A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL RAMP & SERVICING COURSE - M02 (RR Trent 900) ATA 24 Electrical Power This document must be used for training purposes only
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ATA 24 ELECTRICAL POWER
LAY08521 - L1502T0
Electrical Power System Introduction (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Electrical System Philosophy Presentation (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Electrical Power System Maintenance (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
VFG - Oil Servicing Description (RR) (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
RAMP & SERVICING COURSE - M02 (RR Trent 900) ATA 24 Electrical Power
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Jan 13, 2009
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
General
The electrical system generates and distributes electrical power to aircraft
systems and can be split into two parts:
- the electrical generation system,
- the electrical distribution system.
Electrical Generation
The electrical generation is split in four subsystems, which are:
- the Alternating Current (AC) normal generation,
- the Direct Current (DC) generation,
- the APU starting system,
- the AC emergency generation and STATic INVerter,
Electrical Distribution
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The electrical distribution feeds all aircraft electrical users with AC
and DC power through three distribution subsystems:
- the primary distribution,
- the secondary distribution,
- the emergency distribution.
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
GENERAL - ELECTRICAL GENERATION & ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
Electrical Generation
The entire aircraft electrical system is supplied with AC and DC power
sources.
AC Normal Generation
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In normal configuration, the entire AC network can be supplied by
three kinds of power source, which are:
- four Variable Frequency Generators (VFGs),
- or two Auxiliary Power Unit Generators (APU GENs),
- or four Ground Power Units (GPUs).
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL GENERATION - AC NORMAL GENERATION
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
Electrical Generation (continued)
DC Generation
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In normal Configuration, the entire DC network is supplied from the
AC network via:
- three Adapted Back-up Transformer Rectifier Units (ABTRUs),
- and three main BATteries (BATs) used for No Break Power Transfer
(NBPT) reason.
In abnormal configuration, part of the DC network can be supplied
from the AC network via a Transformer Rectifier (TR) as a back-up.
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL GENERATION - DC GENERATION
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
Electrical Generation (continued)
APU Starting System
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The APU needs DC electrical power to start up. The APU starting
system is a DC network dedicated to the APU starting and is supplied
via:
- the APU TR,
- or the APU BAT.
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL GENERATION - APU STARTING SYSTEM
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
Electrical Generation (continued)
AC Emergency Generation and Static Inverter
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In electrical emergency configuration, the supply of the electrical
loads essential for flying is recovered from the electrical Ram Air
Turbine (RAT). When no AC power source is available, part of the
AC network can be supplied by the STAtic INVerter.
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL GENERATION - AC EMERGENCY GENERATION AND STATIC INVERTER
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
Electrical Distribution
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The electrical distribution system allows distribution of AC and DC
power to the various electrical loads according to the availability of the
power sources. It also gives network protection and reconfiguration. The
electrical distribution system is split in 3 subsystems:
- a primary distribution done by the Primary Electrical Power Distribution
Center (PEPDC),
- a secondary distribution done by two Secondary Electrical Power
Distribution Centers (SEPDCs) and eight Secondary Power Distribution
Boxes (SPDBs),
- an emergency distribution done by the Emergency Power Center.
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
Control and Indicating
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The control and indicating of the electrical power system is composed
of:
- an ELECtrical panel located on the overhead panel,
- a BATtery maintenance panel,
- an EMERgency ELECtrical PoWeR panel,
- an AC ELECtrical ECAM page,
- a DC ELECtrical ECAM page.
Note that the C/Bs status is presented on the ECAM C/B page.
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
CONTROL AND INDICATING
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
General
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The basic core functions of the electrical system is:
- to generate electrical power in all aircraft configurations thanks to the
electrical generation system,
- and to distribute this electrical power to the aircraft electrical loads
through the electrical distribution system.
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
GENERAL
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
Electrical Generation
The electrical generation system is split into an Alternating Current (AC)
and a Direct Current (DC) generation.
- a Transformer Rectifier (TR),
- and three Batteries.
Note that DC ESSential and battery generation is also used in electrical
emergency configuration or when no AC power source is available.
The APU starting system has a dedicated TR and a dedicated battery.
AC Generation
The AC generation is divided into a normal and an emergency
electrical generation. It delivers 115 Volts Alternating Current (VAC)
related to either a variable or a fix frequency.
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Variable Frequency:
The variable frequency technology has been chosen to respond to
reliability and weight saving requirements related to the four main
generators called Variable Frequency Generators (VFGs). Note that
the same VFGs can be installed on both engine versions.
The emergency generator is a variable frequency Ram Air Turbine
(RAT) generator.
Note that the variable frequency rectification is done inside each
system when necessary (e.g.: fuel pump)
Fixed Frequency:
The fix frequency generation is set to 400HZ and is provided by:
- up to four Ground Power Units (GPUs) and two APU Generators
(APU GENs) which are part of the AC normal generation,
- the Static Inverter (STAT INV) used when no AC power source is
available.
