Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
Final Report
Brussels, 28 June 2011
Consortium Partners:
ROHDE & SCHWARZ
THALES
SAAB
Indra
Elektrobit
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
1
Agenda
09:30 - 09:40
09:40 - 10:00
Welcome, Introduction of the Partners
Introduction and Study Overview by Rohde & Schwarz
10:00 - 10:20
10:20 - 10:40
10:40 - 11:00
11:00 - 11:20
11:20 - 11:40
Content and Summary Work Package 1 by Saab
Content and Summary Work Package 2 by Thales
Content and Summary Work Package 3 by Rohde & Schwarz
Content and Summary Work Package 4 by Elektrobit
Content and Summary Work Package 5 by Indra
11:40 - 12:00
Summary and Conclusion of the Study
12:00 - 12:15
12:15 - 12:30
Discussion of open issues
Action Review and End of Meeting
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
2
Participants from EDA and Industry:
EDA
Carlo Zammariello
Michael Sieber
Rohde & Schwarz
Dr. Rüdiger Leschhorn
Dr. Torsten Langguth
Winfried Bongart
Olivier Francillon
Eric Nicollet
Arne Berglund
Rafael Aguado
Ari Hulkkonen
Francesco Esposito
Antonio Di Rocco
THALES
SAAB
Indra
Elektrobit
Selex
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
3
Objectives of the Study
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
taken from EDA presentation at
EDA SDR Conference 2009, Nov 18 and 19 in Helsinki
Aims:
– The study should focus on identifying the similarities and differences of
the commercial, public safety and military waveform design flows and to
find a way to merge these design flows.
– The study should present the most potential areas for development and
evaluation on feasibility of MDD tools for waveform development.
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
4
Generic Task for Waveform Implementation
GSM
Spec
The Task:
Bring the GSM Specification from paper
as a running waveform
onto the target platform.
GSM Mobile
(Target Platform)
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
5
Solution 1: Waveform Implementation by ASIC
GSM
Spec
ASIC* Development
GSM Mobile
* ASIC:
Final Report
28 June 2011
Application Specific
Integrated Circuit
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
6
Solution 2: Waveform Implementation by Software
GSM
Spec
Waveform
Development Tool
GSM
Waveform
GSM Mobile
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
7
Waveform Porting
Artifacts
and/or Code
1001100
0111001
Waveform
Development
Tools
• Commercial Domain
• Public Safety Domain
Executable
Waveform
• Defense Domain
Target
Platform
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
8
Model Driven Development (MDD)
Model Driven Development (MDD)
WF
Spec
Waveform
Development
Tools
Defined development steps
to go from the Specification
to the Software implementation of the Waveform
onto the target platform
Executable
Waveform
CIM
PIM
PSM
Executables
Target
Platform
CIM: Computation Independent Model
PIM: Platform Independent Model
PSM: Platform Specific Model
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
9
Co-modelling
Software development
Hardware development
Waveform
Development
Tools
WF
Spec
Executable
Waveform
Co-modelling
Develop and optimise
Hardware and Software
in parallel
Target
Platform
Target
Platform
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
10
Some Facts on Hardware and Software in the Three Domains
Commercial Domain
Public Safety Domain
Military Domain
GSM, UMTS, LTE, Bluetooth
APCO P25, Tetra, Tetra Pol
MIDS-JTRS, WNW, SRW, SINCGARS
mobiles, base stations
mobiles, base stations, vehicular radios,
airborne radios, shipborne radios
soldier radios, handhelds, manpacks,
vehicular radios, airborne radios,
shipborne radios, special formfactos
Production quantities per year
very high quantities
mid to high quantities
mid quantities
Typical price per portable radio
below 100 up to a few hundred Euro
below 1.000 Euro
5.000 - 50.000 Euro
Waveforms used (examples)
Hardware in use
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
11
Waveform Development in the 3 Domains
Commercial Domain
Waveform
Development
Tool
Spec
Public Safety Domain
Spec
TETRA
Waveform
GSM
Waveform
TETRA
Mobile
GSM Mobile
• different tools today ?
• can they be harmonised ?
Final Report
28 June 2011
Waveform
Development
Tool
Military Domain
Spec
Waveform
Development
Tool
SRW
Waveform
SRW
Tactical Radio
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
12
Consortium Organisation
EDA
R&S
Elektrobit
SAAB
Thales
Indra
Prismtech
Tech Research
Center
Amper
Programas
Customer
Final Report
28 June 2011
Leading Contractor
Co-Contractor
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
Selex
Subcontractor
13
Programme Schedule
2010
Responsible
WP0 Project Management
R&S
WP1 Divergence of SDR Architecture in Europe
SAAB
WP2 ETSI TC Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS)
THALES
WP3 Current Waveform Design Flow Practises in Different SDR
Domains
R&S
WP4 Co-modelling Approach as Future MDD Based Design
Practise
EB
WP5 Proposal of Common Research Endeavour Between
Commercial, Public Safety and Military Domains
INDRA
Milestones
3
4
Kick-off
5
6
7
2011
8
9
IPR1
Payments
15 March 2010
29 June 2010
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
IPR2
Final Report/Presentation
30% Payment
70% Payment
15 Dec 2010
28 June 2011
Draft
Study Report
31 May 2011
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
14
Workshare and Responsibilities
Workpackages as defined by EDA Functional and Technical Specifications (Annex 1)
•
WP1: Divergence of SDR architecture in Europe
 SAAB
•
WP2: ETSI TC RRS (Reconfigurable Radio System)
 Thales
•
WP3: Current waveform design flow practises in different
SDR domains
 Rohde & Schwarz
•
WP4: Co-modelling approach as future MDD based
design practise
Elektrobit
•
WP5: Proposal of common research endeavor between
commercial, public safety and military domains
 Indra
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
15
Breakdown of Study Report
The Study Report contains:
•
•
•
Executive Summary
Glossary
5 Chapters
Structure of the Chapters:
•
•
•
•
•
The Chapters correspond to the 5 Work Packages
The Chapter number corresponds to the WP number (1 to 5)
A Chapter contains Tasks (1.1, 1.2 etc.)
