Carlos Mora
116
1. B.
Cells, or organisms in general, are not a closed system since molecules and ions are constantly
diffusing in and out of the cell. Due to this the chemical reactions in the cell are not at
equilibrium.
2. C.
The delta G value of the reaction is negative therefore it is spontaneous and favorable. With a
negative delta G value there is a release of energy which increases the entropy of the
environment since there is a release of non-reusable energy.
3. A.
The reaction cannot progress due to the lack of an enzyme which provides it with the activation
energy that allows the energy to progress. Without this the reaction cannot go into completion.
4. C.
The delta G value does not change if an enzyme is added. Only the activation energy, heat of the
reaction and required energy are affected.
5. A.
A competitive inhibitor becomes less functional when high amounts of substrate are added to
the reaction. This is because the non-competitive inhibitors disable the enzyme if they reach the
enzyme before the substrate; the substrate is still allowed to bind to the enzyme, but no
products are produced. Competitive inhibitors, on the other hand, take the place of the
substrate and does not allow for substrate binding, so if there are more substrate, there is a
higher chance it will get to the enzyme faster than the enzyme and allow for the reaction to take
place.
6. B.
The example provided is allosteric regulation because it says that AMP binds to a site other than
the active site, which could refer to the allosteric site. If this were the case, then it means that
the AMP binds to said site which keeps it in its active state which helps the substrate when it
binds to the active enzyme.
7. B.
Although it is true that the energy given off by organism increases the entropy of the Universe,
organisms do not produce said energy. This energy comes from the sun and the energy is cycled
through a food web.