scienti c method
Name:
1.
Date:
The data shown are based on laboratory studies
of male Drosophila showing the inherited bar-eye
phenotype. Which is the best conclusion to be
made from an analysis of these data?
Culture Temperature ( C)
During Development
Number of Compound
Eye Sections
15
20
25
30
270
161
121
74
A.
The optimum temperature for culturing
Drosophila is 15 C.
B.
Drosophila cultured at 45 C will show a
proportionate increase in the number of
compound eye sections.
C.
Temperature determines eye shape in
Drosophila.
2.
D. As temperature increases from 15 C to 30 C,
the number of compound eye sections in male
Drosophila with bar-eyes decreases.
The graph shows the average growth rate for
38 pairs of newborn rats. One of each pair was
injected with anterior pituitary extract. The other
member of each pair served as a control.
At 75 days, what was the average weight of the
rats injected with pituitary extract?
page 1
A.
65 grams
B.
125 grams
C.
200 grams
D. 225 grams
3.
The graph shows the average growth rate for
38 pairs of newborn rats. One of each pair was
injected with anterior pituitary extract. The other
member of each pair served as a control.
5.
Corn seeds were germinated in a dark room.
Not one of the seedlings was green. When
placed in the light, 75 percent of these seedlings
turned green. Which conclusion about chlorophyll
production in corn plants can most reasonably be
drawn from this information?
A.
Light is the only factor that controls the
production of chlorophyll.
B.
Darkness is the only factor that prevents the
production of chlorophyll.
C.
Light and vitamins are necessary for
chlorophyll production.
D. Light and some other factor are necessary for
chlorophyll production.
Based on the graph, it can be correctly concluded
that the pituitary extract
A.
is essential for life
B.
determines when a rat will be born
C.
a ects the growth of rats
6.
D. a ects the growth of all animals
4.
Four pieces of apple were cut so that all were the
same mass and shape. The pieces were placed
in four di erent concentrations of sugar water.
After 24 hours, the pieces were removed and their
masses determined. The graph shown indicates the
change in the mass of each piece.
The graph shows the relationship between the
weight of treated and untreated rats and the
The four points on the graph represent
A.
age of the rats
B.
sex of the rats
A.
assumptions
B.
C.
size of the rats' pituitary glands
C.
hypothesis
D. conclusions
data
D. type of food fed to the rats
page 2
scienti c method
7.
A student reported that a wilted stalk of celery
became crisp when placed in a container of ice
water. The student's statement was based on
A.
a deduction
B.
C.
a conclusion
D. an observation
10.
a hypothesis
Which sequence should be followed when
conducting a laboratory investigation?
A.
gather experimental data, make observations,
form a conclusion, form a hypothesis
B.
de ne a problem, form a hypothesis gather
experimental data, form a conclusion
C.
form a hypothesis, form a conclusion, gather
experimental data, de ne a problem
D. make observations, gather experimental data,
form a conclusion, state a problem
8.
9.
A student reported that a wilted stalk of celery
became crisp when placed in a container of
ice water. The student then suggested that
water entered the stalk and made it crisp. This
suggestion is considered to be
A.
a control
B.
C.
an observation
D. a variable
11.
a hypothesis
The diagrams shown represent an investigation
concerning the growth of bean plants. The roots
of three identical bean plants were each placed
through a hole in covered tubes containing water
as shown in the diagrams. Nothing was done to
plant A. Vaseline was used to cover the upper
surface of the leaves of plant B. Vaseline was used
to cover the lower surface of plant C. The water
level of each tube was marked and the plants were
placed together near a window. After 24 hours,
the water level in each tube was measured.
An experiment was designed to determine the
e ect of nitrates on plant growth. Two groups
of plants were grown under identical conditions,
except one group was watered with a dilute
nitrate solution and the other group received water
without nitrates. In this investigation, the group of
plants grown without added nitrates is known as
the
A.
abiotic factor
B.
control
C.
variable
A
B
C
Which tube represents the control for this
investigation?
