A TECHNICAL REPORT
ON
STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME
(SIWES)
UNDERTAKEN AT
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
KADUNA
FROM 5TH AUGUST TO 22nd NOVEMBER
BY
ABDURRAHMAN MAHMUD
KADUNA POLYTECHNIC (KPT/COE/17/26986)
SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, KADUNA
BEING A REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE SIWES SUPERVISOR MAL
USMAN AHMED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT
FOR THE STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME
DECLARATION
I ABDURRAHMAN MAHMUD with REG No KPT/COE/17/22978, here by declared that this
technical report has been carried out by me under the support of my supervisor ENGR. Gideon
Dan Fulani. And it is based on the experience I have gained during the course of the student
work experience scheme (SIWES) program.
Student’ signature
date
CERTIFICATION
I certify that this technical report was undertaken by me at ministry of works housing and
transport, Kaduna as part of the requirement for the award of national diploma certificate in
mechanical engineering and supervised by ENGR. Gideon Dan Fulani. This report was prepared
and presented to the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kaduna polytechnic Kaduna,
Nigeria.
School based supervisor
SIWES coordinator
Head of Department
Mechanical Engineering
Signature and Date
Signature and Date
signature and Date
DEDICATION
This report is dedicated to the younger generation of engineering students as a guide that can be
consulted when writing their Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) report and
also to my parents MAL ABDURRAHMAN SALEH and HAJIA FATIMA HAMXA and
Almighty Allah for his Devine, wisdom, guidance, from which all knowledge comes from, his
kindness, direction and blessing shown to me through my stay in the organization for SIWES
PROGRAMME. For their love and if not for their support it would not have been possible.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I thank Almighty Allah for making it possible to me to complete my student
work experience scheme successfully.
My gratitude goes to my parent for their responsibilities from my childhood
to today, with their financial and moral support during my attachment.
I also appreciate my supervisors, lectures, H.O.D, and all staff of Kaduna
polytechnic, Kaduna. I also thank the all staffs of ministry of works housing and
transport, for their kindness for accepting me as their I.T student for the experience
I gained.
ABSTRACT
The students’ industrial work experience scheme SIWES is a program designed for 100 level
students of Nigerian tertiary institutions to expose them to real industrial work situation in order
to bridge the gap between theories and practice so as to adequately prepare them for graduation
from the institution. During the SIWES program which was undertaken at ministry of works
housing and transport where relevant skills and knowledge related to mechanical engineering
were acquired. The carried during the SIWES program include drilling, grinding, welding,
facing. Also changing of some part and servicing of vehicles were undertaken during the SIWES
program. Such as changing of tie rod, shock absorbers, power steering pump, lower arm,
stabilizer bar e. t. c.
.
Contents
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................................... 2
CERTIFICATION .............................................................................................................................................. 3
DEDICATION .................................................................................................................................................. 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................... 5
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................................... 6
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 9
DEFINATION OF SIWES .............................................................................................................................. 9
Purposes of SIWES .................................................................................................................................... 9
Objectives of the Schemes (SIWES) ........................................................................................................ 10
LOG BOOK ............................................................................................................................................... 12
SAFETY PRECAUTION .............................................................................................................................. 12
1.2
BASIC RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR SAFETY .............................................................................. 12
EXAMPLE OF HAZARDS OCCURE ............................................................................................................. 13
LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................................... 14
SOME WORKSHOP TOOLS....................................................................................................................... 14
SOME MACHINE IN THE WORKSHOP ...................................................................................................... 14
LATHE MACHINE ..................................................................................................................................... 14
LATHE PARTS ....................................................................................................................................... 15
USE OF LATHE MACHINE ..................................................................................................................... 15
MODE OF OPERATION OF SOME INDUSTRIAL MACHINE AND ENGINES LATHE MACHINE:
OPERATION ......................................................................................................................................... 15
A.
