Unit 4: Planning for a Health career
A career is an occupation or profession that requires special training.
Health careers are designed to familiarize students with the various careers in the medical profession and allied health services.
Why pursue a health career?
YOU’LL MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN PEOPLE’S LIVES
• Good salary
• Job Security
• Do work that interests you
• Find a health career that fits your educational plans
• A clear path to advancement
• Work with people (or not)
What are the components and steps in making a health career plan?
1. Self-Assessment
Discover your personal strengths thro ugh self-assessments (values, interests, personality, testing, skills, etc.
2. Career Exploration
You can explore different careers and work environments through career fairs, online research, meetings, internships, alumni connections, professional resources
3. Decision Making
Before you decide on taking a career that works for you, you can evaluate and narrow down your options through listing the pros and cons, comparing your personal strengths and interests, and deciding which career fulfills both current and future goals.
4. Plan of Action
Plan achievable goals and develop strategies to reach your goals, organize your goals into smaller steps, identify actions for each step, utilize helpful people and resources, review and adapt your plan regularly
What are examples of health career pathways?
1. Disease Prevention and Control
People who specialize in this career path focus on communicable and non-communicable diseases. Their work includes immunization, screening of newborns, promotion of breastfeeding, infant diseases prevention, adolescent healthcare, and life skills.
Sample Careers:
Community Health Work
Education and Research
2. Personal Healthcare
Professionals in this field perform healthcare related tasks in a personal care level. These include monitoring patients; administering and assisting in personal care and hygiene; performing housekeeping duties; and advising clients on related healthcare issues like infant care, hygiene and nutrition.
3. Maternal and Child Care
These health workers deal with complex public health issues that affect women, children and their families. These include providing information on reproductive health, family planning, healthcare of pregnant women and their children, and improvement of health delivery system through advocacy, education and research.
Sample Careers:
Midwifery
Community Health Educator
Outreach Specialist
4. Mental HealthCare
These medical professionals specialize in dealing with interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships and life skills. These include cognitive and psychosocial development, promotion of healthy self-esteem through feelings and anger management and identifying warning signs or red flags of learning disorders, such as ADHD, anxiety, mood disorders, stress, and bullying.
Sample Careers:
Social Work
Clinical Psychology
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Psychiatry
Guidance Counseling
5. Community Healthcare
Specialists in this area focus on the maintenance, protection, and improvement of the health of all community members.
Sample Careers:
Barangay/Community Health Work
Rural Sanitary Inspection
6. Environmental Healthcare Management
These health workers try to establish the correlation between and among the physical, chemical, biological, social, and psychosocial factors in the surrounding environment. These include monitoring the quality of environment and impact of human activities on ecosystems, and developing strategies for restoring ecosystems.
Sample Careers:
Air quality monitoring
Soil science analysis
Hazardous and solid waste management
Environmental noise control
Radiological assessment
7. Drug Prevention and Control
People whose careers revolve around this area seek to reduce community and individual problems related to alcohol and drug abuse through evidence-based programs and policy advocacy.
Sample Careers:
Drug Enforcement
Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
8. Nutrition
Specialists in this area find ways to balance individuals’ food and nutrition and their impact on patients’ health. These include meal planning, food preparation and economics.
Sample Careers:
Clinical Dietetics
Food and Nutrition Management
Public Health Nutrition
Education and Research
9. Health Education
Those who work in this field are tasked with promotion of healthcare and training of health workers on managing change in healthcare. Their work involves assessing individual and community needs, planning, implementing and evaluating health programs, promoting the understanding of various health-related bahaviors plus coordinating health education services.
Sample Careers:
Education and Research
Community Health Work
10. Dental Health
Dental health workers deal with various oral conditions which include chronic mouth and facial pain, oral sores, periodontal (gum) disease, tooth decay and tooth loss, other diseases and disorders that affect the oral cavity, and risk factors for oral diseases which include unhealthy diet, tobacco use, harmful alcohol use, and poor oral hygiene.
Sample Careers:
Dental Hygiene
Dental Nursing
Dental health support
11. Occupational Safety
Careers in this path are related to the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. These include protecting workers from sickness, disease, and injury arising from possible hazards of their employment and workplace.
