Name
Date
1a. DEFINE What is a compound that changes color in an acid called?
metal
indicator
carbonate
b. EXPLAIN Why are acids described as corrosive?
2a. REVIEW The properties of bases are often considered (identical/ opposite) to acids.
b. APPLY CONCEPTS In what products are you most likely to find bases in your home?
3. When found in foods, what does an acid taste like? _____________________________________
4. When found in foods, what does a base taste like?______________________________________
5. What color does an acid turn litmus paper? ____________________________________
6. What color does a base turn litmus paper?_____________________________________
7. What is neutralization?
8. Define: corrosive: _______________________________________________________________
9. Define: indicator: _______________________________________________________________
10. Which of the following is NOT a
11. Because it wears away certain
property of an acid?
materials, an acid is described as
A An acid is corrosive.
A concentrated
B An acid turns red litmus paper blue.
B contaminated
C An acid reacts with metals and carbonates.
C corrosive
D An acid tastes sour.
D carbonated
12. Which of the following best describes
bases?
A They feel slippery and taste sour.
B They turn red litmus paper blue and react
with metals.
C They taste bitter and react with
carbonates.
D They turn red litmus paper blue and taste
bitter.
13. Which of the following best describes
acids?
A They taste sour and react with metals.
B They taste bitter and react with
carbonates.
C They feel slippery and turn blue litmus
paper red.
D They react with metals but not with
carbonates.
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
14. A compound that changes color when it comes into contact with an acid or a base is a(n)
15. A base
.
react with carbonates.
16. If carbon dioxide gas is produced when dilute acid is applied to a rock’s surface, the rock is most
likely made of
.
17. Because vinegar contains a(n)
, it tastes sour.
18. Many soaps and detergents contain
.
19. The acid in the human stomach that aids in digestion is
acid.
20. IDENTIFY What type of solution has a pH of 7?
a. acidic
b. basic
c. neutral
21. Solution A has a pH of 1.6. Solution B has a pH of 4. Which solution has a greater concentration of
hydrogen ions? Explain.
22. Is the pH of an acid-base neutralization always 7? Why or why not? _________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
0 1
2 3
4
5
6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14
Substances with a pH
in this range are
23.
.
Substances with a pH
in this range are
24.
.
In water, they form
25.
In water, they form
26.
ions.
ions.
27. What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid? ___________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
28. What is the difference between a strong base and a weak base? __________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
29. Which solution has a greater concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), a solution with a pH of 3 or one
with a pH of 7? Explain. ___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
30. What are the products formed when a base reacts with an acid? __________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
31. What is the pH of a neutral solution? ________________________________________________
Building Vocabulary
Match each term with its definition by writing the letter of the correct definition in the
right column on the line beside the term in the left column.
32.
hydrogen ion
33.
pH scale
34.
neutralization
35.
salt
36.
hydroxide ion
a. ionic compound that can form from the
reaction of an acid with a base
b. reaction between an acid and a base
c. H+
d. series of numbers that indicates the
concentration of hydrogen ions in solution
e. OH–
37. A solution with a pH of 2 is
acidic than a solution with a pH of 6.
38. Chemists use the
of hydrogen ions in solution.
39. An acid produces
to express the concentration
ions in water.
40. Substances with pH values close to 14 are strong
.
41. A strip of blue litmus paper placed in a beaker of vinegar will turn ___________________.
42. A base produces ______ ions in water
43. __ Which of the following substances is
most likely to have a pH close to 7?
A lemon
B antacid
C ammonia
D vinegar
44.
A
B
C
D
The negative ion found in bases is the
hydroxide ion
hydrogen ion
carbonate ion
water ion
45.
Which of the following statements
is NOT true about neutralization?
A An acid and a base are the reactants.
B A salt and water are the products.
C There is no color change in litmus
paper when the reaction is over.
D It produces an acid-base mixture that
is more acidic than both the individual
starting solutions.
Describing Acids and Bases
Answer Key
1. lemon juice, orange juice, vinegar
2. ammonia cleaner, soap solution, baking soda
solution
3. tap water, table salt solution
4. No, different substances turned the litmus
paper different shades of red or blue. This
means that, there is a scale, and that
substances can be less or more acid or less
or more base.
1. sour
2. bitter
3. An acid is corrosive to magnesium, zinc,
and iron. It wears them away and produces
bubbles of hydrogen gas. A base does not
react with metals.
4. An acid in contact with carbonate ions
produces carbon dioxide. A base does not
react with carbonate ions.
5. red
Acids and bases are compounds with specific
properties. An acid reacts with metals and
carbonates, tastes sour, and turns blue litmus
paper red. An acid is corrosive, meaning it reacts
with certain metals to wear them away. Acids
also react with carbonates to form the gas carbon
dioxide. The properties of bases are sometimes
described as being the “opposite” of those of
acids. A base tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns
red litmus paper blue. Bases do not react with
metals or with carbonates. They do react with
acids in a chemical reaction called neutralization.
6. blue
or a process for making paper without the
chemical alum could be developed.
7. Neutralization is a chemical reaction in which
acids and bases are added together and
deactivate one another.
8. Corrosive describes a substance that can wear
away certain materials.
9. An indicator is a substance that turns different
colors in an acid or a base.
1. Linen paper is less acidic than wood-based
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. indicator
6. does not
7. limestone
8. acid
9. bases
papers. Linen paper lasts much longer.
2. Answers will vary. Sample: Placing a book in
a liquid solution would be much like soaking
the book in water. The pages would become
rippled, the ink might run, and the binding
could be ruined.
3. Basic paper would not become brittle and fall
apart as acidic paper does. In addition, the
base in the paper would react with any acid the
paper might come into contact with.
4. Answers will vary: Samples: A base might be
added after the stage in which alum is used,
217G
10. hydrochloric
217H