SETTING OF WORK/PIECE IN LATHE MACHINE ........................................................................... 16
B.
REASON FOR FACING: ................................................................................................................. 16
C.
PARALLEL (TURNING) ................................................................................................................. 16
D.
SCREW CUTTING: ........................................................................................................................ 16
E.
BORING: ...................................................................................................................................... 17
F.
KNURLING: .................................................................................................................................. 17
G.
DRILLING ..................................................................................................................................... 17
DRILLING MACHINE................................................................................................................................. 18
PARTS OF DRILLING MACHINE ............................................................................................................ 18
USES .................................................................................................................................................... 18
METHOD OF OPERATION .................................................................................................................... 19
GRINDING MACHINE ............................................................................................................................... 19
GRINDING OPERATION........................................................................................................................ 19
SETTING OF MACHINE......................................................................................................................... 20
PART OF GRINDING MACHINE ............................................................................................................ 20
USE OF GRINDING MACHINE .............................................................................................................. 20
CONSTRUCTING OF METAL FENCE.......................................................................................................... 21
CONSTRUCTION OF AN OVERHEAD WATER TANK ................................................................................. 23
PROCEDURES....................................................................................................................................... 23
3 INTRODUCTIONS TO AUTOMOBILE ......................................................................................................... 25
3.1 AUTOMOBILE SAFETY........................................................................................................................ 25
3.2 MAINTAINANCE OF AUTOMOBILE COMPONENTS ........................................................................... 25
3.2.1 How to jack up a car and change a flat tire................................................................................ 26
3.2.2 GENERAL CAR SERVICE ............................................................................................................... 26
3.3 SUSPENSION .................................................................................................................................. 28
3.4 inspection and replacement of power steering pump ................................................................. 33
4.1 EXPERIENCE GAINED AND CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED ..................................................................... 34
4.2 Experience Gained ............................................................................................................................ 34
4.3 Challenges encounter ....................................................................................................................... 34
5.1
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION....................................................................................... 35
5.2 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................... 35
5.3 RECOMMENDATION ......................................................................................................................... 35
CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION
This report covers the nature of work done and experience gained during the
students industrial work scheme (SIWES) undertaken by me at ministry of public
works and infrastructure.
1.1 DEFINATION OF SIWES
The students industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) is a skill training
program me design to and prepare student of polytechnic, colleges of technology,
colleges of agriculture and college of education for the industrial work situation
they are likely to meet after graduation . The scheme also afford student the
opportunity of familiarization and exposing themselves to the needed experience
in handling equipment and machinery that are usually available in there
institution.
Actually, SIWES as a training means is a key factor in enhancing the efficiency
and expertise of the workforce. The student work experience scheme (SIWES)
program prepare student for labor market and if there is any need for selfemployment.
This program SIWES was establish by ITF to solve problem on lack of
adequate practical skill preparing for employment in industries by Nigeria student
to industry based skill necessary for a smooth transition from the class room to
the world working class.
1.2 PURPOSES OF SIWES
In the earlier stage of science and technology education in Nigeria students
were graduating from their respective institution without ant technical knowledge
or working experience. it was in view of this that student undergoing science and
technology related courses were mandated for student in different institution in
view of widening their horizon so as to enable them have the technical knowledge
and working experience before graduating from their various institutions, it is in
this vein that the Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme was initiated.
The student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) was established by
the industrial training fund(ITF) in 1973 to enable students of tertiary institution
especially those in engineering, Technology and science of tertiary institution
(Universities, Polytechnics, Mon technics and College of Education) have technical
knowledge of industrial work based on their course on their course of study
before the completion of their program in their various institutions so as to
smoothen their entry into industrial practices on completion of their studies and
also reduce periods spent in training fresh graduate as new employees.
