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FINISHING MATTERIAL
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Finishing Material
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Provide mechanical protection or conceal the materials.
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Represent an active contribution to the visual and haptic
design.
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Directly contact with users then they make a vital
contribution to the space and its comfort
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Standard requirements: non-slip properties, wearing
resistance, reaction to fire
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They should be possible to renew or repair
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Finishing Material
Other requirements depend on the usage category :
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In industry: high compress + shear loads + abrasion are
priorities;
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In school: sound insulation + haptic factors + odor +
durability are critical
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In wet interior areas: non-slip surfaces + easy-clean must be
guaranteed.
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Finishing Material
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Stone finishes
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Metal finishes
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Ceramic finishes
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Textile finishes
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Wooden finishes
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Laminate finishes
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Translucent finishes
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Synthetic material finishes
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Stone finishes
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Homogeneous stone
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Reconstituted stone
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Solid surface
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Stone finishes
Homogeneous stone
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Slate
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Limestone
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Granite
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Travertine
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Marble
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Quartz
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Sandstone
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STONE FINISHES
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Slate
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Granite
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Marble
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Marble
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Sandstone
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Limestone
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Limestone
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Travertine
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Quartz
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Quartz
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Quartz
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Stone finishes
Reconstituted stone
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First place is in the heavy-duty floor covering.
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A robust and inexpensive version is cement screed. If it is used
at floor, it must be well protected so that is not damaged or
contaminated prior to being seal.
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A terrazzo is more expensive because it is more labor-intensive.
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Consists of: (marble + porphyry + tuff/ granite chipping) form in
concrete or cement mass.
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Thickness : 20-30 mm with high burnable finish.
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This is also available in forms of tiles and flags, coarser than
cement tiles but can be produced in large formats up to 500x500
mm tiles.
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Stone finishes
Reconstituted stone
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Stone finishes
Solid surface
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CERAMIC FINISHES
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Ceramic Tile finishes
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Durable and hardwearing finish.
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Production: clay is fired
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At lower temperature (stoneware) : must be protected against abrasion
+ need vitreous glaze for infiltration of water.
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At high temperature (earthenware) : merely impregnated and easy-care
surface.
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Clay in form of Kaolin, at high temperature (Porcelain) : know as China
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Thickness of Ceramic tiles’ adhesive depend on the properties of
substrate and tile dimension
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High specific heat capacity, suitable for conjunction with under floor
heating.`
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Ceramic finishes
Huge range of tile formats are available:
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Large format (600-1200mm side length): make room more
spacious
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Very large format (1000 x 3000mm): with just 3mm thick ->
from porcelain, very dense and durable.
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Small format mosaic tiles (on a mesh backing): for decorative
pattern and artistic effects.
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Glass mosaic tiles: size starting at 10x10mm, durable and
variant for wet area and swimming pools.
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WOODEN FINISHES
Natural Wood & Engineered Wood
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Natural Wood
Hardwood
Definition Comes from deciduous trees that
drop their leaves every year.
Uses
Softwood
Conifer trees have needles, normally do not
lose them.
Used for trimmings and furniture but Widely used as woodware for building
less frequently than softwood.
(homes/cabins) and furniture.
Examples Examples of hardwood are
Examples of softwood trees are pine,
mahogany, teak, walnut, oak, ash,
spruce, cedar, fir, larch, douglas-fir etc.
elm, aspen, poplar, birch, maple etc.
Cost
Hardwood is typically more
expensive than softwood.
Softwood is typically less expensive
compared to hardwood.
Growth
Hardwood has a slower growth rate. Softwood has a faster rate of growth.
Properties Broad leaves; enclosed nuts; higher Less dense; less durable; high calorific
density: not all hardwood is hard e.g. values; coniferous trees.
poplar and basswood.
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Natural Wood
Density
Hardwood has a higher density and
is therefore usually harder.
Softwood has a lower density, therefore
most softwood varieties are softer than
hardwood.