The tasks are covering the „Research Questions“
acc. to Annex 1 of the Contract
The Compliance Matrix shows the cross reference
between Contract and Study Report in detail
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
16
Compliance Matrix
(1)
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study (UWGT) EDA File Reference: 09-ARM-003
Para of
Annex 1
3.
3.1
Research Questions acc. to Annex 1 of the UWGT Study Contract
Para of
Study Report
Statement of Compliance
Requirements
General Requirements
The study should focus on identifying, addressing and defining the
similarities and differences of the commercial and military waveform
design and implementation flows. The next step should be the analysis
of the possible aspects that the military side can adopt from the
commercial design and implementation flows. Furthermore, the possible
benefits from this adoption should be identified. In practice, this could
mean that the SCA compliance would be achieved by introducing new or
merging existing blocks into the tools used in the civilian domain. Finally,
the study should present the most potential areas for development and
evaluation on feasibility of MDD tools for waveform development. The
study should strongly profit from awareness on MDD in civilian domain.
3.2
Corresponding Paragraph of the UWGT Study Report
Answers to this requirements are contained in all Chapters
and Tasks as contained in the final Study Report.
compliant
WP 1: Effect of Possible Divergence of SDR
Architecture in Europe
compliant
Work packets and Mandatory topics to be covered in this study
3.2.1
WP1: Divergence of SDR architecture in Europe
Dot 1
What is the effect of possible divergence of SDR architectures in military,
public safety and commercial domains on waveform portability,
interoperability and re-use of waveform models and codes?
1.1
Effect of possible divergence of SDR architectures in
military, public safety and commercial domains
compliant
Dot 2
What are the foreseen impacts of using SWRadio Architecture instead of
JTRS based SCA and vice versed on the waveform design flow,
especially keeping in mind the commonality of the design flows in military
and public safety domains?
What are the future trends in commercial mobile communication to
minimise the cost of waveform design and implementation? In this
context, for example, NOTA (Network on Terminal Architecture), which is
a new design paradigm supposed to decrease drastically the design cost
of radios, could be addressed.
How the security aspects are taken into consideration in the three
areas (military, commercial and public safety) in the universal model for
information assurance point of view?
1.2
Effects of using alternative Software defined radio
architectures to JTRS based SCA solutions
compliant
1.3
Future trends in commercial mobile communication to
minimise the cost of waveform design incl. an Analysis of
NOTA
compliant
1.4
Security aspects to be taken into consideration in the three compliant
areas military, commercial and public safety
Dot 3
Dot 4
Final Report
28 June 2011
1
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
17
Compliance Matrix
(2)
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study (UWGT) EDA File Reference: 09-ARM-003
Para of
Annex 1
Research Questions acc. to Annex 1 of the UWGT Study Contract
3.2.2
WP2: ETSI TC RRS (Reconfigurable Radio Systems)
Dot 1
What is the current status of the TC RSS work?
Dot 2
What are currently the proposed software architectures and HAL
(Hardware Abstraction layer) mechanisms?
How the differences in SDR architecture and HAL mechanisms
compared to SCA definitions make the design flow of the waveform
different?
Dot 3
3.2.3
Dot 1
WP3: Current waveform design flow practises in different SDR
domains
What is the state of the art waveform definition and implementation flows
in commercial, public safety and military domains?
Para of
Study Report
compliant
2.1
Current status of the TC RSS work
compliant
2.2
RRS proposed software architectures and HAL (Hardware
Abstraction layer) mechanisms?
Differences between RRS and SCA approach and the
influence on the waveform design flow
compliant
compliant
3.1
WP 3: Current Waveform Design Flow Practises in
Different SDR Domains
Characteristics of Design Flows in Defence Domain
3.2
3.3
3.4
Characteristics of Design Flows in Public Safety Domain
compliant
Characteristics of Design Flows in Commercial Domain
compliant
How much MDD principles are used in those design flows? compliant
3.5
Comparison of Existing Design Flows with regard to MDD compliant
principles applied and further similarities and differences in
the waveform design flows
compliant
WP 4: Co-modelling Approach as Future MDD Based
Design Practise
Survey on Earlier Studies of Co-modelling Approaches
compliant
2.3
3
How much MDD principles are used in those design flows?
Dot 3
What are the similarities and the differences in waveform design flows
in different domain?
3.2.4
WP4: Co-modelling approach as future MDD based design practise
Dot 1
Make survey on earlier studies of co-modelling approach. One
interesting study is
European ITEA project MARTES.
