Ordinary Syllabus; Geography Form 1
1. Concept Of Geography Syllabus
i. Meaning of Geography Phenomena
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ii.
Define the term geography
Inter-relationship between different geographical phenomena
Name the Components of the Solar System
Describe the importance of the components of solar system
The Sun
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iii.
State the dimension of the sun in relation to other space bodies
Describe the characteristics of the sun
Solar Energy
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iv.
Define the term solar energy
Suggest different uses of solar energy
Explain how the use of solar energy promotes environmental conservation
Explain how solar energy may contribute to emancipation of women
The Planets
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v.
Locate the planets in the solar system
Show relative distance of planets from the earth
Other bodies in the Solar System
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vi.
Describe the characteristics of comets, asteroids, meteors and satellites
Narrate local incidents linked to meteorites
The Earth
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vii.
Describe the shape of the earth and its evidence
Earth's Movements
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Describe the types of earth's movements
Describe the term rotation
Give evidence to prove that the earth rotates
Explain the significances of earth's rotation
Define the term revolution
Explain the process of revolution
Describe the result of the earth's revolution around the sun
The Importance of the Parallels and Meridians
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Define the parallels and meridians
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Describe how latitudes and longitudes are determined
Explain the importance of a great circle
Discuss the importance of parallels and meridians
Calculate local time
Define time and time zone
Explain the essence of time and time zone
Explain variation of standard time in a single country
Define International Date Line
Locate International Date Line
2. Major Features Of The Earth's Surface
i. Continents
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ii.
Explain the meaning of a continent
Identify the major features of the continent
Water Bodies
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Define a water body
Identify the oceans and other water bodies
Describe the features of the ocean floor
Draw the map to show the distribution of continents and water bodies
3. Weather
i. Concept of Weather
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ii.
Define weather
Describe the importance of weather
Show the relationship between weather and humans occupations
Elements of Weather
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iii.
Name elements of weather
Explain the importance of each element
Weather Station
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Define weather station
Explain how to establish elements of weather
Describe characteristics of a Stevenson screen
Describe the characteristics and functions of instruments used to measure the elements of
weather
Measure and record elements of weather
Describe the meaning of weather forecasting and how it is done
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4. Climate
i. Concept of Climate
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ii.
Define the concept of climate
Weather and Climate
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iii.
Differentiate between weather and climate
Impact of Climate
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Relate climate to human activities
5. Map Work
i. The Concept of a Map
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ii.
Define the concept of a map
Components of a Map
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iii.
List all the components of a map
Define scale and identify different ways used in representing a scale
Distinguish and explain signs from symbols
Quantitative Information on Maps
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iv.
Measure the distance on the map and convert to the actual ground by using scale
Calculate areas of regular and irregular figures
Identify location of position
Find direction and bearing of object on maps
Uses of Maps
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Describe different uses of maps
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ORDINARY Syllabus; Geography Form 2
1. Human Activites Syllabus
i. Concept of Human Activities Syllabus
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Give the meaning of human activities Syllabus
Identify major types of human activities Syllabus
2. Agriculture Syllabus
i. Small Scale Agriculture Syllabus
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ii.
Explain the characteristics of small-scale agriculture at subsistence level Syllabus
Explain the effects of rapid population growth on small scale agriculture Syllabus
Describe advantages and disadvantages of small-scale agriculture Syllabus
Large Scale Agriculture Syllabus
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iii.
Name types of large-scale agriculture in the world Syllabus
List the major crops grown in each type of large-scale agriculture Syllabus
Describe characteristics of large-scale agriculture Syllabus
Describe the requirements for growth, farm, preparation, planning, care, harvesting,
processing, storage and transport. Syllabus
Identify and locate major producing countries for respective crops in the world Syllabus
Describe contribution of produced crops to the economy of USA and Tanzania Syllabus
Drawing example from Tanzania and USA explain problems facing large scale agriculture
Syllabus
Livestock Keeping Syllabus
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Describe how pastoralism, sedentary and commercial livestock keeping are practiced Syllabus
Explain the benefits and constraints of livestock keeping practices Syllabus
Compare livestock keeping between Australia and Tanzania Syllabus
Describe livestock keeping as practiced in different communities in Tanzania Syllabus
3. Water Management For Economic Development Syllabus
i. Importance of Water Syllabus
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ii.
Explain uses and economic importance of water Syllabus
Describe the relationship between family size, water supply and quality of life Syllabus
Explain the relationship between vegetation and water supply Syllabus
Explain how distance to water sources from household affects the girl child Syllabus
River Basin Development Syllabus
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State the benefits of developing river basins Syllabus
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iii.
