The.impact.of.using.beta-glucan.in.raising.livestock.vaccine.efficacy
Ideas.to.be.discussed:
Page.no.
content
2
introduction
2
What.is.beta.glucan.substance?
2
Biochemical.structure.of.beta.glucan.as.one.of.polysaccharides
3
Physicochemical.properties.of.beta.glucan.substance
4
Sources.of.beta.glucan.extraction
4
All.benefits.comes.from.beta.glucan
5
The.role.of.beta.glucan.as.an.immunomodulatory.to.raise.the.efficiency.of.livestock.vaccines.and.immunity
.
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(The.impact.of.using.beta.glucan.in.developing.animal.wealth.and.production)
introduction
Beta.glucan.is.considerd.one.of.many.polysaccharides.the.relies.at.the.cell.membrane.of.some.mi
croscopic.microbes.as.bacteria,.fungi.,.yeast.and.some.cereals.as.oatmeal.and.barely.but.each.ext
ract.has.its.own.specific.chemical.properities.as.beta.glucan.has.a.major.role.in.raising.the.animal
s.non.specific.immunity.against.infection.
Whats.is.beta.glucan.substance?
This.substance.called.beta.glucan.is.one.of.many.polysaccharides.that.lies.in.the.cell.wall.of.bacte
ria.or.fungus.or.yeast.and.eaven.there.is.a.plant.of.cereal.based.beta.glucan.extracted.from.oatm
eal.specially.as.a.syrub.
The.chemical.structure.of.beta.glucan
.Atomic.formula:.C18.H32.O16.
Atomic.weight:.504,438.g/mol
Beta.glucan.as.a.polysaccharide.is.consistes.of.many.number.of.type.D.glucose.which.have.a.hexa
gonal.ring.and.all.these.glucose.unites.are.united.by.beta.1,3.glycosidic.bond.except.the.one.from
.oatmeal.has.two.bonds.1,3.and.1,4.beta.glycosidic.bond
Figure(1).explaining.the.chemical.structure.of.beta.glucan
.
.
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.Physicochemical.properties.of.beta.glucan
Water.solubility
Branching
structure
source
Bacteria
.Not
Not.branched
.Not
fungi
Short.1,6.beta
.Not
Yeast
.Long.1,6.beta
Cereals
Water.soluble
Not.branched
.
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.Sources.of.beta.glucan
Beta.glucan.sources.are.a.lot.according.to.the.extract.as.an.example.is.bacteria.fungus.yeast.and.
cereals.as.oatmeal
Example
Source
Lactic.acid.bacteria
Bacteria
Aspergillus
Fungus
Saccharomyces.cerevisiae
Yeast
Oatmeal
Barely
Cereals
Benefits.of.using.beta.glucan.at.general.for.health
.
Beta.glucan.is.considerd.one.of.the.most.important.and.effective.for.animal.and.human.also.bird.
health.as.it.has.a.role.in.immunomodulation.or.stimulation.and.lowering.blood.glucose.and.chole
sterol.also.shown.to.be.effective.in.Human.papilloma.virus
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Role.of.Beta.Glucan.in.raising.the.Effectiveness.of.livestock.vaccination
When.beta.glucan.is.given.orally.will.be.abosrped.through.intestines.but.not.as.much.as.expected
..and.be.recognized.by.local.macrophage.,.dendritic.cells
Beta.glucan.has.receptors.on.these.cells.called.Dectin1.(.most.important).and.also.complement.receptor.3.(Cr3)
so.when.beta.glucan.is.present.immune.cells.are.stimulated.through.mentioned.receptors.above.
and.increase.specially.macrophage.cells.beside.that.help.in.production.of.pro.inflammatory.cytoci
nes.as.interleukin.(IL6,.IL8,.IL10)
the.vaccine.efficiency.is.raised.by.the.following.,.either.by.giving.the.animal.beta.glucan.oral.prod
ucts.before.vaccination.as.there.an.interval.between.vaccine.and.its.booster.dose.by.fourteen.da
ys.in.order.for.the.body.to.react.with.the.vaccine.and.produce.immunity.and.antibodies.for.it.besi
de.memory.cells.for.the.next.infection.if.occurs.so.beta.glucan.stimulate.immune.cells.and.their.ci
.rculating.number.helping.to.shorten.this.period.as.in.this.period.animal.is.sucpetible.for.infection
as.another.way.we.can.use.whole.glucan.derived.particles.as.an.adjuvant.for.the.vaccine.to.stimu
late.immune.response.in.different.ways
.
.Figure(2).showing.how.beta.glucan.act.immunologically
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