1.3 Objectives of the Schemes (SIWES)
SIWES is strategizing for skill acquisition, the major benefit accruing to
students who participate conscientiously in the scheme are the skills and
competence they acquire. The major reason behind the embarking student in the
SIWES was to expose them to the industrial environment and enable them
develop occupational competence so that they can readily contribute their quota
to national economic development and technological advancement after
graduation. The specific objectives of the scheme (SIWES) as outlined in the
Industrial Training Fund (ITF) policy document No 1 of 1973 are as follows:
I.
To provide placement in industries for students of high institution of
learning approved by relevant authorities (NUC, NBTE, NCCE) to acquire
experience and skills relevant to their course of study.
II.
III.
Prepare students for the real work situation they will meet after graduation.
Expose students to work methods and techniques in the handling of
equipment and machinery that may not be available in school.
IV.
Make transition from school to the labor market smooth and enhance student
contact for later job placement.
V.
Provides students with progress to apply their knowledge in real life work
situation thereby bridging the gap between theory and practical.
VI.
Strengthen employer involvement in the entire educational process and
prepare student for employment in the industry.
VII.
VIII.
Students will develop skills in the application of theory to practical.
It will provide students the opportunity to test their interest in a work
situation.
IX.
It will provide students the chance for advancement to test their aptitude for
a particular career before permanent commitments are made.
X.
Students will develop skills and techniques directly applicable to their
careers.
XI.
XII.
It will aid students in adjusting from college to full-time employment.
It will provide students the opportunity to develop attitudes conducive to
effective interpersonal relationships.
XIII.
It will increase a student's sense of responsibility.
XIV.
It prepared students ahead of entering into full-time employment in their
area of specialization upon graduation.
1.4 LOG BOOK
The log is a book given to the student by the institution which is meant to be used
to record all works and activity carried out by students. The log book is also meant
to be signed on regular basis by industrial base supervisor so as to that the
student worked and also by institution supervisor upon visitation.
1.5 SAFETY PRECAUTION
These are the measures taken before hand to prevent any accident in an
industry / work shop. These include:
I.
II.
Personal safety
Safety at both the tools and machines
Because safety is everyone’s responsibility. Therefore, there are basic
rules to ensure safety precaution in an industry or workshop.
1.6 BASIC RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR SAFETY
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.
XIII.
Follow all instruction carefully if in doubt asked.
Wear the correct safety dress (over roll).
Also wear approved boots.
Also wear approved goggles.
All passage should be kept clean or clear and free from oil.
Never operate any unfamiliar machine.
All necked wires should be insulated.
Always stop machine when taken measurement and cleaning.
Do not lean on any machine, when operating it.
Do not stand under any lifted object.
Keep all tools at the correct place.
Breakage and all damage equipment should be reported.
Avoid distraction when operating a machine.
1.7 EXAMPLE OF HAZARDS OCCURE
Accidents occur most commonly for the following reason,
 Careless or hurried movement about the workshop causing collision or
knocking over of tools or materials, such movement is very dangerous
when one is close to a machine.
 Loose cloth or long hair can be caught in revolving part of a machine
particularly the driving spindle.
 Failure to secure work properly before commencing.
 Lack of care in handling hot metals.
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.2 SOME WORKSHOP TOOLS
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
Files
Scrappers
Centre punch
Try-square
Metric rule
Vernier caliper
Scribbler
2.3 SOME MACHINE IN THE WORKSHOP
1.
Car Engine
2.
Lathe Machine:
a. Centre lathe b. Cap stain lathe
3.
Milling Machine:
a. Universal
b. Horizontal
4.
Drilling Machine:
a. Radial Arm
b. pillar
5.
Grinding Machine:
a. Surface
b. Table
6.
Electric arc welding machine.
7.
Power hack saw.
c. Vertical
2.4 LATHE MACHINE
A Lathe machine is very important and useful machine. Because of its
essential in performing numerous operations to its basic function. A lathe
is basically a machine used for generating cylindrical forms.
