AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
Part IV: The Early Modern Period
New Faith and New Commerce
1450 C.E. – 1750 C.E.
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
Introduction: Chapter introductions are a valuable guide to the material you are about to read, telling you
what topics will be covered and how they fit together. If you keep the “big picture” provided by the introduction
in mind as you read the chapter, you will find it much easier to organize your notes, identify important
information, and avoid getting lost in the details. With this in mind, re-read the introduction to Chapter 16. As
you read, make a list of the key topics you expect to learn about.
Key Topics:
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
1. The West’s First Outreach: Maritime Power As you read this section in your textbook, use the
table below to take notes on the early expansion efforts of Portugal, Spain, England, and the Netherlands
Western Maritime Expansion
Portugal
 1434 – Portugal
moves south down the
coast of Africa
Spain
England
The Netherlands
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
2. The West’s First Outreach: Maritime Power As you read this section in your textbook, complete
the following flowchart to identify causes and effects of European exploration
Focus Question: How did the search for spices lead to global exploration?
Reasons to Explore
Portugal Leads
Columbus Sails West
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Using the information in your flowchart, write a brief answer to the Focus Question.
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
3. Towards a World Economy As you read this section in your textbook, complete the following concept
New World
Economy
web below to describe key elements in the emergence of a new world economy in the 16th and 17th centuries
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
4. Towards a World Economy As you read this section in your textbook, complete the following
flowchart to record the sequence of events that led to the Columbian Exchange, as well as the effects
Causes

Columbian Exchange
Effects
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Age of Exploration begins
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
5. Colonial Expansion As you read this section in your textbook, use the table below to compare and
contrast European expansion in the Americas, Africa, and Asia
The Americas
Africa
Asia
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AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
6. Colonial Expansion As you read this section in your textbook, complete the flowchart below to identify
causes and effects of European exploration in Africa and Asia.
Focus Question: How did European nations build empires in Africa and Asia?
Portugal
Netherlands
Spain
Britain
Using the information in your flowchart, write a brief answer to the Focus Question.
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
Short Answer Section: After reading and studying the chapter, review your understanding by answering
each of the following questions, which emphasize important ideas within the chapter.
1. Describe the technological innovations the made the global domination of the West possible.
2. Trace the early exploration of the world by the West.
3. Define the Colombian Exchange.
AP World Chapter 16 Homework
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
4. Compare British and French North America with other European colonies.
5. Evaluate the results of the creation of a world economy.
KEY TERMS
Vasco Da Gama: Portuguese mariner; first European to reach India by sea in 1498.
Christopher Columbus: Italian navigator in the service of Aragon and Castile; sailed west to find a route to India and
instead came upon the Americas in 1492.
Ferdinand Magellan: Portuguese captain in Spanish service; began the first circumnavigation of the globe in 1519; died
during voyage; allowed Spain to claim possession of the Philippines.
East India Companies: British, French, and Dutch trading companies that obtained government monopolies of trade to
India and Asia; acted independently in their regions.
World economy: created by Europeans during the late 16th century; based on control of the seas; established an
international exchange of foods, diseases, and manufactured products.
Columbian Exchange: interaction between Europe and the Americas; millions of native Americans died from the entry
of new diseases; New World crops spread to other world regions; European and Asian animals came to the Americas.
Lepanto: naval battle between Spain and the Ottoman Empire resulting in Spanish victory in 1571; demonstrated
European naval superiority over Muslims.
Core nations: nations, usually European, that profited from the world economy; controlled international banking and
commercial services; exported manufactured goods and imported raw materials.
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Chapter 16: The World Economy
Mercantilism: the colonial economic policy, by which a colonizing nation must import only from its own colonies, but
sell exports as widely as possible.
Dependent economic zones: regions within the world economy that produced raw materials; dependent upon European
markets and shipping; tendency to build systems based on forced and cheap labor.
Mestizos: people of mixed European and Native American heritage.
Vasco de Balboa: (1475?–1517), Spanish adventurer; explored Central America.
Francisco Pizarro (1478–1541); Spanish explorer; arrived in the Americas in 1502; joined Balboa in Panama, then
successfully attacked the Inca Empire.
New France: French colonies in Canada and elsewhere; extended along St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes and down
Mississippi River valley system.
Atlantic colonies: British colonies in North America along Atlantic coast from New England to Georgia.
Treaty of Paris: concluded in 1763 following the Seven Years’ War; Britain gained New France and ended France’s
importance in India.
Cape Colony: Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 to provide a coastal station for Dutch ships
traveling to and from Asia; settlers expanded and fought with Bantu and other Africans.
Boers: Dutch and other European settlers in Cape Colony before 19th-century British occupation; later called
Afrikaners.
Calcutta: British East India Company headquarters in Bengal; captured in 1756 by Indians; later became administrative
center for populous Bengal.
Seven Years’ War: fought in Europe, Africa, and Asia between 1756 and 1763; the first worldwide war.