The Respiratory System: Unit worksheet Name: ___________ 1.List 3 functions of the respiratory system___________________________________________________ 2. List 3 functions of the paranasal sinuses ___________________________________________________ 3. Small hairs in nasal cavity that move mucous and trapped debris___________________ 4. Write the area of the pharynx that matches the following: a) Nose: __________________ b) Mouth: _____________________c) Larynx___________________ K. H . I. J. 5. Label the structure that matches the picture and description. Then colorcode. A. “Windpipe”; Carries air towards lungs ______________________ B. Grape-like clusters where gas exchange occurs __________________ C. Large muscle that helps lift lungs during inspiration__________________ D. The 2 primary respiratory organs______ E. Membrane that covers the lungs ______ F. Location of vocal cords______________ G. What the trachea branches into______ H. Common food and air passageway ___________ I. Closes larynx during swallowing _____ J. What bronchi branch into ____________ K. Warms and moistens air during breathing; traps particles________________ 6. Put the following structures in order from smallest to largest: Bronchi, Trachea, Alveoli, Bronchioles 7. – Colorcode the oxygen rich areas red and oxygen poor areas blue. Then complete the paragraph below using the choices provided _______ A. Aorta B. Diffusion C. Alveoli (used twice) D. Pulmonary arteries E. Oxygen F. Carbon dioxide G. Vena Cava H. Blood capillaries (used twice) I. Pulmonary veins All gas exchanges are made by a.___ as substances pass from high to low concentrations. After inhalation, oxygen passes from an area of high concentration within the b.___ into an area of low concentration within the c.________. Conversely, Carbon dioxide will pass from an area of high concentration within the d.____ into an area of low concentration within the e.____ where it will then be exhaled. Blood is continuously circulated towards the lungs to be oxygenated. Oxygen poor blood is carried from the right ventricle to the lungs via the f.______, while oxygen rich blood is returned to the left atrium via the g. ____. From here, it will be pumped to the left ventricle and eventually throughout the body via the h.____. As the vessels branch into capillaries, they will give off i. ___ to the cells and pick up j. ____ causing the blood to become oxygen poor. The vessels will merge to form larger veins until they join to form the k. __ that will return oxygen poor blood to the right atrium. 8. What 2 areas of the brain control the rate of breathing? ____________________________________ 9. Breathing rate is mostly controlled by the blood concentration of which gas? _____________________ 10. Why does breathing into a paper bag help during hyperventilation? ______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ #s 11-16 - Write the term and the volume that corresponds to the description below. Total Lung capacity Residual volume Volume Inspiratory reserve volume Tidal Volume Vital Capacity Expiratory Reserve Term 11._________________________________________________________ 12._________________________________________________________ 13. ________________________________________________________ 14. ________________________________________________________ Air volume inhaled during normal breathing Total amount of EXCHANGEABLE air Total amount of air that lungs can hold Amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal breath 15. ________________________________________________________ Amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled 16. _________________________________________________________ Air remaining in lungs at all times 17. Explain how a lung sample can be used to determine if death occurred shortly before or after birth. ____ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. A device used to measure long capacity is called a/an: _______________________ 19. Inspiration is a/an (active or passive) process. During this, the diaphragm and intercostals (contract or relax), the ribs move (inward or outward), and the air pressure inside the lungs (increases or decreases). #s 20-41 – WRITE THE BREATHING TERM OR DISEASE THAT APPLIES Asthma Chronic bronchitis Lung Cancer Eupnea Emphysema Dyspnea Tuberculosis Deviated septum Laryngitis Pleurisy Tracheostomy Epipin Sneeze Cough Phlegm Heimlech maneuver Pneumonia Hypoxia Pertussis Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary edema Apnea 20._________________________________Describes normal breathing 21. _________________________________Cessation (stopping) of breathing (often at night) 22. _________________________________Labored breathing 23. _________________________________Describes an oxygen deficiency which can lead to cyanosis 24. ________________________________ Type of COPD where lung lose elasticity, alveoli fuse, and the chest enlarges 25. ____________________________Type of COPD where there is excessive mucous production and frequent coughing 26. __________________________________Condition where bronchial tubes spasm narrowing airways during attacks 27. __________________________________Uncontrolled cell division in lungs, often associated with smoking 28. __________________________________Bacterial infection of the lungs where lung tissue is destroyed 29. _________________________________Inflammation of the alveoli often caused by a viral or bacterial infection 30. __________________Genetic condition that affects ion channels in lungs causing the buildup of thick, sticky mucous 31. _________________________________Inflammation of the covering of the lungs causing painful breathing 32. __________________________Bacterial infection causing a distinct coughing sound; especially dangerous to infants 33. _________________________________Swelling of lung tissue due to osmotic imbalance 34. _____________________________Occurs when the tissue dividing the nostrils is uneven causing difficulty breathing 35. ________________________________Occurs as the vocal cords become swollen due to overuse or illness and are unable to vibrate to produce sound 36. _________________________________Procedure that can be quickly done to dislodge food trapped in the airway 37. _________________________________Procedure where an opening is made in the trachea to re-establish airflow if swelling or disease blocks the air passageway 38. ________________________________Medication injected to open airway in someone suffering anaphylaxis. 39. _______________________________An upper respiratory reflex used to rid the body of an irritant is called a/an: 40. _______________________________ A lower respiratory reflex used to rid the body of an irritant is called a/an: 41. _______________________________Reflex that occurs during changes in wakefulness; May increase oxygen levels 42. Explain why it is dangerous to talk or laugh while eating._______________________________________________
