Industrial Fan Applications
1
DE-DUSTING
How are the fans used in
the process ?
De-dusting is the most diverse market for
industrial
centrifugal fans:
from small fume exhaust installations to heavy
duty applications using high kW motors, dedusting requires the broadest variety of fan
types.
Functioning principles:
1) The system can work as a pressure-type
system, (See Fig 1) with dust or particles moving
through the fan (typical of wood industries /
workshops).
2) The system can work as a depression-type
system, where particles are eliminated either
through a simple kiln where the fan is often
directly mounted on top of the cyclone (See Fig
2), or through a more complex system with
compartments inside the filter, relayed by the
introduction of air to eliminate airborne particles
(see Fig 3).
2
DE-DUSTING
What are the technical
characterises of the fan ?
In pressure-type systems, like in the wood industry,
as all particles travel directly through the fan, the
impeller must be equipped with radial blades (T-type
Blades), and very often mounted without any shroud,
to avoid particles becoming attached within the fan.
Robustness of the fan and material thickness are
important elements of fan design.
Fans located after the cyclone and/or within filtering
systems, can have backward inclined, airfoil or flat
blades due to the clean air environment.
The most important characteristics of the fan are low
noise levels and high efficiency so users get the best
performance from the installation, avoiding the use
of silencers or acoustic insulation.
Our offer:
Centrifugal fans in a variety of arrangements:
• Arrangement 5 (direct drive with flanged motors).
• Arrangement 4 (direct drive with foot motors).
• Arrangement 1 (belt drive).
• Arrangement 8 (coupling drive).
3
PAINT BOOTHS
How are the fans used in
the process ?
Fans installed in painting applications can
vary depending on their location within the
process:
A) For air supply in the spray booth cabins,
double inlet centrifugal fans are used.
B) Single inlet fans with a special antiadhesive coating are used for “dirty air
extraction”.
C) Re-circulating fans (called plug types) are
installed in ovens to keep an even
temperature inside.
These last 2 types must have a dismountable
casing design, with easily accessible
impellers to enable cleaning.
For drying and cooling,
two alternative solutions
are considered:
1) double inlet centrifugal fans equipped with
frequency inverters.
2) large axial flow fans with adjustable-pitchin-motion impellers.
Our offer:
Belt driven Centripal EU with accessible impeller for cleaning.
Centripal EU double inlet for drying and cooling.
Centrimaster GT for fresh air introduction via air supply plenums.
Europal for incinerators such as e-dip baths.
Axicos (axial fans with adjustable-pitch-in-motion) that deliver
variable flows in the cooling systems.
4
GLASS INDUSTRY
How are the fans used in the
process ?
Fans installed throughout the process are usually of a
centrifugal type. At the start of the process, a large centrifugal
fan is used to cool the oven walls.
A high pressure fan is installed to introduce fresh air inside
the oven to allow for correct combustion. The following fan
is a high temperature type (400 to 500°C), exhausting hot
gasses from the oven. Inside the oven itself, some recirculating fans are often used to maintain a homogenous
temperature.
Following the oven, depending on
glass type, either:
• Glass is slowly cooled directly after the oven through
medium pressure / high volume centrifugals (windows, flat
glass), or through high pressure types in the case of the car
glass industries for example.
• Glass flows from the ovens to be distributed in different
moulds, such as in bottle production.
In this case, boilers are installed along the process to maintain
liquid glass at the right temperature. Fans provide fresh air
to the boilers and are called “conveyors”. The final fans
installed in this system are high pressure blowers for mould
cooling. A “flat aerodynamic curve” is needed to keep the
same pressure on the different moulds, whatever the number
of moulds installed or which are functioning at the same time.
Our offer:
Fans are of a quite heavy duty type, and have to be robust,
efficient and reliable. A complete range of motor powers is
also necessary up to a few hundred kWs.
Direct, belt and coupling drive arrangement are needed
because of temperature, mechanical life time and cycle
conditions.
Centripal EU, Europal and Technopal fans are all used for
this application.
5
CHEMICALS
PETROCHEMICALS
How are the fans used in the
process ?
Fans used in chemical or petrochemical applications are
usually of a heavy duty type. Often of stainless steel
construction, the fans are used to exhaust corrosive, high
temperature or hazardous gasses from the process.
