display as icons that relate to the program that opens the file.
9. What is an Address Bar in Windows Explorer?
Ans. The Address bar, also known as the Breadcrumb bar, is the bar at the top of a Windows Explorer
window that displays the currently selected folder or file path location like a folder tree, but
sideways instead.
10. What is a Details Pane in Windows Explorer?
Ans. T he details pane in Windows Explorer is used to see the most common properties associated
with the selected file. File properties are information about a file, such as the author, the date
you last changed the file, and any descriptive tags you might have added to the file.
Using Windows 7
39
E. SAQs II
1. What is the function of a Scroll Bar in a Window?
Ans. A vertical or horizontal bar commonly located on the far right or bottom of a window that
allows you to move the window viewing area up, down, left, or right.
2. State the function of the two buttons of a Mouse.
Ans. Most computer mice have at least two mouse buttons. When you press the left one, it is called
a left click. When you press the one on the right, it is called a right click. By default, the left
button is the main mouse button, and is used for common tasks such as selecting objects and
double-clicking.
The right mouse button is often used to open contextual menus, which are pop-up menus that
change depending where you click.
3. Explain Frames in Windows.
Ans. T he rectangular area inside which an application runs and the user interacts is called a frame or
frame window. A frame has two major components: the frame and the contents that it frames.
4. How would you use the ‘Click and Drag’ method to move an icon on the screen?
Ans. To click and drag, click the left mouse button, and then highlight the items or text that you wish
to select. In some applications, this will create a box around your selected items. When you
release the mouse, you will be able to drag your selection to a new location.
5. Name the different areas of the Taskbar.
Ans. T he different areas of the Taskbar are -a round Start button, Quick Launch icons, a notification
area, and a clock.
6. What is a Toolbar menu?
Ans. It is a menu bar in the form of a toolbar. It consists of commands in menu button and split
buttons. The commands are generally direct commands.
7. State the difference between a File and a Folder.
Ans. The basic difference between the two is that files store data, while folders store files and
other folders. The folders, often referred to as directories, are used to organize files on your
computer. The folders themselves take up virtually no space on the hard drive.
8. How would you create a folder?
Ans. T o create a folder simply navigate to a desired location, i.e., inside a folder and right-click. This
will display a popup menu from which you can click New -> Folder. This will create a New Folder
which remains highlighted until you type a new name for it and hit the Enter key or click outside
the text area.
9. How would you rename a file or a folder in Windows?
Ans. To change the name of a file/folder right-click on a file/folder and from the popup menu click
Rename. The name of the file/folder gets highlighted. Now type your desired name and hit the
Enter key or click anywhere outside the text area of the name.
40
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
F. LAQs
1. State the process of creating a shortcut for an Application in Windows.
Ans. Open the folder or directory that contains the program you want to create a shortcut for in
Windows Explorer.
1. Right-click on the program and select Create Shortcut.
2. Doing so will create a shortcut named “Shortcut to <your program>” in the current directory.
If you want to rename this shortcut, right-click the file and select Rename.
3. Once the above steps have been completed, you can copy or cut this shortcut and paste it
anywhere to execute this program. You can also rename the shortcut anytime.
2. What is a Text Editor generally used for?
Ans. Text editors can be used to enter program language source statements or to create documents
such as technical manuals without any formatting.
3. Explain the function of MC, MR, MS, M+ and M- buttons in a Calculator in Windows.
Ans. M
C: It stands for Memory Clear and is used to clear the memory of the number stored in the
Calculator.
MR: It stands for Memory Recall and is used to recall the number stored in the memory.
S: It stands for Memory Store and is used to simply store the number on the screen to the
M
memory.
+: It adds the current number on the screen to the number stored in memory and updates the
M
memory with the added value.
-: It subtracts the current number on the screen with the number stored in memory and
M
updates the memory with the subtracted value.
4. Explain the process of Running an Application.
Ans. R
unning an application is referred to as execution of an application, i.e., making the application
active. To run an application click on Start -> All Programs which shows all the list of installed
applications on your computer and clicking on the application. An application may also be
started by double clicking on the application-icon on the desktop.
5. Explain the processing of changing the System Date and Time in Windows.
Ans.
1. Open Control Panel and scroll through it until you get Date and Time.
2. Clicking on it will bring the Date and Time dialog box. Now click on the Date and Time tab if
not visible.
3. Click on Change date and time button which will bring you the Date and Time Settings dialog
box, where you change the systems date and time.
4. Click the OK button on completion.
Using Windows 7
41
Application Oriented Questions
1. M
iss Sweta was working on her computer with Applications Word, Excel and Media Player
open. Suddenly she remembered a file which she needs a hardcopy that is kept on the Desktop.
Suggest the easiest way of accessing the Desktop.
Ans. Miss Sweta may access the Desktop by clicking on Show Desktop button which is on the right
of the clock on the Task Bar.
2. M
r Raghav recently learnt “Numerology” a branch of Astrology in a community workshop. To
try out a live example he took his friend’s date of birth. The problem is he does not know the
dayname on which he was born. Suggest a way that Mr Raghav is able to know the dayname
quiet easily in Windows 7.
Ans. Mr Raghav can click on Date and Time option of the System Tray of the Taskbar and scroll
through the date to locate the day name of the date.
3. M
r Arpan at ASITECT Company requires to repeatedly use OpenOffice Writer, Calc or Impress
at his office. As he repeatedly uses these Applications, he kept shortcuts of these applications
on the Desktop. But this did not help much; as every time he started an application he had to
go through the Desktop, which is usually covered by another Application Window.
Is there any other way he could access such Applications fast?
Ans. Mr Arpan may Pin or fix applications to the taskbar and access them with a single-click of the
mouse.
4. R
onnie had a file named “project.docx” that he created for his Geography Project during the
Summer break. His brother while playing on his computer accidentally deleted the file. Can you
help Ronnie in getting back the “project.docx” file.
Ans. Ronnie may use the search option of the Start Menu for a quick search of the specified file.
5. A
khil got a laptop from his dad on his 11th birthday. He happens to find that the time shown
on the Taskbar is not correct. Suggest a way by which he will change the System time.
Ans. Akhil can use the following steps to change the system time:
1. Open Control Panel and scroll through it until you get Date and Time.
2. Clicking on it will bring the Date and Time dialog box. Now click on the Date and Time Tab if
not visible.
3. Click on Change date and time button which will bring you the Date and Time Settings dialog
box, where you change the systems date and time.
4. Click on OK button on completion.
42
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
6. S unidhi is a lefty and therefore always faces a problem in doing practicals, as the mouse is set
for the right handed person. Suggest a method by which the mouse may be configured for
Sunidhi.
Ans. Sunidhi can use the following steps to configure the mouse for a left handed person:
1. Click on Control Panel -> Mouse.
2. Click on it to get the Mouse Properties dialog box.
3. Click on the Buttons tab and click on the Switch primary and secondary buttons checkbox
will reverse the left and right mouse buttons, i.e., instead of click using the left mouse button
you need to do it using the right mouse button.
7. S ulekha recently hurt her fore-finger and finds it difficult to double-click on the mouse button
to start an Application. Suggest a way through which she can access an Application upon single
click of a button.
Ans. Sulekha needs to follow these steps:
1. Scroll through the Control Panel until you get Folder Options.
2. Click on it, which in turn will present you with the Folder Options dialog box.
3. From the General Tab option, click on the option button single-click to open an item (point
to select) and click on OK or Apply.
Using Windows 7
43
7
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I
A. MCQs.
1. Which among the following software is not used for Word Processing?
a. OpenOffice Writer
b. Microsoft Word
c. Adobe PageMaker
d. OpenOffice Calc
Ans. d. OpenOffice Calc
2. Which among the following icons of the Toolbar used to start a New Document?
Ans. a
3. Which among the following icons of the Toolbar used to open an existing Document?
Ans. b
4. Which of the following is not a Font Style?
a. Bold
b. Italics
c. Underline
d. Capital
Ans. d. Capital
5. W
hich among the following Toolbars will you find the option to make a text Bold?
a. Standard Toolbar
b. Formatting Toolbar
c. Align Toolbar
d. Drawing Toolbar
Ans. b. Formatting Toolbar
6. Which among the following icons of the Formatting Toolbar is used to change the colour of the
Font?
Ans. c
7. T he _________________ alignment aligns selected text to both right and left margin.
a. Left Alignment
b. Right Alignment
c. Centered Alignment
d. Justified Alignment
Ans. d. Justified Alignment
8. The header and footer option is present in which menu?
a. File
b. Edit
c. Insert
d. Headers
Ans. c. Insert
B. Fill in the blanks.
1.The Save as option of the ‘File’ menu is used to create a duplicate documents.
2. Untitled 1 is the default name for a Writer document.
3. To Save and Open a Writer document the Standard Toolbar is used.
4. The Bold, Underline and Italics option is present in the Formatting Toolbar.
5.
Font Face is a set of characters, including letters, numbers, symbols and punctuators.
6. To type in a series of capital letters the Caps Lock on the keyboard should be pressed.
7. The Justified alignment aligns text both on the left and right margin.
8.The Leading option of ‘Line Spacing’ in Paragraph formatting allows you to set the height of
vertical spaces between the lines.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. You can press the Enter key on the keyboard to mark the end of a paragraph. – T
2. The ‘Paragraph’ option is present in the ‘Edit’ menu. – F
3. It is possible to change the amount of space to leave between the lines of text. – T
4. ‘Variable’ is type of ‘Line Spacing’. – F
5. The default extension of an OpenOffice Writer file is .odt. – T
6. The ‘Footer’ option is present in the ‘Format’ menu. – F
D. SAQs I
1. What is a Font?
Ans. A font is a set of printable or displayable text character s in a specific style and size. The type
design for a set of fonts is the typeface and variations of this design form the typeface family.
2. What are the different types of Alignments in Writer?
Ans. The different types of Alignments in Writer are Left, Right, Centered and Justified Alignment.
3. What is a Footer Space?
Ans. The space in a page that places the footer content is called a Footer space.
4. What is the file extension of Writer document?
Ans. The file extension of Writer document is ‘.odt’.
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I
45
E. SAQs II
1. State the difference between a Header and a Footer.
Ans. Headers are text and/or graphics that are repeated on the top of every page whereas Footers
are text and/or graphics that are repeated on the bottom of every page.