2.4.1 LATHE PARTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Chuck
Head stock
Quick change gear base
Carriage: a. Tool post b. Saddle
Tail Stock
Clutch
Bed
Feed rod
Lead screw
Feed selector
c. Cross slide. Apron
2.4.2 USE OF LATHE MACHINE
1.
Use to generate cylindrical forms
2.
Use in drilling
3.
Use in making threads
4.
Use in boring
5.
Use for tempering
2.4.3 MODE OF OPERATION OF SOME INDUSTRIAL MACHINE AND ENGINES LATHE MACHINE:
OPERATION
1.
Facing
2.
Turning (Parallel)
3.
Tapers turning
4.
Screw cutting
5.
Boring
6.
Knurling
7.
Drilling
2.4.4 FACING:
This is the method at machine the end or face surface to be flat, smooth and
accurate.
A.
SETTING OF WORK/PIECE IN LATHE MACHINE
1.
2.
3.
4.
Loose or tight the jaw at the head stock (adjusting)
Fix the work piece into the jaw and tight
Set the work piece in the head stock by re-adjusting the jaw
Ensure that the work piece is correctly set by using the surface gauge
5. Ensure that the cutting edge is at the center work piece
6. Ensure that the cutting tool is well grinded
7. Ensure that the cutting tool has rake angle
8. Ensure that the both head and tailstock are in line.
B.
C.
REASON FOR FACING:
1.
To square the end surface
2.
To reproduce the work piece to the correct length
PARALLEL (TURNING)
This is the process at cutting parallel along the surface of the Work
piece. This result to the reduction of the diameter and produced a curve
surface.
The head and tailstock must be in line, in other to produce accurate
parallel turned surface.
D.
SCREW CUTTING:
This method is used screw threading i.e. internal or external threads on
a lathe machine with the help of screw cutting tools.
The screw cutting tools are taps and dies
E.
BORING:
This is the process of enlarging and turning an already drilled or
covered holed a single point cutting tool.
And can also be used in finishing off size hole which were either drilled
on reamer.
F.
KNURLING:
This is a process at impressing diamond shaped or straight indentation
on the surface of the work piece.
This is done to improve the outlook and provide better grip. By feeding the
tool (Knurling), which is harden cylindrical, patterned roles towards the
surface at revolving work. And the knurling operation is almost the same with
of parallel turning.
G.
DRILLING
Work held in a headstock can be drilled quickly and accurately in a lathe
machine.
The drill is held in drill chuck, which is been fixed the tail stock spindle, is
drought against the revolving w/p b turning the tail stock hand wheel. And
these methods can be applied to both counter-boring and reaming.
2.5 DRILLING MACHINE
Drilling machine is a machine used in producing round holes on material
(metallic or non-metallic material)
PARTS OF DRILLING MACHINE
1.
Electric motor
2.
Bit holder
3.
Gear box
4.
Spindle
5.
Column
6.
Main drive
7.
Bit
1.
To produced rivets holes
2.
To produced screw holes
USES
2.5.1 METHOD OF OPERATION
1. Select the correct drill bit
2. Fix the chuck in the chuck and tight, the chuck to grip to the drill
correctly and should be vertically down.
3. Fix the chuck into the spindle correctly
4. Thin set the work piece on the bed and tight properly.
5. The shill and work piece must be tight very well, to avoid vibration.
6. The work piece (the point to be drill) and the drill must be in line each
other.
7. The feeding must be vertically ward toward the work piece
8. Choose correct speed.
2.6 GRINDING MACHINE
Grinding machine essentially used in producing horizontal flat and parallel
surface, using metal cutter with abrasive wheel.
2.6.1 GRINDING OPERATION
This machine produce flat surface with the help of an abrasive wheel as the
cutting (cutting tool). The wheel has thousand at teeth, which project slightly
from its surface (wheel). In the grinding the work piece is brought in contact
with the revolving wheel. While the bed moves to and fro horizontally.
