Name: ____________________ Block: ______ Date:_________ Unit 2: Constitution Study Guide Vocabulary: Term: Amendment Anti-Federalist Checks and Balances Constitution Democracy Elastic Clause Federalism Federalist Judicial Review Limited Government Preamble Ratification Repeal Rule of Law Separation of Powers Supremacy Clause Definition: A change to the constitution They opposed the new constitution and drew much of their support from the inland farmers and laborer’s, who feared a strong national government. Through which each branch exercises some control over the other two A plan that provides the rules for the government Government in which the people rule Clause in article 1, Section 8 of the constitution that gives congress the right to “Make all laws which shall be necessary and proper” to carry out the powers expressed in the other clause of Article 1 A system of government in which two more government’s exercise power over the same people and the same territory Favored the constitution and was led by many of the founders. Their support typically came from merchants and others in the cities and coastal regions. The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional The concept that a governments power was not absolute Explains why the constitution was written and spells out the purposes of the government How many people are needed to make it happen (9-13 states) To revoke by legislative enactment Everyone must obey the law and will be held accountable if the violate it. National Government by dividing power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches Statement in Article VI of the constitution establishing that the constitution, laws passed by congress and treaties of the united states “Shall be the supreme law of the land” 1. For each column, name the branch and list the governing body of the branch, the job of the branch, and which article of the Constitution created that branch. Name: Executive branch Name: Legislative branch Name: Judicial branch Governing Body: President Job: Enforce the laws Article: 2 Governing Body: Congress Job: Makes the laws Article: 1 Governing Body: Courts Job: Interpret the laws Article: 3 2. Compare and Contrast the political thought of Federalist and Anti Federalists. List prominent figures of each party. Federalist Strong central government No bill of rights Anti-Federalist A weak government Wanted a bill of rights 3. Identify the differences between the ideas of Separation of Powers and Federalism? Separation of Powers Own jobs to do Federalism Different level of governments 4. Describe the process of amending the Constitution. Step 1: propose the amendments 2/3 Step 2: Ratifying the amendment 3/4 5. Analyze the saying “Of the People, By the People, For the People”. It's referring to the fact that the government is made up of people who come from the people. "By the people" refers to who chooses those people who make up the government The people have the power in our government 6. Complete the Preamble: a. We the people of the United States, In order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare and secure the blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the United States of America. 7. The power of the Judicial Branch is founded on the principle of Judicial Review. Explain this principle and what it empowers the judicial branch to do. Is the power of the U.S. Supreme Court to review laws and actions from Congress and the President to determine whether they are constitutional? This is part of the checks and balances that the three branches of the federal government use in order to limit each other and ensure a balance of power. 8. Discuss the goals of the Federalist Papers and Identify its authors. The goals were to draw support for the new constitution, The Federalist Paper Authors : James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay 9. The Elastic Clause of the Constitution gives the government the power to “make all laws necessary and proper” in order to carry out its duties. Explain what “necessary and proper” means. They can add things or adjust things to make the government run smoothly 10. Summarize each Article of the Constitution: Article I: Legislative branch Article II: Executive branch Article III: Judicial branch Article IV: Obligations the states have Article V: How to amend the constitution Article VI: establishes laws and treaty’s for the US Article VII: How ratification will happen