4.1
Dot 2
Based on earlier work find out the existing co-modelling
methodologies, tools, transformations and profiles available in waveform
design flow today.
Analyse the maturity of co-modelling approach to the waveform design
flow today.
Analyse the possibility to use co-modelling approach parallel with SCA
and foreseen benefits
Clarify to what degree the co-modelling approach is used in commercial
mobile radio companies?
4.2
Dot 4
Dot 5
Final Report
28 June 2011
Statement of Compliance
WP 2: ETSI TC Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS)
2
Dot 2
Dot 3
Corresponding Paragraph of the UWGT Study Report
4
4.3
4.4
4.5
Survey on existing co-modelling methodologies, tools,
transformations and profiles available in waveform design
flow today
Maturity of co-modelling approaches today
Possibilities to integrate SCA into current and forthcoming
co-modelling approaches
Degree of co-modelling approaches used by commercial
mobile radio companies today
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
compliant
compliant
compliant
compliant
compliant
compliant
18
Compliance Matrix
(3)
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study (UWGT) EDA File Reference: 09-ARM-003
Para of
Annex 1
3.2.5
Research Questions acc. to Annex 1 of the UWGT Study Contract
WP 5: Proposal of common research endeavour between
commercial, public safety and military domains
Derived from previous four research topics, this pre-study shall propose
research areas that could enhance the integration of waveform design
flows.
The ultimate goal should be universal waveform design environment
(WDE), which uses same models and techniques down to the lowest
possible level in waveform design flow - starting from upper level
definition of waveform requirements to generation of the executable code.
The existence of this kind of WDE tools would improve the utilisation of
work already done in civilian world. The fact is that majority of the
suggested modulation methods and networking protocols in current
military waveform development projects, originate from civilian radio
communication research and development. This trend will get even
stronger in future.
Para of
Study Report
5
5.1
5.2
Corresponding Paragraph of the UWGT Study Report
WP 5: Proposal of Common Research Endeavour
Between Commercial, Public Safety and Military
Domains
Proposal of research areas
Statement of Compliance
compliant
compliant
Draft description of the ultimate goal: universal waveform
design environment (WDE) including design, coding and
automatic S/W testing
compliant
4.
Deliverables
a)
Kick-off meeting and Project Plan review (at contract signature)
Meeting on 15 March 2010
compliant
b)
Intermediate Progress Report 1 (4months after contract signature)
Meeting on 29 June 2010
compliant
c)
Intermediate Progress Report 2 (8 months after contract signature)
Meeting on 15 December 2010
compliant
d)
Final Report and Final Presentation (12-14 months after contract
signature)
Presentation to EDA pMS (12-14 months after contract signature)
Meeting on 28 June 2011
compliant
Meeting on 28 June 2011
compliant
e)
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
19
WP1 Effect of Divergence of SDR Architectures in
Different Domains (SAAB)
• Task 1.1 (SAAB)
Effect of Divergence of SDR Architectures in Different Domains
• Task 1.2 (SELEX)
Alternative SDR Architectures compared with JTRS Based SCA
• Task 1.3 (EB)
Trends in Waveform Design in Commercial Mobile
Communications
• Task 1.4 (SAAB)
Security Aspects in Various Domains
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
20
Task 1.1
Effect of Divergence of SDR Architectures in Different
Domains
T1.1 analyzes the impact of possible divergence of SDR on waveform
portability
- Different needs leads to different architectures and prevent easy porting
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
21
Task 1.1
Effect of Divergence of SDR Architectures in Different Domains (JTRS
SCA)
RF
RF
IO
IO
WF Components
BlackBlack
Side of Radio
Side
+ Modem
WF
Security
Component
Security
CS/S
CORBA CORBA
Logical Software Bus
SCA (Software
Communications
Architecture)
ORB
CORBA ORB
Middleware
• The dominant
architecture in military
domain
CF
Core Framework
(CF)
CORBA CORBA
Logical Software Bus
ORB
CORBA ORB
Middleware
CF
Core Framework
(CF)
OperatingSystem
System (OS)
Operating
(OS)
OperatingSystem
System (OS)
Operating
(OS)
Board Support
Package
Board
Support
Pkt (BSP)
(BSP)
Board Support
Package
Board
Support
Pkt (BSP)
(BSP)
Black Bus HW
Final Report
28 June 2011
WF Components
WF
Side
RedRed
Side of Radio
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
Red HW Bus
22
Task 1.1
Effect of Divergence of SDR Architectures in Different Domains (cont)
ESRA Architecture (European
SDR Architecture
Framework )
• Public safety focused
architecture inspired by
SCA
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
23
Task 1.1
Effect of Divergence of SDR Architectures in Different Domains (cont)
RF
RF
IO
IO
WF Components
Security
BlackBlack
Side of Radio
WF
Side
+ Modem
Component
Security
CORBA CORBA
Logical Software Bus
ORB
CORBA ORB
Middleware
CF
Core Framework
(CF)
CS/S
WF Components
WF
Side
RedRed
Side of Radio
CORBA CORBA
Logical Software Bus
ORB
CORBA ORB
Middleware
CF
Core Framework
(CF)
OperatingSystem
System (OS)
Operating
(OS)
OperatingSystem
System (OS)
Operating
(OS)
Board Support
Package
Board
Support
Pkt (BSP)
(BSP)
