International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
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AUTHENTICATION AND CONTEXT AWARENESS ACCESS CONTROL IN
INTERNET OF THINGS
Bhramarambika R S , Dept of CS Engineering,NIE College,Karnataka,India
Navya V Hegde , Dept of CS Engineering,NIE College,Karnataka,India
Anjali S , Dept of CS Engineering,NIE College,Karnataka,India
Smt. Rashmi M R , Assistant Professor,Dept of CS Engineering,NIE College,Karnataka,India
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Abstract - For security in internet of things, access control
the fields like in clinics, in army, in cultivation, in rural
is achieved by using another method as compare to the old
areas for the luxury of the publics. IoT provides many
way. The need for security and privacy for IoT devices is
services, however on the further hand threats ‘as
illuminated here. Moreover, assessment of various schemes
regards the security are also growing. For that, we talk
related to access control in IoT over the latest years is
over around the access control and authentication in
discussed. Lastly, we provide guesses for upcoming research in
the field of IoT Access control. Access control explains I
the field of access control in IoT. On the basis of shortcomings
formation possession issues and empowers new plans
observed in the existing model, the proposed model is designed
of action, Access control empowers organizations to
to protect IoT networks with context-aware access control
share IoT gadget information.
scheme. The proposed model covers the access control policy
for IoT networks with context awareness. IoT is a very useful
The access control policy for IoT networks with
ecosystem that provides various services; however, at the same
context awareness approach which is included to
time, risk can be huge too. The main purpose of this paper is to
describe the context and type of the IoT nodes In IoT
survey the access control and authentication in IOT and
network.it is used to determine the rate of data
analyzing three basic characteristics (i.e., heterogeneity,
resource constraint, dynamic environment)of security
transfer among the network nodes. The nodes not
requirements along six key elements of IoT (i.e., IoT network,
following the policy as per their data transmission limit
cloud, user, attacker, service, Platform).
according to context, are not provided the access to the
network resources under this access control model.
Key Words: Internet of Things (IoT), Access Control,
1.1
Authentication, Security Requirements
INTERNET OF THINGS
This section analyzes security requirements based
1. INTRODUCTION
on 3 typical IoT characteristics that have been
The meaning of the internet is connecting the
researched in other researches. These security
physical devices with each other. Physical devices are
ingrained
with
ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS IN
sensors,
electronics,
requirements are commonly applied in IoT security.
software,
actuators. Every aspect of actual life. IoT is used in all
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Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr 2018
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Therefore, it is important to understand and advantage
send a large number of requests. Hence,nnot only
of it to design security mechanisms in IoT environment.
flexibility, but also scalability is required in IoT
A. Heterogeneity
communication
In IoT, heterogeneity means diversity of
protocols.
Consequently,
flexibility and scalability will be key security
hardware performances(e.g., CPU computation,
requirements of IoT.
memory footprint),protocols,platforms,polices,etc.
the biggest problem of heterogeneity is absence of
1.2 SECURITY ISSUES AND REQUIREMENTS
common security service .heterogeneity weakens
FOR IOT ENVIRONMENTS
interoperability and causes extra fees about
performance and money to interpret each
other.besides, making security-related policies
Fig. 1 shows six key elements of IoT (i.e., IoT
and updates are more complex.in order to solve
network, cloud, user, attacker, service, and
these
some
platform). We consider reviewing security
data
requirements from the elements to be the most
registry(MDR),middleware);however, it is not a
effective way. A more detailed description is in the
fundamental solution. For providing common
following subsections.
problems,
we
technologies(e.g.,
can
use
meta
security service, unified IoT security standard has
to be established.
B. Resource constraint
Most iot devices are lacking performance and
battery capacity.therefore,legacy security services,
such
as
TLS(transport
security),AES(advanced
layer
encryption
standard),cannot be applied to iot devices
directly.therefore, these services or algorithms
should be designed to be lightweight and
straightforward
to
increase
efficiency
Fig 1: Six key elements of IoT
of
CPU,memory and battery.in addition, scalability
IoT network is a specialized form of conventional
has to be considered.
network .It has three features as described in Section 3.
