Introduction to Organic
Agriculture Production NC II
HOPE P. ESPARAGOSA
Instructor I
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
is an ecological production management system that promotes and enhances
biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity. It is based on minimal
use of off-farm inputs and on management practices that restore, maintain, or
enhance ecological harmony.
Organic production system is a system designed to:
• Enhance biological diversity within the whole system
• Increase soil biological activity
• Maintain long-term soil fertility
• Recycle wastes of plant and animal origin in order to return nutrients to the
land, thus minimizing the use of non-renewable resources.
• Rely on renewable resources in locally organized agricultural system
• Promote the healthy use of soil, water and air as well as minimize all forms of
pollution thereto that may result from agricultural practices
What do we mean when we say
ORGANIC?
Organic
in this text the word refers to the
particular farming and processing
systems described in these standards
and not in the classical Chemical sense
(the latter shall be clearly marked with
a † for ease of identification). The term
Organic is nearly synonymous in other
languages to “biological” or
“ecological.”
ORGANIC
CHICKEN RAISING
Insert
Chicken
PNS Provisions
Conversion Period
• Poultry intended for meat products should be
organically reared after 21 days from hatching.
• Layers should be organically reared 42 days
before laying and throughout the laying
period.
PNS Provisions
Breeds and breeding
• Breeding goals are such that animal diversity should be
maintained. Indigenous or native breeds should be
preserved and promoted.
• The use of artificial insemination techniques is allowed.
But shall not use segregated, separated or modified
sperm.
• Breeding techniques that embryo transfer, genetic
engineering, treatments with reproductive hormones
and semen sexing are not allowed.
• The use of genetically engineered species or breeds is
not allowed.
PNS Provisions
Mutilations and animal identification
• Mutilations are prohibited but if it can
improved welfare, health, or hygiene of animals
or for safety reasons, debeaking could be carried
out by qualified personnel who shall see to it
that suffering of animals is reduced to a
minimum.
PNS Provisions
Animal Nutrition
• The diet shall be offered to the animals in a
form allowing them to execute their natural
feeding behavior.
• Supplementation of vitamins and minerals is
allowed for as long as these are obtained from
natural sources.
PNS Provisions
Animal Health
• Health and well-being of animals must be ensured through
preventative animal husbandry practices.
• The well-being of the animals is superior in the choice of
treatment.
• Natural remedies and complementary medical methods have
first priority.
• Use of antibiotics for prophylactic purposes is not allowed
however vaccinations could be carried out with direct
supervision of duly licensed veterinarian with the condition of it
is required legally or when an endemic disease is known in a
region.
• The use of steroids, other synthetic growth promoters or
enhancers, hormones, and substances of synthetic in origin is
prohibited.
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
EGG
>
BROODING > HARDENING
21 – 22 days
Incubating time
>
FREE RANGE
75 days – Harvest
180 to190 days - Selecting
breeders
21 days – Brooding
9 days – Hardening
30 days TOTAL
SETTING-UP POULTRY FARM
The success of organic poultry production enterprise depends
not only on the financial resources of the entrepreneur but also
on the application of technology during the various phases of
production. The following must be considered:
• Personal qualification and capabilities
• Availability of resources
• Supply of good stocks
• Constant supply of other farm inputs
• Market assurance
• Transportation facilities
• Site of the farm
• Compliance to local zoning
HOUSING
HOUSING
SELECTING GOOD STOCKS
From brooding and hardening
stage, we select good chicks to be
group as our Grow-out or Breeder
flocks.
IDENTIFYING UNWANTED
STOCKS
Chicken with symptoms and existing sickness
Deformation (leg)
Deformation (beak)
Colds & internal
problems
(Wings-dropped)
Runny nose
Avian Pox
IDENTIFYING GOOD
STOCKS
Chicken with good characteristics as stocks
Chicken without symptoms
or signs of sickness.
BROODING STAGE
Light and heat proportion
Automatic 31˚-33˚ on their housing.
Manual observe their activities in the brooding area.
Food and water intake
Food should be unlimited
Water should always be fresh at all times
Note
Water and food dispenser should always be
cleaned before using. Cleanliness on brooding houses
should properly observed all the time. In order to lessen the
mortality rate on this stage.
BROODING STAGE
Age of chicks
Temperature
(days)
( Celsius )
1–7
32.2 – 35.0
8 – 14
29.4 – 32.2
14 – 21
26.7 – 29.4
FREE RANGE CHICKEN
Stocking density
3 chicken in every square – meter
(sq.mt.) regardless to its gender.
IMPORTANT:
Giving them area for their growth
and space for their natural activities like
picking and eating insects and
scratching
the
soil.
FREE RANGE CHICKEN
Accessible items: shelter/stand, Water
and Grass as food
Shelter
Water
Grass and alternative
food for chicken
• In humans, health and wellness is greatly
determined by the food he/she eats. This is
also true in animals. Animal health and growth
is largely determined by the kind of feeds and
the feeding system/nutrition.
• There are 5 main components in an
animal feed: protein, fats/lipids,
carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
• Ratio of these main elements vary
depending on the age of the animals.
Nutrient Sources
1. Protein
2. Lipids/Fats
3. Carbohydrates
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
= Animal and
Plant Sources
= Copra/
Grated coconut
= Corn / rice bran
= Concoctions (FFJ)
= Salt, CRH, soil
Feed Types and Nutrient Content
Starter
Grower
Finisher
Protein Lipids/F Carbohyats
drates
35%
8%
50%
25%
8%
60%
18%
15%
60%
Vitamins
2%
2%
2%
Minerals
5%
5%
5%
Protein
Lipids/Fats
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Minerals
= 25%
= 8%
= 60%
= 2%
= 5%
CHICKEN
Animal Age
Kinds/Types of Feeds
Amount of Feeds
01 – 07 days
Chick booster
08 – 14 days
Chick booster
15-16
15 – 21 days
Chick starter
24-25
22 – 28 days
Chick starter
36-37
29 – 35 days
Grower mash
56-57
36 – 42 days
Grower mash
70-71
43 – 49 days
Finisher mash
76-77
50 – harvest
Finisher mash
85-86
11-12 grams/chick
Feed Forms
o Mash
o Pellets
o Crumbles
Health Care Program
•Deworming using dried ipil-ipil
powder or beetle nut
•Administering OHN in the drinking
water
•Vitamin supplementation using
concoctions
Sanitation and Cleanliness
Program
•Cleaning of equipment and
facilities
•Application of beneficial microorganism
•Collection of dung where applicable
HARVESTING POULTRY
FOOD
Good protein source for humans
AGE
Must be at least 2 ½ months or 75 days
old chicken
Weight
900 – 1200g (0.9 – 1.2 kg)
HARVESTING POULTRY
FOOD
Good protein source for humans
AGE
Must be at least 2 ½ months or 75 days
old chicken
Weight
900 – 1200g (0.9 – 1.2 kg)
SELECTING BREEDER
When selecting good breeder, we must
conceder some factors for our chicken
for better result.
Breeding age
at 6-8 months old with good health
condition and appearance for better
performance.
SELECTING BREEDER
Crossbreeding
bigger and better, sick resistant
than pure breeds.
BASILAN/PARAWAKAN (Shamo)
Crossbreed to
SASSO, KABER, Philippine Native Chicken
BALANCE ENVIRONMENT
Where trees and animal are together and
there are no chemical present in the area.
Where dirt of the animals are being
decomposed
by
the
unseen
microorganisms and become fertilizer
naturally to the plants.
Where animals eat fruit that trees produce
and control insect population by eating
them too.
Let’s GO
Thank you &
God bless us all