Board Support
Package
Board
Support
Pkt (BSP)
(BSP)
Black Bus HW
Final Report
28 June 2011
Red HW Bus
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
24
Task 1.2
Alternative SDR Architectures compared with JTRS Based SCA
T1.2 Compare alternative SDR architectures with JTRS based SCA
OMG SWRadio
- OMG SWRadio has more theoretical approach than SCA
- Model Driven Architecture / Model Driven Development (MDA/MDD)
Transformation
CIM
Transformation
PIM
Transformation
PSM
Code
OMG MDA/MDD model
• Computational Independent Model (CIM)
• Platform Independent Model (PIM)
• Platform Specific Model (PSM)
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
25
Task 1.2
Alternative SDR Architectures compared with JTRS Based SCA (SCANext)
- SCA Next is working in progress
- Adopt OMG Model Driven Architecture
- SCA-next more generic than SCA
- Transfer mechanism agnostic, CORBA is optional
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
26
Task 1.2 Integration – SCA 2.2.2
- SCA-NEXT comparison -
Alternative SDR Architectures compared with JTRS Based SCA
1.2 Alternative SDR Architectures compared with JTRS Based SCA
1.2.1 Introduction
1.2.2 OMG SWRadio
1.2.2.1 MDA principal concepts
1.2.2.2 OMG SWRadio specifications
1.2.2.3 OMG-SWRadio Platform and Applications
1.2.3 OMG SWRadio / SCA 2.2.2 divergence
1.2.3.1 Comparison between OMG Resource and JTRS SCA-2.2.2 Resource definitions
1.2.3.2 Comparison between JTRS SCA-2.2.2 / OMG SWRadio ports connection mechanisms
Note
1: §1.2.4.1 by
will contain
table
with
title:
1.2.3.3 Comparison between OMG and JTRS SCA-2.2.2 CORBA Interfaces
definition
meansa of
IDL
files
“SCA-2.2.2
and
SCA-Next
comparison
1.2.3.4 Comparison of OE (Operating Environments)
table”, that summarizes main differences
1.2.3.5 Comparison of Platform Devices & Services
between the two specifications. More detailed
1.2.4 OMG SWRadio / SCA NEXT divergence
information on such differences and on SCA1.2.4.1 SCA-Next overview
Next itself is provided in 1.2.4.2.x paragraphs.
1.2.4.2 Comparison between SCA-2.2.2 and SCA-Next in brief
1.2.4.2.1 CORBA-explicit in SCA-2.2.2 and CORBA-neutral representation in SCA-Next
1.2.4.2.2 Lightweight Components (removing unnecessary interfaces)
1.2.4.2.3 SCA-2.2.2 vs SCA-Next Domain profile
1.2.4.2.4 SCA-Next refactoring of SCA-2.2.2 IDL textual specification of interfaces
1.2.4.3 SCA-Next and OMG SWRadio comparison table
1.2.4.4 SCA-Next scalability: Units of Functionalities and Profiles
1.2.5 Conclusions
Note 2: conclusions will be updated.
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
27
Task 1.3
Trends in Waveform Design in Commercial Mobile Communications
T1.3 introduces NoTA (Network on Terminal Architecture)
- Modular service architecture for intra
and inter device communication.
Legend:
Device (or device network)
Subsystem
SN
- Abstraction layer between services on
and off chips and the physical
interconnects between them.
SN
SN
SN
SN
Service node
SN
Application node
AN
Stream
- “Subsystems and modules built with a
NoTA interface can be linked together
quickly and efficiently to form fully
functional hardware”
Messages
AN
SN
NoTA (Network on Terminal Architecture)
AN
SN
Device Interconnect
Protocol (DIP)
Figure: The NoTA functional architecture
• Faster-time-to-market with already productized NoTA
Subsystems
• Cost reduction in R&D due system-level modularity
allowing free and fair competition
• Performance and features meeting end-user needs
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
28
Task 1.4
Security Aspects in Various Domains
T1.4 study the security aspects of SDR from an information assurance
point of view
- Security is required in all domains. However the focus and need is very
different
- Security has to be considered early in the design process as part of the
system architecture
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
29
Task 1.4
Security Aspects in Various Domains (military domain)
Users
Radio RF
I/O 1
I/O 2
I/O 3
RED
Applications
Crypto
Processing
I/O 1
BLACK
Applications
Control
Bypass
I/O n
Operating
Environment
User
Processing
and
Networking
I/O 2
I/O 3
I/O n
Operating
Environment
Cryptographic
Sub-system CS/S
Multi Channel
Crypto and
Bypass
Multi Channel
Radio
Simplified view of the JTRS security architecture
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
30
Task 1.4
Security Aspects in Various Domains (Public Safety)
Authentication Centre
MS
RS
TETRA authentication
of MS
K
K
RS
RAND1, RS
TA11
RAND1
TA12
Cipher Key
RES1
OTAR
Final Report
28 June 2011
TA11
RAND1
RES1
TA12
XRES1
Cipher Key
AIR interface Encryption
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
31
WP2 ETSI TC Reconfigurable Radio Systems (TCF)
• Task 2.1 (TCF)
Current Status of the TC RRS Work
• Task 2.2 (Rohde & Schwarz)
RRS Proposed Architectures and Mechanisms
• Task 2.3 (TCF)
Influences of RRS on the Design Flows Compared with SCA
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
32
Task 2.1 – ETSI RRS#10 & RRS#11 meetings summary
•
Participants
– Many new participants from cellular industry
– Few in the radio architecture domain (Nokia & Infineon)
– No defense participant except THALES, no public safety industrial
participant
•
Areas of Interest
–
–
–
–
Defense subjects only addressed by UWGT
Public Safety subjects are little addressed
No work on MDD
URAI*/MURI** comparable to what SCA addresses from a high level
point of view
