Skills Revision
Geography
Dividing photos (if needed)
Description of coast
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Landforms/ features
Gradient (e.g. Steep, gentle, flat)
Texture (e.g. rough, smooth, uneven)
Geology/ materials (e.g. sand, rocks)
Structure (e.g. joints, faults)
Height/ Elevation
Presence and type of vegetation
Presence and type of human activity (e.g. built structures, management / protection
measures, recreational activities)
• Evidence of erosion or deposition
Example
• Bay that curves inward
near to the sea.
• Wide sandy beach of flat
gradient at the bay near to
the sea
• Presence of steep cliff
behind the beach
• cliff is covered with
vegetation
• Presence of human
involving in recreational
activities at the beach,
boats in the sea and a pier
on the beach
Example
• rocky beach of gentle
gradient near to the
sea
• Rocky beach made of
smooth round
pebbles
• Presence of
vegetation behind
the rocky beach
Example
• shore platform of
gentle gradient near to
the sea
• tall, Steep vertical cliff
with horizontal joints
behind shore platform
• Rock debris found on
the shore platform at
the base of the cliff
Try Question 1
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Landforms/ features
Gradient (e.g. Steep, gentle, flat)
Texture (e.g. rough, smooth, uneven)
Geology/ materials (e.g. sand, rocks)
Structure (e.g. joints, faults)
Height/ Elevation
Presence and type of vegetation
Presence and type of human activity (e.g. built structures, management / protection
measures, recreational activities)
• Evidence of erosion or deposition
Try Question 1
• Flat/ gently-sloping shore platform near the sea,
• steep cliff at the back/ further from the sea
• with rock debris on the shore platform at the foot of cliff or uneven/
rough at shore platform due to presence of rock debris
• presence of vegetation on upper part of cliff
• stairways in the gap/ hole that cut the cliff in half
Labeled vs Annotated
Typhoon path
• where did it start?
• latitude and longitude
• what ocean/ sea?
• in what direction did it travel? (NESW)
• Towards what countries?
• Deflection to left/ right?
• What direction it travelled after deflection (NESW)
• Where did it make landfall? Which country? Which part of the
country?
Example
Describe the
path
of Hurricane Irma
2
(a)
Study Fig. 4 which shows the path of Hurricane Irma.
30°N
Florida
25°N
20°N
Legend:
15°N
Strength of Hurricane Irma
Fig. 4
Example
• Started in the Atlantic Ocean near San Juan / Santo Domingo or originate from
warm waters (15°N) near San Juan / Santo Domingo
• Moving west/ north-west towards Miami
• Hurricane Irma deflects right due to its location in the Northern hemisphere
(15°N) due to Coriolis effect.
• after deflection, move north from Miami to Savannah
• Hurricane Irma hit landfall at Florida.
• Traveling from sea to land (San Juan to Florida)
• Strength of hurricane decreases overtime, starting at 5 units at Santa Domino, to
3units when it hits landfall in Florida.
• Strength of hurricane starts to dissipate once it reaches landfall at Florida, from 3
units at Florida to 1 unit at Savannah.
Describing location and extent
• latitudes and longitudes
• compass direction (NESW)
• country/ continent/ place
• along the coast
• linear/ nucleated/ dispersed
• actual distance/ area/ extent (using the map scale)
Try question 3
Study Figs. 6A and 6B (Insert), which show the Sundarbans, an area of
mangroves. Fig. 6B is an enlargement of the area shaded in Fig. 6A.
Use Figs. 6A and 6B to describe the location and extent of the
Subdarbans.
Question 3 Answers
• Southern coast of Bangladesh, about 170km south of Dhaka
• northeastern tip of India, about 86km southeast of Kolkata,
• Delta region, facing the Bay of Bengal
• Stretches 246km in width from 22-23°N
• and 490km in length from 88-91°E
Describe distribution (location/ patterns)
• General pattern/ trend
• Where are the highest value?
• Where are the lowest value?
• Examples to support
• Example for highest value
• Example for lowest value
• Anomaly(ies)
• Describe why is it an anomaly
• Example of the anomaly
Describe distribution (for tectonic – general
world map)
• found at/along plate boundary
• example(s) of general location/ region/ places (e.g.
pacific ring of fire, along the coast) – not plate
names
• found at convergent/ divergent/ transform
boundary where plates move towards/away/ slide
past each other (repeat when necessary)
• Examples of plates at respective boundaries –
specific plate names
• Anomalies (e.g. away from plate boundaries)
• Examples of plates/ area showing anomaly
Describe distribution (for tectonic – specific
map)
• linear/ nucleated/ dispersed
distribution/pattern
• Along the coast/ inland
• Compass direction (north/ south/ east/
west)
• Name of region/ country/ city
• Facing what? (e.g facing the Pacific Ocean)
• Distance (e.g. 100km from… )
Describe graph
• General Trend/ pattern
• Highest rate of change (steepest)
• Lowest rate of change (gentlest)
• little/ no change
REMEMBER TO
• Highest point
SUPPORT WITH DATA!
• Lowest point
• Anomaly(ies)
DESCRIPTION + DATA = 1m
Describe trends
• General Trend/ pattern
• Highest rate of change (steepest)
• Lowest rate of change (gentlest)
• little/ no change
REMEMBER TO
• Highest point
SUPPORT WITH DATA!
• Lowest point
• Anomaly(ies)
DESCRIPTION + DATA = 1m
Climographs
• Climate Type
• Mean monthly temperature
• Annual temperature range
• Total annual rainfall
• Rainfall distribution
• wet and dry season
• every month have rain/ more or less uniform
rainfall throughout the year
• *quote data on highest rainfall vs lowest
rainfall + the months or uniform of how
much rainfall on average
REMEMBER TO
SUPPORT WITH DATA!
DESCRIPTION + DATA = 1m
Describe vs Explain
Describe impacts of earthquakes.
Explain impacts of earthquakes.
• Earthquakes caused the
buildings to collapse and a loss
of lives.
• Earthquakes will result in shakes
which will then topple the
building if the building is not
able to withstand the shakes. As
a result, the buildings will
collapse and result in a loss of
lives.
Describe vs Explain
Describe reasons for high damages by
earthquakes.
• Higher population density, so more
damages.
• Nearer to epicentre so much damages
Explain reasons for high damages by
earthquakes.
• Higher population density means
more people are living in one unit
area of land. Hence, more people
are exposed to the shakes of the
earthquakes, resulting in more
injuries or deaths, thus more
damages.
• Nearer to epicentre, experience
more violent shakes. Therefore,
more buildings may collapse and
cause more injuries or deaths. Thus
a higher damages.
Formation of tectonic landforms
1. Plate Boundary
• Convergent
• Divergent
• Transform
2. Forces
• Compressional
• Tensional
• Shear
3. Plate movement
• Plates moving towards each other
• Plates moving away from each
other
• Plates sliding past each other
4. Types of Plates
• Continental
• Oceanic
5. Processes
• Seafloor spreading
• Folding
• Faulting
• Subduction
6. How it formed (explanation)
7. Landform (forming a …)
8. Specific Examples (name of plates involved)