REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA
Ministry of Public Works and Transport
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF TRANSPORT POLICIES AND PLANNING
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Address: “Sheshi Skënderbej”, No.5, Tel/Fax: +355 4 2380741: Tel: +355 4 2232320; E-mail: Kujtim.Hashorva@mppt.gov.al
 Introduction
In many countries in the world, tourist activity is considered even more important than
productive activity in economic and social activity. Developed tourism is witnessed when a
strong “request” exists, where natural benefits like climate, natural beauties, environment and
relevant structures favor it and transport communication plays a decisive role. Development of
tourism is closely related to investments and employment. In this frame, during 2009-2010
activities like hostelry, restaurant and bars, commercial centers, transport communication and
other different infrastructure constructions favoring growing employment in tourist areas,
have increased. Incomes from tourism are reflected in the balance sheet offering the
possibility to be invested for the development of important tourist areas.
In 2010 arrivals of foreign citizens in Albania is increased 30.2 percent compared with 2010,
that mainly from Kosovo, Macedonia, and Montenegro. Number of clients in hotels is
increased 23.9 percent compared with previous years. For 2010 the average hotel overnights
was 2.5.
ARRIVALS OF FOREIGNERS BY MEANS OF TRANSPORT ( 2000 – 2010 )
(in thousands )
2000
2001 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
317
72
79
353
90
102
470
80
111
558
87
120
645
103
138
748
128
130
937
150
141
1,126
182
162
1,419
206
189
166
160
279
351
404
490
646
782
1,024
2009
1,856
227
215
1,414
2010
2,418 Total
246 By air
216 By sea
By
1,956 land
Data Sources: Data on entrances and exits of foreign and Albanian citizens in the borders-Ministry of Interior,
Department for Border and Migration
1
Control authorities in ALABANIA (Road transport)
Items to be controlled
State
police
Local
police
Customs
Transport*M Road administration
inistry
Traffic regulations and driving licences
X
Authorisations for international road transport (bilateral,
EU, ECMT...)
X
X
X
Special authorisations for carriage of passengers and
other related documents (e.g. list of passengers)
X
X
X
T1 documents or TIR Carnets
X
X
X
Weights and dimensions
X
X
X
Certificate for carriage of perishable foodstuffs and
special equipment to be used for such carriage (ATP)
X
X
X
X
Documents on veterinary and phytosanitary control
Road user charges
X
Technical conditions of motor vehicles
X
Regulations on driving hours and rest periods
X
Regulations on transport of dangerous goods
X
X
X
Authorised
technical
experts/
workshops
Other
authorised
bodies or
officers
X
X1
X1
X
X
X2+X3
X
X1
X
X
X1
X
X
X4
X
X
X1
Note:
* Ministry of Public Works and Transport
1 Ministry of Finance (MoF)
2 Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Consumers Protection (MAFCP)
3 Ministry of Health
4. Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities (MLSAEO)
Data Sources: Ministry of Public Works and Transport
2
Strategic Objective of policy of Road Transport Infrastructure
The institution in charge of the road transport activity is the Ministry of Public Works and
Transport (MPWT), which deals with drafting the policies of road transport (introduction to the
transport market of the transport operators for goods and passengers) and regulatory functions
(licenses of urban, interurban and international transport of passengers and transport of goods).
The MPWT is the supreme body which represents the Republic of Albania in the bilateral and
multilateral agreements and conventions regarding road transport, as well as in monitoring the
road transport market.
The development of the national transport network infrastructure will facilitate the movement
of people and goods, will bring markets closer and as a result will promote business, will
increase access to important basic services, such as health and education with a direct impact
on the citizens’ living standards, while the development of the national road network, crossborder roads, port facilities and airports will help achieve greater integration with the region
and the European single market.
Road infrastructure has been and remains one of the most important priorities of the Albanian
Government, until the year 2015, and the evidence of this is the continuation of major
investments, and the beginning of new road projects.
The National Road Network in Albania is about 18,000 km long including about 3,719 km of
National Roads: the primary road network is about 1,200 km (the main corridors), with nine
main connections which made up the basis of the network. Total length of the secondary
network is about 2,500 km; 10,500 km are interurban roads, and the rest of 4,000 km is under
the jurisdiction of autonomous units, enterprises or companies.