D. environmental stimulus
A.
page 3
A
B.
B
C.
C
scienti c method
12.
A drug company tested a new medication before
putting it on the commercial market. Pills without
medication were given to 500 test subjects in
group A and pills containing medication were
given to 500 test subjects in group B. In this
experiment, the individuals in group A served as
the
A.
host
B.
C.
control
D. hypothesis
14.
variable
An investigation was performed with honeybees to
determine the average amount of nectar a bee
carried in relation to the distance the owers
were from the hive. The following data were
collected: 400 meters, 45 milligrams; 100 meters,
43 milligrams; 600 meters, 44 milligrams;
200 meters, 47 milligrams; 300 meters,
41 milligrams; 500 meters, 42 milligrams.
The distance had no clear e ect on the
amount of nectar collected.
B.
The farther away the bees had to go the less
nectar they carried.
C.
There is a distance beyond which bees lack
the energy to carry back a maximum load of
nectar.
observe general trends in the data
B.
make the observed data more accurate
C.
prevent errors in measuring data
In a scienti c investigation, after the question is
de ned, the next step is most likely
A.
formulating a hypothesis
B.
identifying needed equipment
C.
designing the experiment
D. collecting the data
Which inference is best supported by the data
collected?
A.
A.
D. help change the original data tables
15.
13.
Graphs of the data from laboratory investigations
are used to
16.
D. The owers near the hive had less nectar.
Bacteria in culture A produce slime capsules
around their cell walls. A biologist removed the
DNA from some of the bacteria in culture A
and injected it into bacteria in culture B, which
normally do not produce slime capsules. After the
injection, bacteria with slime capsules began to
appear in culture B. What conclusion can best be
drawn from this investigation?
A.
The bacteria in culture A are mutations.
B.
Bacteria reproduce faster when they have
slime capsules.
C.
The slime capsules of bacteria in culture B
contain DNA.
D. DNA is most likely involved in the production
of slime capsules.
page 4
scienti c method
17.
In one of his experiments with pea plants, Mendel
noted that 75% of the o spring of a certain cross
had green pea pods. This statement would be
considered
A.
an observation
B.
C.
a hypothesis
D. a conclusion
19.
an inference
Which inference can best be drawn from this
study?
A.
Food for the meadow mice was plentiful
between 1977 and 1978.
B.
Herbivores that prey on meadow mice
increased between 1977 and 1978.
C.
Meadow mouse populations decreased during
years of plentiful rain.
D. The largest population was exactly double that
of the smallest population.
18.
The number of meadow mice in a certain grassy
eld was determined each year from 1977 to 1989.
The results are represented in the data table.
Data Table
Year
1977
Number of
Meadow Mice
130
1979
50
1978
1980
325
contain several experimental variables
175
B.
be repeated to verify the reliability of the data
170
C.
support the original hypothesis
125
1983
125
1985
30
1984
1986
1987
1988
1989
A student conducted an original, well-designed
experiment, carefully following proper scienti c
procedure. In order for the conclusions to become
generally accepted, the experiment must
A.
1981
1982
20.
D. be conducted by a scientist
175
180
125
225
75
21.
During which time period did the greatest change
in the size of the population of meadow mice take
place?
A.
1977–1978
B.
1978–1979
C.
1984–1985
D. 1986–1987
page 5
A student records his body temperature at 6:00 am
and 6:00 pm each day for 30 days. He notices a
trend in his temperature data and o ers a possible
explanation. His explanation is known as
A.
raw data
B.
the hypothesis
C.
a limitation
D. an observation
scienti c method
22.
23.
In an experiment, the setup that provides a basis
of comparison is known as
A.
the conclusion
B.
C.
a control
D. the problem
25.
a variable
In an investigation designed to determine the e ect
of the amount of water on plant growth, two
groups of equal-sized bean plants of the same
species were grown under identical conditions,
except for the amount of water they were given.
