PHRASAL VERBS PART 1 VERB look put get bring turn + PREPOSITION or PARTICLE up make take run break carry... on down + out of over off out for... VERB PREPOSITION or PARTICLE + look for = search make up = invent put out = extinguish take off = leave the ground get over = recover run out of = have none left bring up = rear, educate break down = collapse turn up = appear unexpectedly carry on = continue VERB+ PARTICLE + keep up with PREPOSITION advance at the same pace run out of have none left put up with bear patiently look forward to expect with pleasure Phrasal verbs express a particular meaning: literal Take off your jacket. idiomatic I’ve taken up golf. Put out the cat. The car broke down. Look at the picture. Only 20 people turned up. PHRASAL VERBS WITH LITERAL AND IDIOMATIC MEANING PUT OUT I always put out the cat at night. Put out the cigarette, please. (extinguish) PHRASAL VERBS WITH LITERAL AND IDIOMATIC MEANING PICK UP Can you pick up the diskette for me, please? I dropped it. I picked up some new slang expressions while watching that movie. (learn) PHRASAL VERBS WITH LITERAL AND IDIOMATIC MEANING TAKE OFF Take off that funny party hat. You look stupid in it. The plane took off 10 minutes ago. (leave the ground) PHRASAL VERBS PART 2 VERB + PREPOSITION or PARTICLE sometimes they help us understand the phrasal verb’s meaning. ON Why do you go on working? Carry on! Don’t keep on telling me this! (meaning: continue) OVER Think it over and let me know. We’d better talk it over. Go over the exercise again. (meaning: consider) OUT The lights went out. Rub that out before mum sees it. Many customs have died out. (meaning: disappear) OUT The cat stretched out in front of the fire. Hold out your hand. He put his tongue out. (meaning: outward movement) UP Eat it all up! We’ve used it up already. Drink up and then we’ll go. (meaning: finish, all, totally) OFF He drove off like a maniac. Back off! We set off early in the morning. (meaning: movement) up up increasing go up; put up completing and concluding write up; set up; give up approaching come up; disrupting and damaging break up; mess up down down decreasing and reducing come down; cut down collapsing, failing and ending fall down; turn down; close down writing and recording take down; write down controlling and suppressing keep down on on continuing keep on; go on thinking or talking about a topic comment on; decide on; concentrate on attaching and adding add on; put on operating switch on; turn on off off completing and finishing departure, exploding removing, rejecting, cancelling decreasing, consuming in in entering, arriving and penetrating come in, get in, break in filling and absorbing fill in, colour in, take in (information) gathering and collecting take in (object), bring in remaining in a place sit in; lock in; stay in out out (i) leaving, removing and excluding go out, take out, cut out, throw out searching and discovering check out, find out, work out, increasing in size or extent grow out, stretch out, branch out disappearing and diminishing fade out, phase out, stamp out, put out out (ii) distributing give out, hand out, send out, run out supporting and helping help out, point out attacking, criticising and protesting hit out, speak out over over considering look over, think over, talk over communicating put over, get over changing and transferring change over, hand over controlling take over under under (not used in phrasal verbs) through through Associated with difficult / unpleasant things overcoming an illness or difficult period come through, get through, pull through forcing an opinion push through, force through, put through (a)round (a)round avoiding get (a)round being inactive hang (a)round, sit (a)round, get (a)round to changing opinions bring (a)round, come (a)round across across communicating get across, put across other particles away movement from = via apart separation and disintegration = disfare; distruggere together unity and groups; organisation = insieme