Explain the organization, benefits, problems faces and prospects of Rufiji Basin Development
Authority (RUBADA) and Tennessee River Valley Authority Syllabus
Land Reclamation Syllabus
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iv.
Explain the major aims for land reclamation Syllabus
Describe the techniques used in land reclamation Syllabus
Explain land reclamation process in Tanzania Syllabus
Sustainable Use of Water Resources Syllabus
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Explain the types of underground water and how it can be tapped for use at local and national
levels in Tanzania Syllabus
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Differentiate different resources that are obtained from Water Syllabus
Describe methods used for extracting resources from water Syllabus
Explain the problems caused by extraction of water resources Syllabus
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v.
Water Pollution Syllabus
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Define pollution Syllabus
Differentiate the main sources of water pollution Syllabus
Describe various ways of conserving water resources Syllabus
4. Sustainable Use Of Forest Resources Syllabus
i. Types of Forestry Resources Syllabus
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ii.
Identify types of forests Syllabus
Locate the distribution of forests by type Syllabus
Explain factors for distribution of forests Syllabus
Importance of Forestry Resources Syllabus
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iii.
Describe the importance and values of forests in social and economic life Syllabus
Explain the importance of forests in ecological and environmental balance Syllabus
Important Areas of Forest Products, their Transport and Use in the World Syllabus
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iv.
Identify important countries in timber production Syllabus
Explain the means of transportation and problems of timber transportation in the world
Syllabus
Problems Associated with Forestry Resources Harvesting Syllabus
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Describe the problems facing forestry resources harvesting Syllabus
Describe ways to address problems facing forests in the world Syllabus
5. Sustainable Mining Syllabus
i. Types of Mining Industries Syllabus
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ii.
Name different types of mining industries Syllabus
Types and Distribution of Mining Regions in the World Syllabus
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iii.
Explain major types of minerals found in the world Syllabus
Locate mining regions in the world map and the type of minerals extracted Syllabus
Methods of Mining Syllabus
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iv.
Categories of various ways of mining Syllabus
Explain ways of processing different types of minerals Syllabus
Contribution of Mining Industry to the Economy of Tanzania Syllabus
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v.
Explain the economic importance of mining to the economy of Tanzania Syllabus
The effects of the Mining Industry in the Environment Syllabus
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vi.
Describe the effects of mining to the environment Syllabus
Propose ways of minimizing effects of mining to the environment Syllabus
Focal Studies Syllabus
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Oil production in the Middle East Syllabus
Natural gas production in Tanzania Syllabus
Describe advantages of oil production in the Middle East and natural gas production in
Tanzania Syllabus
6. Tourism
i. Concept of Tourism Syllabus
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ii.
Define tourism Syllabus
Factors for the Development and Growth of the Tourism Industry in the World
Syllabus
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iii.
Describe factors which have contributed to the development and growth of tourism in the
world Syllabus
Importance of Tourism in the World Syllabus
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Explain the importance of tourism in the world Syllabus
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Identify impact of tourism in the world Syllabus
State ways of addressing the negative impact of tourism Syllabus
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iv.
Focal Studies on Tourism Industry Syllabus
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Describe factors for the development of tourism in Switzerland, Namibia and Tanzania
Syllabus
Explain the importance of tourism in Switzerland, Namibia and Tanzania Syllabus
Identify problems facing tourism industry in Tanzania Syllabus
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Explain methods used to increase the income of tourism industry in Tanzania Syllabus
Discuss the lessons that can be drawn to promote tourism industry in Tanzania Syllabus
7. Manufacturing Industry Syllabus
i. Concept and Importance of Manufacturing Industries Syllabus
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ii.
Define manufacturing industry Syllabus
Explain the importance of manufacturing industry Syllabus
Types of Manufacturing Industries Syllabus
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iii.
Describe the types of manufacturing industries in East Africa Syllabus
Identify products of each type of manufacturing industry Syllabus
Factors for Location of Industries Syllabus
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iv.
Name factors necessary for location of industries Syllabus
Explain how each pollutant affects the environment, industrial employees and the
communities around the plant Syllabus
Focal Studies Syllabus
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Explain the production of cars in Japan, electronic equipment in South Korea and textiles in
Tanzania Syllabus
Identify lessons from Japan and South Korea industries for Tanzania Syllabus
8. Sustainable Use Of Power And Energy Resources Syllabus
i. Power and Energy Syllabus
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ii.
