TEST FILE ONLY Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus , but do have ribosomes for protein synthesis. In prokaryotes (bacteria), the mRNA is not edited before being used to make protein. The processes of transcription and translation occur at the same time in the cytoplasm . Eukaryotes edit the mRNA befor e it is used to make protein. T he processes of tran scription and translation are separated . Transcription takes place in the nucleus , while tra nslat ion takes plac e at the ribosomes .