Fans located within such environments must now be
compliant with the ATEX norm and constructed to ensure
optimum safety. Fans can be classified for use in zone 1 or
zone 2, with motors ranging from EexNa range to Eexd II
CT6, and constructed with an anti-spark design, combining
the right material pairings in compliance with ATEX
requirements in terms of safety.
Our offer:
Flakt Woods offers a complete range of ATEX compliant fans,
and is one of the pioneers of this application, being integral
to the development of this new standard.
Fans must be highly reliable and efficient, often of a high
pressure type, capable of withstanding high corrosion
environments, often to following API norms outside Europe
for petroleum companies.
Special shaft seals, special materials, tailor made executions
characterise the design of these fans.
Centripal EU , Europal , Single or Two Stage Technopal fans
are suitable for these applications. JM Aerofoils are often
used in less harsh environments.
6
AGRICULTURE &
SILOS
What are the fans
made for in the
process ?
Fans for agriculture tend be of axial type
for the ventilation of livestock buildings to
maintain the livelihood of pigs and poultry,
through the provision of fresh air and
removal of harmful contaminated air.
For grain drying, light centrifugal fans are
common, mostly of a double inlet type in a
non-welded execution, or two-stage axial
flow fans are used.
In silo applications, medium pressure / high
volume centrifugal fans are needed. Fans
are of a fully welded design, and must be
compliant with the new ATEX regulations.
As these fans are now considered as being
located in a hazardous environment, their
construction must follow ATEX Norm for the
dust environment and depend on the
location of the fan, Zone 21 or Zone 22,
and whether the fan is in an extracting or
blowing mode.
Our offer:
2100 series for building ventilation.
JM axial flow fans single stage or double
stage for grain drying or for larger building
ventilation.
GT centrifugal fans in a non ATEX grain
drying.
JM and Centripal EU for ATEX version.
7
BOILERS AND OVENS
How are the fans used in the
process ?
Fans for industrial boilers are used to introduce fresh air into
the boiler in order to allow the proper maintenance of oxygen
levels necessary for the gas combustion.
Inlet guide vanes are used to regulate intensity and pressure,
depending on the required temperature. Fan curves have to
be of an anti-stall type.
These industrial boilers are dedicated to oven applications,
for glass or metal industries. Inside the oven, re-circulating
fans are used to maintain uniform temperatures. Large
centrifugal fans are also used for cooling oven wall cooling,
allowing a longer lifetime.
Our offer:
Fläkt Woods has a complete range of high pressure direct
driven centrifugal fans in the EU range. The main advantage
over the competition is the ability to provide a direct driven
solution up to 1400 mm diameter.
Due to our vast experience in ovens, and special materials
and alloys, we are able to provide customers with solutions
up to 800°C continuous in re-circulating fans.
8
TEXTILE
What are the fans made for
in the process ?
Fans for agriculture tend be of axial type for the
ventilation of livestock buildings to maintain the
livelihood of pigs and poultry, through the provision of
fresh air and removal of harmful contaminated air.
For grain drying, light centrifugal fans are common,
mostly of a double inlet type in a non-welded execution,
or two-stage axial flow fans are used.
In silo applications, medium pressure / high volume
centrifugal fans are needed. Fans are of a fully welded
design, and must be compliant with the new ATEX
regulations.
As these fans are now considered as being located in
a hazardous environment, their construction must
follow ATEX Norm for the dust environment and depend
on the location of the fan, Zone 21 or Zone 22, and
whether the fan is in an extracting or blowing mode.
Our offer:
2100 series for building ventilation.
JM axial flow fans single stage or double stage for grain
drying or for larger building ventilation.
GT centrifugal fans in a non ATEX grain drying.
JM and Centripal EU for ATEX version.
9
WOOD and PAPER
How are the fans used in the
process ?
Wood transformation to create Pulp and Paper industry is a
tough environment requiring reliable and efficient
performance.
Fans for wood industries can be of axial types to dry wood
before its transformation, or of centrifugal type, and used as
de-dusters in the transformation process.
For the paper industry, paper is continuously running on rolls
at a speed which depends on quality and type of paper
produced.
Fans in this process are used to
dry the paper along the process:
• either exhausting air, creating a depression under paper
paste (i.e high pressure fans (8000 to 10000 Pa), with a
stainless steel construction.
