Notes: Properties of Water
Water
A water molecule (H2O), is made up of ________ atoms --- one __________ and
two ___________.
Water is Polar
_______________– an unequal sharing of electrons leads to an uneven
distribution of charge
The ___________ end “acts” ________________
The ______________ end “acts” ________________
Causes the water to be ________________ However, Water is ____________ (equal number of e- and p+)
with a Net charge of _____________
Hydrogen Bonds Exist Between Water Molecules
_______ hydrogen bond is _______, but _________ hydrogen bonds are
_______________
Interaction Between Water Molecules
________________ ______________ end of one water molecule is attracted to the
_______________ _______________ end of another water molecule to form a ______________
_______________
What are the Properties of Water?
Cohesion
______________ is the attraction between particles of the ____________
__________________ (why water is attracted to itself)
___________ ___ __________ ________________ (a measure of the strength of
water’s surface)
Produces a ________ ________ on water that allows ___________ to walk on the
surface of water
Adhesion
_____________ is the attraction between two ____________ ________________ (why water is attracted
to other types of molecules).
Water will form ____________ _____________ with _________ _____________ such as glass, soil, plant
tissues, and cotton.
____________ ____________-water molecules will “tow” each other along when in a thin glass tube.
Example: __________________ process which plants and trees remove water from the soil, and paper towels
soak up water.
High Specific Heat
__________ ___ ________ needed to raise or lower 1g of a substance 1° C.
Water ____________ __________ ____________, both for heating and cooling.
Water can absorb or release large amounts of heat energy with little change in actual temperature.
Water is Less Dense as a Solid
_____ ___ _______ dense as a solid than as a liquid (ice floats)
Liquid water has ___________ ____________ that are constantly being
broken and reformed.
_________ __________ forms a __________-________ _____________ whereby molecules are set at fixed
distances.
Homeostasis
Ability to maintain a __________ ________ despite changing conditions
Water is important to this process because:
a. Makes a ________ ____________
b. Resists temperature change
c. _________________ ______________
d. Coolant
e. Ice protects against temperature extremes (_________________ frozen lakes)
Acids, Bases and pH
_____ _________ __________ in 550 million naturally ___________ into a Hydrogen Ion ____ and a
Hydroxide Ion ____
________________________________________________
The pH Scale
Indicates the _____________ ___ ___
_____
Ranges from ___ - _____
Acids
________ ________ have a pH of ____ - ___
Strong acids contain ______ ___ _____ _______
Bases
________ _________ have a pH of __ to ____
Contain ______ ___ ____ _______
Buffers
Weak acids or bases that react with strong acids or
bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH ____________________.
________________ ____________ ____ ____ __________ to maintain homeostasis.