Blept: English major Which element of poetry refers to words that appeal to the senses through vivid representation of an object in reality? Imagery Visual Imagery Sensory Querida The door is closed, curtains drawn within One room a brilliant question mark of light Outside her gate, an empty limousine Waits in the brimming emptiness of night. In terms of structure, the short story writer can also give readers a series of clues that will show upcoming events. What technique for short story structuring is this? Foreshadowing Flashback (going back to related incidents which occurred prior to the beginning of the story) Foreshadowing (using hints or clues to indicate events that will occur later in the story) Similar with fiction and poetry, drama draws out a particular mood or attitude from an element called __________________. Tone What figure of speech is characterized by the addressing of someone dead, inanimate or absent considered to be alive and has the capability to reply to what is being said? Apostrophe For what were you before the birth of the daystar, O my Soul where were you in that deep and darkest night? --- Leonides Benasa, “Fragments: The Deserts of God” This type of drama is intended to make the audience laugh through slapstick dialogue and actions of the characters. How do you call this? Farce Tragedy Melodrama Types of Drama Comedy Farce Poets, mostly, use connotations in order to enrich the meaning of their lines by saying more in fewer words. Which of the following is an example of a connotation for the word spring? Hope and joy This is a type of metrical foot that consists of one short syllable or one unstressed syllable followed by one long or stressed syllable. What is this? Iamb Name of Foot Pattern of Accent Iambic (x /) Unaccented, Accented That time of year thou mayst in me behold Trochaic (/ x) Accented, Unaccented Tell me not in mournful numbers Anapestic (x x /) Unaccented, Unaccented, Accented And the sound of a voice that is still Dactylic (/ x x) Accented, Unaccented, Unaccented This is the forest primeval, the murmuring pines and the hemlock Spondaic (/ /) Accented, Accented Break, break, break/ On thy cold gray stones, O Sea! Name of Feet/Line Measure One foot Monometer Two feet Dimeter Three feet Trimeter Four feet Tetrameter Five feet Pentameter Six feet Hexameter Seven feet Heptameter Eight feet Octameter iambic pentameter (5 iambs, 10 syllables) That time | of year | thou mayst | in me | behold trochaic tetrameter (4 trochees, 8 syllables) Tell me | not in | mournful | numbers anapestic trimeter (3 anapests, 9 syllables) And the sound | of a voice | that is still Content Words Category Description Examples nouns people, places, things, and ideas Patty, Seattle, cars, happiness main verbs verbs without auxilliaries ran, swim, thinks adjectives words that describe nouns red, soft, careful adverbs (except adverbs of frequency) words that describe verbs calmly, quickly, carefully question words words that denote a question who, what, where, when, why negatives words that negate not, never Function Words Category Description Examples auxiliary verbs verbs that support the main verbs am, are, has, could, should prepositions words that tell relation to other words at, on, to, near conjunctions words that tie clauses together and, so, but, however determiners words that give detail to nouns a, an, the, some, any pronouns words that replace nouns I, it, we, they, he, she All I could see from where I stood Come live | with me | and be | my love Shall I l com pare l thee to l a sum l mer’s day? Iambic Tetrameter I do not like green eggs and ham. I do not like them, Sam-I-Am. The lines, “Her coos and cry / Are now all echoes”, from Mae Monteclaro Roca’s Amira is an example of what type of imagery? Auditory imagery Which of the following lines uses onomatopoeia? , Buzz a buzzer, clang a bell, An early evening, like croaking Of the frogs, evoking memories lost. --- Ralph Semino Galan, “Cartanella” The theme refers to the central message, concern, or insight into life expressed through a literary work. Which of the following is perfect example of a theme? Love Theme Motif Symbol, as a literary device, refers to an object that stands for another object or idea. When a symbol has basically the same meaning to people of various geographies, time periods and cultures, it is considered as _______________. Universal Which among the following techniques of plot structuring refers to an unexpected conclusion that usually renders readers shocked? Twist The following lines is an example of what type of figure of speech: “Sunflowers pushed/Out of the shadows/Betrayed into tracking/The sun.”? Personification In fiction, a character that exhibits noticeable development is considered to be _____________________. Dynamic Kinds of Characters According to Principality Protagonist – character who has a particular goal to achieve in life Antagonist – character who goes against the goal of another character Kinds of Characters According to Development Dynamic – exhibits noticeable development Static – exhibits no changes and development Kinds of Characters According to Personality Round – displays different/multiple personalities throughout the story Flat – remains the same throughout the story Which among the following types of plot presents a story that commences in the middle part of the action? En Medias Res Linear Plot Circular Plot • Moves with natural sequence of events where actions are arranged sequentially • Linear development