One group was watered with 200 milliliters of
water once a day, while the other group was
watered with 400 milliliters of water once a day.
After several days, the heights of the plants were
measured. It was determined that the plants
watered with 400 milliliters of water once a
day showed more growth. The variable in this
investigation is the
A.
type of bean plants used in the experiment
B.
amount of water given the plants each day
C.
type of soil the bean plants were growing in
26.
D. group of bean plants watered with 200 mL of
water
A new drug for the treatment of asthma is tested
on 100 people. The people are evenly divided into
two groups. One group is given the drug, and the
other group is given a glucose pill. The group
that is given the glucose pill serves as the
A.
experimental group
B.
limiting factor
C.
control
D. indicator
A student used a compound microscope to obtain
data on leaf stomate density. The student observed
a small area of the lower epidermis of a leaf and
counted two stomates in the high-power eld of
vision. The student then observed a small area of
the upper epidermis of the same leaf and found no
stomates in the high-power eld of vision. After
making these observations, the student should
A.
assume that the leaves never have stomates on
their upper surfaces
B.
conclude that the lower epidermis of this leaf
has a greater stomate density than the upper
epidermis has
C.
conclude that the lower epidermis of all
leaves has a greater stomate density than the
upper epidermis has
D. make additional observations before drawing
conclusions about leaf stomate density
24.
What is the rst step of a scienti c investigation?
A.
perform the experiment
B.
analyze the experimental data
C.
formulate a hypothesis
27.
D. state the problem
page 6
A new concept that is tested in a scienti c
investigation is known as
A.
a theory
B.
the hypothesis
C.
an inference
D. an observation
scienti c method
28.
As part of an investigation, 10 bean seedlings
in one setup were grown in the dark, while
10 seedlings in another setup were grown in
sunlight. All other growth conditions were kept
the same in both setups. The seedlings grown
in the dark were white with long, slender stems.
These seedlings eventually died. The seedlings
grown in the sunlight were green and healthy.
Which hypothesis was most likely being tested in
this investigation?
A.
Plants grown in the dark cannot perform the
process of respiration.
B.
Sunlight is necessary for the normal growth
of bean plants.
C.
Light is necessary for the germination of bean
seeds.
30.
A student is investigating the e ect of di erent
environmental factors on the growth of a certain
species of bean plan over a period of 30 days.
Which factor would not function as a variable in
this investigation?
A.
species of bean plant
B.
soil moisture content
C.
amount of light
D. atmospheric temperature
D. Light is necessary for proper mineral
absorption by plants.
31.
29.
The results of one experiment carried out by a
research team would be considered valid if
A.
the experiment had no control setup
B.
all the members of the research team came to
the same conclusion
C.
the experiment had more than one variable
Which sentence represents a hypothesis?
A.
Environmental conditions a ect germination.
B.
Boil 100 milliliters of water, let it cool, and
then add 10 seeds to the water.
C.
Is water depth in a lake related to available
light in the water?
D. A lamp, two beakers, and elodea plants are
selected for the investigation.
D. the experiment was repeated and the same
results were obtained each time
page 7
scienti c method
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scienti c method
9/18/2017
1.
Answer:
D
21.
Answer:
B
2.
Answer:
D
22.
Answer:
C
3.
Answer:
C
23.
Answer:
B
4.
Answer:
A
24.
Answer:
D
5.
Answer:
D
25.
Answer:
C
6.
Answer:
B
26.
Answer:
D
7.
Answer:
D
27.
Answer:
B
8.
Answer:
B
28.
Answer:
B
9.
Answer:
B
29.
Answer:
D
10.
Answer:
B
30.
Answer:
A
11.
Answer:
A
31.
Answer:
A
12.
Answer:
C
13.
Answer:
A
14.
Answer:
A
15.
Answer:
A
16.
Answer:
D
17.
Answer:
A
18.
Answer:
B
19.
Answer:
A
20.
Answer:
B