In IoT network, there are many Things (e.g., gateways,
C. Dynamic Environment
sensors), and they may communicate using lightweight
Due to mobility and bad connections, IoT has
communication protocols, such as MQTT and CoAP
a dynamic network topology. In very demanding
based on IEEE 802.15.4.
cases (e.g., smart city),numerous devices may
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The most important fact is that IoT network is
user makes the password with a simple and guessable
basically not different from conventional networks.
passphrase, attackers could crack the password easily
Therefore, most existing problems (e.g., fragmentation,
using brute force attack or dictionary attack which is
security attacks) could happen in IoT network. In this
well known security attack. That is, the user has to
subsection, we focus on the following issues: privacy,
follow strictly the security rules, and the user needs to
security in multicasting and bootstrapping. Privacy. IoT
be educated about social engineering.
is becoming more and more closer to human life like
ubiquitous. It can be used anywhere, anytime with
D. Attacker
anything.
Security service can be compromised by
attacker Although a user follows security rule. Due to
B. Cloud
IoT devices are connected to network, it can be victim
Usually, IoT devices use cloud because they
anytime. most of IoT devices cannot apply strong
cannot save the data in their low memory capacity. In
security service because of its constrained resources.
some cases, sensitive data (e.g., home CCTV video,
Besides, current IoT security services have not been
personal location, health information) can be used for
fully validated. For these reasons, IoT is easy target to
rescue people. However, if cloud out of order for some
attack so that security attack will be increased and
reasons, IoT devices cannot save the data. Then critical
diversified. Thus, in this subsection, we analyze
data that will be used for rescue can be missing. As a
security requirements against security threats.
result, rescue service that require the data may be
stopped. Therefore, in this case, availability is highly
E. Service
necessary, so that device should have back-up cloud to
In this subsection, we analyze security issues
be replaced with original cloud. There are a lot of data
(i.e., trust, access control, middleware, storage) as
sent from many devices in cloud. To protect the data
illustrated in Fig. 2. Before we describe the security
from unauthorized user, cloud should use proper
requirements based on security Issues To take
access control (i.e., authentication, authorization),
advantage of a service, the user needs to trust the
encryption, data anonymity, etc. In addition, the data
server, and the server needs to provide privacy to the
may not be fully needed to be encrypted based on the
user. If the user decides the server is trustworthy, the
importance of data.
user will use service provided by the server or group of
devices with smart phone, smart watch, or some kind
C. User
of network devices. After that, the devices have to
User is the most vulnerable element in IoT
progress bootstrapping and access control (i.e.,
security. Even if information system is implemented
authentication and authorization). Thereby, devices
securely, if a user, especially system engineer, is
obtain trust from server. Especially, automated,
careless to manage, any security system will be useless.
intelligent and context-aware devices in real IoT
For example, in ID-password authentication model, if a
environment might be operated by itself without
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human intervention. Finally, the attacker can
is secure enough for reply attack, node capture attack,
compromise the server for malicious
DoS attack and manYin middle attack.
intentions (e.g., collecting personal information).
B. Chan et al. [2] define SYCBAC stands for SecureY
Capability Based Access Control model. This model is
F. Platform
used for IoT things in a distributed environment. This
AllSeen, oneM2M, OIC (open interconnect
model is mainly used for group access in SYCBAC user
consortium) and other standards organizations have
access mutual service which is functioning at
been established IoT platform standards. Open IoT
numerous devices by using a single token. In SYCBAC,
platform (e.g., Mobius, OneM2M, AllJoyn, COMUS)
provides
multiple
cooperation,
functions
execution
(e.g.,
control,
IPsec channel technique is used to transfer all
distributed
datagram packets with the Encapsulating Security
interoperability
Payload
between heterogeneous devices to share data). They
(ESP)
header.
This
maintains
the
confidentiality of data. In this model a group of devices
are focusing on the functionality of platform mainly,
is created those produce a common service. A
however, security is considered only in common
requestor who wants to access these services can
services (e.g., encryption, access control through
access any device of the group by using a only one
authentication and authorization, signature). At this
token.
time, as mentioned earlier, because it is necessary to
H. Che et al. [3]tell that IoT is now used in number of
consider the performance of various IoT devices, all of
areas such as clinic, family circle, towns and societies.
security services should be lightweight.