2.6.2 SETTING OF MACHINE
1.
Choose the correct grinding wheel either hard or soft.
2.
Tight the wheel to the spindle either (vertical or horizontal
spindle)
3.
Set the work piece on the grinding and tight
4.
Then adjust the table so that both the wheel and the work piece
will be in line
5.
And the work piece is been fed toward the revolving wheel
6.
The table move to and fro (reciprocating)
7.
Speed selection
2.6.3 PART OF GRINDING MACHINE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Cutter
Table
Wheel head
Spindle
Cross slide
2.6.4 USE OF GRINDING MACHINE
1.
2.
3.
Grind tools/reshaping tools
Producing horizontal flat and parallel plane surface
Grinding of welded unequal parts
2.7 CONSTRUCTING OF METAL FENCE
To fabricate a metal fence, some basic operations must be carried out
using the vice, hacksaw, hand grinding machine, and the drilling machine. The
Following are the methods to be followed when constructing a metal fence:1. MARKING OUT: Before every constructing operation is carried out,
marking out is the first operation to be carried out so as to construct the
exact size. The marking operation was done on a 3x3 angle iron using a
meter rule and the scriber.
2. CUTTING OPERATION: After the marking out, the next sequence is the
cutting operation; the cutting operation is carried out by the use of the
hand grinding machine.
3. WELDING OPERATION: before welding is to be carried out tacking was
done for temporary fastening, to have a correct figure. And then full
welding was carried out on the four angle iron members using an
electric arc welding to form a rectangular shape.
4. GRINDING OPERATION: grinding operation is to be carried out using
the hand grinding machine to smooth the welded part in other to look
fine and have a smooth surface.
5. DRILLING OPERATION: drilling operation is to be carried out using the
vertical drilling machine so as to have a spot in order to fix a chain link
when a copper wire is use to tie it to the angle iron and a fence is
constructed.
With the following procedure a metal fence is successfully
construct. The metal fence is fixed in between pillars behind the
workshop in the Ministry of public works and infrastructure.
2.8 CONSTRUCTION OF AN OVERHEAD WATER TANK
The following are the materials needed in order to construct an
overhead water tank:1. H-channels (5mm & 3mm)
2. Angle iron (2x2 & 3x3)
3. Metal base plate
4. 32 bolts and nuts
5. Metal plate press in zigzag shape (3mm)
6. Metal plate (belt)
7. Flat metal sheet
8. Concrete slap
Machines/tools used throughout carrying out the operation are Electric arc
welding, 32 spanner, hand grinding machine.
PROCEDURES
 marking out is to be carried out on four different H-channels members
and 2x2 and 3x3 angle irons.
 Cutting out of the marked points of the above components using the
hand grinding machine.
 Making a hole on four different parts of the metal base plate using an
electric arc welding machine, and then welding the H-channel
perpendicular to the metal base plate, and then fastened it with a 32
bolts and nuts to the concrete slap.
 Welding of 3x3 angle iron (primary brazen) and 2x2 angle iron
(secondary brazen) in between the H-channels to make a brazen in
order to make the tank stand firm and strong.
 Welding of 4 metal plate press in zigzag shape together to make a tank
 Construction of tank sittings by welding of a 3mm H-channels and a
3mm thick plate and making of a walk way.
 Fabricating of a ladder using a 2x2 angle iron and rods, then attaching
it to the water tank stand.
2.9 Over head water tank
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 INTRODUCTIONS TO AUTOMOBILE
Automobile self-propelled vehicle used for travelling on land. The term
is commonly applied to a four –wheeled vehicle designed to carry two to five
passengers and a limited trunk for a normal car. Whereas a truck that is
designed primarily for the transportation of goods and is constructed with
larger and heavier parts, or a bus which is a large public conveyance designed
to carry a large number of passengers and sometimes additionally small
amounts of cargo.