– Interest from Nokia on Transceiver APIs
– *URAI : Universal Radio Interface
– **MURI : Multi-Radio access Interface
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
33
Task 2.1 – ETSI documentation
Document
Release date
Title
Source
Length
ETSI TR 102 803
Mar-10
Potential regulatory aspects of Cognitive Radio
and Software Defined Radio systems
RRS1
11 pages
ETSI TR 102 733*
Mar-10
System Aspects for Public Safety
RRS4
57 pages
ETSI TR 102 802
Feb-10
Cognitive Radio System Concept
RRS1
31 pages
ETSI TR 102 745*
Oct-09
User Requirements for Public Safety
RRS4
46 pages
ETSI TR 102 838*
Oct-09
Summary of feasibility studies and potential
standardization topics
RRS
21 pages
ETSI TR 102 683
Sep-09
Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC)
RRS3
38 pages
ETSI TR 102 682
Jul-09
Functional Architecture (FA) for the Management
and Control of Reconfigurable Radio Systems
RRS3
45 pages
ETSI TR 102 681
Jun-09
Radio Base Station (RBS) Software Defined Radio
(SDR) status, implementations and costs
aspects, including future possibilities
RRS2
24 pages
ETSI TR 102 680*
Mar-09
SDR Reference Architecture for Mobile Device
RRS2
23 pages
* Red documents are considered as of interest for UWGT
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
34
Task 2.1 – Conclusion
•
•
•
•
Some public safety related information is available in ETSI
publications
High level information concerning software radio architectures is
available in ETSI publications
No information concerning design flow is available in ETSI
publications.
The following publications are of interest for UWGT :
–
–
–
–
•
ETSI TR 102 680,
ETSI TR 102 838,
ETSI TR 102 745,
ETSI TR 102 733.
The following conference articles are of interest for UWGT :
–
–
SDR Forum 2008 : “MULTIRADIO SCHEDULING AND RESOURCE SHARING ON A
SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO COMPUTING PLATFORM”
SDR Forum 2009 “A MULTI-RADIO SDR TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATOR”
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
35
Task 2.2 – RRS Proposed Architectures and Mechanisms
•
Relevant documents for architecture descriptions
– TR 102 680: SDR reference architecture
for mobile device
– 2 Conference papers
•
Capability requirements
– MW configuration capability
– MW operation capability
– MW resource sharing capability
•
Functional entities
–
–
–
–
–
–
Configuration Manager
Radio Connection Manager
Multiradio Controller
Resource Manager
Flow Controller
Unified Radio Applications
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
36
Task 2.2 – Conclusion
•
•
•
No technical activities within ETSI RRS dedicated to waveform
design methodology
A certain area of overlap exist as far as Reconfiguration
Infrastructure is concerned between SCA achievements and
ETSI RRS architecture perspectives.
The ETSI RRS architecture has a couple of similar
functionalities compared with the SCA, but is specifically
targeting the commercial mobile area. There are functionalities
in the RRS architecture, which are strongly supporting multiline
capability on the plat-form by providing management entities
like the multi-radio controller or the resource manager on the
platform, which do not have counterparts in the SCA.
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
37
Task 2.3 – ETSI and SCA comparison
• Main Similarities :
– Some similar functionalities compared with the SCA
– HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) is mentioned in the context of
the RRFI, but not described nor specified.
• Main Differences :
– RRS architecture is specifically targeting the commercial mobile
area.
– RRS architecture supports multiline capability on the platform by
providing management entities like the multi-radio controller or
the resource manager on the platform.
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
38
Task 2.3 – Recommendations :
• Monitoring of the standardization efforts should be sustained
by all industry and government stakeholders of SCA-based
international SDR standardization,
• Specific R&T coupled to pre-standardization activities could
be launched to:
– Marry the driving paradigm of SCA (RPC - Remote Procedure
Calls) with the paradigm once considered within ETSI RRS
(SDF - Synchronous Data Flow),
– Refine specification of the Access Control Services of the MURI
interfaces.
• Mainstream standardization activities could take place in
shorter terms to develop the potential of WInnF Transceiver
Facility in front of ETSI RRS needs for a Reconfigurable RF
Interface (RFFI).
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
39
WP3 Current Waveform Design Flow Practices
(Rohde & Schwarz)
•
Task 3.1
(Rohde & Schwarz)
Characteristics of Design Flows in Defence Domain
•
Task 3.2
(INDRA)
Characteristics of Design Flows in Public Safety Domain
•
Task 3.3
(EB)
Characteristics of Design Flows in Commercial Domain
•
Task 3.4
(SELEX)
MDD Principles Used in Identified Design Flows
•
Task 3.5
(TCF)
Comparison of Existing Design Flows with Regard to MDD Principles
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
40
Task 3.1 Characteristics of Design Flows in Defence
Domain
Requirements
Waterfall Model
Specialities
–
–
–
–
–
Category/ Step
Waveform life
cycle step
1
2
3
4
5
Requirements
and
requirements
Simulation with
Tracing incl. Architecture
target
ImplementSpec.
and Design Simulation extensions
ation
MDD elements
Platform type
required (HW
Tools?)
