Cool Solutions for Cooler Interiors
Cool Reflective Roof Coatings
(CRRCs)
Proven Technology to
Reduce Over-heating in Buildings
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Everyone Agrees –
We Need to Operate More Sustainably …
Reducing global warming
and finding ways of managing energy and resources
more intelligently are high priorities
Improved living standards
are targets for most governments world-wide
Would you like to see how, together, we can create
an environmentally advanced success story?
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This is Where the Story Starts –
Exposed to the Damaging Effects of...
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Sunlight and UV radiation
Freeze/thaw cycles
Water ingress
Mechanical strains
Settling and other building movement
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It’s time to turn down the heat a little
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Today’s main resource challenge in roof
technology is heat transmitted from roof to
building interiors
Roof surfaces convert too much direct
sunlight into heat
Heat transfers into the inside of buildings
Buildings become hot and uncomfortable
More energy consumed by air-conditioning
Most significant single contribution to the reduction of CO2 emissions is a
reduction of energy used to control internal temperature of building
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The Physics Behind: Solar Radiation
Almost 100% of solar energy is in the visible or near-infrared range
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The Physics Behind:
Reflectivity & Emissivity
Ideal Cool Roof
Reflectance = 100 %
Emissivity = 100 %
Reflectance – ability of a surface to
reflect heat radiation
Emissivity
– ability of a surface/body
to emit heat by radiation
White Cool Roof
Reflectance ≥ 88 %
Emissivity ≥ 90 %
Black Roof (bituminous)
Reflectance ≥ 5 – 10 %
Emissivity ≥ 90 %
Metal Roof
Reflectance ≥ 90 %
Emissivity ≥ 15 – 22 %
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Cool solutions for cooler interiors
Cool Reflective Roof Coatings (CRRCs)
CRRCs result in
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Substantial increase in reflected radiation
compared to uncoated membranes
High emissivity
Effective reduction in indoor temperatures –
especially in hot climates
Energy savings & reduction of CO2 emissions
Prolonged lifetime of the roof
How do we know?
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Long-term Experience with CRRCs
It all started with the ‘Bird House Test’ in 1981
The „Bird House Test” – White model buildings were made with a black roof and a white roof, then
exposed to the sun to compare heat development. Outside conditions: 29.4°C and sunny
Inside Thermometer
Inside Thermometer
Black Roof
Outside roof temperature
Inside temperature
57.2°C
43.3°C
White Roof
43.3°C
36.1°C
Cool roofs keep temperature down in attic areas and upper rooms
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Long-term Experience in CRRCs
One-year Scientific Study – Mississippi, 1985
3 houses
Control building
Roof with reflective roof coating
Well insulated building
Energy saving found
White roof: -22%, 2.1y pay back
Insulation: -29%, 3.1y pay back
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Long-term Experience in CRRCs
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Scientific Study Philadelphia
2001–2003
375 citizen households, mainly row houses
90% fitted with CRRC, 66% with insulation
Household with CRRCs and air-conditioning:
energy consumption dropped by 30%
Households with CRRC only: inside
temperature reduced by 2-3°C
in average
Lower energy consumption
Reduced mortality due to
lower ceiling temperature
Continuous energy saving
programs sponsored by Dow
Findings from studies
in other locations
 Less energy consumption
 Most effective in hot climate
 Development of mathematical models
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Cool solutions for cooler interiors
Cool Reflective Roof Coatings (CRRCs)
All key properties of CRRCs are largely
determined by the binder performance
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Cool Reflective Roof Coatings (CRRCs)
Key Properties
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High elongation while maintaining good tensile strength
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Has to be flexible enough to move as the roof systems moves
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Yet has to be tough enough to walk on
Excellent adhesion in dry and wet conditions
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Excellent long-term dirt pickup resistance
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Maintaining solar reflectivity  longer-term energy savings
Excellent water resistance properties
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Varied geographies means extremes in heat, cold, wet & dry
Temperature: -15C to +80C
Direct sun; water, ice, snow; dirt; foot traffic; equipment, tools
Water swelling, blistering, and ponding water resistance
High UV resistance
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Key Properties
PRIMAL™ EC-1791 E
Contributes to good flexibility even at low temperatures
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Key Properties
PRIMAL™ EC-1791 E
Supports long-term durability
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Typical Formulation for CRRCs
Parts (w/w)
4…
Pigment
9%
25 … 40%
Filler
38 … 52%
Binder (wet, 55% solids)
Additives such as dispersants,
synthetic thickeners etc.