• or paper paste is going through an oven and standard
construction fans of medium pressure and 160°C continuous
and are used for air circulation to evacuate calories.
Our offer :
Wood industry:
JM axial flow fans range in stainless steel or galvanised
version.
Centripal EU equipped with T blades for de-dusting matters
during wood transformation process.
Paper industry:
Centripal EU medium and high pressure types, in stainless
steel or mild steel versions for paper drying.
10
INCINERATION PLANTS
How are the fans used in
the process?
Primary fans are used, just like for industrial boilers,
for the provision and maintenance of air necessary for
the correct combustion of the incinerators. They are of
a high pressure type , up to 30 000 Pa.
Fans are also used as:
• ID fans.
• primary air fans.
• secondary air fans.
• exhausters of high temperature type, up to 350 °C.
Our offer:
Fläkt Woods offers a complete range of heavy duty
fans, from Europal to Technopal fans, depending on
duty requested, from 800 to 5000 mm impeller diameter,
capable to withstand temperature and tough working
conditions.
11
MICRO-CHIPS
How are the fans used in the
process ?
Fans for micro chips are used along the process as
exhausters. Production of the micro-chips is very corrosive,
and gasses have to be treated before being rejected in the
air, through very complicated filtering systems.
Centrifugal fans in special stainless steel and Allard coating
are used as:
• Hot gasses exhausters.
• Acid gas exhausters.
• Ammoniac exhausters.
• Solvents exhausters.
All those fans have to be equipped with inlet guide vanes
for production capacity regulation.
Otherwise, for fresh air introduction in the building, large axial
flow fans with adjustable-pitch-in-motion impellers are used
to follow production rhythm, without stopping the fan.
Our offer:
Fläkt Woods offers a complete range of centrifugal fans, from
Centripal EU and Europal range, stainless steel versions or
with special coating, and Axicos as axial flow fans range
with adjustable pitch in motion impellers.
12
FOOD INDUSTRY
How are the fans used in
the process?
Fans in food industry can be of both axial and
centrifugal type. Depending on their location and their
role inside the process, low, medium or high pressure
types can be requested.
As they are in a food environment, the material of the
fan tends to be either in a stainless steel construction,
or in aluminium. Certain epoxy coatings can be also
suitable in some processes.
In the food processing industry, fans are usually needed
for drying (blowers) or exhausting the water content
from the raw food. For example in pasta or milk-powder
production, hot gasses have to be blown onto the food
in order to get
rid of all water content, which guarantees the food is
conserved before being packaged.
Our offer :
Stainless steel centrifugal and axial flow fans, part of
the JM and Centripal EU range. High efficiencies and
low noise levels are essential characteristics of fans
for this industry.
13
HEAT TRANSFERS
REFRIGERATION
COOLERS
What are the fans made for
in the process ?
Fläkt Woods offers a wide selection of innovative
products specifically designed for a variety of heat
transfer applications, ensuring OEMs and end users
obtain exact and independently certified performance
to suit their specific needs.
Through engineered solutions for applications such
as chillers, coolers, condensers, transformer cooling
and cooling towers for use in a variety of industries,
Fläkt Woods has served the market for many years.
Fully integrated products developed for optimum
customer solutions, evolving and developing
constantly with changing customer requirements,
make us the leader in the field.
Wide expertise in market applications has been built
up through close working relationships with our
customers, enabling us to offer the highest
performance and efficiency coupled with lowest
installed sound levels ensure products meet market
expectations.
Our Offer :
Compac Climafan; Aerofoil Climafan; 2100 Series Fläkt
Woods offers a wide range of axial flow fans to satisfy
most heat transfer applications.
Our products are specifically designed to provide the
widest coverage of performance characteristics,
coupled with the lowest noise levels, ensuring that
most customer requirements are satisfied.
14
MARINE & OFFSHORE
What are the fans made
for in the process ?
Fans in Marine and Offshore environments are used
to create ventilation and comfort in the cabins, and
for the machineries areas.
Fans located in those environments are operating in
tough conditions: salt and humidity are corrosive, and
continuously attacking materials. Moreover, as
maintenance is a critical point in terms of accessibility,
availability of spares and of technical people, design
of the fans must be thought to be first class quality in
terms of vibrations, sound levels and lifetime. This is
particularly true for fans located in submarines, where
each single movement / noise is creating turbulances
which can be seen on radars.