of the story merges with an interruption in the chronological order to show an event that happened in the past En Media Res • Starts in the middle part of the story Metonymy is a figure of speech which uses one word to stand for a related term. Which of the following lines employs this figurative language? To say that the crown will have an heir Synecdoche naming of parts to suggest the whole Respect is due for snowy hair Life they lived is beyond compare --- Anonymous Alliteration is the repetition of similar and accented sounds at the beginning of words. Which of the following lines is a perfect example of alliteration? “In a somer seson, whan soft was the sonne…” Which narrative point of view has a narrator that tells only what he can see or hear “inside the world” of the story? Third-Person Limited Point of View Third Person Omniscient Third Person Limited First Person Types of Point of View Third Person Editorial Third Person Central The First Person Point of View You can easily identify the first person point of view by the use of I, me, and myself in the narrative. The Protagonist. He or she is the main character in the story. The protagonist shares what happens to him first-hand, along with commentary. A Secondary Character. This character may not be who the story is about, but can relate his or her experiences within the context of the story and usually has a relationship with the protagonist. The Observer. This type of narrator witnesses the story but has limited or no participation in the story. The Unreliable Narrator. This type of narrator cannot be trusted to accurately convey the story. He or she is skewed. Third Person Point of View Third person can give you the author (and your readers) a more global view of what’s happening in the story. Third Person Limited. This point of view follows only one person throughout the story. Third Person Multiple. This point of view can follow multiple people, switching back and forth between their individual stories or perspectives. Third Person Omniscient. The omniscient narrator knows everything about everyone. It also knows everything about the world within the story. Nothing in the past, present, or future is off limits or hidden from view. Point of view focuses on the type of narrator used to tell the story Perspective focuses on how this narrator perceives what’s happening within the story Which aspect of the character of a drama refers to the inner mechanism of the mind of the character as exemplified by his desires, longings and attitudes? Psychological Which type of conflict shows an individual having a dilemma or personal struggle? Person vs. Self This part of the plot is considered to be the peak of the story since it is the point of the greatest emotional intensity and suspense. Which part is this? Climax How many feet are there in a hexameter? Six Which figure of speech shows contrast between appearance and reality? Irony Irony – contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality • Neither is man aware of the unkind / flight of time; for, though it gives him life, / It is dragging him nearer his grave. --- Juan de Atayde, “The Man” Oxymoron – putting together two opposite ideas in one statement • “Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health! / Still-waking sleep, that is not what it is! / This love feel I, that feel no love in this.” --- Romeo from William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet Paradox – phrase or statement that seems to be impossible or contradictory but is nevertheless true, literally or figuratively • This shows / The absolute necessity / Of what has “no use.” --- Chuang Tzu, “The Useless” Irony / Paradox / Oxymoron Irony: He was the cleverest general that ever lost a battle. Paradox: The more things a man is ashamed of the more respectable he is. Oxymoron: James the first was the wisest fool in Christondom. What rhyme scheme is employed in the following lines lifted from William Blake’s The Tiger: Tiger! Tiger! burning bright! / In the forests of the night, / What immortal hand or eye / Could frame thy fearful symmetry? aabc Rhyme Scheme the pattern of rhyme form that ends a stanza or a poem; designated by the assignment of a different letter of the alphabet to each new rhyme Tiger! Tiger! burning bright! In the forests of the night, What immortal hand or eye Could frame thy fearful symmetry? Among the following lines taken from Robert Browning’s Meeting at Night, which contain olfactory images? Then a mile of warm sea-scented beach; What does Francis Bacon mean by the following lines mentioned in his essay, Nobility: “We will speak of nobility first as a portion of an estate, then as a condition of particular persons.”? That nobility is based on land ownership and reputation Which of the following lines is an example of an internal rhyme? Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Perfect Rhyme is a case in which two words rhyme in such a way that their final stressed vowel and all following sounds are identical e.g. sight and light, right and might, rose and dose etc. General Rhyme refers to a variety of phonetic likeness between words Assonance aka Slant Rhyme repetition of similar accented vowel sounds “Thou still unravished bride of quietness, Thou foster child of silence and slow time.” --- Ode on a Grecian Urn Consonance repetition of similar consonant sound typically within or at the end of words. “Out of this house --- said rider to reader” --- O Where Are you Going? End Rhymes also called as sight or spelling rhymes, refer to words having the same spelling but with different sounds e.g.’s cough and bough love and move Rhymes According to Position Tail Rhyme the most common type of rhyme and it occurs in the final syllable of a verse or line “Twinkle, twinkle little star How I wonder what you are.” Rhymes According to Position Internal Rhyme this type of rhyme in which a word at the end of a verse rhymes with another word in the same line “Just turn me loose let me straddle my old saddle, Underneath the western skies, On my cayuse let me wander over yonder, ‘Til I see the mountains rise.” Rhymes According to Position Holo Rhyme type of rhyme in which all the words of two entire lines rhyme “In Ayrshire hill areas, a cruise, eh, lass?” “Inertia, hilarious, accrues, helas!” Tercet a poetic stanze made of three rhyming lines Since I've stopped completing dinner, My waist has slowly gotten thinner. I think this diet is a winner! Couplet I think I shall never see A poem lovely as a tree. --- Joyce Kilmer, Trees What kind of poem is this: “There once was a man from Peru Who dreamt he was eating his shoe. He awoke in a fright In the middle of the night And found it was perfectly true.” Limerick What figure of speech is used in the sentence below? "I can eat a whole cow." a. Hyperbole Time is a pair of scissors And life, a bolt of brocade When the lost section is done The scraps are committed to a bonfire. The key idea expressed in the stanza above is the _____. d. cruelty of time J.K. Rowling is the sensational British writer known for the multi-million selling Harry Potter Book series. What do the initials J.K. of her name stand for? Joanne Kathleen Who among the following is considered as the Mother of American Poetry? Emily Dickinson Which Nigerian author is known for his internationally acclaimed novel, Things Fall Apart? Chinua Achebe Which among the following is considered to be the foremost master of the haiku? Matsuo Basho Which Indian epic tells of the story of an heir to the throne of Kosalas who was banished by his own father for fourteen years and lived a life as a hermit in that period? Ramayana Which Asian mythology do Izanagi and Izanami belong to? Japanese Which of the following works by German writer, Franz Kafka, tells the story of George Samsa, who wakes up one morning to find out that he becomes an insect? The Metamorphosis The English sonnet is a modification made by William Shakespeare, from the Italian sonnet created by which Italian poet? Francesco Petrarch The Divine Comedy is a classical masterpiece that is divided into three sections--Inferno, Purgatorio and Paradiso. This traces the so-called journey of Dante into those three destinations of souls of the dead. In this journey, Dante is guided by whom? Virgil Since Heracles killed his wife, Megara, and his children in a fit of madness sent by Hera, Heracles was punished by Eurystheus to perform how many labors? 12 Who among the following Latin American writers penned the Twenty Love Poems, a collection of love poems? Pablo Neruda Who among the following American writers wrote the Leaves of Grass? Walt Whitman Which Russian writer is known for Anna Karenina, one of the greatest novels in literature? Leo Tolstoy The Arabian Nights consists of stories that are loosely tied together by a frame story which features a woman who tricked her cruel sultan husband from delaying her execution by narrating a tale and leaving it unfinished. What is the name of this female character? Scheherazade Which Lebanese writer is known for the classical masterpiece, The Prophet? Khalil Gibran Among the following literary works, which one was not written by Edgar Allan Poe? Heart of Darkness Which American writer, whose original name is Marguerite Johnson, wrote I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings? Maya Angelou Which Chinese writer created 24 chapters of wise sayings known as The Analects? Confucius Who among the Bronte sisters wrote her only successful novel, Wuthering Heights? Emily If Divine Comedy is characterized by absolute faith in a single truth, what best characterizes Boccaccio's Decameron? d. A sexual libertinism that seeks to revive the great pleasures of Ancient Rome This is a collection of stories told by the pilgrims while on their way to the chapel of Canterbury. d. The Canterbury Tales Identify the poem from which the line is taken: QUOTH THE RAVEN 'NEVERMORE' d. The Raven The following are Elizabethan playwrights. Who does NOT belong to the group? b. Dante What is the English translation of Rabindranath Tagore's "Gitanjali"? c. Song of Offerings Which of the following is the story of a scholar who sold his soul to the devil in exchange for knowledge? a. Faust Which poem of Walter Scott has stirring narrative in verse, superb description of the wild and historic places and complete medievalism? a. Lochinvar An aging minstrel who seeks hospitality at Newark Castle and in recompense tells a tale of a sixteenth-century Border feud. In the poem, Lady Margaret Scott of Buccleuch, the "Flower of Teviot" is beloved by Baron Henry of Cranstown an ally of the Ker Clan, but a deadly feud exists between the two border clans of Scott and Carr/Ker, which has resulted in the recent murder of Lady Margaret's father, Sir Walter Scott of Buccleuch by the Kers on the High Street in Edinburgh. Maragaret's widowed mother – Lady Janet – hates the Ker clan as a result, and is adamant in refusing her consent to any suggestion of marriage between the lovers. Which