The Road Code of Republic of Albania defines six categories of road in regards to their
constructions, technical standards of the project and the functional characteristics: Highways,
primary interurban roads, secondary interurban roads, primary urban roads, secondary urban
roads and local roads. These roads are further divided, according to their ownership, into state
roads, district roads, internal roads (roads under the jurisdiction of several special enterprises
such as miners or forestry) and communal roads (all roads inside the territory of communes or
municipalities).

To strengthen its ties with its European partners the Government of Albania signed a
Memorandum of Understanding for the Core Network on 11 June 2003 creating the South
East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO). The main aim of this organization is:
“to promote cooperation on the development of the main and ancillary infrastructure on
the multimodal South East Europe Core Regional Transport Network and to promote and
enhance local capacity for the implementation of investments program, management and
data collection and analysis on the Core Regional Transport Network.”.
In joining this organization Albania’s objective was to facilitate its integration within
Southeast Europe in compliance with the goals of the SAA including segments of the PanEuropean Corridors IV, V, VII and X and specifically, Corridor VIII (Durres – Varna via
Tirana) including the ports of Durres and Vlora, and Tirana International Airport.
 The SEETAC – South East Europe Transport Axis Cooperation project is funded under
the South East Europe Programme. Among its partners, SEETAC gathers institutions in
the field of transport and environment in the region, such as the Austria, Bulgaria, Greece,
Italy, Romania, Slovenia, as well as EU candidates and potential candidates countries:
Albania, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro as well as the
South East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO).
3
The project aims at analysing possible integration between the Western Balkan and the EU
transport systems in order to generate transport continuity and infrastructure development in
the European area and beyond, thus implicitly leading to a rising competitiveness and
economic development with the ultimate aim of integrated the WB countries in the European
single market. Moreover, the project contributes to the solution of the cross-border bottlenecks
and the lack of harmonization among the participating countries. It tackles both the
administrative problems, such as missing institutional and legal transnational framework, as
well as common safety, security and environmental standards, harmonisation of transport
modes.
The SEETAC project works in line with existing EU policies (i.e. EU Transport acquis, EU
transport network, negotiations of the EU-Western Balkan Transport treaty, Green Paper on
Future TEN-T Networks, conditions within the Stabilisation and Association Process, EU
environmental policy and the list of existing priority projects developed by SEETO).
 Trans-European networks
 Main Network
The part of the Main Regional Network within the Albanian territory ( a length of 950 km)
consists of the East-West axe complying with the Paneuropean Corridor No.8, the NorthSouth Axe (including the central southern corridor, Tiranë-Elbasan-Berat-Tepelenë, recently
introduced in the modified main network upon the proposal of the Albanian Government and
the approval of the Steering Committee of SEETO, Skopje 2009), by which Greece is linked
with Montenegro and further with the Corridor Durrës – Morine (the border with Kosovo),
which connects the Paneuropean Corridors No.8 and 10. This network is fully included in the
priorities of the multiannual program of Albanian Government.
Our railway network is almost fully included in the main Regional Network. The Government
aims to support the Albanian Railway Company for its development in line with the paces of
the domestic economic growth.
 THE MAIN INTERNATIONAL CORRIDORS OF INTEREST TO ALBANIA
INCLUDE:
 The North-South Corridor between Greece and Montenegro via Kakavija on the
Albanian border and Gjirokaster, Shkoder and Hani i Hotit, whose length is 405 km.
 Corridor VIII (East – West National Road Corridor): Bari, Brindisi (IT) Durres,Vlore-Tirane (AL) – Skopje (MK) - Sofje – Burgas,Varna (BG). Corridor VIII
is the southernmost among the West-East Pan-European Corridors, linking the
Adriatic/Ionian region and Balkans to the Black Sea.
Part of Corridor VIII in Albanian territory is port of Durres (branch port of Vlora in south of
Albania) - Tirana until the FYR of Macedonia border.
The construction of Tirana – Elbasan road, 30 km long, (included 2.1 km tunnel), part of
Central-South axis and the main connection to the Corridor VIII.
 The Durres – Kukes – Morine - Kosovo border Corridor, 115 long (included 5.6
km tunnel). It is seen as having major potential regional impact by providing a better
connection to Corridor X and to Serbia through Pristina. In Albanian territory is totally
open for traffic. Now is under construction part of this corridor in territory of Kosovo.
