QUALITY MANAGEMENT TOOLS
BASIC SEVEN Q.M.
TOOLS
SEVEN NEW Q. M.
TOOLS
 Flow charts
 Affinity Diagrams
 Run charts
 Interrelationship Diagrams
 Histogram
 Tree Diagrams
 Pareto Diagrams
 Matrix Diagrams
 Cause and Effect Diagrams
 Matrix Data Analysis
 Scatter Diagrams
 Process Decision Program Charts
 Control charts
 Arrow Diagrams
RELATIONS TO “OLD” TOOLS
SIMILARITIES
DIFFERENCES
Both are graphics
rather than language
based
 New tools are more
relational and network
oriented
 New tools may take more
practice
to
develop
proficiency
 Whole
first,
then
elements analyzed
 Universal understanding
(pictures)
SUMMARIZING REMARKS
The Seven New Tools:
 Display information in intuitively helpful ways
 Structure group work and discussion
 Promote non-linear thinking
 Can become quite sophisticated
 Can be used with the “old” tools
PROCESS DECISION PROGRAMME CHART
USE PDPC WHEN
 You’re about to enact a new process.
 You’re delivering a large and complex project.
 The cost of the process failing is high.
 Before implementing a plan, especially when the plan is large and complex.
 When the plan must be completed on schedule.
 When the price of failure is high.
 Outline the steps involved in completing a process or project.
 Anticipate any problems that might arise in each step.
 Map out appropriate contingency plans to limit risks.
PDPC PROCEDURE
 Obtain or develop a tree diagram
of the proposed plan
 For each task on the third level,
brainstorm what could go wrong
 Review all the potential problems
and eliminate any that are
improbable
or
whose
consequences
would
be
insignificant
 For each potential problem,
brainstorm
possible
countermeasures
 Decide how practical
each
countermeasure is
PDPC PROCEDURE CONT’D
PDPC PROCEDURE CONT’D
QUESTIONS FOR IDENTIFYING PROBLEMS
 What inputs must be present? Are there any undesirable inputs linked to the good
inputs?
 What outputs are we expecting? Might others happen as well?
 What is this supposed to do? Is there something else that it might do instead or in
addition?
 Does this depend on actions, conditions or events? Are these controllable or
uncontrollable?
 What cannot be changed or is inflexible?
 Have we allowed any margin for error?
 What assumptions are we making that could turn out to be wrong?
 What has been our experience in similar situations in the past?
 How is this different from before?
 If we wanted this to fail, how could we accomplish that?
PDPC EXAMPLE