of the following best describes difficult and distorted human relationship? d. Never seek to Tell my Love Never Seek to Tell thy Love | William Blake Never seek to tell thy love Love that never told can be For the gentle wind does move Silently invisibly I told my love I told my love I told her all my heart Trembling cold in ghastly fears Ah she doth depart Soon as she was gone from me A traveller came by Silently invisibly O was no deny The poetry of Ezra Pound is best described as: a. Imagist In a Station of the Metro Ezra Pound, 1885 - 1972 The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough. Sappho is regarded as: b. A very passionate poet Which book in the New Testament includes a vision of the end of the world and the second coming of Jesus? c. Revelations Identify the play from which the line is taken: “Good name in man and woman ...is the immediate jewel of souls.” d. Othello Somerset Maugham produced a powerful document in human ordeal entitled _____. d. Of Human Bondage The following are metaphysical poets EXCEPT: d. Robert Burns AFRICA Africa, my Africa Africa of proud warriors In ancestral savanna Africa of whom my grandmother sings = David Deop = The lines above described an Africa that is _____. c. Free and beautiful Sunset and evening star And one clear call for me And may these be no moaning of the bar When I put out of sea." Who is the speaker of the poem? c. A fisherman The Tale of Genji was written by _____ d. Lady Murasoki Shikibu What can be inferred from Iseneses "answer" c. She likes Creon Who was the playwright who wrote realistic dramas capturing the feeling of everyday life like his characters in A MARRIAGE PROPOSAL? d. Anton Checkhov Which of the following films was Edward Albee's play starring Elizabeth Taylor? c. Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Which of the following children's verses is written by Robert Louis Stevenson for his stepson Lloyd Osbourne? d. A Child's Garden of Verses Which is the best-known and most-quoted poem of Dames Russel Lowell that immortalizes the theme of June day symbolizing the awakening of life? d. The Vision of Sir Launfal William Shakespeare wrote these lines in his The Merry Wives of Windsor: why, then the world's mine oyster which I with sword will open Reading at the First level, what does the speaker want to impart? b. The world is an oyster to be opened easily with a sword William Shakespeare wrote these lines in his The Merry wives of Windsor: Why, then the world's mine oyster which I with sword will open Reading on the Second Level, what would determine the writer's technique? c. Metaphor Who is NOT a romantic poet? d. William Blake Which is NOT a work to Leo Tolstoy? b. Father and Sons Which book of the bible teaches that there will never be an explanation to human suffering, especially undeserved suffering, that human intelligence can comprehend? b. Job Who among the following is known as the Indian Shakespeare? b. Kalidasa This theory views society as patriarchal, which hinders women from realizing their truth potential. Which theory is this? Feminist This form of criticism is rooted to an economic-oriented standpoint which assumes that each society is made up of a set of concepts, beliefs, values, and ways of thinking influenced by class structures. What is it? Marxism This literary theory stipulates that a text is closely related to the time during which an author wrote. What theory is this? Historical This literary movement is basically a faithful representation of reality. This is even considered a technique in many schools of writing. What is this? Naturalism Pragmatism Realism Sentimentalism This American literary classic focuses on a character named Hester gets pregnant by a mystery man who isn't her husband. Her puritanical village shuns her and forces her to wear a symbol of humiliation. What is the title of this work? Wuthering Heights Pride and Prejudice The Scarlet Letter Catcher in the Rye New Criticism focuses on which of the following elements? Reader Text World Author According to Kirszner and Mandell, this type of literary critics assert that literature does not exist outside time and place and cannot be interpreted without reference to the era in which it was written. Who are they? Marxists Formalists Feminists New Historicists Which literary critic looks at the language and elements of the texts, and disregard the context in which the text was written or received? Psychoanalyst Moralist Formalist Naturalist This critic examines texts for themes of social justice, class structure, and the unequal distribution of resources and social status, among others? LGBT Critic Mimesis Critic Reader-Response Critic Marxist Critic These critics concern themselves on the social and cultural implications of the masculine and feminine representations in literature. Who are they? Marxist Critics Formalist Critics Feminist Critics New Historicist Critics During this period, a revival of classical mythology took place? What period is this? Industrial Enlightenment Modernism Renaissance This period is characterized by the reformation of society using reason and advance knowledge through science. What period is this? Post-modernism Modernism Englightenment Industrial Most works of literary artists in this period are reflections of the postWorld War II milieu. Which period is this? Classical Industrial Post-modern Renaissance Which of the following literary movements traces its origins in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Europe