4
The Durres – Kukes – Morine (AL) – Pristina (KS) - Nish (SR) corridor or namely arterial 7
in Core (Comprehensive) Regional Network of the South East Europe Transport.
It is already sensibly improve the trade relations between the countries of the Adriatic Sea and
Mediterrian Sea through the Ports of Durrës and Shëngjin as well as influence in the increase
of their trading activities in our country, especially with Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia,
Macedonia, other Balkan countries as Rumania, Bulgaria and further on. It is considered as
the most optimal link of the pan-European corridor VIII with corridor X in the Durrës – Kukës
– Prishtine – Nish itinerary for the main regional network.
Moreover its construction already is done affect the reduction of distances and cost of the
transport of goods and passengers through the port of Durrës to Kosovo, which currently is
been carried out through the Port of Thessalonica, transit through Macedonia.
The connection of the two important markets between Albania and Kosovo, shall contribute to
exploiting all the economic resources, mine industry, forestry and tourism in particular.
 Central-South Corridor, Tirane – Elbasan – Berat - Tepelene - Tre Urat (Greek
Border)
 Arber Road which links Tirana with border with Macedonia, (70 km).
 Rrogozhine - Thumane (Short link of the Corridor VIII with North-South Corridor),
61 km long. This Highway is foreseen for Concession BOT.
 Tourist roads towards the coastal areas: are ccompleted roads connecting beaches
of the coastal areas
 The main Mountain tourist routes road segments are upgraded and others are under
construction phase.
MAXIMUM WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS
PERMISSIBLE MAXIMUM WEIGHTS (in tonnes) – Trucks
Weight per
bearing axle
Weight per
drive axle
Lorry
2 axles
10
11.5 (3)
18
(2)
(3)
Lorry
3 axles
26 (2)
Road Train
4 axles
Road Train
5 axles and +
Articulated
Vehicle
5 axles and +
40
44
36
With air suspension or similar;
Weight per drive axle: national traffic = 10t; international traffic = 11.5t
PERMISSIBLE MAXIMUM DIMENSIONS – TRUCKS
HEIGHT
WIDTH
2,55 m (3)
4m
Lorry or Trailer
LENGTH
Road Train
12 m
18.75 m
Articulated Vehicle
16.50 m
(3). Vehicles at controlled temperatures = 2.60 m
PERMISSIBLE MAXIMUM LENGTH OF COACHES
2 axles
> 2 axles
+ Trailer
Articulated
12 m
12 m
18.75 m
18.00 m
5
CORRIDOR VIII: ALIGNMENT AS DEFINED IN MoU
Road 960 km, Rail 1270 km
 TRAFFIC FORECAST IN CORRIDOR VIII AREA
40000
35000
DURRES - KAVAJE
KAVAJE - RROGOZHINE
30000
NUMBER OF VEHICLES
RROGOZHINE - PEQIN
PEQIN - ELBASAN
25000
ELBASAN - LIBRAZHD
20000
LIBRAZHD - Q. THANE
Q. THANE - DOGANE
15000
Q. THANE - POGRADEC
POGRADEC - TUSHEMISHT
10000
POGRADEC - KORCE
KORCE - KAPSHTICE
5000
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2010 2015 2020
YEARS
6
Road Transport Development Policy
 Creation of a common integrated infrastructure network for tourism and trade
challenge.
-
-
Develop International connections with EU and regional countries. (Corridor VIII and
Core Network).
Soft measures
International &bilateral agreements
Reducing non-physical barriers and waiting times at border-crossings (Border issues
constitute major barriers to trade, tourism and transport; Improving Infrastructure,
Procedure, Staff).
Modernise facilities and train Customs officers
Develop Single window strategy
Transport infrastructure and living standard-promoting family tourism
Develop feeder, rural and tourist transport infrastructure
Aims:
- Bring markets closer
- Avoid the creation of overcrowded areas
- Optimal distribution of the traffic flow
- Reduction of traffic accidents and pollution
 The legal approximation and administrative capacity.