2. How do you highlight a text in Writer?
Ans. To highlight a text in a Writer document the following steps are to be followed:
a. Select the text to be highlighted.
b. Click on the Highlighting drop-down list found in the Formatting Toolbar (fig. 7.16a).
c. Choose the desired highlight colour according to your choice from the drop-down list.
3. What is a Sidebar in Writer?
Ans. T he Sidebar window by default remains on the right edge of the Writer window. It provides
frequently used tools, grouped in decks. You may click on a tab in the vertical tab bar to choose
a deck.
4. What is a paragraph in Writer?
Ans. A
paragraph is a distinct section of a piece of writing, usually dealing with a single theme and
indicated by a new line, indentation, or numbering.
F. LAQs
1. Explain the process of inserting a Header and a Footer in Writer.
Ans. To Insert a Header into a Document
1. Click on Insert Header Default from the menu.
2. This will create the Header Workspace into the document.
3. Click anywhere on the Header Workspace and type in a header, to be repeated at the top of
every page.
To Insert a Footer into a Document
1. Click on Insert->Footer->Default from the menu.
2. This will create the Footer Workspace into the document.
3. Click anywhere on the Footer Workspace and type in a footer, to be repeated at the bottom
of every page.
2. Explain the different line spacing in a paragraph.
Ans. Single: This is the default setting that is used to apply single line spacing to the current paragraph.
This option is used to accommodate the largest font in that line along with a small amount of
extra space, which may vary depending on the font that is used.
1.5 Lines: This option is used to specify a line spacing one-and-one-half times that of single line
spacing.
Double: This option is used to specify a line spacing which is twice that of single line spacing.
46
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
Proportional: It is used to specify the line spacing proportionate to the current line spacing. The
entry is to be made in percentage, where 100% corresponds to single line spacing.
t Least: It is used to specify the minimum line spacing that is needed to fit the largest font or
A
graphic on the line.
Leading: It is used to set the height of the vertical space that is inserted between two lines.
Fixed: It is used to set the line spacing to exactly match the value that you enter in the box.
3. How do you Save a file in Writer?
Ans. To save a document the following steps are to be followed:
1. Click in the File menu.
2. From the submenu that appears click on the Save option. Alternately you may click on the
Save button on the Standard Toolbar. If you are saving the document for the first time you will
be presented with the Save As dialog box
3. In the File name Textbox you may type in a file name and click on the Save button to save the
file.
4. In case you have already given a name to the document, upon clicking the Save option from
the File menu you will not be presented with the Save As dialog box. Word will save the
updated document with the changes.
4. In which Toolbar is the Save, Open button available in Writer?
Ans. The Standard Toolbar contains the Save, Open button in Writer.
5. How would you change the Font size of a text in Writer?
Ans. To change the size of the font that is being typed the following steps are used:
1. Select or highlight the text whose font you want to change.
2. Click on the Font Size drop-down list found in the Formatting Toolbar.
3. Choose the desired font size according to your choice from the drop-down list. You may even
type the font size in case you do not want the default sizes.
Application Oriented Questions
1. M
r Rashid while typing a document, usually have the habit of using the Save Button on the
Standard Toolbar to store the document. One day while working suddenly he does not find the
Save Button. Suggest the method to Mr Rashid so that he can again use the Save Button.
Ans. T o view the Standard Toolbar click the following option from the menu bar click on
View->Toolbars->Standard
2. M
rs Sujata has created a test on her students of class 3 on prepositions in OpenOffice Writer.
She had created a paragraph as shown below:
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I
47
ut the space (especially the height) given for each blank is too less for a child of class 3 to
B
write. Suggest a method through which you will be able to help Mrs Sujata in increasing the
space between the lines so that it helps the children in writing the prepositions comfortably.
Ans. M
rs Sujata needs to increase the line spacing of the paragraph. To increase the line spacing of
the paragraph the following steps are involved:
1. Bring the cursor to the paragraph whose indentation you need to change.
2. Click on Format menu and select the Paragraph option.
3. This in turn will display the Paragraph dialog box. Now click on Indents & Spacing Tab if not
selected.
4. From the Line Spacing drop down list select Double to double the space between the lines.
3. M
iss Tripti a personal assistant at Zimole Corporation Pvt. Ltd. had typed in a correspondence
as specified by her boss. But she was in a hurry and had typed the entire letter in capital letters.
Help her in starting the method of converting the letter to lower case, with the first alphabet of
a sentence in capital, without retyping the entire letter.
Ans. Miss Tripti should convert the entire text to “Sentence Case” in case she do not want to retype
the entire text, this is because it is the only case that has the ability to capitalize the first letter
of the first word in every sentence in the selected text.
To change the case of the text the following steps are involved:
1. Select the entire text of the document by pressing Ctrl+A.
2. From the menu bar click on Format->Change Case->Sentence Case.
48
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
8
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer-II
A. MCQs.
1. Which Toolbar allows you to access the Bullets and Numbering dialog?
a. Standard Toolbar
b. Formatting Toolbar
c. Drawing Toolbar
d. Table Toolbar
Ans. b. Formatting Toolbar
2. Which keyboard combination can you use for creating a Bulleted list?
a. Shift+F9
b. Shift+F10
c. Shift+F11
d. Shift+F12
Ans. d. Shift+F12
3. In which Toolbar is the ‘Spelling and Grammar’ button is present?
a. Standard Toolbar
b. Formatting Toolbar
c. Drawing Toolbar
d. Table Toolbar
Ans. a. Standard Toolbar
4. Spelling mistakes are shown in ________________ colour wavy underline.
a. Green
b. Blue
c. Yellow
d. Red
Ans. d. Red
5. Thesaurus allows you to choose a synonyms for a given text.
a. Antonyms
b. Synonyms
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b
Ans. b. Synonyms
6. Which among the following is used to represent the Gallery button?
Ans. a
7. _ __________________ refers to a set of characters that is positioned slightly higher than the
general text.
a. Subscript
b. Superscript
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
Ans. b. Superscript
8. T he ‘Special Character’ symbol may be placed into a document using the ___________ menu.
a. File
b. Insert
c. Edit
d. Tools
Ans. b. Insert
9. W
hich among the following is not present in the ‘Print’ dialog?
a. Collate
b. Pages
c. Printer
d. Color
Ans. d. Color
10. What is the default paper size of a Writer document?
a. A4
b. A3
c. B1
d. None of these
Ans. a. A4
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. The function key F7 is used to start with ‘Spelling and Grammar’ check.
2. A Bullet is a black circle used to highlight items in a list.
3. You can access the Bullets and Numbering dialog from the Format menu bar.
4. Grammatical or punctuation mistakes in a document are shown in wavy blue underlines.
5. A
Thesaurus is a book of group of words in groups of synonyms that have the same or nearly the
same meaning.
6. You can insert images present in a file from the Insert menu option.
7. The Collate option in Print dialog allows you to print a document in set.
8. By default the left, right, top and bottom margin is Two centimeter.
9. T he Shadow section of the ‘Borders’ option in ‘Paragraph’ setting allows you to apply a shadow
effect to borders.
10. The Format Paintbrush option is present in the Standard Toolbar.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. It is not possible to insert pictures into a Writer document external to OpenOffice. – F
2. The Gallery button is present in the Standard Toolbar. – T
3. F ontwork gallery is a set of beautiful set of artistic text object that may be inserted into a
document. – T
4. The subscript button is present in the Standard Toolbar. – F
5. Numbering a list is required when a sequence needs to be followed. – T
6. Shift+F12 is used to start a Bulleted list whereas F12 is used to start a Numbered list. – T
7. To insert a symbol you need to click on the ‘Format’ menu. – F
50
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
8. T he ‘Book Preview’ button of the ‘Page Preview’ Toolbar is used to display a document in the
form of a book. – T
9. You can draw basic shapes using the ‘Drawing’ Toolbar. – T
10. Only Portrait orientation is possible in a Writer document. – F
D. SAQs I
1. What is the shortcut key for Spelling and Grammar check in Writer?
Ans. F7
2. Which menu option contains Thesaurus in Writer?
Ans. Tools
3. What is the keyboard shortcut for subscript?
Ans. Ctrl+Shift+B
4. What is Page Preview used for?
Ans. The Page Preview is used to display the document in a way it will get printed in a writer.
5. What are Bullets?
Ans. A bullet is an asterisk, black dot, circle, or other mark that is found before the text that identifies
key items or other important text.
6. What is the option “Shadow Style” used for during “Border and Shading”?
Ans. It is used to provide some shadow effect to a text.
7. What is a Format Painter?
Ans. The Format Painter is a tool that is used to copy formatting from a text selection or from an
object and apply the formatting to another text selection or object.
E. SAQs II
1. State the difference between a Subscript and a Superscript.
Ans. A subscript or superscript is a character (number, letter or symbol) that is (respectively) set
slightly below or above the normal line of type. It is usually smaller than the rest of the text.
Subscripts appear at or below the baseline, while superscripts are above.
2. What do you understand by the ‘Collate’ option during printing a document?
Ans. The term Collate refers to the gathering and arranging of individual sheets or other printed
components into a pre-determined sequence. Basically, Collating creates consistent, logical
sets from multiple parts.
3. What do you understand by the term “Page Setting” in Writer?
Ans. “ Page Setting” refers to the change in layout of a page or pages in a document. This includes
page margins, width/height of the page, orientation of the pages (Landscape or Portrait), etc.
4. Which menu option allows you to perform “Page Setting”?
Ans. Format
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer-II
51
5. State the difference between Bullets and Numbering in Writer.
Ans. A bullet is usually a black circle but it can be any other symbol used to highlight items in a list.
Numbers (or letters) are used when information has to be in a certain order in a list of items.
6. What do you understand by the term “Borders and Shading”?
Ans. B
orders and shading is always used to decorate a text, which makes a plain article seems
highlighted and well-organized.
F. LAQs
1. State the process of performing Spelling and Grammar check in Writer.
Ans.
1. Click on Tools menu and from the menu options click on Spelling and Grammar option.
Alternately click on the Spelling and Grammar button in the Standard Toolbar.
2. Writer starts processing the document and displays the Spelling and Grammar dialog box
which suggests a correction if any. You may choose to make the suggested changes or choose
to ignore.