Define power and energy Syllabus
Major Sources of Power Syllabus
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iii.
Identify the major sources of power and energy Syllabus
Describe the origin of different types of energy and power sources Syllabus
Methods of Acquiring or Extracting Power and Energy Syllabus
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iv.
Explain methods of acquiring/extracting power and energy Syllabus
Importance and Use of Power and Energy Resources Syllabus
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v.
Explain the use and importance of these types of power resources Syllabus
Problems Facing Power and Energy Production Syllabus
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vi.
Discuss the problems facing the process of power and energy harnessing Syllabus
Suggest ways of addressing power and energy harnessing Syllabus
Focal Studies; Solar and Wind Power in U.S.A Hydroelectric Power and Biogas in
Tanzania Syllabus
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Evaluate the importance of power and energy resources in the focal countries Syllabus
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Summarize problems facing power and energy harnessing in focal countries Syllabus
Propose solutions to problems facing power and energy harnessing in focal countries Syllabus
Draw successful lessons from countries for better harnessing of power and energy resources
in Tanzania Syllabus
9. Transport Syllabus
i. Main Types of Transport Syllabus
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ii.
Describe the main types of transport system at global and East African level Syllabus
Importance of Transport Syllabus
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iii.
Explain the importance of transport in Tanzania and East Africa Syllabus
Problems Facing Transport Industry Syllabus
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Identify problems facing transportation in East Africa Syllabus
Explain the measures to address transportation problems in Tanzania Syllabus
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ORDINARY Syllabus; Geography Form 3
1. Structure Of The Earth Syllabus
i. The Earth's Crust, The Mantle, The Core and their Respective Characteristics
Syllabus
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ii.
Identify concentric zones of the earth Syllabus
Account for the variation in density and thickness of the concentric zones of the earth's crust
Syllabus
Describe the characteristics of the earth's crust, the mantle and the core Syllabus
Types of Rocks of the Earth's Crust Syllabus
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iii.
Identify types of rocks of the earth's crust Syllabus
Explain the mode of formation for each type of rocks and their economic importance Syllabus
Simplified Geological Time Scale Syllabus
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Describe the geological time sale Syllabus
2. Forces That Affect The Earth Syllabus
i. Forces Causing Earth Movements Syllabus
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ii.
Explain the forces which cause earth movement and their origin Syllabus
Radial/Vertical Movement Syllabus
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iii.
Describe the vertical/radical movement Syllabus
Identify the resulting features from the vertical movement Syllabus
Lateral or Horizontal Movement Syllabus
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iv.
Explain how horizontal movements take place Syllabus
Identify different features produced by horizontal forces Syllabus
Vulcanicity Syllabus
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v.
Differentiate vulcanicity from volcanicity Syllabus
Explain causes of volcanicity and resulting features Syllabus
Classify features resulting from the processes of volcanicity Syllabus
Locate the distribution of major volcanic zones in the world Syllabus
Assess the economic importance of volcanoes Syllabus
Earth-quakes Syllabus
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Define earthquake, epicenter and focus Syllabus
Describe how earthquake can be detected Syllabus
Explain the causes and effects of earthquake Syllabus
Locate the possible areas where earthquake is likely to occur on the world map Syllabus
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vi.
External Forces Syllabus
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vii.
Define mass wasting Syllabus
Identify types of mass wasting Syllabus
Describe the factors which cause mass wasting Syllabus
Assess the effects of mass wasting to the environment Syllabus
Weathering Syllabus
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viii.
Define the term weathering Syllabus
Identify types of weathering Syllabus
Differentiate weathering processes Syllabus
Assess the significance of weathering Syllabus
Erosion and Deposition by Running Water, Ice, Wind and Wave Action Syllabus
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ix.
Define the concept of erosion and deposition Syllabus
Examine how agents of erosion and deposition operate on the landscape Syllabus
Examine erosional and Depositional Features for each Agent Syllabus
Assess the importance of erosional and depositional features to human beings Syllabus
Artificial Forces Syllabus
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Explain the meaning of artificial forces that cause earth movements Syllabus
Describe causes and effects of artificial forces Syllabus
3. Soil Syllabus
i. Soil Formation Syllabus
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ii.
Define soil Syllabus
Describe factors for soil formation Syllabus
Assess the importance of Soil Syllabus
Soil Composition and Properties Syllabus
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iii.
