Solved Assignment
Bachelor
English
Code 1424
Autumn 2018
Written by Daniyal Iqbal
Present by Studio 9 (AIOU)
Compulsory English – II (1424)
Level: Bachelor
Semester, Autumn,2018
Total Marks: 100
Provided by Youtube Channel Studio 9
Assignment No. 1
(Unit 1-4)
Q.1
Change the following informal sentences into formal sentences. Unit 1 of your textbook gives
you some traits of the formal and informal writing.
(15)
Example:
When did you reach your destination?
1.
Ajmal needs to think about his decision.
a.
Ajmal wants to think about his decision.
2.
Sana can get in touch with her mother if she likes.
a.
Sana can contact her mother if she likes.
3.
They cannot dare go against him.
a.
They cannot courage go against him
4.
Oscar started freaking out about the test.
a.
Oscar became anxious out about the test.
5.
When the cops arrived, the crook ran outside.
a.
When the police arrived the crook ran outside.
6.
He pointed out towards the car.
a.
He indicated towards the car
7.
The soda bottle blew up like a bomb fixed in it.
a.
The soda bottle explodes like a bomb fixed in it.
8.
She found out the cause of her disease.
a.
She found out the reason of her disease.
9.
The song was awesome
a.
The song was wonderful.
10.
We have set up our business in Malaysia.
a.
We have started our business in Malaysia.
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Q.2
Define and exemplify the follwing types of writing.

(15)
Expository:
Define:
Expository writing is writing that has a purpose of explaining, informing, or describing. In
other words, expository writing is about providing information to the reader about a particular topic or
subject. The purpose of expository writing differs from creative writing or persuasive writing. The
purpose is merely to inform-to provide information.
Expository Example:
This morning at 9am, a school bus collided with a car at the intersection of Jones and Heard streets.
There were no injuries on the school bus, but medical personnel performed checks on each student and
the driver before those students were transported to their schools. The driver of the car sustained slight,
non-life-threatening injuries. He was transported to the local hospital. The accident is still under
investigation at this time.
Advances in science and technology have made the use of “green” energy possible. In places where
climate conditions permit, people are able to use solar energy or wind energy for power. Solar energy is
the use of sunlight for energy and power. Humans are able to harness the energy of the sun by installing
solar panels on their homes or businesses. Humans have also found ways to harness the power of the
wind by using wind turbines to capture wind energy. Both of these forms of “green” energy are being
used more and more.
The school science fair was a success again this year! We had 15 teams participating, and they all had
amazing projects. Each team consisted of two students who designed a science experiment to test a
hypothesis, created a display of their experiment and results, and presented their display to the judges.
The winners this year are Sarah Jones and Mark Gordon, who hypothesized that students get into less
trouble in the classroom on days when it is sunny outside. The judges were very impressed with their
data collection methods, which included asking teachers to share information on how many students
earned stars at the end of each day. They correlated this information with their own data about the
weather-sunny, cloudy, or rainy.

Narrative
Define: Narrative is writing that tells a story. It has a sequence of events, the plot. Narratives also have
characters and a setting, as well as a narrator or person from whose point of view the story is told.
Narrative Example:
When your friend tells a story about seeing a deer on the way to school, he or she is using characteristics
of a narrative.
Fairy tales are narratives. The plot typically begin with “Once upon a time ...” and end with “happily ever
after.”
Novels that you read are narratives. For example the Harry Potter series is a set of books that relate the
story of Harry’s education as a wizard at Hogwarts, and his fight against the evil Voldemort.
Another novel, Charlotte’s Web, tells the story of how a young pig’s life is saved by a spider who writes
words about him in her web.
Plays also have narrative plots. For example, Romeo and Juliet tells the story of two young lovers whose
families’ hatred of each other leads to their untimely deaths.
Another play, Macbeth, tells the story of the ambitious Macbeth and his wife, who plot to kill the king,
and then instead of gaining power, their plot is found out.
Sometimes, poetry can be narrative. For example, “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe tells the story of a
man whose young wife died, but he goes and sits in her tomb to be near her.