3. Once the processing of the entire document is performed Microsoft Word now displays a
message dialog of its completion. Click on the OK button.
2. What are Symbols? How would you insert symbols into a document?
Ans. A symbol is a special character that is generally not found on the keyboard and therefore cannot
be inserted directly into a document. To insert such symbols:
1. Place the cursor where you want the character to appear.
2. Click Insert -> Special Character to open the Special Characters window.
3. Select the Font to OpenSymbol and select the characters you wish to insert, in order, then
click OK.
3. State the process of creating a Bulleted List in Writer.
Ans. To create a bulleted lists follow these steps:
1. Select the lines to which you want to add bullets or place the cursor on a line, where you
need to start with fresh bulleted list.
2. Click on the Bullets Button from the Standard Toolbar. This will make the Bullets and
Numbering Toolbar to appear.
4. How would you use the Format Painter?
Ans. To use the Format Paintbrush the following steps are performed:
1. Place the cursor in a text that has the formatting you’re looking to apply elsewhere.
2. Now click the Format Paintbrush button.
3. Bring the mouse pointer to the location where the formatting should be applied and select
everything to be changed.
52
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
5. State the process of creating a border around a paragraph.
Ans.
1. Select the paragraph in the document.
2. Click on Format -> Paragraph option from the menu bar. This will make the Paragraph dialog
to appear.
3. Make sure that the Borders Tab is selected in the dialog and change the various options that
you can provide with the border.
Application Oriented Questions
1. M
rs Arpita a primary teacher of St. Mary’s School at Dehradun is preparing a comprehension
for her students. She prepared a comprehension which only fills half the A4 size paper (8.27
inches x 11.69inches). Therefore when printed a lot of paper gets wasted. She needs to repeat
the entire comprehension in the second half without rewriting it, so that she can tear off the
paper at the middle and distribute each half to two students, thus saving some paper. Suggest
a suitable method for repeating the comprehension for Mrs Arpita.
Ans. Mrs Arpita can go for Copy-Paste method to repeat the entire comprehension without rewriting
it entirely.
2. Sneha while typing in her Geography project typed the names of the planets as bulleted list:
• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Jupiter
• Saturn
• Uranus
• Neptune
ut the order of the planets should be maintained according to the distance from the sun and
B
therefore the sequence should be maintained. This involves the list to be changed to Numbered list.
Suggest the method by which you will be able to change the above Bulleted list to Numbered list.
Ans. To change the list to Numbered List, select the entire bulleted list and press F12 on the keyboard
to change the list to Numbered List.
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer-II
53
3. S unanda wants to send a Greetings Message for Rathin for his birthday with the following
content:
ut the text looks too formal. Can you suggest Sunanda with some Artistic Text that will provide
B
a funky look to the message?
Ans. Sunanda can use the Fontworks Gallery to get some Artistic Text to write that message. Click on
the Fontwork Gallery button on the Drawing Toolbar to start with Fontworks.
4. S uzane was typing in a Chemistry Project on her she had a chemical equation on reaction of
Potassium Permanganate and Hydrochloric Acid in the following way:
2 KMnO4 + 16 HCI = 2 KCI + 2 Mn C12 + 8 H2O + 5 C12
Which actually should have been written as:
2 KMnO4 + 16 HCI = 2 KCI + 2 Mn C12 + 8 H2O + 5 C12
Suggest a method through which she will be able to change the equation.
Ans. The problem is with the subscripts which is not implemented by Suzane and is therefore shown
in a straight line. She needs to select those text which should be in subscript and click on the
“Subscript” button from the “Standard Toolbar”.
54
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
9
Advanced Features of OpenOffice Writer
A. MCQs.
1. Which menu option of the menu bar is used to Mail Merge a document?
a. View
b. Format
c. Table
d. Tools
Ans. d. Tools
2. Which among the following list of files cannot be used as an Address List in Mail Merge?
a. OpenOffice Calc
b. Microsoft Excel
c. OpenOffice Base
d. OpenOffice Impress
Ans. d. OpenOffice Impress
3. Which option of the Insert menu do you find the way to insert a Mathematical Formula?
a. Formula
b. Maths->Formula
c. Image->Formula
d. Object->Formula
Ans. d. Object->Formula
4. Which of the following action can be performed even after creating a Table?
a. Insert a row
b. Delete a column
c. Merge 2 cells
d. All of these
Ans. d. All of these
5. Automatically formatting parts of a document is called ________________.
a. Autoformatting
b. Table Creation
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
Ans. a. Autoformatting
6. Name the menu option that allows you to ‘Track Changes’ in a document.
a. File
b. Tools
c. Edit
d. Table
Ans. c. Edit
7. To insert a comment in writer use the keyboard combination.
a. Ctrl + C
b. Ctrl + Shift + C
c. Ctrl + Alt + C
d. Ctrl + C + O
Ans. c. Ctrl + Alt + C
8. The Quick key combination to insert a Table into a documents is
a. Ctrl + F10
b. Ctrl + F11
c. Ctrl + F12
d. Ctrl + T
Ans. c. Ctrl + F12
9. Which of the following option is not present in the Drawing Toolbar?
a. Rectangle
b. Arrow
c. Line
d. Image
Ans. d. Image
10. Which among the following options automatically detect and correct typos and misspelled
words?
a. Auto Speller
b. Auto Types
c. Auto Checker
d. Auto Correct
Ans. d. Auto Correct
B. Fill in the blanks.
1.The Find and Replace dialog allows you to search for a text and replace it with another text.
2. The Table button is present in the Standard toolbar.
3.The Autotformat button of the ‘Insert Table’ dialog allows you to add predefined design formats
on a Table.
4. D
ue to Autocorrect option typing in 3 hyphens followed by the ‘Enter’ key will insert a Horizontal
Line.
5. The Auto Correct option can be turned on or off using the Format menu.
6. Mail Merge allows you to send a common letter to multiply recipients.
7. The Ellipes tool of the Drawing Toolbar may be used to draw a circle.
8.The Track Changes is a feature that allows users to keep track of changes a user makes to a
document.
9. The Object option of the ‘Insert’ menu allows you to type in a mathematical formula.
10. The ‘Elements’ window is divided into a segments to show ‘Catagories’ and Symbol.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. You can draw basic shapes using the Standard Toolbar. – F
2. Comments are used to Track Changes in a document. – F
3. You cannot create a new Address List during Mail Merge. – F
4. The Auto Correct option automatically correct typos. – T
5. A
bulleted list is created when you type a hyphen followed by a space or Tab at the beginning of
a paragraph. – T
6. Once a ‘Table’ is created you cannot delete a row. – F
56
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
7. The ‘Find and Replace’ dialog cannot be used to search for multiple occurrence of a word. – F
8. Mathematical Equations invoking fractions cannot be type in a Writer document. – F
9. Combining 2 or more cells in a Table is called Merging. – T
10. The ‘Find’ Toolbar can be activated using the ‘View’ menu. – T
D. SAQs I
1. What is the keyboard combination for finding a text in Writer?
Ans. Ctrl+F
2. What are Tables in Writer?
Ans. Tables in Writer are used to show tabular data in the form of rows and columns.
3. What is Autoformat?
Ans. Autoformat is a feature in Writer that automatically changes the formatting or appearance of
text.
4. What is Mail Merge?
Ans. Mail Merge is a tool in OpenOffice Writer that allows you to produce multiple letters, labels,
envelopes, name tags, and more using information stored in a list, database, or spreadsheet.
5. What is Track Changes option in Writer used for?
Ans. T rack changes is a feature in Writer that allows users to keep track of the changes a user makes
or other users have made to a document.
6. State the menu option that allows you to insert a mathematical formula into a document.
Ans. Insert->Object->Formula
E. SAQs II
1. Can you insert a row into a Table? If so, how?
Ans. Yes it is possible to insert a row into a Table.
To add a new row anywhere in the table quickly, follow these steps:
1. Right-click on any cell and OpenOffice Writer will present you with a popup menu.
2. Click on the Row option and this will present you with a sub menu from which you can select
Insert … option, which in turn will present you with the Insert Rows dialog from which you
can specify the number of rows to be inserted Before or After the current row. Once you are
done click on the OK button.
2. How would you remove a group of columns in a Table?
Ans. To remove a group of columns in a Table the following steps are involved:
1. Select a group of columns.
2. Click on Table->Delete->Columns
Advanced Features of OpenOffice Writer
57
3. State the process of creating Bulleted or Numbered lists using Autoformat.
Ans. A bulleted list is created when you type a hyphen (-), asterisk (*), or plus sign (+), followed by
a space or Tab at the beginning of a paragraph. A numbered list is created when you type a
number followed by a period (.), followed by a space or Tab at the beginning of a paragraph.
Automatic numbering is only applied to paragraphs formatted with the Default, Text body or
Text body indent paragraph styles.
4. W
hat is the function of “Review Comments”? What is the keyboard shortcut for Review
Comment?
Ans. OpenOffice Writer provides comments, which authors and reviewers often use to exchange
ideas, ask for suggestions, or brainstorm during the review process.
Keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + Alt + C.
5. What is the function of using the “Drawing Toolbar”?
Ans. T he Drawing Toolbar allows you to create graphics, such as simple diagrams using rectangles,
circles, lines, text, and other predefined shapes.
F. LAQs
1. How would you perform ‘Find and Replace’ in Writer?
Ans. To use Find and Replace the following steps are involved:
1. Click on Edit->Find & Replace to activate the Find & Replace dialog box.
2. In the Search for text box type in the word which you want to search for and type in the word
in Replace with text box to replace with.
3. Now do one of the following:
• To find the next occurrence of the word or phrase, click on the Find button.
• To replace an occurrence of the word or phrase, click on the Replace button. After you
click on the Replace button, Writer moves to the next occurrence of the word or phrase.
• To replace all occurrences of the word or phrase, click Replace All.
4. To exit from the Find and Replace dialog box, click on the Close button or hit the Esc key on
the keyboard.
2. State the process of merging cells in Writer.
Ans. To merge two or more cells in a table follow these steps:
1. Select a group of cells from a Table using Click and Drag method.
2. Right-click on it and from the popup menu that appears click on Cell->Merge.
3. State the process of splitting a cell in Writer.
Ans. Follow these steps to split a cell in a table:
1. Click on a cell in aTable which you need to split.
2. Right-click and on the popup menu that appears click on Cell->Split…., which in turn makes
the Split Cells dialog box appear.