DC Generation
DC generation delivers 28 Volts Direct Current (VDC). The DC
generation is divided into a normal DC generation and a specific APU
starting system.
The DC generation, split into a DC main and DC ESSential networks,
is made of:
- three Adapted Back-up Transformer Rectifier Units (ABTRUs),
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL GENERATION - AC GENERATION & DC GENERATION
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
Electrical Distribution Layout Principle
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The electrical distribution system is segregated into:
- a main distribution system,
- an emergency distribution system.
In case of total loss of the normal generation, this segregation enables to
keep supplied the electrical loads through the emergency distribution,
which is essential to complete the flight and to get a safe landing.
The main distribution system is composed of two distribution subsystems
in order to segregate the high power loads supply from the low power
loads supply. These two distribution systems are called:
- the primary distribution system,
- the secondary distribution system.
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION LAYOUT PRINCIPLE
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
emergency distribution transfers AC and DC electrical power from
the primary distribution to the essential loads. The essential loads
keep the aircraft critical systems supplied in order to fly and land
safely.
Electrical Distribution Layout Principle (continued)
Primary Distribution
The primary distribution is done by the Primary Electrical Power
Distribution Center (PEPDC). The PEPDC is split into side 1 and side
2 to make a segregated normal electrical supply. The PEPDC contains
the main electrical network components for power distribution,
network management, and the related electrical protective devices. It
manages power transfers from AC and DC generation sources to:
- the secondary distribution system,
- the emergency distribution system,
- the heavy loads of the aircraft.
Notice that the heavy loads are electrical loads consuming more than
15A.
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Secondary Distribution
The secondary distribution is done by two Secondary Electrical Power
Distribution Centers (SEPDCs) (one for side1 and one for side 2) and
eight Secondary Power Distribution Boxes (SPDBs). The SEPDCs
and SPDBs contain electrical protective devices.
Six SPDB's are installed in the cabin and transfer electrical power
from the PEPDC to the cabin commercial loads. The two other SPDB's
are installed in the lower deck and transfer electrical power from
PEPDC to the cabin and cargo commercial loads.
The two SEPDCs transfer electrical power from PEPDC to technical
loads.
Notice that loads powered by the secondary distribution are loads
consuming less than or 15A maximum.
Emergency Distribution
The emergency distribution is done by the Emergency Power Center.
This center contains the emergency electrical network components
for power distribution and the related protective devices. The
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION LAYOUT PRINCIPLE - PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION ... EMERGENCY DISTRIBUTION
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
Electrical Distribution Monitoring and Management
To distribute safely the electrical power, two applications, the Circuit
Breaker Monitoring (CBM) application and the Electrical Load
Management (ELM) application, monitor and manage the entire electrical
distribution network.
These applications are hosted in two CPIOMs dedicated to the electrical
system:
- the CPIOM-E1,
- and the CPIOM-E2.
CBM Application
The CBM application monitors the status of all different protective
devices of the aircraft (except the electrical protective devices installed
in the SPDBs for commercial loads) and sends a status message to
the cockpit when any protective device has tripped. It also gives data
to be displayed on the ECAM C/B page.
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ELM Application
The ELM application makes an optimum use of the electrical loads
within the limit of the available power sources. For that, the ELM
application receives the status of all connected power sources. In case
of an overload, it sheds most of the loads through the main distribution
systems. Electrical loads are reconnected when enough power is
available from the power sources.
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT - CBM APPLICATION & ELM APPLICATION
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION (1)
Power Distribution Maintenance Interface (PDMI)
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The Power Distribution Maintenance Interface (PDMI) allows the
maintenance crew to monitor and control (open, secure, tag and close)
the various remote protective devices installed in the PEPDC, the SEPDC,
the SPDB and the Emergency Power Center. The PDMI functions are
achieved by 2 Power Distribution Maintenance Computers (PDMCs),
which communicate with the electrical distribution systems, and by two
Power Distribution Control System (PDCS) applications hosted in the
Onboard Maintenance System (OMS). These applications receive
information from the active PDMC and can display the status of the
various monitored protective devices on the Onboard Maintenance
Terminal (OMT), On-board Information Terminals (OITs) and Portable
Maintenance Access Terminal (PMAT). In turn, it sends terminals orders
to the PDMCs.
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POWER DISTRIBUTION MAINTENANCE INTERFACE (PDMI)
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1)
Electrical Power System Safety Items
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Here is an overview of main safety precautions relative to the electrical
system. First of all, make sure that you obey all the Aircraft Maintenance
Manual (AMM) safety procedures and precautions to prevent injury to
persons and/or damage to the aircraft.
Due to the high voltage on the electrical system, make sure that the
electrical sources are disconnected and make sure that you ground and
bond the aircraft to avoid electrostatic damage.
