scienti c method
Name:
1.
The data shown are based on laboratory studies of male
Drosophila showing the inherited bar-eye phenotype. Which is the best conclusion to be made from an analysis of these data?
Culture Temperature ( C)
During Development
Number of Compound
Eye Sections
15 20 25 30
270 161 121 74
A. The optimum temperature for culturing
Drosophila is 15 C.
B.
Drosophila cultured at 45 C will show a proportionate increase in the number of compound eye sections.
C. Temperature determines eye shape in
Drosophila
.
D. As temperature increases from 15 C to 30 C, the number of compound eye sections in male
Drosophila with bar-eyes decreases.
2.
Date:
The graph shows the average growth rate for
38 pairs of newborn rats. One of each pair was injected with anterior pituitary extract. The other member of each pair served as a control.
At 75 days, what was the average weight of the rats injected with pituitary extract?
A. 65 grams
C. 200 grams
B. 125 grams
D. 225 grams page 1

3.
The graph shows the average growth rate for
38 pairs of newborn rats. One of each pair was injected with anterior pituitary extract. The other member of each pair served as a control.
5.
Corn seeds were germinated in a dark room.
Not one of the seedlings was green. When placed in the light, 75 percent of these seedlings turned green. Which conclusion about chlorophyll production in corn plants can most reasonably be drawn from this information?
A. Light is the only factor that controls the production of chlorophyll.
B. Darkness is the only factor that prevents the production of chlorophyll.
C. Light and vitamins are necessary for chlorophyll production.
D. Light and some other factor are necessary for chlorophyll production.
Based on the graph, it can be correctly concluded that the pituitary extract
A. is essential for life
B. determines when a rat will be born
C. a ects the growth of rats
D. a ects the growth of all animals
6.
Four pieces of apple were cut so that all were the same mass and shape. The pieces were placed in four di erent concentrations of sugar water.
After 24 hours, the pieces were removed and their masses determined. The graph shown indicates the change in the mass of each piece.
4.
The graph shows the relationship between the weight of treated and untreated rats and the
A. age of the rats
B. sex of the rats
C. size of the rats' pituitary glands
D. type of food fed to the rats
The four points on the graph represent
A. assumptions
C. hypothesis
B. data
D. conclusions page 2 scienti c method

7.
A student reported that a wilted stalk of celery became crisp when placed in a container of ice water. The student's statement was based on
A. a deduction
C. a conclusion
B. a hypothesis
D. an observation
10. Which sequence should be followed when conducting a laboratory investigation?
A. gather experimental data, make observations, form a conclusion, form a hypothesis
B. de ne a problem, form a hypothesis gather experimental data, form a conclusion
C. form a hypothesis, form a conclusion, gather experimental data, de ne a problem
D. make observations, gather experimental data, form a conclusion, state a problem
8.
A student reported that a wilted stalk of celery became crisp when placed in a container of ice water. The student then suggested that water entered the stalk and made it crisp. This suggestion is considered to be
A. a control
C. an observation
B. a hypothesis
D. a variable
11. The diagrams shown represent an investigation concerning the growth of bean plants. The roots of three identical bean plants were each placed through a hole in covered tubes containing water as shown in the diagrams. Nothing was done to plant
A
. Vaseline was used to cover the upper surface of the leaves of plant
B
. Vaseline was used to cover the lower surface of plant
C
. The water level of each tube was marked and the plants were placed together near a window. After 24 hours, the water level in each tube was measured.
9.
An experiment was designed to determine the e ect of nitrates on plant growth. Two groups of plants were grown under identical conditions, except one group was watered with a dilute nitrate solution and the other group received water without nitrates. In this investigation, the group of plants grown without added nitrates is known as the
A. abiotic factor
B. control
C. variable
D. environmental stimulus
A
A
B.
B
B
C.
C
C
Which tube represents the control for this investigation?
A.
page 3 scienti c method

12. A drug company tested a new medication before putting it on the commercial market. Pills without medication were given to 500 test subjects in group
A and pills containing medication were given to 500 test subjects in group
B
. In this experiment, the individuals in group
A served as the
A. host
C. control
B. variable
D. hypothesis
14. Graphs of the data from laboratory investigations are used to
A. observe general trends in the data
B. make the observed data more accurate
C. prevent errors in measuring data
D. help change the original data tables
13. An investigation was performed with honeybees to determine the average amount of nectar a bee carried in relation to the distance the owers were from the hive. The following data were collected: 400 meters, 45 milligrams; 100 meters,
43 milligrams; 600 meters, 44 milligrams;
200 meters, 47 milligrams; 300 meters,
41 milligrams; 500 meters, 42 milligrams.
Which inference is best supported by the data collected?
A. The distance had no clear e ect on the amount of nectar collected.
B. The farther away the bees had to go the less nectar they carried.
C. There is a distance beyond which bees lack the energy to carry back a maximum load of nectar.
D. The owers near the hive had less nectar.
15. In a scienti c investigation, after the question is de ned, the next step is most likely
A. formulating a hypothesis
B. identifying needed equipment
C. designing the experiment
D. collecting the data
16. Bacteria in culture A produce slime capsules around their cell walls. A biologist removed the
DNA from some of the bacteria in culture A and injected it into bacteria in culture B, which normally do not produce slime capsules. After the injection, bacteria with slime capsules began to appear in culture B. What conclusion can best be drawn from this investigation?
A. The bacteria in culture A are mutations.
B. Bacteria reproduce faster when they have slime capsules.
C. The slime capsules of bacteria in culture B contain DNA.
D. DNA is most likely involved in the production of slime capsules.
page 4 scienti c method