58
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
3. In the Split cell into you can specify the number of cells you can split into and select either
the Horizontally or Vertically Direction to specify the direction of splitting. Once done click
on the OK button.
4. State the process of creating an Address List in Writer.
Ans. When mail merging a document follow these steps:
1. Click on Select Address List button and this in turn will present you with a Select Address List
dialog.
2. Click on Create button to create an Address List in case you already have one click on Add…
button to select the file containing the Address List.
3. Once you click on the Create button you will be presented with a New Address List dialog.
4. Here you can enter data in predefined field, or you may prefer to customize the field, to get
only selected fields by clicking on Customize button. This in turn will display the Customize
Address List from which you can remove all unwanted fields, add some more fields, or
rename the field name by clicking on Add, Delete or Rename respectively. Once you are
done click on the OK button, which now shows the New Address List dialog with customized
fields, inside which you can enter the data for the fields.
5. State the process of tracking changes made to a document.
Ans.
1. Click on Tools->Options->OpenOffice Writer. A dialog box appears change the Color of
Insertions section to anything (say Chart 10) and click on the OK button. This is to specify
the colour of the text that will be inserted into the document.
2. Click on Edit -> Changes from the menu bar and make sure that the Record and the Show
option is checked.
Now type-in anything into the document and you will see the text in the selected colour and
attribute.
Application Oriented Questions
1. M
r Darpan is writing a Brochure about School Management consisting of 10 pages. He needs
to have two different types of headers on the left page and the right page of the brochure.
Suggest the method for doing the above.
Ans. T o have different headers for left and right pages Mr Darpan needs to add different headers for
even numbered and odd numbered pages using the following steps:
• Click on Format->Page which in turn will start the Page Style dialog box.
• Click on Header or Footer Tab as required and remove the Checkbox select Same content
left/right and click on the OK button.
2. M
r Sarthak keeps an anecdote of all students in his class, which at the end of the year passes
on to the next class teacher for follow up. To facilitate the record he needs to add a page count
for each page, like 1/30, 2/30, 3/30 … as the total number of pages is 30. Suggest him the
procedure for doing do.
Advanced Features of OpenOffice Writer
59
Ans. Mr Sarthak can add a Footer to the document where the Page Number and the Page Count
Fields are to be inserted in the following format:
Page Number/Page Count
Thus he
needs to create a Footer using Insert->Footer->Default from the menu bar and insert
the page number by clicking Insert->Fields->Page Number followed by a slash (/) and then the
page count by clicking Insert->Fields->Page Number from the menu bar.
3. M
r Rajak an architect has a unusual habit of spelling the word Delhi as Delli. This creates confusion
among his clients, but he can hardly control the overall situation as it comes spontaneously.
Suggest some help for Mr Rajak without letting him be extra cautious.
Ans. M
r Rajak can use the Autocorrect feature to add the word and the correct spelling to the
autocorrect list using the following steps:
1. Click on Tools->Autocorrect Options… from the menu bar.
2. In the Autocorrect dialog box select the Replace Tab, if not already selected.
3. In the Replace textbox type “Delli” and in the With textbox type “Delhi” and click on the
New button to add it to the list.
4. Click on the OK button to complete the entry process.
4. M
r Tharur wants to create a document that post the marks in English and Social Studies for
each of the parents in his class, quarterly. He would like to use the Mail Merge feature. Suggest
him the structure of the Address-list that will meet his requirement.
Ans. Structure of the Address List:
Fields
Roll
Name
Class
Section
Eng
SSt
PName
GName
Address1
Address2
60
Description
Roll Number of the Student
Name of the student
Class of the student
Section of the student
Marks in English
Marks in Social Studies
Name of the Parent
Name of the Guardian
First line of the address
Second Line of the address
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
5. Miss Sunita needs to type the following Mathematical formula in an OpenOffice Writer.
E ncircle two elements from the Elements dialog that is required to type in the formula stating
reasons.
Ans.
To create the numerator
and denominator entry
for the fraction.
To represent the log
in the formula for the
numerator.
Advanced Features of OpenOffice Writer
61
10
OpenOffice Impress
A. MCQs.
1. W
hich among the following is not a deck in the Sidebar of OpenOffice Impress?
a. Properties
b. Chart
c. Gallery
d. Custom Animation
Ans. b. Chart
2. W
hich among the following decks in the Sidebar allows you to create, edit and apply Graphics
Styles and Presentation Styles?
a. Properties
b. Styles and Formatting
c. Gallery
d. Custom Animation
Ans. b. Styles and Formatting
3. In which deck of the Sidebar do you find the different layouts?
a. Properties
b. Gallery
c. Custom Animation
d. Master Pages
Ans. a. Properties
4. Which of the following icon represents an OpenOffice Impress file?
Ans. c
5. Which of the following is true for Outline View?
a. It displays only the graphics.
b. It allows you insert new slides.
c. It allows you to remove a slide.
d. It displays topic titles, bulleted lists, and numbered lists only.
Ans. d. It displays topic titles, bulleted lists, and numbered lists only.
6. W
hich among the following views allows you to add some extra information to a slide which is
not viewed during the presentation?
a. Normal View
b. Outline View
c. Notes View
d. Slide Sorter View
Ans. c. Notes View
7. W
hich among the following views allows you to give a thumbnail view of all the slides in a
presentation?
a. Normal View
b. Outline View
c. Notes View
d. Slide Sorter View
Ans. d. Slide Sorter View
8. W
hich one of the following is not a Custom Animation effect?
a. Fly in
b. Appear
c. Jump
d. Checkboard
Ans. c. Jump
9. R
ama is preparing a presentation on her company’s annual performance. She wants some text
present on a slide to fly in from the left when she clicks the mouse. Which of the following feature
should she use?
a. Slide Show
b. Slide Transition
c. Custom Animation
d. Text Animation
Ans. c. Custom Animation
10. Rehman is making his Science Project Presentation on ‘Sustainable Development’ using a
presentation software. He wants to add the phrase ‘Sustainable Development’ at the top of each
page. Which option he should use?
a. Footer
b. Header
c. Watermark
d. Bullets
Ans. b. Header
B. Fill in the blanks.
1.
Slide Transition is applied to a slide that creates an animation that occurs when one slide moves
to another slide during Slide Show.
2. W
hile selecting a group of shapes using the mouse pointer to form a Group you need to hold the
Shift key on the keyboard.
3.The Presentation wizard guides you through the process of creating a Presentation.
4. T he output medium Overhead sheet allows you to create a presentation to be used as overhead
transparencies.
5. A layout is a design template that shows the arrangement of various objects over a slide.
6. A
Placeholder is a box with a dotted outline, designed for the placement of different type of
content on the slide.
7. A slide is a single page of a digital presentation created using OpenOffice Impress.
8. You can access the Page Setup dialog box from the Format option of the menu bar.
9. The Slide Pane of your window shows all slides in the presentation.
10. The Text button is present in the Drawing toolbar.
OpenOffice Impress
63
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. It is not possible to animate an object in a Slide. – F
2. You cannot insert a movie clip in a Slide. – F
3. A slide cannot be removed in a presentation once added. – F
4. The default extension of an Impress file is .odp. – T
5. The
button may be used to create a new presentation. – F
6. The Placeholder allows you to insert only images into a slide. – F
7. T he Slide Transition deck allows you to apply a special effect that plays when displaying a slide
followed by another slide. – T
8. The Rehearse Timings of the Edit menu allows you to change the timings of the slides. – F
9. Handout view is the view that allows you to get a print-out of your slides for a handout. – T
10. The Toolbar shows the thumbnail pictures of the slides in your presentation, in the order they will
be shown during a slide show. – F
D. SAQs I
1. What is a Presentation?
Ans. A Presentation is the process of presenting a topic to an audience using the computer to display
text, graphics and videos.
2. What is a Slide Show?
Ans. A slide show is a presentation of a series of still images on a projection screen or electronic
display device, typically in a prearranged sequence. The changes may be automatic and at
regular intervals or they may be manually controlled by a presenter or the viewer.
3. What is the function of the Presentation Wizard?
Ans. The Presentation Wizard is a guided help in OpenOffice Impress for creating a Presentation. It
consists of a series of dialogues, where the user chooses according to his/her requirement.
4. What is the extension of a presentation file in Impress?
Ans. The extension of a presentation file in Impress is ‘.odp’.
5. What is a Placeholder?
Ans. A placeholder is usually a box with text that indicates the location, font and size of type that the
user will enter.
6. What is the difference between a Header and a Footer?
Ans. A
header is text that appears within the top margin on each slide of a presentation. A footer
appears in the bottom margin of each slide.
7. Which menu option allows you to insert a picture into a slide?
Ans. Insert > Picture > From allows you to insert a picture into a slide.
64
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
E. SAQs II
1. Name the basic elements of a Slide.
Ans. The basic elements of a slide are: Titles and Sub-Titles, Text, Shapes, Pictures, Charts/Graphs,
Audio/Video Clips and Transitions.
2. State the function of:
a. Duration of page
b. Duration of pause
c. Show logo as used with the “Presentation Wizard”.
Ans.
a. Duration of Page: It is used to define the duration of each presentation page.
b. Duration of Pause: It is used to define the pause between each presentation.
c. Show Logo: It is used to specify whether to display the OpenOffice logo during the pause
between each presentation.
3. What is the difference between Normal View and Slide Sorter View?
Ans.
ormal View: It is the view for creating individual slides. This is the main/default view for
N
formatting and designing slides by adding text, graphics, and animation effects.
S lide Sorter View: The view that shows a thumbnail of each slide in order. Using this you may
rearrange the order of slides, produce a timed slide show, or add transitions between selected
slides.
4. What do you understand by the term animation in a slide?
Ans. A
nimating slides involves adding movement and sometimes sound to text or to the slides in a
presentation. Animation can help create a livelier and more entertaining slide show. OpenOffice
Impress provides some preset animation or allows you to customize the animation to fit your
needs.
5. In your own words explain the importance of “Rehearse Timing”.
Ans. OpenOffice assists you in defining the right rehearse timings for automatic slide changes. This is
particularly important to know the display time for each slide, particularly when you are talking
to an audience along with the slide.
6. What is the utility of grouping objects?
Ans. It is often convenient to group objects (like text, image, shapes, etc) together so that they are
treated as a single shape by Impress. A group of shapes can be formatted as if it was a single
shape, moved, rotated, deleted and so on.
OpenOffice Impress
65
F. LAQs
1. Describe the different Slide Layouts in Impress.
Ans. Slide layouts refer to all formatting, positioning, and placeholders for all of the content that
appears on a slide. By default there are 12 types of slide layouts in OpenOffice Impress, which
may be applied to a slide in Impress(fig. 10.1). But before going through this layouts, there are
two important terms associated with layouts:
Title: This is to show the title of the slide or presentation as a whole. The text in a Title is usually
bigger than the rest of the text to draw attention.
Content: Content refers to text which is smaller in size compared to a title and contains some
details. It may also contain Tables, Charts, Pictures and/or Movie clips
2. State the process of adding a Background to a group of slides.
Ans. Follow these steps to apply a background to the page.
1. Click on Format- > Page from the menu bar, which in turn displays the Page Setup dialog box,
from which, choose the Background Tab.
2. Select the type of Fill you want for your background from the five choices i.e.
None, Color, Gradient, Hatching, or Bitmap. A list of choices for the selected Fill type then
appears.
3. Select one of the items on the list and click on the OK button. A confirmation dialog box is
displayed, to specify for the currently selected slide or all the slides in the presentation. Click
on the Yes button to apply the background to all the slides in the presentation or click on No
button to apply the background to the currently selected slide.
66
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
3. State the process of inserting a page number to a slide.
Ans. To insert page number to a slide:
1. Choose View -> Header and Footer. You see a dialog with two tab pages: Slide and Notes and
Handouts where you can enter contents to the predefined areas.
By default, the Date and Time checkbox is enabled, but the format is set to Fixed and the
text input box is empty, so no date and time is visible on the slides.
By default, the Footer checkbox is enabled, but the text input box is empty, so no footer is
visible on the slides.
2. Click on the Slide number checkbox to insert page number to the slide.
3. Click on ‘Apply to All’ button.
4. State the process of animating text in a slide.
Ans.
1. Open a presentation to a slide.
2. Click on the Custom Animation deck of the Sidebar, which in turn will open the Custom
Animation window.
3. Click the text or picture in the slide that you want to add an effect to.
4. In the Modify Effect area, click on the Add… button. (Note the button is inactive until you
select an object in the slide.)
5. Upon clicking the Add… button, it will display a Custom Animation window with host of
animation effects categorized into five Tabs (Entrance, Emphasis, Exit, Motion Paths and
Misc Effects) for the selected text (or object). Click on a particular group.
6. Perform the adequate animation.
OpenOffice Impress
67
5. How would you change the duration of the animation of a text box?
Ans.
To change the duration of the animation of a text box, picture or slide follow these steps:
1. Open a presentation to a slide.
2. Click on the Custom Animation deck of the Sidebar, which in turn will open the Custom
Animation window.
3. Add an animation to an object using the method as discussed earlier.
button beside the Direction drop-down list to bring the Effect Options dialog
4. Click on the
and click on the Timing tab.
5. Set the timings and hit the ‘OK’ button.
6. State the process of ungrouping a collection of objects.
Ans.
nce the group is defined, click on any of the shapes in the group to select the entire group. You
O
may now choose to resize, move or rotate the shapes.
T o ungroup a grouped shape right-click on it and from the popup menu that appears select
‘Ungroup’.
Application Oriented Questions
1. R
imika wants to ensure that there is consistency in design and colour in the presentation that
she is making. What should she do to achieve this?
Ans. To ensure that there is consistency in design and colour in the presentation that she is making
click on Master Pages deck on the Sidebar and edit the design and colour.
2. S olil Harrit wants to insert graphics object in his presentation. Give him names of two graphics
objects which he can insert in his presentation.
Ans. He can either insert:
1. A graphic shape like Rectangle
2. A Fontwork
68
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
3. T hree types of masters exist in presentation software; two of them are slide master and notes
master. Which is the third master?
Ans. The third master is the “Master Elements” which consist of three types of Placeholders namely• Header
• Date/time
• Footer
• Slide number
4. R
eena wants to give her audience a paper copy of her presentation. What should she create
and print?
Ans. R
eena can switch over to Handout View by clicking on the Handout Tab in Presentation area and
create the handouts to be given to the audience.
5. Kamini wants to change the background colour of a slide. Help her by tell the steps involved.
Ans. To change the background colour of a slide the following steps are involved:
1. Click on Format- > Page from the menu bar, which in turn displays the Page Setup dialog box,
from which, choose the Background Tab.
2. Select the type of Fill you want for your background from the five choices namely - None,
Color, Gradient, Hatching, or Bitmap. A list of choices for the selected Fill type then appears.
3. Select one of the items on the list and click on the OK button. A confirmation dialog box is
displayed, to specify for the currently selected slide or all the slides in the presentation. Click
on the Yes button to apply the background to all the slides in the presentation or click on No
button to apply the background to the currently selected slide.
6. P
roneeta has made a presentation for her new ad campaign. The content is ready but she
does not have time to design backgrounds and decide on colour schemes for the presentation.
Name the feature which will help her to create a professional presentation without devoting
much time.
Ans. P
roneeta can click on the Master Pages deck of the Sidebar and select a predefined master
template for the presentation.
7. D
aanish Jayant is not able to understand the difference between Normal View and OutlineView
in Presentation Tool, write one major difference between them.
Ans. N
ormal view is the view for creating individual slides. This is the main/default view for formatting
and designing slides by adding text, graphics and animation effects. Outline view on the other
hand is the view that shows topic titles, bulleted lists and numbered lists for each slide in outline
format.
8. S lide Transition and Custom animations are two options available in Presentation Tools, which
option helps you to include special effects on various text boxes and images during designing a
slide?
Ans. T he Custom animations option helps in including special effects on various text boxes and
images during designing a slide.
OpenOffice Impress
69
9. F areeda is trying to put many pictures and text on a particular slide. Whenever, she is repositioning the text box, all other picture objects shift to different positions. Which option, you
will suggest her to fix positions of all the picture objects in one go in a particular manner?
Ans. She can Group all objects together by selecting all object by clicking on each object while holding
the Shift key on the keyboard and right click to select “Group” from the popup menu.
10. Neel has recently joined an insurance company as Marketing Executive. She is making a
presentation on the company in which she wants to incorporate the following features:
a. Add the company’s logo (stored as a file on her computer) on the first slide.
b. Add the name of the company on the top of each slide.
c. Add a movie clip in the 5th slide.
d. Connect Slide 4 to Slide 9 directly.
e. Add slide numbers automatically at the bottom of each page.
Write commands/features of presentation package using which she can achieve this.
Ans.
a. Click on Insert->Picture->From File… option from the menu bar.
b. Click on View->Header and Footer… option the menu bar.
c. Click on Insert->Movie and Sound from the menu bar.
d. Action button should be used for linking.
e. Click on Insert->Page Number from the menu bar.
11. Ms Meeramani has recently joined a construction company as Marketing Executive. She saw a
presentation about the company. She however is not satisfied with it and wants to make some
changes in it. Using your presentation skills, suggest the features to accomplish the following
changes:
a. Add the company’s logo (stored as a file on her computer) on the first slide.
b. Add audio to each slide to explain the content of the slide.
c. Add an effect while shifting from one slide to another during a slide show.
d. Connect Slide 4 to Slide 9 directly.
e. Add slide numbers automatically at the bottom of each page.
Ans.
a. Click on Insert->Picture->From File… option from the menu bar.
b. Click on Insert->Movie and Sound from the menu bar.
c. Click on Slide Transition deck of the Sidebar.
d. Action Button
e. Click on Insert->Page Number from the menu bar.
70
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
11
Introduction to OpenOffice Calc
A. MCQs.
1. Which among the following OpenOffice package is a spreadsheet application?
a. Writer
b. Calc
c. Impress
d. Base
Ans. b. Calc
2. The default name for a OpenOffice Workbook is ___________________.
a. Workbook1
b. Worksheet 1
c. Sheet 1
d. Untitled 1
Ans. d. Untitled 1
3. What is the total number of rows in a Calc Worksheet?
a. 256
b. 1024
c. 1048576
d. 1048578
Ans. c. 1048576
4. Which of the following constitutes a Cell Reference?
a. It is column name followed by a row number.
b. It is row number followed by a column name.
c. It is row number followed by a hyphen and a column name.
d. It is column name followed by a hyphen and a row number.
Ans. a. It is column name followed by a row number.
5. A Cell range always has the ___________ symbol between the cell references.
a. ; (semicolon)
b. . (fullstop)
c. , (comma)
d. : (colon)
Ans. d. : (colon)
6. The cell which is currently being used is called ______________________.
a. Current Cell
b. Active Cell
c. Start Cell
d. Editing Cell
Ans. b. Active Cell
7. W
hich of the following short cut keys brings the cursor to the last cell on the sheet that contains
data?
a. Ctrl+Home
b. Ctrl+End
c. Ctrl+Page Down
d. Ctrl+Down Arrow
Ans. b. Ctrl+End
8. Which of the following function key is used for editing in a cell?
a. F1
b. F2
c. F3
d. F4
Ans. b. F2
9. The default extension of Calc file is ______________.
a. .odf
b. .odw
c. .ods
d. .odcalc
Ans. c. .ods
10. Which of the following comes under Horizontal Alignment?
a. Left Alignment
b. Right Alignment
c. Center Alignment
d. All of these
Ans. d. All of these
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. In a cell you can have either a Horizontal or/and Vertical alignment.
2. To add a new sheet into a Calc file, click on the Insert menu on the menu bar.
3. To remove a sheet from a Calc file, click on the Edit menu on the menu bar.
4. The default column width in Calc is 2.25 centimetre.
5.
Cell reference refers to a location of a cell which is the column name followed by row number.