3.2 AUTOMOBILE SAFETY
Fatalities due to automobile accidents have stimulated improvements in
automotive safety design. The first innovation involves creating a heavy cargo
around the occupants of the automobile while the front and rear of the car are
constructed of lighter materials designed to absorb impacts forces.
The second safety system uses seat belts to hold occupants in place. Other
advances in vehicle safety include the keyless ignition which makes it
impossible for a driver to start a car while under the influence of alcohol and
antilock braking systems, which prevents an automobile’s wheel from locking
during banking.
3.3 MAINTAINANCE OF AUTOMOBILE COMPONENTS
Maintenance engineering is the discipline and profession of applying engineering
concept of optimization of equipment, procedure and departmental budget to
achieve better maintainability, reliability and availability of equipment. The
importance of maintenance engineering in the world today cannot not be over
emphasize due to the rising increase in the number of equipment in use today.
3.3.1 How to jack up a car and change a flat tire
i.
The car was switched off and was put on P (park).
ii.
A wage was put at front and back of the tire across the tire to be jack
up.
iii.
The jack was put carefully to the jack sitting beneath the car, and the
jack was wind clockwise through the handle to lift the car up.
3.3.2 GENERAL CAR SERVICE
A motor vehicle service is a series of maintenance procedures carried
out at a set time interval or after the vehicle has travelled a certain distance.
The service intervals are specified by the vehicle manufacturer in a service
schedule and some modern cars display the due date for the next service
electronically on the instrument panel. Maintenance tasks commonly carried
out during a motor vehicle service include:
 Change of engine oil
i.
The engine must be switched off and let it cool for five minutes.
ii.
The vehicle bonnet should then be open and the oil cap should be
removed as well as the oil dip stick.
iii.
Then the drilling bolt beneath the engine should be loosened to allow
the oil to drain.
iv.
Oil filter was then loosed to allow the remaining oil to drain completely.
v.
And then the drilling bolt was retightened.
vi.
New engine oil was poured into the engine through the cap and then
closed together with the dip stick.
 Replacement of oil filter
The oil filter is located at top of the engine. The oil filter spanner
was use to lose the oil filter and a new one was replaced.
 Replace of fuel filter
The fuel filter is mostly located beneath the car. The hoses that
connect the fuel filter to the engine from the fuel tank where loose
in order to replace the fuel filter.
 Replace of spark plugs
To replace the spark plugs,
i.
The ignition coils are removed and disconnected from their
source first.
ii.
And then a plug spanner was inserted into the cylinder head to
loose the plug by turning it anti-clockwise.
iii.
Fitting in the new spark plugs and retightened them but not too
hard so that the thread won’t be damaged.
iv.
Returned the ignition coils of each spark plugs accordingly and
start the engine.
 Cleaning/washing injector and nozzles
The Fuel Injector Nozzle is a part of the ignition system of a petrol and diesel
engine. It is responsible for firing the right amount of fuel into the ignition
chamber. The nozzle is a part of the fuel injector, an electronically controlled
valve that is fed with pressurized fuel from the fuel pump. Injector cleaners are
used to clean the nozzles thoroughly.
3.4 SUSPENSION
Suspension is the system of tires, tire air springs, shock absorbers and
linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion
between the two suspension systems serve as dual purpose contributing to
the vehicle’s road holding/handling and braking for good active safety and
driving pleasure and keeping vehicle occupants comfortable and a ride quality
reasonably
well isolated
from road noise, bumps, vibrations
etc.
3.4.1 Car Suspension Parts:
1.
Low arm: low arm helps to keep the wheel of a motor vehicle from
uncontrollably swerving when the road conditions are not smooth.
2.
Shock absorber: it is a mechanical or hydraulic device designed to
absorb and damps shock impulses. It does this by converting the kinetic
energy of the shock into another form of energy (typically heat) which is then
dissipated. Shock absorber reduces the effect of travelling over rough ground
leading to improved ride quality and vehicle handling.