Fans can also be located in hazardous environments
e.g. in offshore platforms, and engineering companies
tend to ask for explosion proof technologies.
Stainless steel designs 304L, 316L are a must to face
these critical ambient conditions, and Eexd motors
are often requested.
Our offer:
Fläkt Woods has all the products needed, from a
complete HVAC system to a stainless steel JM axial
or EU centrifugal fan in stainless steel execution,
which can be equipped with inlet guide vanes
regulation.
15
MACHINERY
MANUFACTURERS - OEM"s
How are the fans used in
the process ?
A lot of industrial machineries require fans for cooling,
blowing, exhausting: in essence they create the air
movement necessary for the proper machinery
functioning.
The OEM customer requests a particular duty point to
have the best output from his machinery. The role of
the fan manufacturer is then to take into account the
environment in which the customer’s machine is to be
used to determine the optimum proposition. After
prototyping, validation and qualification of the OEM
machine, the fan manufacturer then produces as many
fans as the OEM produces machines.
Field of applications is wide: producers of road
sweepers, power generators, heat exchangers,
building site machines, car wash, DC motors, windmills
generators, pasta machineries...
Our offer:
Tailor made or adapted axial flow fans , centrifugal
fans, mixed flow technologies, using latest
technologies of composite, aluminium, mild steel or
stainless steel materials, and bringing the best
efficiencies to our customer, to allow them making their
machine different on the market
16
ROLLING STOCK
How are the fans used in the
process ?
• traction motor cooling (radiator).
• braking resistor cooling.
• transformer cooler blowers.
• inverters / choppers blowers.
• inductors cooling blowers.
• condensors and evaporators fans.
Our offer:
Fans located in Rolling Stock applications are
completely tailor made. Needs can be from axial
aerodynamic characteristics for transformer cooling, to
high pressure centrifugal for motor and braking resistor
cooling.
What differntiates Flakt Woods within the
market is:
• the unrivalled experience in axial and mixed flow fan
technology, bringing the highest performance in
acoustics and aerodynamics.
• the ability to integrate our products in customer
environments,
• our capacity in tailored and innovative designs, like
our recent development of composite solutions to
eliminate fatigue and stress problems.
• the ability to test the complete units in our laboratories.
17
CEMENT
How are the fans used in
the process ?
Fans play a major role in each step of
cement production:
grinding of raw materials, rotary kilns, clinker cooler…
Fans are located throughout the process:
• raw mill fans.
• exhaust fans or re-circulating fans in filtering systems.
• kiln ID fans.
• coal mill exhausters.
• primary air fans.
• clinker cooler fans.
With air flows from 50 000 to 600 000 m3/h, pressures
from up to 3000 to 20 000 Pa, and operating conditions
between 20 °C and 500 °C, fans for cement plants are
heavy duty types.
The increased capacity and complexity of plants have
resulted in more arduous conditions:
• larger volumes.
• higher pressures.
• higher temperatures.
• higher loads of abrasive dust.
Our offer:
Fläkt Woods through Solyvent brand name has
unrivalled experience in TECHNOPAL fans for cement
applications, and has adapted its fan technology to
cope with these requirements:
• highest efficiencies (more than 85 %).
• gas flow / control regulation.
• command of vibration and noise.
• wear protection on highly efficient impeller design.
… And an innovative concept called “Hermit Crab”
which consists in replacing the competitor’s impeller
with one of our impellers, keeping in place the casing.
Challenge is to sell an increased capacity, a better
efficiency, or a longer life expectation.
18
STEEL
How are the used in the
process ?
Fans play a major role in each step of steel production:
grinding of raw materials, de-dusters, fans for the ovens,
fresh air introduction, burned gasses exhausters ...
Fans located in the process itself are usually submitted
to high mechanical constraints:
• high temperature.
• heavy dusty air extraction.
• cycles : anti-fatigue designs.
• corrosion.
For that, efficient cooling design for shaft and bearings
is necessary, use of refractory materials is mandatory,
and a technical innovation is a must.
Our offer:
Fläkt Woods through Solyvent brand name has
unrivalled experience in TECHNOPAL fans for steel
applications, with continuous innovation through:
• small deflector blades, positioned on the impeller centre hub, alter the dust particle trajectories, and increase
impeller life expectancy by 10 times.