In the field of road transport sector, in compliance with NPISAA (National Plan of
Implementation of Stabilisation Agreement of Association), have been completed the legal
initiatives that are related with the definition of qualitative criteria that must be fulfilled for the
admission to the occupation of road haulage and passenger transport operator; the rules on
organization of employer’s working time that apply road transport, drivers hours and
recording equipment, etc. Pursuant to Article 11 of Protocol 5 of the SAA, are defined and
implemented the rules regarding unrestricted transportation between Albania and EU Member
States.
 The Albanian Assembly has already ratified agreements and conventions of the
Economic Commission of the United Nations for Europe (UNECE), part of Acquis
Communautaire in the area of road transport:
- The European Agreement relating to the Work of Drivers of Vehicles in the International
Road Transport (AETR);
- Convention on the Contract for International Road Carriers of Goods, of 1956 (CMR), and
its Protocol
- European Agreement on Main Arteries of International Traffic, of 15 November 1957
(AGR),
- European Agreement on Important International Lines of Combined Transport and Related
Installations (AGTC), of 1 February 1991,
- Convention on the taxation of motor vehicles in the international transport of passengers,
- Convention on the taxation of motor vehicles for private use in the international traffic,
- European Convention on Customs Treatment of Palettes used in International Transport,
- European Agreement on Application of article 23 of the Convention of 1949 on the road
traffic, in relation to dimensions and weights of vehicles permitted to travel in certain routes
of contracting parties.
7
 The development of road infrastructure is a priority, in particular the development of
national road network integrated with the Paneuropean corridors but also the
development of combined transport. Special importance is given to the Strategy of
Transport Development in Albania for full integration with the European Network
TEM & TER (Transport European Motorway and Transport European Railway).
 The transport research and study programs in our national priorities are based upon:

The Albanian National Transport Plan


National Strategy for Development and Integration
Strategy for Transport development in Albania
 Albania is in the process of negotiating the Treaty for a Transport Community with
the Western Balkans to establish an integrated transport market with the European
Commission.
The treaty aims to:
• Accelerate the integration of the transport systems, establishing an integrated market for
infrastructure and land transport, maritime transport and inland waterways;
• Align the relevant legislation in the Balkans region with that of the EU, harmonizing
rules on safety, environmental protection and transport services.
 In case of occasional/touristic services resident transport operator of international
passengers is provided with documentation according to Interbus Agreement. (This
agreement is in force for Albania on 1 July 2005).
 Combined transport
Combined transport in our country is at a low level. Although in our country are operating all
types of transport. The interaction between them is weak, mainly for lack of inadequate port
infrastructure, but also in efficiency and poor technical condition of the railway. However
there is a relative fast growth in the transport of containers at the port of Durres. Construction
of container terminal at the port of Durres and the fuel in Porto-Romano (who will also have
rail connection), rehabilitation of the rail network and rail service reform will give a positive
impact to improve the interoperability between different types of transport.
 INVENTORY OF ROAD VEHICLES (2000 - 2010)
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Road
vehicles
185,982
216,550
233,954
263,901
274,652
284,655
320,347
349,626
378,060
397,981
419,893
Cars
114,532
133,533
148,531
174,782
190,004
195,125
225,114
237,932
264,828
281,236
294,729
Buses/Minibuses
16,806
20,813
21,026
21,693
25,066
29,453
35,973
29,506
6,645
6,594
7,032
8
Trucks
and
Vans
43,301
49,600
51,960
53,900
46,809
45,437
39,279
59,645
79,054
79,905
84,314
Road
tractors
2,274
2,721
2,670
2,957
1,966
1,896
2,039
1,976
1,987
1,969
1,997
Motorcycles Trailers
3,808
5,261
3,447
6,436
3,400
6,367
3,896
6,673
4,877
5,930
7,170
5,574
11,639
6,303
13,859
6,708
18,329
7,217
20,874
7,403
24,022
7,799
 INVENTORY OF BORDER CROSSING PROBLEMS
• Develop and implement European customs procedures, especially the TIR Convention for
transit traffic;
• Introduce better risk analysis techniques, improving intelligence and control procedures, in
order to combine security and safety needs and the need for the free flow of trade;
• Enhance and improve cooperation between customs services of Administrations of
Beneficiary Countries (ABCs) and between them and other services, particulary the police;
• Assist customs administrations in modernizing offices, particularly border offices, through
the identification of infrastructure and fixed and mobile equipment (Hardware, Software,
Scanning machines etc. ) needed to implement cost-effectiveness, efficiency and efficacy in
the Administrations’ activities;
• Assist in implementing information systems;
• Help in setting up an automated customs context, by developing, if possible, interoperating
systems for communication and information exchange, also introducing all the necessary
administrative and legal changes;
• Help ABCs implement a Single Window strategy;
• Increase, through planning and control activities, the efficiency of Customs Administrations,
by optimizing and implementing the management of human, technological and financial
resources.