Illustrate soil composition and properties Syllabus
Soil Profile and Characteristics Syllabus
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iv.
Define soil profile Syllabus
Illustrate soil profile and its characteristics Syllabus
Simple Soil Classification Syllabus
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v.
Classify soil according to textural groups Syllabus
Soil Erosion Syllabus
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Define soil erosion Syllabus
Examine how agents of soil erosion work Syllabus
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Describe types and effects of erosion to social and economic activities Syllabus
Relate population growth and rate of soil erosion on the quality of life Syllabus
Demonstrate ways of controlling soil erosion through the application of various conservation
techniques Syllabus
4. Elementary Survey And Map Making Syllabus
i. Meaning and Types of Survey Syllabus
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ii.
Explain the meaning of simple land survey Syllabus
Explain the types of simple land survey Syllabus
Chain Survey Syllabus
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Describe chain/tape survey Syllabus
Explain different types of equipment used in chain/tape surveying Syllabus
Practice chain/tape surveying activities at school level Syllabus
Explain the importance of survey Syllabus
5. Map Reading And Map Interpretation Syllabus
i. Concept of Map Reading Syllabus
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ii.
Explain the concept of map and its importance to social economic activities Syllabus
Identify essentials of a map Syllabus
Reading and Interpreting Topographical Maps Syllabus
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Recognize features on a map Syllabus
Generate information from maps Syllabus
Interpret information in relation to daily activities Syllabus
6. Photograph Reading And Interpretation Syllabus
i. Types of Photographs Syllabus
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ii.
Identify types of photographs Syllabus
Differentiate between ground, vertical and oblique photographs Syllabus
Reading and Interpreting Photographs Syllabus
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Read features presented on photographs Syllabus
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Identify natural and manmade features in the fore, middle and background of the photograph
Syllabus
Interpret features presented on the photograph Syllabus
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7. Application Of Statistics
i. Concept of Statistics
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Explain the concept of statistics
Differentiate types of statistical data
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ii.
Present data graphically
Explain the importance of statistics to the user
Describe how massive data can be summarized
Simple Statistical Measures and Interpretation
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Describe methods of presenting simple and mixed data
Calculate the mean, mode and median
Explain the significance of mean, mode and median
Interpret data using simple statistical measures Syllabus
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ORDINARY Syllabus; Geography Form 4
1. Introduction To Research
i. Concept of Research
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ii.
Explain the meaning of research
Assess the importance of research in daily life
States of Research Work
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Describe research stages in conducting a research
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Conduct research
Explain the use of research output and recommendations
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2. Climate And Natural Region
i. World Climatic Types and their Characteristics
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ii.
Describe major climatic types of the world and their characteristics
Explain how different geographical factors influence climate
Natural Regions of the World
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Identify different types of natural regions
Draw a world map showing different natural regions
Explain the relationship between human activities and climate
Propose ways of solving climatic problems
3. Human Population
i. Concept of Population
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ii.
Describe characteristics of human population
Explain the importance of studying population
Population Distribution
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iii.
Describe factors governing human population distribution
Population Change
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iv.
Define Population Change
Explain factors which influence population change
Analyze the effects of population change to an individual and the nation
Population Data
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Explain the sources of population data
Interpret population data
Explain the uses of population data
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v.
Population Problems
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vi.
Analyze population problems
Analyze the effects of the population change on economic growth, labour, human needs and
investment, and suggest possible solutions
Population Policy
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Explain the meaning of population policy
Compare the national population policy on family planning strategies in Tanzania to the
population policies of other countries
4. Settlements
i. Concept of Settlement
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ii.
Define settlement
Explain categories, types and characteristics of settlements
Explain the functions of settlements and their importance
Growth of settlements
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Analyze factors which lead to growth of settlements
Assess social and economic problems associated with urban growth
Suggest ways of solving existing problems related to urban growth
5. Environmental Issues And Management
i. The Concept of Environment
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ii.
Explain the meaning of environment
Importance of Environment
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iii.
Explain the importance of environment
Environmental Problems
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iv.
Identify environmental problems
Analyze the causes, extent and effects of the loss of biodiversity
Analyze the causes, extent and effects of pollution and waste mismanagement
Explain the causes, extent, effects of fast rate of population and urban growth on environment
Examine causes, extent and impacts of desertification
Explain the impact of poverty on environment
Analyze causes and consequences of global climatic change on environment
Environmental Conservation
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Define Environmental Conservation
Analyze various ways of conserving the environment
Practice environmental conservation and management at school level
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