Argumentative
Define: In an argumentative essay, the writer is taking a position, or a “side,” related to a topic about
which opinions could vary. The position of the writer is established in the thesis statement. Then the
essay presents reasons, evidence, and examples that support the writer’s position.
Sometimes, the argumentative essay will also include a counter-argument. The writer will point out that
some people disagree with him for a specific reason. Then, he will present evidence to refute that
reason.
Argumentative Examples:
1. High school students should be required to do community service.




Helps students to become well-rounded citizens.
A way for students to give back to their communities.
Looks good on college applications.
Counter-argument-some might claim that students should spend more time studying or
participating in extra-curricular activities, but there are ways to serve the community that do
not take much time, like taking canned goods to a food bank or helping once a year at a back to
school supply drive.
2. Wild animals should not be bred in captivity.




Animals do not thrive long-term in captivity.
Places like zoos and animal-themed amusement parks should focus on housing animals that are
too sick or injured to survive in the wild.
No man-made habitat can mirror what animals have in the wild.
Counter-argument-places that breed animals in captivity help to educate the public on wild
animal species. However, there are plenty of animals who are sick or injured that these places
could house, and the general public could learn from these animals.
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Q3.
In Unit 3 you have learnt about “Classification” Classification is a technique in which a writer
arragnes or categorizes people, places, objects, and ideas into classes or group. Given below is a list of
nouns. Classify them as common, proper, abstract and collective nouns. (05)
Army
Cattle
Sugar
Stars
Moon
Mosque Students Phone
Love
Ali
Football Major
Address Pershawar Pen
Pillow
Angry
Water
Chairs
mathematics
Answer:Common Nouns:-
Moon, Football, Major, Cattle, Mosque, Phone, Address, Pen, Water, Pillow
Proper Noun:-
Ali, Peshawar, Mathematics.
Abstract Noun:-
Love, Angry
Collective Noun:-
Army, Sugar, Stars, Chairs, Students.
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Q4.
In Unit 2 Section A of your textbook you have learnt how to use questions tags for seeking
confirmation. Fill in the following blanks adding appropriate Question Tags. Notice carefully whether the
statement is positive or negative. Follow the example. (15)
Humans, unlike many other animals, are omnivores. We require both vegetable matter and meat to be
fully healthy (although some humans manage to survive reasonably healthily whilst consuming no
animal products at all, finding their protein mainly in nuts and seeds). To carry out its many complicated
functions, the human body requires different chemicals and substances. All of the nutrition we take in
can be put in one of seven categories. These are; carbohydrates, proteins, fibre, minerals, vitamins, fats
and water. Carbohydrates provide the body with energy. Proteins allow the body to repair itself and
grow. Fibre aids the digestive system. Minerals and vitamins are required for many reasons. Deficiencies
in any vitamin or mineral can lead to illnesses. Vitamins are essential for normal growth and
development. Fats are often unnecessary, and many are bad for you. The body does not need to take in
most fats, but the fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 are necessary.The body is around 70% water. If
water is not consumed, the body will . The body loses water in excretion, sweating and breathing. It is
advised that you should have a balanced diet, taking in food from each of the food groups, in
proportion.
Questions:
i.
a.
What are omnivores?
An animal or person that eats a variety of food of both plant and animal origin. Humans are
omnivores.
ii.
a.
What does a human body require to carry out its functions?
Human body requires different chemicals and substan ces to carry out its functions.
iii.
a.
In how many categories can nutrition be divided into?
The seven major classes of nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, dietary fiber, minerals, protein,
vitamin, and water!
iv.
a.
What will happen if we don’t drink water?
Increased dehydration can cause notable drops in energy, mood, skin moisture, and blood
pressure, as well as signs of cognitive impairment. A dehydrated brain works harder to
accomplish the same amount as a normal brain, and it even temporarily shrinks because of its
lack of water.
v.
a.
What is the percentage of water in human body?
Up to 60% of the human adult body is water. According to H.H. Mitchell, Journal of Biological
Chemistry 158, the brain and heart are composed of 73% water, and the lungs are about 83%
water. The skin contains 64% water, muscles and kidneys are 79%, and even the bones are
watery: 31%.
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Q5.
AIOU ne galti se Question 5 ko 6 ka number de diya hai.
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Q6.
In Unit 4 you have learnt about cause and effect writing. Complete the following sentences
giving effects of every cause mentioned, using the words given in the table.
(10)
Thus
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
So
Therefore
As a result
Consequently
They couldn’t stand her therefore she went back.
Faria worked hard on her homework thus teacher happy with her.
Lightning struck a tree consequently a large area is affected.
She came home late so that she was busy with her friends.
We forget to put gas in the car as a result we get late.
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Q.7
Write down two possible causes for each of the following effects. Follow the example. Road Unit
4 for further guidance. (16)
Example:
Effect: He failed the exam. Why?
Cause 1:
He was not feeling well during exam.
Cause 2:
He didn’t study hard.
1
a.
Question
Cause 1
Cause 2
Roads are blocked. Why?
Someone parked his car in centre of road.
Due to high rainfall.
2.
a.
Question
Cause 1
Cause 2
Number of children suffering from polio is decreasing. Why?
Polio awareness has increased.
Polio teams are going door to door to make sure chi ldren are getting polio drops.
3.
a.
Question
Cause 1
Cause 2
He died last week. Why?
He had a terrible accident.
He was suffereing from a cancer.
4.
a.
Question
Cause 1
Cause 2
His best friend left him. Why?
He was showing great attitude to him.
He was not sincere to his friend.
5.
a.
Question
Cause 1
Cause 2
It is going to rain today. Why?
Weather forecast indicates.
It is thundering and lightening.
6.
a.
Question
Cause 1
Cause 2
He has lose in business. Why?
All because of his carelessness.
He don’t know how to manage business.
7.
a.
Question
Cause 1
Cause 2
Aisha Failed the interview. Why?
She was not prepared.
She lose her confidence.
8.
Question
I broke my cell phone. Why?
Cause 1
It was not working properly.
Cause 2
It was already broken a little.
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Q.8
Write a classification essay of around 200 words on any one of the following topics:



(14)
Fruits and nutrition
Study discipline
Sea animals
Fruits and nutrition
Nutrition is the relationship of foods to the health of the human body. Proper nutrition means that you
are receiving enough foods and supplements for the body to function at optimal capacity. It is important
to remember that no single nutrient or activity can maintain optimal health and wellbeing, although it
has been proven that some nutrients are more important than others. All the nutrients are necessary in
different amounts along with exercise to maintain proper health. There are six main types of nutrients
used to maintain body health. They are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
They all must be in balance for the body to function properly. There are also five major food groups. The
groups are fats and oils, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, grains, and meats.
Exercise is also an important part of nutrition. Exercise helps tone and maintain muscle tissue and
ensure that the body’s organs stay in good condition. Healthy eating without exercise will not result in
good nutrition and a healthy body – neither will exercise without nutrition. The most important thing
about exercise is that it be practiced regularly and that it be practiced in accompainment with a healthy
diet.
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Q.9
Write are sure you have read how to skim a text in order to obtain the gist orr general idea of
the text. Read the text given below and answer the questions given at the end.
(10)
Most of the time, when we see a dog wagging its tail, it is friendly and wants to be petted. However, this
is not always true. A wagging tail only shows us that the dog is excited, not that it is happy. A tail that
that is high like a flag and wagging means that the dog is showing you that is boos. You wouldn’t want
to pet that dog. A dog that is holding its tail down low and moving it in short wags may be afraid. A
scared dog might try to protect itself from danger and it might think that you are danger. It is best not to
try to pet this dog either. A dog whose tail is about halfway up, and wagging, is a dog that may be okay
to pet. Make sure you check with the owner first to see if it is okey.
i.
What is the article about?
a.
The article about dog tail wag that perhaps the most common misinterpretation of dogs is the
myth that a dog wagging its tail is happy and friendly. While some wags are indeed associated with
happiness, others can mean fear, insecurity, a social challenge or even a warning that if you approach,
you are apt to be bitten.
ii.
Who will be the possible readers of the article?
a.
The possible readers of the article is dog lover or owner of a dog.
iii.
Write down the gist of the article in two lines.
a.
The most common misinterpretation of dogs is the myth that a dog wagging its tail is happy and
friendly. While wags are associated with happiness, others can mean fear, insecurity, a social challenge
or even a warning that if you approach, you are apt to be bitten.
iv.
suggest a suitable title for the article.
a.
Why Do Dogs Wag Their Tails?
v.
What message did you get from it?
a.
dog wag mean maybe fear, insecurity, a social challenge or even a warning that if you approach,
you are apt to be bitten.
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