SW Tools/
languages
Design
SCA often mandatory
Security including red/black separation
General purpose platforms
MDD principles often applied
May implement PS waveforms
CIM
PIM
PIM/PSM I
Paper & first
Software
PC/Base
Paper
carriers, PC platform
e.g. UML,
SCA; SW MATLAB,
UML, Doors
examples Simulink
Final Report
28 June 2011
PSM II
PC / Target
close platform
e.g. UML,
MATLAB,
Simulink
Implementation
Verification
Maintenance
6
Integration,
Test &
Debugging
7
Customer
Documentation Use
From PIM to
PSM II
Code
PSM II/ Code
Code
Target Close Target Close
Platform;
Platform;
target
target
Paper, Files,
platform
platform
PC
C++, C,
VHDL
C++, C, VHDL
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
8
e.g. UML
9
Maintenance
PSM II
Target
Platform,
Target
Target close
Platform platform
Images,
C++, C,
Images VHDL, UML
41
Task 3.2 Characteristics of Design Flows in Public
Safety Domain
Input Product
•
Requirements
Engineering
Requirements Specification
Document
Requirements Specification
Document
Design
Design Specification
Document
Design Specification
Document
Programming
Executable Software
Modules
Executable Software
Modules
Integration
Integrated Software
Product
Integrated Software
Product
Delivery
Delivered Software
Product
Delivered Software
Product
Maintenance
Changed
Requirements
Process
Similar to the defense domain
RUP Lifecycle
Tools e.g.
–
–
–
–
•
Output Product
Communicated
Requirements
–
•
Process
DOORS
UML tools
Matlab simulink
Work benches GPP, DSP, FPGA
Characteristics
–
SCA is not used
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
42
Task 3.3 Characteristics of Design Flows in
Commercial Domain
•
The flow starts from standardization and goes down to system
level testing and verification.
•
Design flows in the commercial domain are not quite
homogeneous. Although many common elements can be
recognized, the actual process depends on the application and
also on the implementation technique
•
Decreasing time-to-market requirements and increasing design
complexity has made the use of low abstraction level languages
difficult. To overcome this, powerful design tools have been
developed and utilized
•
Process and tools in general are not differing that much from the
Public Safety and Defense domain
•
Characteristics
–
–
The SCA is not used but a multitude of proprietary architectures and
processes;
For waveform design on handheld level specialized chips (ASICS) are used
Figure: An example
of design flow
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
43
Task 3.4 MDD Principles Used in Identified Design
Flows
CIM
•
Transformation
PIM
Transformation
PSM
Analysis methodology
– The WF design domains to be analyzed
have been examined from specific
Evaluation Criteria point of view:
• Process steps mapping
• Transformations kind
• Tools Usage
•
Analysis result
– Defense: SCA is moving towards the
MDD approach of OMG; MDD
supporting tools are evolving
– Public Safety: Though in the future
somewhat influenced by defense, PS
not so clearly MDD driven in the future
– Commercial: no significant divergences
to the other domains
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
44
Task 3.5 Comparison of Existing Design Flows with
Regard to MDD Principles
•
Commercial
–
•
Public Safety
–
–
–
•
PSM less straight forward as in the
military domain, more company
dependent. The PSM modelling is
more generally made using
classical UML tools
Design flow is between civil and
military domains
Depending on the background of
the radio provider, and of the
waveform to be developed, civil or
military design flow characteristics
will be applied
There is no real specificity in
design flows and tools
Defense
–
The particularities of SCA are
implying particular choices of
application in the MDD.
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
45
WP3 Summary
Public Safety
Domain
Commercial
Domain
Defense
Domain
Generic Design Flow
Requirements, Design, Simulation, Implementation, Integration, Test, Documentation
Tools
Requirements tracing, UML, Matlab, Simulink, OPNET,
Work Benches
GPP, DSP, FPGA
Handhelds:
Waveform ASICS
Security
SCA, JTRS APIs
Security
Security
Model Driven Development
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
46
WP4 Co-modeling as Future MDD Based Design
Practice (EB)
•
Task 4.1
(EB)
Survey on Earlier Studies of Co-modeling Approaches
•
Task 4.2
(TCF)
Existing Co-modeling Methodologies and Tools
•
Task 4.3
(SAAB)
Maturity of Co-modeling Approaches
•
Task 4.4
(Rohde & Schwarz)
Use of Co-modeling Approach Parallel with SCA
•
Task 4.5
(EB)
Co-modeling Approach in Commercial Mobile Radio
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
47
WP4 Co-modeling as Future MDD Based Design
Practice (EB)
Task 4.1
1/2
Survey on Earlier Studies of Co-modeling Approaches
- T4.1 presents an overview of the ITEA
project MARTES
- In addition, a number of similar type
approaches and info about
commercial offerings are presented
Use cases
Functional
requirements
MARTES: (Model-based Approach to Real-Time
Embedded Systems development.)
