Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
General Description
Features
The AP3706 is a high performance AC/DC power supply controller for battery charger and adapter applications. The device uses Pulse Frequency Modulation
(PFM) method to build discontinuous conduction
mode (DCM) flyback power supplies.
·
·
·
·
·
The AP3706 provides constant voltage, constant current (CV/CC) regulation without requiring an optocoupler and secondary control circuitry. It also eliminates the need of loop compensation circuitry while
maintaining stability.
·
·
·
·
·
The AP3706 achieves excellent regulation and high
power efficiency, the no-load power consumption is
less than 200mW at 265VAC input.
AP3706
Primary Side Control for Rectangular Constant
Current and Constant Voltage Output
Eliminates Opto-Coupler and Secondary CV/CC
Control Circuitry
Eliminates Control Loop Compensation Circuitry
Flyback Topology in DCM Operation
Random Frequency Modulation to Reduce
System EMI
Valley Turn on of External Power NPN Transistor
Built-in Soft Start
Open Circuit Protection
Over Voltage Protection
Short Circuit Protection
Applications
The AP3706 is available in SOIC-8 and DIP-8 packages.
·
·
SOIC-8
Adapters/Chargers for Cell/Cordless Phones,
PDAs, MP3 and Other Portable Apparatus
Standby and Auxiliary Power Supplies
DIP-8
Figure 1. Package Types of AP3706
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
1
Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Pin Configuration
M Package
(SOIC-8)
P Package
(DIP-8)
CS
1
8
COMP
BIAS
VCC
2
7
BIAS
6
VDD
OUT
3
6
VDD
5
FB
GND
4
5
FB
CS
1
8
COMP
VCC
2
7
OUT
3
GND
4
Figure 2. Pin Configurations of AP3706 (Top View)
Pin Description
Pin Number
Pin Name
Function
1
CS
2
VCC
Supply voltage
The primary current sense
3
OUT
This pin drives the base of external power NPN switch
4
GND
Ground
5
FB
The voltage feedback from the auxiliary winding
6
VDD
The 5V output of the internal voltage regulator
7
BIAS
This pin sets the bias current inside AP3706 with an external resistor to GND
8
COMP
This pin connects a bypass capacitor for CC function
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
2
Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Functional Block Diagram
VCC
2
UVLO
FB
pro
OVP
&
OCkP
5
6
Regulator
&
Bias
0.1V
COMP
Tonsec
Detector
UVLO
Tons
7
pfm
BIAS
EA
4.0V
S&H
Tons
VDD
Vea
V+
COMP
R
pfm_d
V+
Vea
1
Q
CV_ctrl
pfm
3
Driver
OUT
S
t
CS
COMP
0.5V
pfm
LEB Delay
430ns
pfm_d
COMP
0.46V
VDD
I
Tons
COMP
8
3.75V
COMP
R
Q
CC_ctrl
4
GND
S
0.75*I
Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3706
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
3
Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Ordering Information
AP3706
Package
SOIC-8
-
Circuit Type
E1: Lead Free
G1: Green
Package
M: SOIC-8
P: DIP-8
TR: Tape and Reel
Blank: Tube
Part Number
Temperature
Range
-40 to 85oC
DIP-8
Lead Free
Marking ID
Green
Lead Free
Green
Packing Type
AP3706M-E1
AP3706M-G1
3706M-E1
3706M-G1
Tube
AP3706MTR-E1
AP3706MTR-G1
3706M-E1
3706M-G1
Tape & Reel
AP3706P-E1
AP3706P-G1
AP3706P-E1
AP3706P-G1
Tube
BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "E1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant. Products with
"G1" suffix are available in green packages.
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Parameter
Value
Unit
Supply Voltage VCC
-0.3 to 30
V
Voltage at CS, BIAS, OUT, VDD, COMP to GND
-0.3 to 7
V
FB input (Pin 5)
-40 to 10
V
Internally limited
A
Power Dissipation at TA=25oC
0.657
W
Operating Junction Temperature
150
oC
Output Current at OUT
Storage Temperature
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10s)
Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient
ESD (Machine Model)
-65 to 150
o
C
300
o
C
SOIC-8
190
DIP-8
100
200
o
C/W
V
Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device.
These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated
under "Recommended Operating Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to "Absolute Maximum Ratings" for extended periods
may affect device reliability.
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
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Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Electrical Characteristics
(VCC=15V, TA=25oC, unless otherwise specified.)
