Exploring Computer Science: Mr Kapptie
Unit: Basics
Turn In List: 1. Bits & Bytes & Data (this file)
“I will demonstrate an understanding of how digital information is stored on computers.”
Title: Bits, Bytes and Digital Data
Content Objectives: Students will explore the world of digital information and be able to convert bits and
bytes to decimal and hexadecimal.
Key Terms:
Base 2 number system. It uses 0s and 1s. (a way of counting with only two digits).
Binary
Bit is the smallest unit of digital information – groups establish our bit system.
Bit and Bit Systems
8 bits of data is one byte.
Byte
Kilo = 1,000 bytes, mega = 1,000,000 bytes, Giga = 1,000,000,000 bytes, Tera =
1,000,000,000,000 bytes
A base sixteen number system, it uses 0-9 and A-F
Kilo, Mega, Giga, Tera
Hexadecimal
Base 2: binary, base 8: octal, base 10: decimal, base 16: hex
Base 2, 8, 10, 16
Gives instruction to the OS of what to do with that file.
File and File Extension
Organization unit on an OS
Folder/Directory
Reveals the location of a file on the computer
Path
Application Terms:
Windows Explorer or Finder
File Attributes - Properties or Get
Info
Size Attributes
Created, Modified and Other File
Attributes
File Compression
File manager
Meta data
Always measured in bytes.
System information
Save space or group files in one zip
Assignment:
Counting in Base 2, Base 10 and Base 16 number systems. Fill in the blanks:
Decimal
Hex
0
1
2
0
1
2
Binary
0000
0001
0010
4
5
3
3
4
5
0011
0100
0101
7
8
9
6
6
7
8
9
0110
0111
1000
1001
10
A
11
B
12
C
1010
1011
1100
13
D
1101
14
E
15
F
1110
1111
Using the following binary tool as a visual aid, see if you can decode the following values… Record all binary values in 8 bits.
Exploring Computer Science: Mr Kapptie
1 Kilobyte (KB) =
1 Megabyte (MB) =
1 Gigabyte (GB) =
1 Terabyte (TB) =
Decimal
1,000 Bytes
1,000,000 Bytes
1,000,000,000 Bytes
1,000,000,000,000 Bytes
Binary
Decimal
Binary
92
=
01011100
12
=
00001100
173
=
10101101
9
=
00001001
53
=
00110101
122
=
01111010
95
=
01011111
232
=
11101000
154
=
10011010
111
=
01101111
255
=
11111111
98
=
01100010
10
=
00001010
85
=
01010101
27
=
00011011
297
=
000100101001
Binary
Hex
Hex
Binary
CA
=
11001010
10
=
00010000
AD
=
10101101
3F
=
00111111
19
=
00011001
2A
=
00101010
83
=
10000011
2B
=
00101011
33
=
00110011
1F
=
00011111
FF
=
11111111
F8
=
11111000
E2
=
11100010
99
=
10011001
1B
=
00011011
9F
=
10011111
1.
List all of the numbers and letters used in the hexadecimal system? 0-9 and A-F
2.
How many unique and individual numbers do we use in our English (base 10) number system? 10 unique numbers: 0, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
Exploring Computer Science: Mr Kapptie
3.
Using the article on “How CD’s Work” explain in your own words how information is read from a CD.
There is an indentation on a flat surface and the light flashes up back into itself if the surface is flat and it reflects to the
side if it is indented, giving a computer the ability to interpret binary code.
4.
What do we call a computer’s language that is made up of 1’s and 0’s? Binary code.
5.
What are the possible values of one bit? 1 or 0
6.
EIGHT bits = 1 byte
7.
128 MB= 128,000 KB
8.
256 KB= 256,000 bytes
9.
512 MB= .512 GB
10. Your phone/music player = 8 GB – CONVERT to Megabytes 8,000 MB
11. Using the ASCII table, provide the following information for your first name:
Your First Name:
Letter
A
Hex
41
Binary 01000001
Notes:
l
6c
01101100
e
65
01100101
c
63
01100011