- EUREKA-ITEA project 2005 – 2007
- Led by Nokia, 16 partners
- Aim to define, construct, experiment and validate
and deploy a model-based methodology and
toolset for Real-Time Embedded Systems
development
Final Report
28 June 2011
Performance
requirements
Platform
Independent
Model
Architectural
constraints
HW/SW
IP (COTS)
Platform
Architecture
Model
MDA
mapping
UML
domain
Platform
Specific
Model
SystemC
domain
Code
generation
Figure: The MARTES approach
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
48
Task 4.1
2/2
Survey on Earlier Studies of Co-modeling Approaches
WF Specification
Elaboration
Std SDR
Architectures
Base WF
Base WF
Development
Base WF
Porting
Target
WF1
SDR
PTF 1
Target
WF2
SDR
PTF 2
Target
WFn
SDR
PTF n
Interoperability
WF
Specification
Std Design
Methodology
Figure: WF development process
example
“In the context of SDR, the major goal is to achive interoperability and portability of wave-forms.
This requires full system compatibility including, SW and HW architectures, WF definition,
implementation and deployment, and design processes and tool”
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
49
Task 4.2
Existing Co-modeling Methodologies and Tools Approaches
- T4.2 introduces existing Comodelling Methodologies and
Tools such as Spectra CX
- The motivation for using such
tools and methodologies is
presented with application
specific requirements
- “Integration of execution platform
and enhanced performance
verification is becoming crucial in
embedded development designs”
Spectra CX (SCX)
• Model-driven development tool
Figure: Spectra CX screenshot
• Simplifies, accelerates, and
validates implementation of a
SCA compliant SDR
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
50
Task 4.3
Maturity of Co-modelling Approaches
- T4.3 introduces an example of a tool
generating source code from UML (Unified
Modelling Language)
- UML has become a defacto standard
language to describe object oriented SW
architecture and design
- “One typical problem is that after system
design has been defined in UML, additional
time and effort is spent on again describing
that same system manually in source code”
SAAB CG 178B:
• Readers which parse the UML model from
various tool chains
• Code generators which from the parsed
UML information generate source code for
various targets Model-driven development
tool
Final Report
28 June 2011
Figure: SAAB CG178B design flow
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
51
Task 4.4
Use of Co-modeling Approach Parallel with SCA
- T4.4 analyzes the utilization of co-modeling approach in parallel with the SCA. In addition, related
issues and benefits are discussed
MARTE (Modeling and Analysis of RealTime and Embedded Systems) defines a
family of languages for
• Modeling the SW and HW platforms
• Defining the non-functional and generic
resource properties
• Performing quantitative analysis
- If economically feasible MARTE
could be used in the deployment of
an SCA radio in order to simulate
potential deployment configurations .
In particular MARTE provides the
ability to do the analysis statically in a
design tool.
Final Report
28 June 2011
Figure: Analysis tool integration in
MARTE
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
52
Task 4.5
1/2
Co-modeling Approach in Commercial Mobile Radio
- T4.5 analyzes the utilization of co-modeling in
the commercial domain
- The needs and trends in development of both
telecommunication infrastructure and mobile
devices are discussed
- Terminology including co-modeling, co-design,
co-simulation, co-verification, virtual prototyping, Electronic System Level (ESL)
development, etc. is clarified
- ” The lack of a clear standardized Co-modeling
methodology is apparent in commercial mobile
radio development. It is safe to say that the
number of co-modelling methodologies in use in
the commercial mobile radio domain is nearly
the equal to the number of players in said
domain”
Figure: A typical design flow applied in
the commercial domain
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
53
Task 4.5
2/2
Co-modeling Approach in Commercial Mobile Radio
- However, co-modeling has been used for
number of years in waveform development 
the system is often first modeled with a high
abstraction level language such as Matlab®,
C/C++, or some other language.
- These models have been used for direct
automatic implementation generation.
- One of the successful code generation pioneers
has been Mentor Graphics with its Catapult-C
Catapult-C process
• Design is written in C++ or SystemC and
verified. The C model is imported into the tool.
• Iterative scheduling, analysis of the trade off
between throughput and latency
• Cross simulated with the original untimed C
testbench to verify the design integrity.
•
Finally the design is synthesized to RTL
Final Report
28 June 2011
Figure: Analysis tool integration in
MARTE
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
54
WP5 Proposal of Common Research Endeavour
(INDRA)
• Task 5.1 (INDRA)
Proposal of Research Areas
• Task 5.2 (Rohde & Schwarz)
Draft description of an Universal Waveform Design Environment
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
55
Task 5.1
General strategy to the task development
Specific phase on the
development lifcycle
How to apply
to Military WF
development
Final Report
28 June 2011
Specific technologies
and research areas
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
56
Task 5.1
Specification Phase – Governance Policies
•
Technologies
•
•
ITIL
•
COBIT
Applicability to Military WF
•
Definition of the SLA
•
Catalogue:
• Ranges of operation of a given service.
• Way to measure a given service.
• A threshold to identify the malfunction.