17. In one of his experiments with pea plants, Mendel noted that 75% of the o spring of a certain cross had green pea pods. This statement would be considered
A. an observation
C. a hypothesis
B. an inference
D. a conclusion
19. Which inference can best be drawn from this study?
A. Food for the meadow mice was plentiful between 1977 and 1978.
B. Herbivores that prey on meadow mice increased between 1977 and 1978.
C. Meadow mouse populations decreased during years of plentiful rain.
D. The largest population was exactly double that of the smallest population.
18. The number of meadow mice in a certain grassy eld was determined each year from 1977 to 1989.
The results are represented in the data table.
Year
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1988
1989
Data Table
Number of
Meadow Mice
130
325
50
175
125
170
125
175
30
180
125
225
75
During which time period did the greatest change in the size of the population of meadow mice take place?
A. 1977–1978
C. 1984–1985
B. 1978–1979
D. 1986–1987
20. A student conducted an original, well-designed experiment, carefully following proper scienti c procedure. In order for the conclusions to become generally accepted, the experiment must
A. contain several experimental variables
B. be repeated to verify the reliability of the data
C. support the original hypothesis
D. be conducted by a scientist
21. A student records his body temperature at 6:00 am and 6:00 pm each day for 30 days. He notices a trend in his temperature data and o ers a possible explanation. His explanation is known as
A. raw data
C. a limitation
B. the hypothesis
D. an observation page 5 scienti c method

22. In an experiment, the setup that provides a basis of comparison is known as
A. the conclusion
C. a control
B. a variable
D. the problem
25. A new drug for the treatment of asthma is tested on 100 people. The people are evenly divided into two groups. One group is given the drug, and the other group is given a glucose pill. The group that is given the glucose pill serves as the
A. experimental group B. limiting factor
C. control D. indicator
23. In an investigation designed to determine the e ect of the amount of water on plant growth, two groups of equal-sized bean plants of the same species were grown under identical conditions, except for the amount of water they were given.
One group was watered with 200 milliliters of water once a day, while the other group was watered with 400 milliliters of water once a day.
After several days, the heights of the plants were measured. It was determined that the plants watered with 400 milliliters of water once a day showed more growth. The variable in this investigation is the
A. type of bean plants used in the experiment
B. amount of water given the plants each day
C. type of soil the bean plants were growing in
D. group of bean plants watered with 200 mL of water
26. A student used a compound microscope to obtain data on leaf stomate density. The student observed a small area of the lower epidermis of a leaf and counted two stomates in the high-power eld of vision. The student then observed a small area of the upper epidermis of the same leaf and found no stomates in the high-power eld of vision. After making these observations, the student should
A. assume that the leaves never have stomates on their upper surfaces
B. conclude that the lower epidermis of this leaf has a greater stomate density than the upper epidermis has
C. conclude that the lower epidermis of all leaves has a greater stomate density than the upper epidermis has
D. make additional observations before drawing conclusions about leaf stomate density
24. What is the rst step of a scienti c investigation?
A. perform the experiment
B. analyze the experimental data
C. formulate a hypothesis
D. state the problem
27. A new concept that is tested in a scienti c investigation is known as
A. a theory
C. an inference
B. the hypothesis
D. an observation page 6 scienti c method

28. As part of an investigation, 10 bean seedlings in one setup were grown in the dark, while
10 seedlings in another setup were grown in sunlight. All other growth conditions were kept the same in both setups. The seedlings grown in the dark were white with long, slender stems.
These seedlings eventually died. The seedlings grown in the sunlight were green and healthy.
Which hypothesis was most likely being tested in this investigation?
A. Plants grown in the dark cannot perform the process of respiration.
B. Sunlight is necessary for the normal growth of bean plants.
C. Light is necessary for the germination of bean seeds.
D. Light is necessary for proper mineral absorption by plants.
30. A student is investigating the e ect of di erent environmental factors on the growth of a certain species of bean plan over a period of 30 days.
Which factor would not function as a variable in this investigation?
A. species of bean plant
B. soil moisture content
C. amount of light
D. atmospheric temperature
29. The results of one experiment carried out by a research team would be considered valid if
A. the experiment had no control setup
B. all the members of the research team came to the same conclusion
C. the experiment had more than one variable
D. the experiment was repeated and the same results were obtained each time
31. Which sentence represents a hypothesis?
A. Environmental conditions a ect germination.
B. Boil 100 milliliters of water, let it cool, and then add 10 seeds to the water.
C. Is water depth in a lake related to available light in the water?
D. A lamp, two beakers, and elodea plants are selected for the investigation.
page 7 scienti c method

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scienti c method 9/18/2017
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