Before starting maintenances operations, make sure that all the safety
devices and all the warning notices are put in place. Make sure also that
the working zone is secured.
Related to the aircraft dimensions, certain maintenance tasks will be done
on high working area. Thus, use a harness connected to the dedicated
attachment points on the aircraft for safety reasons.
When you work on a Variable Frequency Generator (VFG), an APU or
any other device, be aware of the hot temperature which can injure you.
Depending on the maintenance task to do and the component's weight,
specific tooling required must be used.
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM SAFETY ITEMS
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1)
Electrical Power System Ground Support Equipments
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The electrical maintenance tasks require some Ground Support
Equipments (GSEs).
The Main GSEs used for the electrical maintenance are:
- The VFG oil servicing tool is used to top up the oil level of the VFG.
- The pulley lift is used to do the battery removal or installation via the
access door located behind the nose landing gear.
- The Ground Power Unit (GPU), with two output plugs, delivering 180
KVA is used to supply two external power plugs.
- The cable holding strap is used to secure the GPU plug to the aircraft.
- The safety pin of the Ram Air Turbine (RAT) is a safety device
necessary to prevent inadvertent deployment of the RAT on ground during
servicing or maintenance.
- Use the RAT ground test tool to check that the turbine works properly.
Refer to the AMM for the tasks. Also, refer to the illustrated Tool and
Equipment Manual (TEM) for the complete list of tools.
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENTS
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VFG - OIL SERVICING DESCRIPTION (RR) (2)
Oil System Description
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The Variable Frequency Generator (VFG) is mounted on the engine
accessory gearbox. For cooling and lubrication, each VFG has an internal
oil circuit with a sump/reservoir, pump and filter. An external Air/Oil
Heat Exchanger cools the oil using fan case air. The system is monitored
by the Flight Warning System (FWS) and Central Maintenance System
(CMS).
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OIL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
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VFG - OIL SERVICING DESCRIPTION (RR) (2)
Oil System Description (continued)
Monitoring - Abnormal Conditions
Low Oil Level or Filter Clogging
- Item in Post Flight Report (PFR); Class 4 fault, with 500 Flight Hour
timer.
- if not corrected within 500 hours; MAINTENANCE TIME LIMITED
ITEM Level 1 alert (on ground, engine shut down).
Very Low Oil Level
- ELEC DRIVE 1 (2) (3) (4) OIL LEVEL LO Level 1 alert (on ground,
engine shut down).
- The crew should select the OFF Generator (refer to the MMEL for
dispatch conditions).
Oil Overheat or Low Pressure
- DRIVE FAULT and related Level 2 Caution.
- The crew should disconnect the VFG (Generator Drive).
- Generator must be replaced.
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Scheduled Servicing
At the required maintenance program interval:
- Drain and Replenish the VFG oil system;
- Replace the Oil Filter.
Unscheduled Servicing
Includes:
- Addition of Oil, if the level (monitored by CMS) is low, or if a
system component is replaced.
- Draining and Filling, if a VFG is drained or replaced.
- Servicing after oil contamination (and possible extension of the oil
filter differential pressure indicator).
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OIL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION - MONITORING - ABNORMAL CONDITIONS ... UNSCHEDULED SERVICING
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VFG - OIL SERVICING DESCRIPTION (RR) (2)
Servicing Points
VFG
Fill Connection
- oil is filled or added with an engine oil filling pump;
Overflow Connection.
- connection of an overflow drain hose will depressurize the VFG
case.
- oil flow from the hose indicates that filling should be stopped.
Sight-Glass
- the green band indicates a normal VFG oil level.
Oil is pumped from the VFG Fill connection, through the filter, the
remote air/oil heat exchanger and lines, then through the VFG internal
lubricated parts, before reaching the case sump and overflow drain.
- the sump (and sight glass) level does not increase immediately when
oil is added, so it should be pumped slowly to avoid over filling.
Oil Level Inspection
Before inspection, an engine run (or dry motoring) will ensure
maximum filling of the external system.
- oil should be allowed to become stable (and free of air) before
inspecting the VFG sight glass level.
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Magnetic Drain Plug
- loosened: to reduce the oil level, if it remains above the correct level
after filling.
- removed: to drain oil from the VFG, or the system.
- magnet collects ferrous metal particles.
Filter Cartridge
- unscrewed and removed for:
- scheduled replacement.
- inspection, if contamination is indicated (CMS filter clogging report
or abnormal contamination on magnetic drain plug).
Air/Oil Heat Exchanger
- to drain the system (in addition to the VFG drain plug).
- to drain the cooler for removal
Access
All servicing points are accessed by opening the Fan Cowl doors.
Notes
Filling or Adding Oil
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SERVICING POINTS - VFG ... NOTES
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AIRBUS S.A.S.
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STM
REFERENCE LAY08521
JANUARY 2009
PRINTED IN FRANCE
AIRBUS S.A.S. 2009
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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