6. Use the keyboard combination F2 to activate Format Cells.
7. An intersection point of a row and a column is called a Cell.
8. Maximum 256 number of worksheets may be inserted in a Calc file.
9. By default the Properties deck of a Sidebar is active.
10. The Shift key and the navigating keys(arrow keys) is used to select adjacent cells in a worksheet.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. The default name for worksheets in Calc are Sheet 1, Sheet 2 and Sheet 3. – T
2. By default the Properties deck is shown on the Sidebar in Calc. – T
3. You can create maximum 300 worksheets in a Calc workbook. – F
4. In Calc worksheet there are maximum 1028 columns. – F
5. A cell range is used to represent a group of cells. – T
6. An Active Cell always have a thick border around it. – T
7. The Function Key F3 is used for direct cell editing. – F
8. It is not possible to select an entire worksheet at the click of a button. – F
9. The Cut, Copy and Paste option is present in the Formatting Toolbar. – F
10. The content of an entire row or column cannot be deleted. – F
72
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
D. SAQs I
1. What is the use of Sidebar in Calc?
Ans. The sidebar is a window at the right side which provides access to frequently used tasks when
editing documents.
2. What is the last row heading and column heading in Calc?
Ans. AMJ is the last column heading and 1048576 is the last row heading.
3. Name the Toolbar that contains the ‘Save’ button in Calc.
Ans. Standard Toolbar
4. What is the alignment by default in Calc?
Ans. By default text is left aligned and numbers are right aligned in Calc.
5. State the difference between ‘Shift cells up’ and ‘Delete entire row(s)’ option used with deletion.
Ans. Shift cells up option to fill the space produced by the deleted cell with the cell underneath it.
Delete entire rows(s) option after selecting at least one cell, deletes the entire row from the
sheet.
E. SAQs II
1. State the difference between a Worksheet and a Workbook.
Ans. Worksheet: A worksheet is an object of a spreadsheet program where data is arranged in the
form of rows and columns for manipulation.
Workbook: A workbook is a file in which data in kept in worksheets. Thus a workbook may
contain several worksheets having the default name as Sheet1, Sheet2, Sheet3 and so on. By
default only three sheets (Sheet1, Sheet2 and Sheet3) are shown.
2. What is a cell reference? How would you declare a cell range using a cell reference?
Ans. A
cell reference identifies the location a cell or group of cells in a worksheet. Sometimes referred
to as a cell address, a cell reference consists of the column letter followed by a row number that
intersect at the cell’s location.
3. What is the function of ‘Autofill’? Which menu option allows you to fill up a series using Autofill?
Ans. Calc can identify a progression in a series, when two numbers are filled in two adjacent cells to
fill up the remaining numbers using Autofill.
Menu options: Edit->Fill->Series
4. Name the three methods by which you can edit the contents of a cell in Calc.
Ans. Replace Content, Direct Cell Editing and Formula Bar Editing
5. Name the three alignment types of:
a. Horizontal Alignment
b. Vertical Alignment
Ans. a) Left, Right and Centered
b) Top, Middle and Bottom
Introduction to OpenOffice Calc
73
F. LAQs
1. S tate the process of formatting a group of numbers in Calc, so that it displays 2 digits after the
decimal.
Ans.
1. Select a cell or range of cells.
2. Activate the Format Cells dialog box and click on the Number Tab.
3. Click Number in the Category: list box.
4. In the Decimal places box write 2.
5. Click the OK button.
2. State the process of formatting the appearance of Time in a cell.
Ans.
1. Select the range of cells you want to format.
2. Activate the Format Cells dialog box and click on the Number Tab.
3. Click Time in the Category list box and select the desired time format from the Format: list
box.
4. Click the OK button.
3. State the process of changing the font colour of a group of entries in Calc.
Ans. T o change the font colour of a range of cells, it is necessary to select the range of cells using click
and drag say and click on the ‘Font Color’ button list from the ‘Formatting’ Toolbar.
4. State the process of deleting an entire row in Calc.
Ans. T o delete a row or a column in a worksheet, select the row/column headings that you want to
delete and click on the Delete Rows/Delete Columns option from the popup menu that appears.
Application Oriented Questions
1. N
aina Sharma wants to store data of her monthly expenditure for a period of one year and also
wants to perform some calculations and analysis. Which Office application, will you suggest
Naina should use for this purpose?
Ans. OpenOffice Calc
2. Name the toolbar of Calc which has all the options of changing the font properties.
Ans. Formatting
3. Name the cells included in the range reference A1 : B2.
Ans. A1, A2, B1 and B2.
74
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
4. What will be the cell address of the cell formed by the intersection of:
a. the fifth column and the eighth row?
b. the ninth column and the eighth row?
Ans.
a. E8
b. I8
5. H
ow would you refer to the range starting from 1st column, 1st row and spread till 4th column
and 5th row?
Ans. A1:D5
6. In Calc, what is the column immediately next to column “Z”?
Ans. AA
7. I n Cell Al a certain date is written as 30/04/2015. Suggest a method by which you can make it
display as 30 April 2015.
Ans. To change the date format in the A1 cell follow these steps:
a) Right click on A1 and from the context menu click on “Format Cells” option.
b) Click on the ‘Number’ Tab in the ‘Format Cells’ dialog.
c) Click on ‘Date’ from the ‘Category’ list and from the ‘Format’ list select ‘31 December 1999’
option and click on the ‘OK’ button.
8. Mr Tarini had created a worksheet that looks like this:
s you can see that column B containing Names are overlapping with column C. What should
A
Mr Tarini do so that the names are completely visible.
Ans. M
r Tarini needs to resize the width of column ‘B’ to make the content of that column visible. To
resize the column the following actions need to be performed:
a) Place your mouse pointer to the right edge of column B.
b) The mouse pointer changes to the adjustment tool (double-headed arrow).
c) Drag the Adjustment tool to the right to desired width to make the entire content visible and
release the mouse button.
Introduction to OpenOffice Calc
75
9. A Calc file contains data of the percentage obtained by the students:
Can you tell how the text “First Term” in the cells A1 to A5 has such an Orientation.
Ans. The cells A1 to A5 is merged and the text “First Term” has its orientation changed to 90 degree
with horizontal alignment as centered.
76
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
12
Advance Features of OpenOffice Calc
A. MCQs.
1. Which among the following is the result when a cell contains an entry =7^3?
a. 256
b. 343
c. 341
d. None of these
Ans. b. 343
2. Which among the following mathematical operators have the top most order of precedence?
a. +
b. c. ^
d. *
Ans. c. ^
3. To add up the numbers in cell A1, A2, A3 and A4, which among the following is correct?
a. =A1+A2+A3+A4
b. =SUM(A1;A2;A3;A4)
c. =SUM(A1:A4)
d. None of these
Ans. c and a
4. Which cell constitutes the 5th row and the 3rd column in a Sheet?
a. 5C
b. 5:3
c. 3:5
d. C5
Ans. d. C5
5. Which among the following symbols is used to represent an absolute cell reference?
a. $
b. #
c. %
d. @
Ans. a. $
6. A
formula =B$1 + C$3 + 5 in a cell D9 when copied to F12 will get the formula changed to
_________________.
a. =D1 + E3 +5
b. =B$2 +C$4+5
c. =C$1+D$3+5
d. =D$1+E$3 +5
Ans. d. =D$1+E$3 +5
7. A
formula in a cell that directly/indirectly refers to its own cell is called _________________.
a. Relative Reference
b. Absolute Reference
c. Mixed Reference
d. Circular Reference
Ans. d. Circular Reference
8. If the value in cell C3 contains 75 and the formula in cell D3 is =IF((C3>35);“Good”,“Bad”) what
will it display in D3?
a. Good
b. Bad
c. C3>35
d. Err:532
Ans. a. Good
9. Which among the following charts show trends and variations in data over time using a line?
a. Line Chart
b. Pie Chart
c. XY Chart
d. Bar Chart
Ans. a. Line Chart
10. What is the key in a Chart called?
a. Title
c. Legend
b. Answers
d. Source
Ans. c. Legend
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. A Formula in Calc always begins with a ‘=’ (equal to) symbol.
2. T he kind of cell reference that remain same when copied to another cell is called Absolute Cell
Referencing.
3. T he kind of cell reference that changes relative to its position same when copied to another cell
is called Relative Cell Referencing.
4. Mixed cell referencing is a combination of Relative and Absolute cell referencing.
5. A formula in a cell that directly or indirectly refers to its own cell is called a Circular reference.
6. A Pie chart displays the contribution of each value to the total.
7. A XY chart is based on one data series consisting of a name, a list of x values and a list of y values.
8. A Area chart shows values as points on the y axis with categories on the x-axis.
9. A range of cells containing data that makes a chart is termed as Source data.
10. Chart wizard automates the process of creating a chart.
C. True (T) or False (F).
1. The LARGEST() function allows you to find the largest value in a range. – T
2. You cannot modify a chart after it is created. – F
3. <> is an arithmetic operator. – F
4. A Chart is a pictorial representation of data. – T
5. Calc allows you print selected sheets in a workbook. – T
6. Circular Reference and Mixed Reference is same. – F
7. In a hierarchy of operation in a mathematical expression, the calculation in parenthesis is always
evaluated first. – T
78
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
8. Arguments in a function are separated by . (comma). – F
9. A Line Chart displays the contribution of each value to a total. – F
10. Data Series is the actual charted values of the source data. – T
D. SAQs
1. What are the different mathematical operators and their use in Calc?
Ans.
The different mathematical operators in Calc are:
^ for exponential (to the power of) e.g. 5^2 = 25 as 52=25
+ for addition
- for subtraction
* for multiplication
/ for division
2. What are the three types of Cell Referencing?
Ans. Relative, Absolute and Mixed Referencing.
3. W
hat are the three options that is presented in the ‘Range and Copies’ section when a worksheet
is to be printed?
Ans. All Sheets, Selected Sheets and Selected Cells.
4. What are the rules for using a function?
Ans.
Rules for using a function:
• All functions begin with the = sign.
• After the = sign define the function name (e.g., SUM, AVERAGE).
• One or more arguments-numbers, text or cell references-enclosed by parentheses. If there
is more than one argument, separate each by a semicolon.