• use of ceramic, tungsten, special stainless steels
hastalloy, URANUS, rubber coatings ...
• impeller water cleaning systems in running.
Others fans such as large
axial flow fans for air
introduction, or large
centrifugal exhausters for the
ovens are part of our range,
providing our customers with
a good global efficiency and
reliability.
19
POWER PLANTS
How are the fans used in the
process ?
Fans in Power plants process are of various types, but
their common point is their huge power consumption,
which can only be found in that type of application. The
volumes and air flows requested to allow the boilers,
precipitators, pre-heaters, coal mill and fluid beds to
continuously run require megawatts.
Fans in the process are:
• Primary air fans.
• Induced draught fans.
• Forced draught fans.
• Fluidization air blowers.
• Mill seal air fans.
Our offer:
Some Technopal centrifugal fans in double inlet form
have been specially designed for power plant
applications, with impellers up to 4,5 meters and 10 M
Watts, it is possible to replace two or three competitor
fans with one large Flakt Wods unit.
With PF axial flow fan technology, Fläkt Woods innovates
again in alimentation of fresh air for the boilers.
Highest efficiencies up to 92 % are allowing Fläkt Woods
to sell an unrivalled premium design in Centrifugal and
Axial flow fans technology.
Building site ventilation and Turbine Halls are all equipped
with smaller axial flow fans from our standardized ranges.
20
TUNNELS
What are the fans made for
in the process ?
• Road Tunnels - removal of pollution and smoke.
• Metro and Underground Railways – removal of heat,
general ventilation and fire smoke control, including antistall devices to accommodate pressure pulses.
• Tunnel and Underground Construction - providing fresh
air and removal of pollution, heat and dust.
Our offer:
Fläkt Woods range of AXIJET / Jetfans and AXICENT /
Large JM fans have provided solutions worldwide for:
Our offering for these projects can range from just
equipment supply to the provision of a complete subsystem. A typical offering can include dampers,
attenuators, transformations sections, fans, antivibration equipment and starters / inverters.
System optimisation is based on detailed knowledge of
the individual system components and the interaction
between them.
Design calculations are also performed to confirm both
aerodynamic and acoustic performance.
21
WIND TUNNELS/TESTING RIGS
How are the fans used ?
Fans for these specific applications are dedicated to aero
acoustic, climatic and aerodynamic testing.
Demanding industries usually want to check the resulting
Cx or behaviour of their machine in real conditions of
running:
• car industries, which want to test the Cx of a car, to
judge how a new car design will operate if submitted to
lateral wind …
• planes manufacturers who want to test mock-ups or
real complete machines.
Our offer:
Special tailor made axial flow fans. Fläkt Woods strength
is to provide customer with full proposal and a complete
unit which covers the demanded function. We can also
in our facilities develop and test the installation.
22
WASTE WATER
What are the fans made for
in the process ?
Fans dedicated to waste water applications
are varied:
• high pressure compressors for biological waste water
treatment which creae the oxygenation in the baths.
• deodorization fans.
• mud drying fans.
• smaller pulsators.
A lot of those fans have to be able to withstand corrosive
and humid environments, that’s why the use of Stainless
steel 316L and Ti is often a must.
Our offer:
Low operation cost compressors for biological waste
water treatment.
A combination of high-speed motor drive and high
performance carbon fibre composite impeller elevates
compressor technology to a new level.
High efficiency medium pressures / high volumes
centrifugals in Stainless steel for mud drying, and smaller
high pressure fans for pulsators, belonging to Centripal
EU product range.
23
Sales Offices available World Wide See our website for details
www.flaktwoods.com
Head offices
Building Air Climate
Industry Air Movement
Fläkt Woods AB
Kung Hans väg 12
SE-192 68 SOLLENTUNA
Sweden
Tel: +46 8 626 49 00
Fax:+46 8 626 73 10
Fläkt Woods Limited
Tufnell Way
Colchester, Essex
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1206 544122
Fax:+44 1206 574434
Fläkt Solyvent-Ventec
143, rue de la République - B.P. 67
69882 Meyzieu Cedex France
Fläkt Woods reserves its rights to modify the technical datas described
in the document anytime. Informations are not contractual. Should you
need any further information, please contact the local agent in your
country.
24
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