3.
Stabilizer bar: It helps to keep the car’s body flat by moving force from
one side of the body to another. In order word it helps to hold the car wheel
firmly.
4.
Ball joint: Ball joints are spherical bearings that convert the control
arms to the steering knuckles/ connect the vehicle’s wheel hubs to the rest of
the suspension.
5.
Tie rod: the rods are an integral part of vehicle’s steering system. It ties
the steering rock to the steering arm.
6.
Anti-lock braking system (ABS): Is an automobile safety system that
allows the wheel on a motor vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road
surface according to driver’s inputs while braking preventing the wheels from
locking up (ceasing rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled sliding. It gives more
power to the brake.
7. The alternator: an alternator is a generator of electric power in a car
and is a major component of the vehicles charging system. When an
engine is running, the alternator charges the battery and supplies
additional electric power for the vehicle electrical systems.
8.
Brake pads: These are components of brake disc used in automotive and
other applications. Brake pads are steel backing plates with friction material
bound to the surface that faces the disc brake rotor.
9.
Brake pad sensor: it’s the sensor that gives the readings at which stages
the brake pads are, are they still anew or they are worn out.
10. Disc brake; It is a type of brake that uses callipers to squeeze pairs of
pads against a disc in order to create friction that retards the rotation of a
shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hold it.
3.4 inspection and replacement of power steering pump
We carried out this replacement because the steering was very strong,
we first all checked the gauge of the power steering fluid then traced the
pump, and found out that the problem is from the pump.
To replace the power steering pump, we carried out the following
processes:
i.
Removed the power steering pump from the belt tensioner.
ii.
Remove the belt so we could easily rotate the pulley wheel around in
order to take the pulley bolts out.
iii.
The power steering hose was then disconnected from the clamp with
the use of the plier.
iv.
The filter was then separated from the pump.
v.
Retraced the above steps and began assembling the new power steering
pump.
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 EXPERIENCE GAINED AND CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED
4.2 Experience Gained
Throughout the duration of the students’ industrial work Experience scheme, a lot
of relevant experiences were gained and these experiences include;
i.
Servicing of a car.
ii.
How to replace brake pad.
iii.
Knowing some major part of the engine and their functions.
iv.
How to replace spark plug.
v.
How to service nozzles.
vi.
How the alternator works etc.
The above listed are some the experience gained during the SIWES training;
Other experiences include losing and tithing screws on the aircraft and
cleaning the landing gears of an aircraft were also gained during the scheme.
4.3 Challenges encounter
During the industrial the student industrial work scheme a lot of challenges where
encountered somewhere as a result of the company policy others whereas the
Result of the failing system. Some of the challenges encountered include:
I.
II.
Working in a noisy environment even with the use of ear muffs.
I participated in the routine of sweeping the hanger which I thought is the
duty of the cleaner.
III. Lack of adequate and up- to- date tools to perform some maintenance
procedure.
Although there is other challenges encounter but these are the major challenges
that affect the learning process.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.2 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the student industrial work experience scheme was a very huge
success. The SIWES programs as a mechanic engineering student gives me the
opportunity to link myself with professional, who had encouraged and
developed my knowledge in industrial challenges in some of the theoretical
lessons undertook in the institution before, are now indeed visualize and
understood physically. The program has resulted in the increase in focus and
also embedded new manners such as work enthusiasm and team work
In general the program should continue as it makes the student prepared for the
student industrial work experience scheme and also for the industry.
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
The search for SIWES placement in a well-recognized establishment still
remained a huge problem for the Nigerian students as a whole. The Industrial
Training Fund (ITF) should look into this challenge and encourage industries
to accept students in other to have sound and intellectual graduates with real
work and practical; experienced.
The employers should provide internet access for student to carry out
research and other educational work and also give enough financial assistance
to students within the limits of the employers’ condition of service during
attachment.