Due to safety and confidentiality challenges, the use of
Internet of Things is restricted. The IoT devices have a
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
constrained storage capacity. The main target during
the intention of IoT is on facility rather than safety and
S. Patelet al. [1] in this paper authors describe the
secrecy. In this paper, the author explains the role
mechanism for security, and privacy and access
based access control in a hierarchy for the security of
control. Different types of things are communicates
computer
with each other in IoT environment. So maintain the
networks.
Some
authors
describe
cryptography key for security in IoT.
security and privacy of these is the man requirement
when we implement a system. In this paper, the crucial
Q. Liu et al. [4]in the given paper authors discuss an
methods to assure protected transmission among
access control model which aimed at source
devices are access control and authentication. Aimed at
distribution established on the RoleYBased Access
this determination the author defines the Elliptic Curve
Control. Which are planned for multi area MIoT
Cryptography
and
[Manufacturing Internet of Things] Furthermore, AROP
Capability based access control model to assure protect
and PGAO‫ כ‬procedures are planned. The suggested
authorization. An AVISPA tool is used to check this
model and algorithms can support supervisors to
with
mutual
authentication
protocol. AVISPA tool presents that the given protocol
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create a precise conclusion, reduce the loads, and
Debaty,
This
The context This
support the access protection in source distribution.
philippe,
paper
based
IEEE
discusses
approach is focuses
the Internet of Things (IoT) and the habit of little
Personal
the
proposed,
upon
powered strategies such as devices a huge amount of
Communicat
correlatio
which
web
individuals are consuming IoT structures in their home
ions 2001[8] n
M. Hemdi et al. [5] describe that by the expansion of
scheme
the
of utilizes the presence in
environment and companies to have additional control
people,
diversified
the terms of
above their equipment. But the security of data in IoT
places
network
people,
environment is a major threat, when the IoT devices
and
properties
places and
are misplaced and robbed. In this paper author
things
including
things
explains that how we can protect our data from illegal
using the location,
consumers.
internet.
the
tion ability.
capabilities.
(devices) are communicate with each other with the
help of internet. These devices are constrained devices,
Gornbaek,
This
Diverse
so they have a limited storing ability and computing
Inge,IEEE
article
interconnec scheme
control. Due to these restrictions it is a challenge in IoT
2008[9]
discusses
tion
the
environment to offer robust authorization procedures.
Author,publi
sher
Techniqu
and e
Problem
Brief
addressed
review
year
proposed
Castellani,an
This
The
gelo
article
technique is IoT
p,IEEE,2010[ presents
7]
the
This
involves the
IoT problems in network
architectu the IoT are architecture
re and the covered in with multineeds of this paper homing
APIs
new IPv6 based
for with
QoS ability
based
IP mobile
exchange.
networking
networks
in IoT.
constructed
the is analyzed
study on requiremen
for
the
ts of IoT in ability
versatile
the
highly tackle
in
data
designed to architecture
case meet
best
identity and interconnec
device
S. Kinikaret al. [6] In IoT huge number of things
in
with
its
dynamic
to
membershi
the
p
of
architectu flexible and diverse and
network
res
nodes in I
and expandable
protocols
environmen ous
IoT t
for
heterogene
IoT
Ot.
network.
H
networks.
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weber, This
Rolf,Elsevier
|
paper
The
This article
legislative
discusses
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Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr 2018
2010[10]
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presents
and security the
context aware ontology approach will regularly
the
related
upcoming
monitor the node performance, which will help to find
various
challenges
internet
the anomaly (or attacking behavior) of the target node.
security
are
based
we analysed three key characteristics of IoT ,such as
as well as discussed in technical
heterogeneity, resource constraint, and dynamic
privacy
detailed for architecture
environment
challenge
the
requirements. In addition, we analyzed overall IoT
facilities for
to
find
out
basic
IoT
security
s in the managemen the
security requirements. We hope this paper can be a
IoT.
exchange of
guide to design IoT system securely, and improve
goods
general understanding of IoT security
t of IoT.
for
issues and requirements.
supply
chain
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