At the beginning of 2009 Albania signed the ATA Convention (Temporary Admission). A
specific activity is underway with the Chamber of Commerce, aimed at defining the
procedures for the delivery of TIR Carnets.
Customs facilities and improvement
-
Positive aspect is construction of One Single Window (One Stop Border Control
between Albania and Montenegro, in Murriqan - Sukobine)
 Albania’s foreign trade is dominated by the EU (90% of total flows) and particularly,
Italy and Greece, representing more than 70% of the total. Except for the few
commodities to Kosovo and Macedonia which are imported through the port of
Durres, there is little and decreasing interregional and transit traffic with the Balkan
neighbouring countries, mainly due to poor transport connections, accentuated by
other non-physical barriers some of them specific for our region. The situation is,
however, gradually improving and picking up with re-establishment of the railway
connection with Montenegro and with the improvement of border crossing facilities at
the borders with Montenegro, Macedonia and Greece.
 Albania in the framework of implementation of Stabilisation and Association
Agreement (SAA) grants unrestricted access to EU transit traffic to cross its territory
and provides for applying non discriminatory road charges as well as for a timetable
for harmonisation of the road safety legislation with the EU.
RAIL TRANSPORT
The current structural organisation of the railway transport is based on three main levels:
9
1) The level of drafting and updating the railway transport policies, as well as the role
of the regulatory entity is responsibility of the MPWTT, and is conducted by the
Railway Transport Policy Section in this Ministry;
2) The level of operation made up of railway transporters.
At present there is only one railway transport operator which is the Albanian Railway
A.C. (Hekurudha Shqiptare Inc.) which operates as an integrated railway transporter. In
2008, the infrastructure sector will be separated from the sector of goods transport and
passengers transport. One legal person has submitted the request to obtain the license of
railway transporters to operate in the network.
3) The level of the infrastructure administration - the management of capacity and
maintenance – is integral part of the Albanian Railway starting from 1 July 2008 and
has been separated from the transport.
•
Physical infrastructure
 Albanian rail network is 425 km main track long, single track not is
electrification and 225 km secondary track;
 (Maximum gradient 18% , Gauge 1435 mm);
 20.5 ton/axial with 50 railways points.
 Facilities and infrastructure in very poor condition
 With high safety hazards
•
Traffic volumes : decreasing since 1990
 Passenger traffic: 645,000 passenger trips in 2009 (31.5 million passengerskm) – Average journey length : 48.9 km
 Freight traffic: 343,000 tons in 2009 (45.5 million tons-km) – Average haul :
132.7 km
 International freight increased from 49,400 to 207,500 tons between 2005 and
2009.
•
Rolling stock & operations
 An aging fleet in bad condition, but sufficient for present and anticipated
traffic levels;
The vision of the sector is the integration of our railway network into the regional transport
network. This vision is based on two political Agreements:
-
Memorandum of Understanding of Pan European Corridor VIII on Transport, signed
in Bar, on 9 September 2002, by Ministers of Transport of Italy, Albania, Macedonia,
Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey and the European Union representatives;
Agreement “On Establishment of a High Performance Railway Network in Southeastern Europe”, signed in Thessalonica on 4 May 2006 by the Balkan Ministers of
Transport;
The main objectives to be achieved are as follows:
-
 The increase of the goods transportation because this transport generates considerable
revenues.
 Running of the transport for passengers in the conditions of a functional railway
system. The operation of many trains in the public transport is also envisaged, with
improved standards mainly in the most populated areas.
Tirana Capital station is 35 km distance from Durres port by road, by road 13 km distance
from Rinas airport. Passenger station is separated from freight station).
