Topic: Keystone Species and Trophic Cascades What is a "keystone?" Which stone do you think is the most important? What is a "keystone?" Keystone Species= A species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically. Example: Otters Example of a Keystone Species: Bees · Bees pollinate plants, which is key to plant survival. · As plants get pollinated, they produce fruit, which other species rely on heavily. · It is thought that Albert Einstein predicted that if bees disappear from our planet, man would only have 4 years left to live. Example of a Keystone Species: Fig Tree · During parts of the year the Fig tree is the only tree producing fruit, which many species rely on for survival. · Once the tree dies, the hollow trunk provides a habitat for thousands of organisms (reptiles, birds, invertebrates) What is a trophic cascade? A trophic cascade occurs when predators limit the density or behavior of their prey and thereby enhance the survival of the next lower trophic level. Who do you think is a keystone species in this food web? Based on the number of arrows, the mouse plays a large role in this community. If the mouse population died off, who would be affected? (Trophic Cascade) X Think of a trophic cascade like a domino effect- once one organism is affected everyone else gets affected too! Why are wolves in Yellowstone National Park so important? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysa5OBhXz-Q&t=18s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysa5OBhXz-Q&t=18s Opinion: Do you think humans are a keystone species? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guh7i7tHeZk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guh7i7tHeZk If you are satisfied with this lesson, please leave positive feedback! Thanks! Copyright ©2017 Science Rocks All rights reserved by author. Permission to copy for single classroom use only. Electronic distribution limited to single classroom use only. Not for public display.