Sample Careers:
Occupational Health and Safety Technician
Health Inspector
Industrial Hygienist
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12. Emergency Medical Services
People assigned in this work specialize in out-of-hospital medical care. Their skills include first-aid procedures, emergency medical treatment and transport of patients, rapid emergency medical response and immediate medical attention.
Sample Careers:
Emergency Medical Aid
Paramedic
MEDICAL AND ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSION
Along with medical professions, there are hundreds of allied health professions which complete the workforce in contributing to the whole-person care of patients, support to healthcare professionals, and the efficient operation of healthcare organizations.
Medical and Allied Health Professions
The medical profession is a group of individuals qualified to practice medicine. Allied health professions, on the other hand, are lines of work that still deal with healthcare, but are distinct from medicine.
They have distinct and specialized knowledge and skills that actively work with people accessing health and disability that are offered services across a range of settings. These professions include clinical laboratory or medical technology, physical therapy, occupational therapy, dietetic services, medical record personnel, radiologic services, speech-language pathology and audiology, and respiratory therapy.
Allied health professionals are healthcare practitioners with formal education and clinical training credentials through certification, registration and/or licensure. They collaborate with physicians and other members of the healthcare team to deliver high quality patient care services for the identification, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disabilities, and disorders.
Technicians are those who undergo training to perform specific procedures. They are required to work under the supervision of technologists or therapists. This category includes physical therapy assistants, medical laboratory technicians, radiological technicians, occupational therapy assistants, recreation therapy assistants and respiratory therapy technicians.
Therapists or technologists have more intensive training, which includes acquiring procedural skills. They evaluate patients, diagnose conditions, develop treatment plans, and understand the rationale behind various treatments in order to judge their appropriateness and potential side effects. They also assess patients’ responses to therapy and make appropriate decisions about continued treatment or modification of treatment plans. Furthermore, they are licensed to perform these tasks.
Allied health professionals provide services and engage in activities which include:
prevention - keep illness or injury from happening
assessment/evaluation - appraisal of the condition based on the patient’s subjective report
identification/diagnosis - analysis based on signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings
treatment - management and care of a patient or the combating of disease or disorder
rehabilitation/habilitation - treatment designed to recover from injury, illness, or disease towards a normal condition as possible
advocacy - a method by which patients, their families, attorneys, health professionals, and citizens’ groups can work together to develop programs that ensure the availability of high-quality healthcare for a community
promotion of health and well-being - the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improving their health
education - the process of sharing and gaining knowledge
research - the diligent inquiry or examination of data, reports, and observations in a search for facts or principles
What are the allied health professions that we presently have in the Philippines?
1. Audiologist – identifies and rehabilitates hearing impairments and related disorders
2. Chiropractor - diagnoses and treats neuromuscular disorders, with emphasis on treatment through manual adjustment and/or manipulation of the spine.
3. Clinical psychologist - assesses, diagnoses, treats and helps prevent mental disorders
4. Dietitian / Nutritionist - promotes good health through proper diet and treatment of diseases
5. Emergency Medical Technician – also known as ambulance technician; responds quickly to any emergency and lifethreatening situation to immediately treat serious injuries, physical or mental trauma to increase a patient’s chances of survival
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6. Guidance Counselor - assists students with personal, family, education, and career decisions and concerns; also helps them develop job-finding skills and other life skills needed to prevent and deal with problems
7. Health Educator - specializes in health education and promotes the development of health knowledge, life skills, and positive attitudes toward the health and well-being of students
8. Massage Therapist - performs the scientific manipulation of the soft tissues of the body for the purpose of normalizing those tissues; uses manual techniques that include applying fixed or movable pressure on affected parts of the body
9. Medical assistant – performs, under the direction of a physician, various routine administrative and nontechnical clinical tasks in hospitals, clinics, and other similar facilities
10. Medical technologist – performs a variety of tasks on body fluids, from simple blood tests to more complex tests to uncover abnormalities in the body, and underlying causes of illnesses, such as HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and cancer which are not easily detected through physical examination
11. Midwife - professionals with the expertise and skills in helping women maintain healthy pregnancies, assist in or perform childbirth delivery, and help in women’s recovery process through the postpartum period
12. Nurse - trained to provide care for people who are sick or injured; monitors patients’ health and records symptoms, assists physicians during examinations and treatment, and administers medications.