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
17
18.5
20
V
6.5
7.3
8.1
V
1.170
1.205
1.240
V
4.75
5.0
5.25
V
VCC = VTH (ST)-0.5V,
RBIAS=200kΩ, Before turn on
70
80
µA
ICC(OPR)
RBIAS=200kΩ
680
900
µA
IOUT
RBIAS=200kΩ
UVLO SECTION
VTH (ST)
Start-up Threshold
Minimal Operating Voltage
VOPR(min) After turn on
REFERENCE VOLTAGE SECTION
BIAS Pin Voltage
VBIAS
VDD Pin Voltage
VDD
RBIAS=200kΩ,
Before turn on
STANDBY CURRENT SECTION
IST
Start-up Current
Operating Current
DRIVE OUTPUT SECTION
OUT Maximum Current
Sink
Source
50
mA
25
30
VCS
485
505
525
mV
VCS(PRE)
385
410
435
mV
CURRENT SENSE SECTION
Current Sense Threshold
Pre-Current Sense
Leading Edge Blanking
430
ns
FEEDBACK INPUT SECTION
Feedback
Current
Pin
Input
Leakage
Feedback Threshold
Enable Turn-on Voltage
10.0
12.5
15.0
µA
VFB
3.90
4.00
4.10
V
VFB(EN)
-0.9
-0.7
-0.5
V
VCOMP
3.42
3.60
3.78
V
VFB(OVP)
7
8
9
V
IFB
VFB=4V
COMP THRESHOLD VOLTAGE SECTION
Turn-on Threshold Voltage
PROTECTION SECTION
Over Voltage Protection
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
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Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Typical Performance Characteristics
19.5
100
90
19.0
Startup Current (µA)
Start-up Voltage (V)
80
18.5
18.0
17.5
RBIAS=200kΩ
17.0
16.5
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
70
60
50
40
RBIAS=200kΩ
30
100
20
-40
120
-20
0
o
750
5.15
700
5.10
650
5.05
VDD (V)
Operating Current (µA)
5.20
600
4.95
500
4.90
RBIAS=200kΩ
0
20
40
60
80
80
100
120
5.00
550
-20
60
Figure 5. Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature
800
400
-40
40
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Figure 4. Start-up Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
450
20
o
Ambient Temperature ( C)
100
4.85
4.80
-40
120
o
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
o
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Figure 7. VDD vs. Ambient Temperature
Figure 6. Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
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Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
120
80
110
70
100
60
Out Source Current (mA)
Start-up Current (µA)
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
90
80
70
60
50
40
100
o
TA=25 C
150
50
40
30
20
10
200
250
300
350
0
100
400
Bias Resistor (kΩ)
o
TA=25 C
150
200
250
300
350
400
Bias Resistor (kΩ)
Figure 9. OUT Source Current vs. Bias Resistor
Figure 8. Start-up Current vs. Bias Resistor
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
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Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Operation Description
Bridge
VIN
Vg
+
VS
C1
LM NP
IS
+
CO
IO
VAUX
Q1
OUT
AP3706
NS
VO
D1
NAUX
IP
FB
GND
CS
RCS
Figure 10. Simplified Flyback Converter Controlled by AP3706
The energy stored in the magnetizing inductance LM
each cycle is therefore:
Figure 10 illustrates a simplified flyback converter
controlled by AP3706.
1
Eg = × LM ⋅ Ipk 2
2
Constant Primary Peak Current
The primary current ip(t) is sensed by a current sense
resistor RCS as shown in Figure 10.
So the power transferring from the input to the output
is given by:
The current rises up linearly at a rate of:
dip (t ) vg (t )
=
dt
LM
1
P = × LM × Ipk2 × f SW
2
................(1)
................(4)
Where the fsw is the switching frequency. When the
peak current Ipk is constant, the output power depends
on the switching frequency fsw.
See equation 2
Constant Voltage Operation
The AP3706 captures the auxiliary winding feedback
voltage at FB pin and operates in constant-voltage
(CV) mode to regulate the output voltage. Assuming
the secondary winding is master, the auxiliary winding
is slave during the D1 on-time. The auxiliary voltage
is given by:
Ip
0A
Figure 11. Primary Current Waveform
As illustrated in Figure 11, when the current ip(t) rises
up to Ipk, the switch Q1 turns off. The constant peak
current is given by:
Vcs
Ipk =
Rcs
................(3)
V AUX =
................(2)
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
N AUX
× (Vo + Vd )
NS
................(5)
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
8
Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Operation Description (Continued)
The relationship between the output constant-current
and secondary peak current Ipks is given by:
Where the Vd is the diode forward drop voltage.