Colour
Dark
Light
Anular
ring
Weight
Not Distinct
Distinct
Heavy
Light
Strenght
Strong in compression, tension and
shear(strong along and across the
grains)
Strong in tension but weak in
shear(strong along the granins)
Structure
Non - resinous and close grained
Resinous and splits easy
Fire
More
Resistance
Conversio Difficult
n
Poor
Easy
http://www.diffen.com/difference/Hardwood_vs_Softwood
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Natural Wood
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Engineered wood
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Glued building products "engineered" for application-specific
performance requirements
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Manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers,
lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a larger,
more efficient composite structural unit
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These products include:
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Glued laminate timber
Plywood
Practical board
OSB ( MFC)
Wood-wool lightweight boards
Wood fiberboards (MDF – HDF)
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Form in use
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Wood block
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Wood board
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Wood cover (veneer)
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Wood block
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Wood board
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Wood flooring
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Wood flooring
VẬT LIỆU
GỖ
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Wood panel
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Wood louver
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Venner
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Veneer
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Furniture
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Translucent finishes
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Glass
Production:
quartz sand + additives + metal/salt
melted together at 1200-1500 oC
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Glass
a _ Design purpose
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Visual effect
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Translucent level
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Finishing surface
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Room illumination
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Isolation issue
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Glass
b _ Technical information
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Translucent level
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Heat transfer level
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UV protection
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Isolation issue
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Strength level
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Glass
c _ Product availability
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Available dimension
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Production process
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Glass quality and origin
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Suitable hardware
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Glass
d _ Type of glasses
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Glass properties can be modified by raw materials.

Chemical or physical coating method is the most
popular to adjust: strength, sound isolation, reaction to
fire, resistance to soiling, light permeability and energy
transmittance
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Glass can be cast to form a milky-translucent, non-even
products or glass blocks. While, float method can
produce high transparent glass with smooth surface free
from stresses
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Glass
Cast glass
Float glass
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Glass
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Toughened safety glass, tinted
glass or temper glass reduces
the risk of injuries form glass
fragment when it use as
partition or door. As a floor
covering, glass has to be
reinforced with a plastic film
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Toughened / temper glass
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Glass
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Light permeability can be
modified by sandblasting,
acid-etching, ceramic, silkscreen printing technique
known as laminated glass
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Laminated glass
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Glass
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Milky-translucent glass is used
for decorating, and laser
engraving create seemingly
three-dimension object with
thousand of white dots
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Glass
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Colored transparent glass can
be changed by adding PVB
film between 2 panes,,
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Glass
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Stove-enameling with ceramic or pigments known as ceramic glass
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Glass
e _ Affect to user
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Greenhouse effect
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Safety in use
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Chemical affect to interior air
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Recycle issue
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Translucent material
Acrylic
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Translucent level
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Colors
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Colors
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Forms
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Form in use
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Stretch Fabric
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Metal finishes
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Metal finishes
a.
Design purpose
b.
Technical information
c.
Product availability
d.
Classification
e.
Affect to user
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Công năng sử dụng
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Trang trí
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Phân loại & tính chất vật liệu
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Stainless Steel
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Brass (Đồng thau)
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Rose gold (Đồng đỏ)
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Steel & Iron
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Textile & Leather finishes
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Textile & Leather finishes
a.
Design purpose
b.
Technical information
c.
Product availability
d.
Classification
e.
Affect to user
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Textile & Leather finishes
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Textile & Leather for partition cover
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Textile & Leather for furniture
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Carpet
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Curtain & Blind
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Carpet
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Curtain
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Texture
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Laminate finishes
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Laminate - Fomica
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Synthetic finishes
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Synthetic finishes
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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
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Polyolefin (PO)
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Polyurethane (PU)
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Rubber floor
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Rubber floor
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Vinyl floor
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Vinyl floor
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Vinyl floor
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Epoxy