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Conclusion
Cool Reflective Roof Coatings (CRRCs)
Reduces temperatures in buildings
• Thermal comfort
• Reduced energy
consumption for cooling
• Increased lifetime of a roof
• Decreased CO2 emissions
Dow offers tailored
binders for CRRCs
• Different substrates
• New technologies for
quick setting
• Improved properties
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Polymer/Roof Material Combinations
TM
Substrate
PRIMAL
EC-1791 E
QSE
BUR
(melt asphalt plus fabric)
X
TM
PRIMAL
RS-298
TM
LIPACRYL
MB-3640
X
Fresh modified
bitumen
TM
PRIMAL
EC-2885
X
X
PU foam
X
X
X
Single ply membrane
X
X
X
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Overview – Acrylic Emulsion Polymers
for Cool Reflective Roof Coatings (CRRC)
Product
Characteristics
Tg [C°]*
Solids [%]*
Properties/behavior of end-product
55.0
Pure acrylic polymer with outstanding adhesion to
polyurethane foams and galvanized sheets, high flexibility
(high crack resistance) and good resistance to ponded
water and excellent dirt pick-up resistance.
- 40
51.0
Pure acrylic polymer with Quick Set technology for fast curing of
the polymer even at low temperatures and high humidity.
Outstanding adhesion to polyurethane foams and galvanized
sheets, high flexibility (high crack resistance) and good
resistance to ponded water and excellent dirt pick-up resistance.
Pure acrylic
polymer, APEO
free
- 31
55.0
Pure acrylic hydrophobic polymer with excellent water ponding
and dirt pick-up resistance. Recommended for asphaltic,
concrete, PU foam and metal substrates.
PRIMAL™
EC-2885
Pure acrylic
polymer, APEO
free
- 35
55.0
Pure acrylic polymer with outstanding durability and low
temperature flexibility. Excellent long-term dirt pick-up resistance
and outstanding adhesion to many roofing substrates.
LIPACRYL™
MB-3640
Pure acrylic
polymer, APEO
free
- 15
55.0
Pure acrylic polymer with outstanding adhesion to fresh asphaltic
our bituminous substrates excellent resistance to ponded water
and excellent dirt pick-up resistance.
PRIMAL™
EC-1791E
Pure acrylic
polymer, APEO
free
PRIMAL™
EC-1791QSE
Pure acrylic
polymer, APEO
free
PRIMAL™
RS-295
- 40
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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Overview – Synthetic Thickeners
for Cool Reflective Roof Coatings (CRRC)
Product
Characteristics
Solids [%]*
Properties/behavior of end-product
ACRYSOL™
RM-2020 E
Associative
HEUR thickener,
non-ionic
20.0
Water-based newtonian urethane thickener with excellent water
and alkali resistance.
ACRYSOL™
RM-5000
Associative
HEUR thickener,
non-ionic
18.5
Water-based newtonian urethane thickener with a high
thickening efficiency.
ACRYSOL™
RM-8W
Associative
HEUR thickener,
non-ionic
21.5
Water-based pseudoplastic urethane thickener with excellent
water and alkali resistance.
ACRYSOL™
RM-12W
Associative
HEUR thickener,
non-ionic
19.0
Water-based strong pseudoplastic urethane thickener.
ACRYSOL™ SCT275
Associative
HEUR thickener,
non-ionic
17.5
Urethane thickener with excellent water and alkali resistance
and excellent low and medium shear rate viscosity (medium
pseudoplasticity). Contains 21% Butylcarbitol.
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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Overview – Dispersants
for Cool Reflective Roof Coatings (CRRC)
Product
Characteristics
Solids [%]*
Properties/behavior of end-product
OROTAN™ N4045
Polyacid, sodium
salt
45.0
Highly efficient dispersant for flat to semi-gloss coatings with
low foam generation. Recommended for use with ACRYSOL™
ASE, HASE and DR grades.