E. LAQs
1. Explain Mixed Cell Referencing.
Ans.
ixed cell referencing is a combination of Relative and Absolute cell referencing. As with
M
absolute cell references, the dollar sign ( $ ) is used in mixed cell references to indicate that a
column letter or row number is to remain fixed when copied from one cell to another. Example
$E4, F$6, etc. Note that for the cell reference $E4 the column letter is fixed while the row
number is allowed to change when copied to other cells. For the cell reference F$6, the row
number is fixed while the column letter changes.
Advance Features of OpenOffice Calc
79
2. State the difference between:
a. Line Chart
b. Pie Chart
c. Scatter Chart
d. Bar Chart
Ans.
a. A line chart shows trends and variations in data over time using a line. It displays a series of
points that are connected over time.
b. A pie chart displays the contribution of each value to the total. It is very useful to display
information when you want to represent different parts of the whole, or the percentages of
a total.
c. An Scatter chart in its basic form is based on one data series consisting of a name, a list of x
values, and a list of y values. Each value pair (x|y) is shown as a point in a coordinate system.
d. A bar chart presents grouped data with horizontal bars with lengths proportional to the
values that they represent.
F. Explain the use of the following with respect to Charts.
a. Source Data
b. Axis
c. Data Series
d. X-Axis
Ans.
a. The range of cells containing data that makes a chart is termed as Source data.
b. The vertical and horizontal parts of a chart are called axis.
c. The actual charted values, usually rows or columns of the source data is called data series.
d. The axis identifying each data series is called X-Axis.
Application Oriented Questions
A. W
rite appropriate formula for calculating percentage of marks of a student. Marks
obtained are given in the cell D8 and Maximum Marks are given in the cell D2.
Ans. =D8/D2*100
In the Calc sheet shown below, cell A3, B3 contain numbers, and cell C3 contains a formula.
80
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
What will happen if
a. Contents of cell A3 is changed to 5?
b. Contents of cell B3 are deleted?
Ans.
a. Cell C3 will display 8 instead of 5.
b. Cell C3 will display 8 i.e. the value in A3.
B. Give the following answers with respect to Calc:
1. C
ell A1 contains the number 20 and B1 contains 3. What will be the contents of cell C1, if the
formula =A1+B1*2^3 is entered in cell C1?
2. T he contents of Cell A1, B1, C1 and D1 are 10, -20, 30 & -40 respectively. What will be the value
displayed in cell E1 which contains the formula =MIN(A1:D1)
3. C
ell D3 contains the formula =$B3 + C3 and this formula is copied to cell E3, what will be the
copied formula in cell E3?
Ans.
1. 44
2. -40
3. =$B3 + G3
C. N
ewStyle Fashions maintain their employee salary details in a spreadsheet as
shown below. A sample data of 7 employees is shown below. Write formulas for
the operations (a) to (c) and answer the questions based on the spreadsheet given
below along with the relevant cell address:
Advance Features of OpenOffice Calc
81
1. To calculate the DA as 25 % of BASIC+HRA for each employee and display in column D.
2. To calculate the NETSALARY as BASIC+HRA+DA–PF for each employee and display it in column F.
3. To find the maximum NETSALARY and display in cell F9.
Ans.
1. In cell D2 you may use the formula as =25/100*(B2+C2) and copy the formula to the
remaining cells in column D.
2. In cell F2 you may use the formula as =B2+C2+D2-E2 and copy the formula to the remaining
cells in column F.
3. In cell F9 the entry should be =MAX(F2:F8)
D. Give the following answers with respect to Calc:
1. K
unal has stored the formula =MIN(C1:C5) in cell C6. How will the formula change when copied
to cell D6.
2. If the values in the cells is as given A1 = 5, A2 = 10, A3 = 15 then to continue the series up to A20
which feature can we use?
3. Give an example of mixed referencing.
4. The formula in cell A2 is =B2+C3. On copying this formula to cell C2, what will the formula be?
5. The formula =A1+ $A$2 were entered in cell A3 and then copied into cell B3, What is the formula
copied in to B3?
Ans.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
=MIN(C2:C6)
Fill Series
=$A3+B7
=D2+E3
=B1+ $A$2
E. T ariq Fashions maintain their employee salary details in Calc as shown below. A
sample data of 7 employees is shown below. Write steps for the operations (a)
to (e) and answer the questions (f) to (h) based on the spreadsheet given below
along with the relevant cell address:
82
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
To calculate the DA as 25 % of BASIC+HRA for each employee and display in column D.
To calculate the NETSALARY as BASIC+HRA+DA–PF for each employee and display in column F.
To find the maximum NETSALARY and display in cell F9.
To count the number of employees and display in cell B10.
The Manager wants to know how many employees from the above data are eligible for bonus.
The criteria being that the employees having a net salary greater than 75000 are not eligible
for bonus. Write the formula the Manager should use for achieving the same and display the
number of employees in cell F10.
vi. The manager inserts a column for S. No. in the above spreadsheet. Which feature will help him
automate the typing of sequential numbers in this column?
vii. The manager wants to graphically represent a comparative analysis of the salaries of employees.
Suggest the most suitable chart type for achieving the same.
viii. If the Basic salary of an employee changes, will the manager have to redo all the calculations
for that particular employee? Explain.
Ans.
i. In cell D2 you may use the formula as =25/100*(B2+C2) and copy the formula to the remaining
cells in column D.
ii. In cell F2 you may use the formula as =B2+C2+D2-E2 and copy the formula to the remaining
cells in column F.
iii. In cell F9 the entry should be =MAX(F2:F8)
iv. In cell B10 enter the function =COUNT(B2:B8)
v. = =COUNTIF(F2:F8;”<=75000”)
vi. The Autofill handle is used to automate the typing of sequential numbers.
vii. He can go for Pie Chart for comparative analysis.
viii. No the recalculation is not again required because the formula and functions that are given
changes according to the values in the cells.
F. Give the following answers with respect to Calc:
1. C
ell A1 contains the number 20 and B1 contains 3. What will be the contents of cell C1, if the
formula =A1+B1*2^3 is entered in cell C1?
2. The contents of Cell A1, B1, C1 and D1 are 10, -20, 30 & -40 respectively. What will be the value
displayed in cell E1 which contains the formula =MIN(A1:D1)
3. Cell D3 contains the formula =$B$3+C3 and this formula is copied to cell E3, what will be the
copied formula in cell E3?
4. Cell D3 contains the formula =$B3 + C3 and this formula is copied to cell E3, what will be the
copied formula in cell E3?
5. Cell D3 contains the formula =$B3 + C$3 and this formula is copied to cell E4, what will be the
copied formula in cell E4?
Ans.
1. 44
2. -40
3. =$B$3+D3
4. =$B3 + D3
5. =$B3 + D$3
Advance Features of OpenOffice Calc
83
13
Societal Impacts of IT
A. MCQs.
1. Which field has been benefitted using the Information and Communication Technology Tools?
a. Education
c. Governance
b. Health
d. All of these
Ans. d. All of these
2. Which of the following is a popular travel agency?
a. MakeMyTrip
c. Onlinesbi
b. MagicBricks
d. Who
Ans. a. MakeMyTrip
3. N
ame the act of plagiarism that duplicates noteworthy bits of content straight from a solitary
source, without modification.
a. Ghost Writer
b. Photocopy
c. Potluck Paper
d. Self Stealer
Ans. b. Photocopy
4. N
ame the term that is used to refer the freedom from intrusion by the public, especially as a
right.
a. Plagiarism
c. Governance
b. Privacy
d. Authority
Ans. b. Privacy
5. N
ame the term which is used to refer to criminal activity performed using computers and the
Internet.
a. Stealing
c. Robbery
b. Plagiarism
d. Cyber Crime
Ans. d. Cyber Crime
6. N
ame the type of program that contains hidden malicious functions but look like something
funny or useful such as a game or utility, but harms the system when executed.
a. Spyware
c. Trojans
Ans. c. Trojans
b. Pirated Software
d. Worms
7. _ _______________ is a junk mail which in most cases are useless that are send automatically to
flood the destination email inbox.
a. E-mail
b. Junk
c. Spam
d. Phising
Ans. c. Spam
8. A
n option that is present in any Anti-virus software that disables a virus:
a. Fix
b. Remove
c. Quarantine
d. None of these
Ans. c. Quarantine
9. G
reat Bazaar has employed Yunus Kumar to manage and maintain their networking architecture
and wide area connectivity. Which of these best describes his job profile?
a. Networking Engineer
b. Database Analyst
c. Web Designer
d. Programmer
Ans. a. Networking Engineer
10. Sumriddhi is logging in to her gmail account and one of her friends is trying to peep in and figure
out her password. Which of the following issues is being infringed?
a. Plagiarism
b. Privacy
c. Intellectual Rights
d. None of these
Ans. b. Privacy
11. Sam Niza, who was born in 1995, is thinking of a password for her online bank account. Which
one of the following you would suggest for strengthening the security of her account:
a. sam95
b. a99p54c66
c. samniza1995
d. sam1995
Ans. b. a99p54c66
12. Amit has learnt photo editing and now he is planning to get a career in web designing, which of
the following should he essentially learn:
a. C++
b. HTML
c. Spreadsheet Package
d. Presentation Package
Ans. b. HTML
13. It is an offence as per Cyber Laws to use a software without paying the License Fee to the Copyright
Owner Company if that software belongs to the class of:
a. Shareware
b. Freeware
c. Open Source
d. Proprietary Software
Ans. d. Proprietary Software
B. Fill in the blanks.
1.
E-learning is a combination of the use of digital media, educational technology and ICT in
education.
Societal Impacts of IT
85
2. E-health allows you to transfer health resources and health care by electronic means.
3. E-Governance is the process of using ICT for delivering government services to the nation.
4.
E-Commerce is a term that is used to indicate the process of buying, selling, transferring or
exchanging products or services using ICT tools.
5. P
lagiarism is the act of illegally taking away some other person’s writing, conversation, song, or
even idea and publish or produce it as your own.
6. A
Ghost Writer is generally referred to a writer who authors books without taking credit for it and
remains anonymous.
7. The term privacy refers to the freedom from intrusion by the public, especially as a right.
8. C
ybercrime is a term which is used to refer to criminal activity performed using computers and
the Internet.
9. H
acking refers to a technique used to gain unauthorized access to a computer system or network
and in some cases even making unauthorized use of this access.
10.Spyware programs secretly gather information from the computer it has infected and transmit
the information to a different location.