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
Application of governance models:
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
57
Task 5.1
Development Phase – Development methodologies
•
Technologies
•
•
Development Methodologies
•
Modeling tools and philosophies
•
Connectivity Mechanisms
•
API definition
Applicability to Military WF
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
Different development
methodologies depending on Base or
Target Waveform:
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
58
Task 5.1
Development Phase – Modeling tools and philosophies
•
Technologies
•
•
Development Methodologies
•
Modeling tools and philosophies
•
Connectivity Mechanisms
•
API definition
Applicability to Military WF
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
Application of a standard language
to share CIM/PSM/PIM models:
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
59
Task 5.1
Development Phase – Connectivity Mechanisms
•
Technologies
•
•
Development Methodologies
•
Modeling tools and philosophies
•
Connectivity Mechanisms
•
API definition
Applicability to Military WF
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
Definition and standardization of the
connectivity mechanisms not only in
the general purpose processor but
also on the dedicated units (DSP and
FPGA)
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
60
Task 5.1
Development Phase – API Definition
•
Technologies
•
•
Development Methodologies
•
Modeling tools and philosophies
•
Connectivity Mechanisms
•
API definition
Applicability to Military WF
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
Standardization and harmonization
of the different platform and security
API
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
61
Task 5.1
Testing Phase – Conformance by inheritance
•
Technologies
•
•
Conformance by inheritance
•
Automatic testing techniques
Applicability to Military WF
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
The compliance by inheritance
automatically needs a certified tool.
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
62
Task 5.1
Specification Phase – Automatic testing techniques
•
Technologies
•
•
Conformance by inheritance
•
Automatic testing techniques
•
DSL as a test language
Applicability to Military WF
•
The draft of the SCA Next born with
the idea of:
Re-factor SCA so that it can be completely
tested in an automated fashion
•
Automatic test are not simple, so the
requirements to perform these test
are:
• Understanding the tests
• Updating the tests
• Understanding the results
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
Tied to API’s and standards. In order
to assure compliancy by inheritance
or be able to have automated tests, it
is of significant importance to have
mature and harmonized standards.
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
63
Task 5.1
Maintenance Phase – Maintenance cycles & Recertification
•
Technologies
•
•
Maintenance cycles
•
Recertification of systems
Applicability to Military WF
•
Final Report
28 June 2011
The application of these concepts
can apply not only to the
maintenance of a given military
waveform but to the whole SDR
terminal.
•Shorten maintenance cycles. Can decrease enormously the budget
destined to the maintenance of a give
waveform or terminal
•Recertification. The impact of
shortening and relaxing the
requirements for the recertification
process will impact not only in the own
maintenance process but also in the
improvement and updating processes
of the fielded terminals
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
64
Task 5.2 Draft description of an Universal Waveform
Design Environment
•
Basic considerations for the definition of the WDE
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
•
Tool chain shall have large commonality with the public safety and commercial domains
Ensure tool variety (no single vendor solution)
Support of Model Based Design ideas
Keep tool complexity and cost low
Don’t hamper tool maturation
Consider different security requirements
Consider diverging architectures
Structure of the WDE
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
65
Research for Exchangeability of Model Data
MDA Term
Tool Chain
Output
CIM
Word, UML,
OPNET, Matlab
Specification,
Al gorithms
PIM
UML, OPNET,
Matlab/Simulink
PSM
MDA Term
Tool Chain
Output
Transfer Spec
CIM
Word, UML,
OPNET, Matlab
Specification,
Algorithms
Model
Transfer PIM
PIM
UML, OPNET,
Matlab/Simulink
Model
UML, OPNET,
Matlab/Simulink
Model, Code
C, C++,
VHDL, XML
Transfer PSM
UML, OPNET,
Matlab/Simulink
Model, Code
C, C++,
VHDL, XML
IDE + compiler
Binary
executable
IDE + compiler
Binary
executable
PSM
Transfer Code
Target Close
Platform TCP
Target Close
Platform TCP
Target Platform
TCP
Target Platform
TCP
• The tool chains need not to be the same, but need to have similar rules /design elements and
standardized interfaces between the two tool chains (some sort of "input- and output filters")
• For the exchange of models the XMI-Standard (XML Metadata Interchange) can be used; the market shall
force the use of the existing specifications.
XMI has to be supplemented by specification of the full set of modeling elements to be used in the SDR
domain
• Recommendation: Start a specification activity under participation of significant tool vendors
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
66
Wireless Innovation Forum
**2011 Top 10 Required Innovations**
Innovation #2 Interconnected “software” development tools.
+ Executive Summary:
SDR development requires collaboration across multiple
engineering disciplines using heterogeneous tools.
Development practices today are mainly company or even
project specific. Standards for exchanging information between
different steps in the process are not mature enough; tools do
not use standard interchange formats and are not interoperable.
An area of emphasis should be on the development of tool
interchange standards and the development of end-to-end
processes and tools.
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
67
Study Conclusions in overview:
1.
A universal, highly configurable waveform development tool
is not feasible today, due to:
–
–
–
–
–
2.
3.
Architectural differences between domains and vendors
Complexity
Cost
Security
Continuing tool maturation
Porting and exchange of components can be improved significantly by transfering
waveform models between the tool chains of the two involved organisations.
The tool chains do not need to be the same, but the same interface mechanisms are
required to perform the exchange
 This issue has recently been put by the WInnF
amongst the 10 Most Required Technologies for 2011
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
68
Thank you
for your attention
Final Report
28 June 2011
Universal Waveform Generation Tool Study
EDA File reference: 09-ARM-003
69