and North America? Post-modernism Renaissance Modernism Enlightenment This theory probes into the inner motivations of the characters or of the authors themselves. Which theory is this? Archetypal Psychoanalytic Moral/Philosophical Reader-Response It is the study of the general principles of biblical interpretation the primary purpose of which is to discover the truths and values of the Bible. a. Hermeneutics Hermeneutics, the study of the general principles of biblical interpretation. For both Jews and Christians throughout their histories, the primary purpose of hermeneutics, and of the exegetical methods employed in interpretation, has been to discover the truths and values of the Bible. The following are the four major types of hermeneutics have emerged: the literal, moral, allegorical, and anagogical. Literal interpretation asserts that a biblical text is to be interpreted according to the “plain meaning” conveyed by its grammatical construction and historical context. A second type of biblical hermeneutics is moral interpretation, which seeks to establish exegetical principles by which ethical lessons may be drawn from the various parts of the Bible. Allegorical interpretation, a third type of hermeneutics, interprets the biblical narratives as having a second level of reference beyond those persons, things, and events explicitly mentioned in the text. The fourth major type of biblical hermeneutics is the anagogical, or mystical, interpretation. This mode of interpretation seeks to explain biblical events as they relate to or prefigure the life to come. The essay derived its name from the title of Michel de Montaigne’s collection of French prose writings, which means an attempt to communicate. What word of French origin is that? Essais Haiku was originally known in another Japanese word which literally means “starting verse”? What word is this? Hokku Haiku nature poem filled with imagery; a verbal form of photography Five syllables start Seven syllables follow Five syllables end This refers to an online journal whereby an individual or group records thoughts or opinions. What is this? Web log Which of the following refers to a poem dedicated to the dead? Elegy How do you call the narrative that recounts for the creation of the universe and first human being? Myth This is a type of drama where the protagonist overcomes any challenges that comes along his way. What is it? Comedy The type of novel which became popular in the 18th century is _____. a. epistolary From which short story of his own creation did Nick Joaquin base his intriguing feminist play Tatarin? Summer Solstice Biag ni Lam-ang (Life of Lam-ang) is a pre-Hispanic Ilocano epic believed to be the work of several poets in different generations. It was only in the 17th century when it was frozen into print by the Father of Ilocano Poetry. Who is he? Pedro Bukaneg Which of the following is not a Philippine ethno-epic? Dandansoy This period is considered as the Golden Age of the Filipino Language. a. American regime Which play of Jose M. Hernandez tells of an artisan who forged cannons for the use of the Spaniards? a. The Panday Pira Gnomic verses are the earliest form of literacy expression during the pre-colonial period in Philippine literature. Which is NOT an example of gnomic verse? d. Folktale What is the usual ending of a Comedia? c. Victory of Christians Comedia – It is about a courtly love between, a prince and a princess of different religions, and highlights concepts of colonial attitudes to Christian-Muslim relations. It tells of Christian armies defeating the hated Moors. The Ifugao hero who was immortalized in the epic Hudhud is _____. c. Aliguyon Who wrote "Mga Ibong Mandaragat" b. Amado Hernandez Who among these writers is famous for using local color in his stories? c. Manual Arguilla Which of the following epic is about the exploits of early Muslim warriors who fought in defense of Islam? d. Darangan Since Heracles killed his wife, Megara, and his children in a fit of madness sent by Hera, Heracles was punished by Eurystheus to perform how many labors? 12 The Argonauts were 50 men who went with Jason in a quest to retrieve the Golden Fleece as ordered by Jason’s uncle named ______________. Pelias Whose daughter was kidnapped by Hades and caused the earth to be barren due to her grief? Demeter Which pair was given the task by the Olympians to create a new race of men? Prometheus and Epimetheus With what weapon does Ajax knock Hector unconscious? A boulder Which plant makes the sailors forget their desire to return home? Lotus She sprang fully formed from the head of Zeus and is the goddess to whom the Parthenon is dedicated. Her Latin name was Minerva. Who is she? Athena Which of the following characters is Helen’s brother-in-law? Agamemnon How long has the Trojan War been going by the time The Iliad begins? Nine years Who died at the end of Iliad? a. Hector Euripides purpose in producing the drama Medea is to: d. Criticize Greek behavior In Zeus plan, what is it that comes from suffering? b. The ecstasy of truth Greek Religious Thought Life is not a meaningless series of acts of violence, but a progression to the rule of Zeus who stands for order and justice. Thus, the law of human life which Zeus administers is that wisdom comes through suffering. To punish himself of murdering his father and having sexual relations with his mother, what did Oedipus do? c. He gouged his eyes The Ifugao hero who was immortalized in the epic Hudhud is _____. c. Aliguyon
