Aquasome
Aquasomes
• are one of the most recently developed delivery
system for bioactive molecules like peptide,
protein, hormones, antigens and genes to specific
sites.
• Aquasomes are spherical in shape with 60–300
nm particles size.
• Aquasomes are like “bodies of water" and their
water like properties protect and preserve fragile
biological molecules.
• These three layered structures are self-assembled
by non covalent and ionic bonds .
• The pharmacologically active molecule
incorporated by co-polymerization, diffusion or
adsorption to carbohydrate surface of pre formed
nanoparticles.
Principle of self assembly
• Self assembly implies that the constituent parts
of some final product assume spontaneously
structural orientations in two or three
dimensional space into stable stracturally well
defined aggregates joind by non covalent
bond. .
• Thus to achieve acceptable stability, molecules in
self assembled aggregates must be joined by
many of these weak non covalent interaction or
by multiple hydrogen bonds or both.
• Self assembly is governed basically by three
physicochemical processes:
1. the interactions of charged groups
2. hydrogen bond
3. structural stability.
the interactions of charged groups
• The interaction of charged groups, such as
amino , carboxyl, sulphate , phosphate groups
facilitates long range approach of self
assembly sub units.
hydrogen bond
• Hydrogen bond helps in base pair matching
and stabilization of secondary protein structure
such as alpha helices and beta sheets.
Molecules forming hydrogen bonds are
hydrophilic and this confers a significant
degree of organization to surrounding water
molecules.
Structural stability
• Molecules that carry less charge than formally
charged groups exhibit a dipole moment
associated with van der waals forces.
• The van der waals interaction among
hydrophobic side chain promotes stability of
compact helical structures which are
thermodynamically unfavorable for expanded
random coils.
Objective behind development of
aquasomes: