LA
MÓDULO 5
HISTORIA LATINO
AMERICANA
America was named after
Amerigo Vespucci, a 15th
century Florentine merchant
who owned a business in
Seville, Spain.
He was the first to call
America "A new world"
STORY BEHIND
THE NAME
LANGUAGES
Spanish
Portuguese
AREA
18.840.000 km
POPULATION
387.489.196
THE ORIGIN
The first migrations of mankind
THE ORIGIN
The first migrations of mankind
THE ORIGIN
The first migrations of mankind
Before
Columbus
THE ANCIENT AMERICAN
CULTURES: MAYANS, AZTECS AND
INCANS
THE INCA LIVED HIGH UP IN THE
ANDES MOUNTAINS. THEY BUILT
CITIES OF STONE AND THEY HAD
TERRACED FIELDS FOR GROWING
CROPS.
THE AZTECS HAD A MIGHTY CAPITAL
CALLED TENOCHTITLAN. THEY WERE
VERY POWERFUL UNTIL 1519, WHEN A
SPANIARD NAMED HERNANDO
CORTEZ CONQUER THE COUNTRY.
THE MAYAN CIVILIZATION
DEVELOPED ABOUT 600 YEARS AGO.
THEY DISAPPEARED SUDDENLY JUST
BEFORE THE SPANISH ARRIVAL.
AN ADVANCED
CIVILIZATION
ART, ARCHITECTURE,
MATHEMATICAL AND
ASTRONOMICAL SYSTEMS
INVENTION OF
THE CALENDAR
By far the most important planet for the Mayans was
Venus. They had devised accurate methods to track its
movements and knew that one year in Venus is equal to
584 days.
The Mayan calendar isn’t just noteworthy
for its spurious connection to doomsday
theories. It was the first known incidence
of humans attempting to keep a historical
record, and counts the days since a
mythological starting point.
WN
OW-DO
THE L
Writing and
Codexes
The Mayans developed a complex
script that has now been almost
completely deciphered.
Mayan writing consists of glyphs
in both syllabic (writing things
out phonetically) and logogram
(full words) form
Ritual Sacrifice
Ritual sacrifice was an integral part of Mayan
religion – with the victims being both animals
and humans.
Animal sacrifice and human blood-letting
attended by a priest was a frequent practice at
festivals and rituals
Complex Religion
Religious and contact with the Gods was an
important part of their daily life. Mayan
shamans took hallucinogenic mushrooms to
induce trance-like states during performances
and rituals.
Their gods had animal nature. the Olmec
Dragon, the Bird Monster, the Fish Monster,
the Banded-eye God, the Water God, the
Maize God, the Were-jaguar and the
Feathered Serpent
THE COLLAPSE
AND DESTRUCTION OF THE NEW
WORLD
THE AGE OF
DISCOVERY
WHY?
SPICIES
GOLD
LAND EXPANSION
RELIGION
CORTES
CONQUERED
THE AZTEC
EMPIRE
Moctezuma II, the Aztec leader,
believed that Cortés was a god.
Moctezuma sent Cortés gifts,
including gold. Cortés wanted more
gold, so he went to Moctezuma.
Cortés took Moctezuma prisoner.
The other Aztecs attacked Cortés
and his men. The Spanish were driven
out, but Moctezuma was killed.
PIZARRO CONQUERED THE INCAS
A CIVIL WAR BEGAN IN THE INCA EMPIRE
BETWEEN THE TWO SONS OF THE KING,
ATAHUALPA AND HUÁSCAR.
ATAHUALPA EVENTUALLY WON THE WAR AND
RULED THE EMPIRE.
A GROUP OF CONQUISTADORS
LED BY FRANCISCO PIZARRO
ARRIVED IN THE EMPIRE. THEY
DEMANDED THAT ATAHUALPA
CONVERT TO CHRISTIANITY.
MOCTEZUMA II, THE AZTEC
LEADER, BELIEVED THAT CORTÉS
WAS A GOD.
THE INCAS TRIED TO FREE
ATAHUALPA WITH A ROOMFUL OF
GOLD AND SILVER, BUT THE
SPANISH KILLED HIM ANYWAY.
"A ignorant people is
his blind instrument of
his own destruction"
SIMON BOLIVAR
He was known as "El Libertador"
(The Liberator).
The independence
of Latin America
After the natives of South America lost
most of their control, South America
was primarily dominated by the Spanish.
It was initiated by the Spanish
conquistadors and developed by the
Monarchy
It lasted for over four hundred years,
from 1492 to 1898.
THANK YOU!
A century of war and conflicts
To Know more
Contemporary
Latin Culture
Writers
Julio Cortazar
Jorge Luis Borges
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Adolfo Bioy Casares
Mario Vargas Llosa
FEATURED ARTIST
DIEGO RIVERA
FRIDA KHALO
FERNANDO BOTERO