C. True (T) or False (F):
1. Anti-virus is a software is used to remove or disable virus in your computer. – T
2. Intellectual property rights may be defined as the rights given to persons over the creations of
their minds. – T
3. Programming in C++ is essential for being a Web Developer. – F
4. Geospatial professionals are responsible for developing geographic information. – T
5. P
iracy is the act of illegally taking away some other person’s writing, conversation, song, or even
idea and publish or produce it as your own. – F
6. V
irus is a term which is used to refer to criminal activity performed using computers and the
Internet. – F
7. P
lagiarism refers to a technique used to gain unauthorized access to a computer system or
network and in some cases even making unauthorized use of this access. – F
8. HijackThis is a malicious program that hijacks your browser. – T
9. S pam is a junk mail/mails which in most cases are useless that are send automatically to flood the
destination email inbox. – T
10. Worms are similar to virus but do not depend upon another program to replicate it. –T
D. SAQs I
1. What is Cybercrime?
Ans. Cybercrime is a term which is used to refer to criminal activity performed using computers
and the Internet. This may include instigating or intimidating someone over the internet,
downloading illegal files and stealing millions of dollars from online bank accounts.
86
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
2. What are Antivirus software used for?
Ans. Antivirus software is used to remove, fix or quarantine a virus.
3. How are Trojans different from Worms?
Ans. T rojans refers to a program that contains hidden malicious functions but look like something
funny or useful such as a game or utility, but harms the system when executed. Worms are
similar to virus but do not depend upon another program to replicate it.
4. What is the full form of ICT?
Ans. Information and Communication Technology.
5. What is E-Learning?
Ans. A learning system based on formalised teaching but with the help of electronic resources is
known as E-learning.
6. What is E-Governance?
Ans. E -governance, expands to electronic governance, is the integration of Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) in all the processes, with the aim of enhancing government
ability to address the needs of the general public.
7. What is Plagiarism?
Ans. Plagiarism is the act of taking another person’s writing, conversation, song, or even idea and
passing it off as your own.
8. What is a Spam?
Ans. Spam refers to irrelevant or unsolicited messages sent over the Internet, typically to a large
number of users, for the purposes of advertising, phishing, spreading malware, etc.
E. SAQs II
1. State three ways in which E-Governance helps us.
Ans. E-Governance helps us by:
• The efficacy of the administration and service delivery has drastically improved by
E-Governance.
• Reduced waiting time is one of the benefits of e-governance.
• Citizens that benefit from e-governance does at a minimal cost or no cost at all.
2. Is W3Schools.com an e-learning site? What does it teaches?
Ans. Yes. W3Schools is a web developers site, with tutorials and references on web development
languages such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, SQL, W3.CSS, and Bootstrap, covering most
aspects of web programming.
3. Name three areas in which ICT performs health care.
Ans. Health Information, Education and Training and Health Systems Management.
Societal Impacts of IT
87
4. State three advantages of e-heath.
Ans.
• It allows methods to access electronic medical records, and the ability to access information
about alternative approaches to medical treatment.
• Saves on time one of the major constraints of conventional health care services.
• It improves patient safety – a complete overview of clinical and medication history helps to
avoid potential errors and complications.
5. What is E-Commerce? Does Banking come under E-Commerce?
Ans. E -Commerce (Or Electronic- Commerce) is a term that is used to indicate the process of buying,
selling, transferring or exchanging products.
Yes e-banking comes under E-Commerce.
6. Explain the term ‘Privacy’.
Ans. Literally the term privacy refers to the freedom from intrusion by the public, especially as a
right. Right to privacy is a part of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which ensures that
no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure
established by law. The law thus safeguards the right to privacy as a part of fundamental right
guaranteed under the Constitution, only to that extent unless it is overridden by specific laws
where larger public interest is involved. This means that no rights including the right to privacy
are absolute rights.
7. What is the difference between Hacking and Cracking?
Ans. H
acking refers to a technique used to gain unauthorized access to a computer system or network
and in some cases even making unauthorized use of this access.
In hacking, the attempt is to create something, cracking on the other hand has a primary motive
is to destroy something. Cracking usually does not involve some mysterious leap of hackerly
brilliance, but rather persistence and the dogged repetition of a handful offairly well-known
tricks that exploit common weaknesses at the security of target systems.
8. Generally what are the 3 operations an antivirus can do when a virus scan is performed?
Ans. The 3 operations an antivirus can do when a virus scan is performed are:
• Fix: It cleans a file that is infected with a virus.
• Quarantine: Certain virus may be too difficult to be removed completely, this virus are
disabled and kept in a safe place so that it cannot infect other files.
• Delete: It deletes an infected file along with the virus. Since this option also deletes the
original file which got infected, it should only be used when the previous two options do not
work.
9. What do you understand by the term Intellectual Property Rights?
Ans. Intellectual Property Rights refers to the rights given to persons over the creations of their
minds. These rights give an exclusive right to the creator over the use of his/her creation for a
certain period of time.
88
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
F. LAQs
1. What is E-learning? State one advantage and disadvantage of E-learning.
Ans. E-learning (or Electronic learning) is a combination of the use of digital media, educational
technology and ICT in education.
Advantages of e-learning: Learners have the option to choose learning materials that meets
their level of knowledge and interest.
Disadvantages of its e-learning: It has been that learners with low motivation or bad study
habits may fall behind.
2. What is E-commerce? State one advantages and disadvantage of E-Commerce.
Ans. E-Commerce (Or Electronic-Commerce) is a term that is used to indicate the process of buying,
selling, transferring or exchanging products or services using ICT tools.
Advantages: Overhead cost during any business transaction is reduced considerable.
Disadvantage: Online transaction may make consumers susceptible to fraudulence.
3. What is E-Governance? State one advantages and disadvantageof E-Governance.
Ans. E-Governance (or Electronic Governance) may be defined as using ICT for delivering government
services, exchange of information communication transactions, integration of various standalone systems and services to the citizens of a country.
Advantages of E-Governance
The efficacy of the administration and service delivery has drastically improved by E-Governance.
Disadvantages of E-Governance
eople living in remote areas do not get the benefits of e-governance because of the lack of
P
infrastructure.
4. State the advantages of using E-Commerce
Ans. Advantages of E-Commerce:
• Overhead cost during any business transaction is reduced considerable.
• From the business point of view, supply chain have increased considerably.
5. Describe the different types Plagiarism.
Ans. Plagiarism is the act of illegally taking away some other person’s writing, conversation, song, or
even idea and publish or produce it as your own.
The different types of Plagiarism are Ghost Writer, Potluck, Photocopy etc.
6. What steps can be taken to reduce Plagiarism?
Ans. The steps to avoid Plagiarism are:
1. The most common reason is lack of awareness of plagiarism. So raising students’ awareness
is a starting point.
2. Course works can be devised to reduce their potential for plagiarism. The more specific the
assignment, the less likely it is that candidates will be able to piece together “old” available
material.
Societal Impacts of IT
89
3. Habit of including a bibliography or if an author uses a direct quote from another author’s
work, then you should quote it and cite it properly.
4. It is a good practice to mention the source inside a paraphrase for example: “According
to Richard Feynman, quantum electrodynamics can be described using path integral
formulations.”
7. Name the different career options with Information and Communication Technology.
Ans. The different career options with Information and Communication Technology are:
• Software Development
• Computer Programmer
• Web Developer
• Database Administrator
• IT consultant
• Computer Forensic Investigator
• Health IT Specialist
• Mobile Application Developer
• Software Engineer
• Geospatial Professionals
Application Oriented Questions
1. O
ut of the following list pick out the option(s) that is not a type of Plagiarism: Adding New
Content, Potluck Paper, Ghost Writer, Photocopy.
Ans. Adding New Content
2. A
nurag is interested in developing content for world wide web using programming and
development tools. Suggest an appropriate career for him.
Ans. Web Developer
3. K
adambari wants to book an airline ticket. Can you tell why should she book the ticket using
internet?
Ans. She do not need to stand in a Queue. She can find out trains and locate the train that best suits
her timings and obviously the availability of seats.
4. Define the following terms:
a. Hacking
b. Piracy
Ans.
a. Hacking: Hacking refers to a technique used to gain unauthorized access to a computer
system or network and in some cases even making unauthorized use of this access.
b. Piracy: Software piracy refers to unauthorized copying of software. Most retail programs are
licensed in such a way that it may be used at just one computer or for use by only one user
at any time.
90
Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)
5. F rom the following techniques which one is suitable for maintaining data integrity and which
one is suitable for ensuring security of information?
a. Data encryption and Password protection
b. Backing up data regularly
Ans.
a. Data encryption and Password protection is suitable for ensuring security of information
b. Backing up data regularly is suitable for maintaining data integrity.
6. XYZ Company wants to setup a security for its network of computers having Internet connection.
a. List the measures that the company could take to protect its system from physical threats
such as theft of equipment.
b. The company has lost some of its important data. How do you think the company will be
able to deal with this situation?
c. What other ways could the thieves have used to access the company’s data other than
breaking into the computer room?
d. What measures can the company take to prevent the unauthorized access of data by the
methods discussed in the previous question?
e. Explain what the role of a firewall and anti-virus is.
f. What does ‘encryption’ mean? Explain why it might be useful to protect valuable documents.
g. The school staff has access to the school computer using a user id and password. What rules
should the staff follow when choosing their password?
Ans.
a. Lock, burglar alarm, security guard, CCTV video cameras, etc.
b. The school can recover the data using the backup taken earlier.
c. Hacking the school computer, through internet connection of the school, using somebody’s
user id and password, intercepting the data sent through the school network etc.
d. The company can use:
a. Firewall
b. Anti-virus
c. Strong passwords and audit logs
d. Data Encryption etc.
e. A firewall is a program that filters the information coming through the Internet connection
into a computer or into a network. Anti-virus is special software which is used to detect
viruses and to limit their damage by removing them.
f. Encryption is a method of scrambling data in such a way that only the people who have the
key to unlock the message can read it.
g. Some of the common rules to be followed by the staff when choosing their password are:
a. Passwords should be kept secret at all times
b. Password should not be something that is easy to guess such as your name or date of
birth
c. It should include text and numbers or symbols
d. It should be changed regularly
Societal Impacts of IT
91