UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
PRACTICAL 4
SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
(MICROPROCESSOR LAB)
TITLE: Simple Application by Flight-68K
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 1 -
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
OBJECTIVE:
At the end of this session, student should be able to:
1. Create a ‘delay’ by writing a program (software delay).
2. Control output devices such as LED and DC motor.
3. Learn various programming technique using a microcomputer Flight-68K Training System.
TOOLS:
a) FLT-68K Microprocessor board.
b) Multi Applications Board.
c) Stop watch
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 2 -
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
SEKSYEN A (DELAY)
THEORY:
It is often necessary to control how long certain actions last. This can be achieved using
software delays or more accurately by use of a timer.
In the various states of the sequence, lights have to be on (or off) for a clearly defined time
measured in seconds. So our program must contain a means of measuring one second. The easiest
way, which does not need any further hardware devices, is a software delay.
Generally, in a microprocessor-based system, the processing speed of a program is depends
on the speed of a clock used in the system. It is also known that each command line will take a few
cycles to be executed. Thus, the higher the speed of the clock, the faster the microprocessor executes
every command line in the program. For example, if a system used a 10MHz of clock oscillator, the
time for 1 cycle is 1/f = 0.1µs. Assumed the following command lines are to be executed by the
microprocessor,
MOVE.L
# 384614, D6 ; load D6 with a fixed value
SUBI.L
#1,D6
By referring to the Instruction Execution Times Table, the number of cycles taken to execute
each command is:
MOVE.L
# 384614, D6
is 12 cycles
SUBI.L
#1,D6
is 16 cycles
Thus, the number of cycles to execute the above two command lines is 28 cycles. Since the
system use a 10MHz clock oscillator, the number of times taken is
28 cycles x 0.1µs = 2.8µs
If we create a program which loops round on it and does this for a fixed number of times, for
a given processor, running at a given clock rate, this process will always take the same time. All we
have to do is write such a multiple loop so that it takes one second to complete. (i.e. Load a register
with a large number, decrement the number, test to see if it is zero yet, and if not decrement again,
and test for zero again etc. finally leaving the loop when the decremented count = 0.)
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 3 -
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
PROCEDURE:
1. Let’s examine a suitable delay timer as below:
DELAY
DEL1
MOVE.L
SUBI.L
BNE
RTS
#1000, D6
#1,D6
DEL1
* load D6 with a fixed value of 1000
* decrement D6
* is it zero, if not jump back to DEL1
* it is zero, then exit
2. By using the simple program above, the applications board and a stopwatch, explain how you could
measure a delay for 1 second.
QUESTION: What is the fix value of D6 for 1 second?
SEKSYEN B (RUNNING LIGHT APPLICATION)
PROCEDURE:
1. IDE 68K Simulation for running light
i)
Launch the IDE68K and write this program
LOOP
DELAY
DEL1
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
ORG
$400400
MOVE.B
MOVE.B
JSR
ROL.B
BRA
#1,D0
D0,$0000E004
DELAY
#1,D0
LOOP
MOVE.L
SUB.L
BNE
SUB.B
BNE
RTS
#25000,D6
#1,D6
DEL1
#1,D2
DELAY
;load D6
Compile the code and click the run visual simulator
At Peripheral drop down menu, click Configure peripherals. For LED’s peripheral
address is set to 0000E004 and click OK.
Go back to the peripheral drop down menu again and click LED’s to launch 8 bits of
LED.
Run the simulation by clicking the run button. Give your observation.
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 4 -
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
2. Implementation on Flight 68K
i)
By using the same code above, compile and load it to flight 68K. Give observation
ii)
Change the value load to D6 from 2500 to 384614. Compile and load back to flight 68K
board. Compare the result from both experiments.
QUESTION: In your opinion, why there is a difference on the delay time set by the IDE68K simulator
versus Flight 68K board when D6 is set to 2500?
SEKSYEN C (DC MOTOR)
THEORY:
A DC motor can be controlled by simply ON or OFF i.e. either stop or run, at its maximum speed.
Figure 1 below shows the flow of motor control in this practical:
Application Board Description : A small dc motor with 3 bladed propellers is limited to approximately
8000 RPM by two current limiting resistors that are connected to the board. The polarity of the voltage
applied to the motor, hence forward and reverse is selected by relay K1.
Motor ON either forward/reverse is selected by output bits 6 &7 on Port B. Their value is decoded by
U4 such that:
(SET bit 6) and (CLEAR bit 7)
-
produce forward motion
(CLEAR bit 6) and (SET bit7)
-
produce reverse motion
(CLEAR bit 6) and (CLEAR bit 7)
-
cause motor to stop
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 5 -
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
PROCEDURE :
1. Write and complete the program below by referring the theoretical methods above. (You can refer
the comments at the right of program for reference)
INITIALISE THE PI/T
MOTOR
MOVE.B
BSR
MOVE.B
BSR
MOVE.B
BSR
MOVE.B
BSR
BRA
DELAY
DEL1
MOVE.L
SUBI.L
BNE
RTS
#
, PBDR
DELAY
#
, PBDR
DELAY
#
, PBDR
DELAY
#
, PBDR
DELAY
MOTOR
#
, D6
#1 , D6
DEL1
; set to ‘forward’ bit
; run ‘forward’ for 1s
; set to ‘stop’ bit
; the motor stop for 1s
; set to ‘reverse’ bit
; run ‘reverse’ for 1s
; set to ‘stop’ bit
; the motor stop for 1s
; repeat the whole program
; set the value for 1s delay
END
2. Test the program by using FLT-68K and Application Board. Set the switch to motor DC on
application board located in the MODE SWITCHES section.
3. Use the procedure, which you have been done before to assemble, download and execute the
program by using Flight and Application Board.
4. Give your observation.
QUESTION:
a. Write your own program for 6 seconds Forward, 6 seconds Reverse, then 2 seconds pause and
demo to the lecturer.
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 6 -
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
REPORT LAB 4
Name
:
Matric no. :
Course
:
Group :
SEKSYEN A
Question:
What is the fix value of D6 for 1 second?
D6 = ________________________
SEKSYEN B
Observation & Comparison:
Question: In your opinion, why there is a differences on the delay time set by the IDE68K simulator vs
Flight 68K board when D6 is set to 2500?
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 7 -
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL
MALAYSIA MELAKA
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
Document No. : DEKC3453
By : TC.Ma
SUBJECT : MICROPROCESSOR
Issue No. / Rev : 3 / 2
SEKSYEN C
Program code:
MOTOR
MOVE.B
BSR
MOVE.B
BSR
MOVE.B
BSR
MOVE.B
BSR
BRA
DELAY
DEL1
MOVE.L
SUBI.L
BNE
RTS
#
, PBDR
DELAY
#
, PBDR
DELAY
#
, PBDR
DELAY
#
, PBDR
DELAY
MOTOR
#
, D6
#1 , D6
DEL1
; set to ‘forward’ bit
; run ‘forward’ for 1s
; set to ‘stop’ bit
; the motor stop for 1s
; set to ‘reverse’ bit
; run ‘reverse’ for 1s
; set to ‘stop’ bit
; the motor stop for 1s
; repeat the whole program
; set the value for 1s delay
END
Observation:
Program code for triggering motor 6 seconds forward, 6 seconds reverse, then 2 seconds pause and
demo to the lecturer.
LAB 3
GROUP : 2 DEK
TITLE : SIMPLE APPLICATION BY FLIGHT-68K
DURATION : 3 HRS
WEEK : 8
M/S : - 8 -