10
International linkage through Corridor VIII: Once the rehabilitation of the rail network is
well underway, Albanian Railways will need to complete the connection to FYR of
Macedonia. Albania as a member of SEETO has committed itself to providing rail access to
its port facilities at Durres and Vlora as a partner in Corridor VIII. The cost of building the 2.8
km connection to the border falls between 6 and 7 million Euros. The end of the railway line
in FYR of Macedonia to the Albanian border is roughly 66 km. In addition, the link between
Skopje and Sofia has to be completed. Estimates when all these works will be built vary; a
recent assessment indicated that 10 years might be needed.
MARITIME TRANSPORT
Albania is a coastal country; its coastal border is 440 km, so it has favorable conditions for
development of the Maritime Sector. There are six commercial ports (Durrës, Vlore, Sarande,
Shëngjin, Porto Romano near Durres, Petrofilera north of Vlora, etc).
Port of Durres is the main Port in Albania and the Gateway of Corridor VII, for manufacturing
goods, containers & passengers and as a Portal Authority, based on Low No. 9130, date
08.09.2003, is currently under the final phase of its transformation to become Land-Lord Port.
Passenger traffic is an important component of maritime transport. Using ferries, the major origin and
destination are the Adriatic ports of Italy: Bari, Brindisi, Ancona, and Trieste.
The development of Maritime Transport based on the Albanian National Transport Plan
(ANTP), adopted by the Government in May 2006 and the Strategy of Sector of Transport
adopted by the Government in September 2008.
All the activities carried out on the sea cover a wide range of different activities such as:









maritime transportation of passengers and goods
internal/domestic transportation (cabotage)
touristic and sports’ navigation.
monitoring of maritime traffic and hydrograph/surveillance.
industry of ship building
sea ports
protection of the sea environment
training, licensing of seamen etc.
sea resources (fishing, gas/oil, tourism)
Although Albania is a coastal country with a favourable geographic position, maritime is in
the process of development in these directions:






Legitimacy and the national maritime right.
Implementation of the requirements of the maritime International Conventions
Sea Ports
Maritime/sea Transport
Port safety and sailing safety
Environmental protection
Currently the Albanian maritime legal system is based on four essential laws:
-
The Maritime Code adopted by Law No. 9251, dated 08.07.2004, which defines the
competences, tasks, responsibilities and the structure of the Maritime Sector, as well as
the relations between political bodies and different institutions and Ministries.
-
The Law on Portal Authority No. 9130, dated 08.09.2003, which explains the specific
organization and management of sea ports in Albania.
11
-
The Law on “Safety on the Ship and in Port’’ No. 9281, dated 23.09.2006, sets up the
legal basis for controlling and implementing the requirements of the ISPS Code on any
Ships/Ferries which carry out international transport and Sea Ports.
-
The law No. 10109, date 2.04.2009 on “Maritime Administration in Republic of
Albania”, which consists of setting up the structure of the Maritime Administration.
Albania has ratified and adhered into a number of conventions in cooperation with the
International Maritime Organization, (“UNCLOS”, “SOLAS”, “STCW 78”, “SAR”, “IMO”,
“MARPOL”, etc.).
AIR TRANSPORT
The only functioning airport in Albania is the Tirana International Airport (TIA) "Mother
Theresa". The airport is located about 25 km to the north-west (16 km in air line) of Tirana.
TIA is managed and operated as Public Private Partnership (PPP) concession based on BOOT
modality.
Albania is an ICAO member and ECAC member, a member of the European Organization for
Air Navigation Security (EUROCONTROL), and a candidate member of JAA.
The development of sectorial policies includes:
I. The legal and institutional approximation, as well as the implementation of
obligations deriving from membership in International and European Organisations;
Passenger movements in and out of TIA
Year
2008
2010
Passengers x1,000
1,287
1,573
Annual Growth
10.5%
By the end of 2008 the number of passengers reached 1,287,000 a figure predicted to be
reached by the end of 2012. A large number of airlines now use TIA. Italy is best served
having the most connections. Most of them are short haul – one to two hour flights with the
exception of longer flights to London and Brussels, (direct flights). Long haul passengers
connect through Germany, London, Vienna, Rome and Istanbul. There are two Albanian
airlines: Belle Air and Albanian Airlines.
12