See equation 5
1
Tons
................(7)
Iout = × Ipks×
2
Tons + Toffs
At the instant of D1 turn-on, the primary current
transfers to the secondary at an amplitude of:
0V
2/3 Tons
Ipks =
Tons
NP
× Ipk
NS
................(8)
Figure 12. Auxiliary Voltage Waveform
Thus the output constant-current is given by:
The output voltage is different from the secondary
voltage in a diode forward drop voltage. The diode
drop voltage depends on the current. If the secondary
voltage is always detected at a constant secondary
current, the difference between the output voltage and
the secondary voltage will be a fixed Vd. The voltage
detection point is at two-thirds of the D1 on-time. The
CV loop control function of AP3706 then generates a
D1 off-time to regulate the output voltage.
1 N
Tons
2 N
Iout = × P × Ipk ×
= × P × Ipk
2 NS
Tons + Toffs 7 N S
................(9)
Leading Edge Blanking
When the power switch is turned on, a turn-on spike
will occur on the sense-resistor. To avoid falsetermination of the switching pulse, a 430ns leadingedge blanking is built in. During this blanking period,
the current sense comparator is disabled and the gate
driver can not be switched off.
Constant Current Operation
The AP3706 is designed to work in constant-current
(CC) mode. Figure 13 shows the secondary current
waveforms.
See equation 8
Is
CCM Protection
The AP3706 is designed to operate in discontinuous
conduction mode (DCM) in both CV and CC modes.
To avoid operating in continuous conduction mode
(CCM), the AP3706 detects the falling edge of the FB
input voltage on each cycle. If a 0.1V falling edge of
FB is not detected, the AP3706 will stop switching.
Iout
0A
Tons
Toffs
Figure 13. Secondary Current Waveform
OVP & OCkP
The AP3706 includes output over-voltage protection
(OVP) and open circuit protection (OCkP) circuitry as
shown in Figure 14. If the voltage at FB pin exceeds
8V, 100% above the normal detection voltage, or the
-0.7V falling edge of the FB input can not be
monitored, the AP3706 will immediately shut off and
enters hiccup mode. The AP3706 sends out a fault
detection pulse every 8ms in hiccup mode until the
fault has been removed.
In CC operation, the CC loop control function of
AP3706 will keep a fixed proportion between D1 ontime Tons and D1 off-time Toffs by discharging or
charging the capacitance connected in COMP pin. The
fixed proportion is
Tons 4
=
Toffs 3
................(6)
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
9
Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Operation Description (Continued)
FB
COMP
pro
8V
R
Q
S
COMP
-0.7V
Timer_8ms
UVLO
Figure 14. OVP and OCkP Function Block
Typical Application
Bridge
T1
D2
5V/1A
VO+
+
J1
AC 85-264V
C1
R1
+
C2
R6
Z1
C6
D1
+
VOR2
Q1
VCC
CS
OUT
R9
AP3706
R3
BIAS
C5
FB
GND COMP
VDD
R7
R4
R5
C3
C4
R10
R11
R8
Figure 15. 5V/1A Output for Battery Charger of Mobile Phone
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
10
Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Mechanical Dimensions
SOIC-8
4.700(0.185)
5.100(0.201)
7°
Unit: mm(inch)
0.320(0.013)
1.350(0.053)
1.750(0.069)
8°
8°
7°
0.675(0.027)
0.725(0.029)
D
5.800(0.228)
1.270(0.050)
6.200(0.244)
TYP
D
20:1
0.300(0.012)
R0.150(0.006)
0.100(0.004)
0.800(0.031)
0.200(0.008)
0°
8°
1.000(0.039)
3.800(0.150)
4.000(0.157)
0.330(0.013)
0.510(0.020)
0.190(0.007)
0.250(0.010)
0.900(0.035)
1°
5°
R0.150(0.006)
0.450(0.017)
0.800(0.031)
Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional.
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
11
Data Sheet
PRIMARY SIDE CONTROL IC FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGERS
AP3706
Mechanical Dimensions (Continued)
DIP-8
Unit: mm(inch)
0.700(0.028)
7.620(0.300)TYP
1.524(0.060) TYP
6°
3.200(0.126)
3.600(0.142)
3.710(0.146)
4.310(0.170) 4°
4°
0.510(0.020)MIN
3.000(0.118)
3.600(0.142)
0.204(0.008)
0.360(0.014)
8.200(0.323)
9.400(0.370)
0.254(0.010)TYP
0.360(0.014)
0.560(0.022)
5°
6°
2.540(0.100) TYP
0.130(0.005)MIN
6.200(0.244)
6.600(0.260)
R0.750(0.030)
Φ3.000(0.118)
Depth
0.100(0.004)
0.200(0.008)
9.000(0.354)
9.600(0.378)
Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional.
Jan. 2013 Rev. 1. 5
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
12
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http://www.bcdsemi.com
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