13. Occupational therapist - uses purposeful activity and interventions to maximize the independence and health of any client who is limited by physical injury or illness, cognitive impairment, psychosocial dysfunction, mental illness, or learning disability
14. Orthotist/Prosthetist – makes and fits prosthetics or artificial parts for the human body
15. Paramedic - gives emergency medical treatment or assists medical professionals in emergency situations
16. Pharmacist - prepares and dispenses medication prescribed by licensed health professionals; also provides information to patients regarding drugs, and consults with healthcare professionals on advances in drugs or medicine
17. Radiologic Technologist/Radiographer - healthcare professionals who perform imaging procedures, such as x-ray examinations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans and Computed Tomography (CT) scans (health careers.org)
18. Physical Therapist - examines, evaluates, and treats physical impairments through use of special exercise, application of heat or cold, and other physical modalities
19. Speech Language Pathologist - diagnoses and treats patients with functional and organic speech defects and disorders
20. Phlebotomist - professionals with special training in phlebotomy or drawing blood from patients
21. Radiation therapist - administers radiation therapy services to patients and observes patients during treatment; other duties may include tumor localization, patient follow-up, patient education, and record keeping
22. Respiratory therapist - specializes in the promotion of optimum cardiopulmonary function and health; regularly deals with various chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and emphysema
23. Social Worker - investigates, treats, and gives aid to people with social problems and helps people with mental illness, serious health conditions, financial difficulties, substance abuse problems, domestic or child abuse, unwanted pregnancy and other social problems
There are also allied medical professions whose specialized training is available in other countries.
1. Cardiovascular technologist - uses imaging technology to help physicians diagnose patients with cardiac (heart) and peripheral vascular (blood vessel) ailments
2. Clinical officer - performs general medical duties such as the diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury, recommendation and interpretation of medical tests, performance of routine medical and surgical procedures, and referral of patients to other practitioners
3. Dental hygienist - specializes in the removal of calcaneous deposits and stains from patients’ and provides additional services and information on prevention of oral diseases
4. Diagnostic medical sonographist - uses ultrasonic imaging devices to produce diagnostic images, scans, videos, or 3D volumes of patients’ anatomy
5. Kinesiotherapist - develops and monitors exercise programs to help people regain muscle strength and function lost due to injury or disease
6. Neurophysiologist - specializes in the diagnosis of conditions affecting the nervous system such as neuromuscular diseases, epilepsy, and nerve entrapments
7. Medical dosimetrist - designs treatment plans for patients by means of computer and/or manual computation to determine a treatment field technique that will deliver the prescribed radiation dose while taking into consideration the dose-limiting structures
8. Medical radiation scientist - performs complex diagnostic imaging studies on patients and plans and administers radiation treatments
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9. Music therapist - uses music within a therapeutic relationship to address a client’s needs, such as facilitating movement and physical rehabilitation, motivating the client to cope with treatment, providing emotional support, such as an outlet for expressing their feelings through music
10. Nuclear medicine technologist - performs imaging procedures using radioactive drugs and materials to make diagnostic evaluations of the anatomic or physiologic conditions of the patient’s body, and facilitates therapy with the use of unsealed radioactive sources
11. Orthoptist - investigates, diagnoses and treats defects of binocular vision and abnormalities related to eye movement; involves seeing patients of all ages from infants to the elderly1
12. Pedorthist - are foot orthotic and orthopedic footwear experts trained in the assessment of lower limb anatomy and muscle and joint function
13. Perfusionist - assists in performing procedures that involve extracorporeal circulation, such as during open-heart surgery or hypothermia
14. Surgical technologist - a member of the surgical team who serves as a scrub technician or as a circulator
HEALTH CAREER ORIENTATION PROGRAM
A Health Career Orientation is an activity –based career exploration to broaden your knowledge about careers in the health field. Health career orientation helps you to:
of educational training and resources for both academic and vocational fields
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