OROTAN™
731 A ER
Hydrophobic
copolymer,
sodium salt
25.0
Extremly versatile highly efficient dispersant for flat to glossy
coatings. Recommended for use with ACRYSOL™ HEUR RM
grades.
OROTAN™
731 DP
Hydrophobic
copolymer,
sodium salt
93.0
Solid version of OROTAN™ 731 A ER
OROTAN™
165
Hydrophobic
copolymer,
ammonium salt
21.5
High performance dispersant for flat to glossy coatings with
excellent water resistance. Recommended for use with
ACRYSOL™ HEUR RM grades.
OROTAN™ 681
Hydrophobic
copolymer,
ammonium salt
35.0
High performance dispersant for flat to glossy coatings with
excellent gloss development. Recommended for use with
ACRYSOL™ HEUR RM grades.
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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PRIMAL™ EC-1791 E
Pure acrylic especially for PU foam
Latex properties*
Composition
Solids
pH
Viscosity
Tg
Particle size
Stabilization
pure acrylic
55.0 %
9.0 – 10.0
< 400 mPa.s
– 40°C
350 nm
anionic
Features
• Outstanding exterior durability and
UV resistance
• Long lasting, low temperature flexibility
for high crack resistance to lengthen
the life of the buildings
• High resistance to dirt pick-up for
long term reflectivity
• Very good adhesion to difficult substrates
(i.e. galvanized sheets, polyurethane
foams)
• Very good resistance to
transmission of ponded water
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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PRIMAL™ EC-1791 QSE
Pure acrylic especially for PU foam with Quick-Set™ Technology
Latex properties*
Composition
Solids
pH
Viscosity
Tg
Particle size
Stabilization
pure acrylic
51.0 %
9.0 – 10.0
< 400 mPa.s
– 40°C
350 nm
anionic
Features
• Early (light) rain resistance
• Outstanding exterior durability and
UV resistance
• Long lasting, low temperature flexibility
for high crack resistance to lengthen
the life of the buildings
• High resistance to dirt pick-up for
long term reflectivity
• Very good adhesion to difficult
substrates (i.e. galvanized sheets,
polyurethane foams)
• Very good resistance to transmission
of ponded water
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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PRIMAL™ RS-295
Hydrophobe pure acrylic with excellent ponding water resistance
Latex properties*
Composition
Solids
pH
Viscosity
Tg
Stabilization
pure acrylic
54.0 … 55.5 %
8…9
< 400 mPa.s
– 31°C
anionic
Features
• Outstanding exterior durability and
UV resistance
• Long lasting, low temperature
flexibility for high crack resistance
• High resistance to dirt pick-up for
long term reflectivity
• Excellent resistance to transmission
of ponded water
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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PRIMAL™ EC-2885
Pure acrylic with high elongation
Latex properties*
Composition
Solids
pH
Viscosity
Tg
Stabilization
pure acrylic
55.0 %
7.2 – 8. 0
< 140 mPa.s
– 35°C
anionic
Features
• Outstanding exterior durability and
UV resistance
• Long lasting, low temperature flexibility
for high crack resistance to lengthen the
life of the buildings
• High resistance to dirt pick-up for long
term reflectivity
• Very good adhesion to difficult
substrates (i.e. galvanized sheets,
polyurethane foams)
• Very good resistance to transmission
of ponded water
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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LIPACRYL™ MB-3640
Pure acrylic for modified bitumenous substrates
Latex properties*
 Composition
 Solids
 pH
 Viscosity
 Tg
pure acrylic
55.0 %
7.0
< 400 mPa.s
– 15°C
Features
 Excellent resistance to blistering under
extended ponded water conditions.
 Excellent adhesion to asphaltic roofing
substrates including new and aged builtup asphalt and modified bitumen.
 A barrier to ultraviolet light which prevents
degradation of the roofing substrate.
 Resistance to asphalt staining
("bleed through" resistance).
*) Please note that the values shown are typical values for your guidance. They are not to be taken as
specifications and are subject to certain variability. Please consult the sales specifications for details.
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