SM NOVEL TECHNOLOGY: asymmetric siRNA Duplexes [A-siRNA] Novel siRNA with chemical and structural modifications to ensure asymmetric and potent RNAi activity. ADVANTAGES OVER TYPICAL siRNA: Greater Specificity of Suppression Reduce Off-Target Suppression Reliable for Drug Development Degradation Resistant invitro/invivo Superior Design and Chemistry www.oligoengine.com Asymmetric siRNA Duplex: Right on target for Research and Therapeutics. The A-siRNA Duplex was developed in 2003 by Oligoengine scientists as a more precise RNAi trigger than dsRNA based siRNA. The structure contributes to the asymmetric loading into RISC and the inactive sense strand prevents ‘sense-strand’ based off-target effects caused by canonical siRNA. A-siRNA Duplexes have been used to specifically inhibit the expression of proteins in vitro, such as the GL2 luciferase protein. The A-siRNA Duplex is especially useful for in vivo studies and therapeutics development (see inset on opposite page). 5’ Mod inactive template Blunt clamp active guide RNA dTdT Suppression of Firefly Luciferase Exppression 100% 100 Percent of GL2 Expression (relative to control) Effective Knockdown To test the effectiveness of the A-siRNA Duplex in targeted gene suppression, an A-siRNA Duplex was designed against GL2 form of the firefly luciferase and tested in 3T3-Lux cells. As shown at right, GL2 expression was suppressed over 90% with the A-siRNA Duplex compared to a control lacking siRNA. Multiple runs of this same experiment demonstrated that RNAi directed by A-siRNA Duplexes are effectively repeatable and titratable. 1 = Control (cells only) 2 = 25 nM A-siRNA Duplex 3 = 50 nM A-siRNA Duplex 4 = 100 nM A-siRNA Duplex 5 = 200 nM A-siRNA Duplex 75 50 41% 39% 25 20% 5% 0 1 2 3 4 5 Based on fast, proven, and scalable synthesis techniques, the A-siRNA technology provides an ideal platform for commercial applications. The dependability and costeffectiveness of A-siRNA synthesis for target discovery and genome-wide RNAi applications supports the use of “just-in-time” arrays to vastly improve the drug development process. Transfection of luciferase-expressing 293 cells with siRNA or A-siRNA against the luciferase gene Invitro Comparison Luciferase Activity 200000 200000 180000 180000 160000 160000 140000 140000 120000 120000 GL2 A-siRNA 100000 100000 GL2 siRNA 80000 80000 GFP siRNA 60000 60000 40000 40000 20000 20000 00 1 fmol 1fmol 4 4fmol fmol 2020fmol fmol 100 fmol 500 fmol 20 pmol 100fmol 500fmol 20pmol Oligoengine CORPORATE OFFICE 1409 42nd Ave. E. Seattle, WA 98112 A-siRNA siRNA LABORATORY Seattle, WA Phone: Fax: Toll-free: (206) 254-0200 (206) 254.0300 (800) 516.5446 A-siRNA Asymmetric siRNA Duplex TM Removing off-target effects from RNAi To prove the negative effect of typical siRNA, Oligoengine first designed an siRNA that shared GL2/GL3 complimentarity in both the sense and antisense strands. The ability of an siRNA to function in either direction would result in an undesirable suppression of GL3. The same construct was tested using the Asymmetric siRNA composition which illustrated the benefit of de-activating the sense strand (template) of siRNA and prevention of sense-strand based off-target suppression. Comparison of Specificity: A-siRNA Duplex vs. siRNA Relative GL3 Luciferase Expression Eliminates off-target Suppression To demonstrate the specificity of the targeted A-siRNA Duplex response, NIH3T3 fibroblast cells that stably express the GL3 form of the firefly luciferase were transfected with varying concentrations of A-siRNA Duplex and chemically synthesized siRNA – both targeting the same region of the GL2 luciferase mRNA. In contrast to the A-siRNA Duplex, which showed no significant knockdown of GL3 luciferase expression, the siRNA demonstrated an “off-target” suppression of the GL3 protein, as shown in the chart at right. 120 100 • • • 80 • • • • • A-siRNA: GL2 • • • • • • • • • • • • siRNA: GL2 60 40 20 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 A-siRNA/siRNA Concentration (nM) Additional genome-wide assays have shown the specific signature of A-siRNA. Efficient Processing: A-siRNA Duplex vs. siRNA A-siRNA vs. siRNA processing Asymmetric Duplex A-siRNA provides advantages siRNA of potency and specificity when compared to other RNAi 3’ -Sense DNA 5’ -Antisense RNA Modified 5’ 3’ methods. Active RISC 5’ 3’ 3’ -Sense RNA 5’ -Antisense RNA 5’ 3’ reverse in PAZ Active RISC 3’ 5’ 5’ 3’ 3’ 5’ 3’ 5’ 5’ 3’ vs. Target Recognition Target Recognition 5’ 5’ Primary mRNA Target 3’ 3’ Primary mRNA Target 3’ Off-Target Recognition Cleaved Primary mRNA Cleaved Primary mRNA 5’ 5’ Unintended mRNA Target 3’ Cleaved Unintended mRNA • A-siRNA’s non-functional sense results in elimination of “Off-Target” suppression of genes complimentary to sense RNA. • 100% processing effiency to target mRNA due to asymmetric structure and end thermodynamics. Oligoengine • siRNA results in “Off-Target” suppression of genes partial complimentary to sense RNA. • Overall molecule is double-processed (forward/reverse) resulting in decreased efficiency. • More stable in Cytosol and Serum than dsRNA. CORPORATE OFFICE 1409 42nd Ave. E. Seattle, WA 98112 LABORATORY Seattle, WA Phone: Fax: Toll-free: (206) 254-0200 (206) 254.0300 (800) 516.5446 A-siRNA Asymmetric siRNA Duplex TM Invivo use of Asymmetric siRNA Duplexes. The A-siRNADuplex is more effective in-vivo than siRNA due to it’s stability and processing efficiency. A direct comparison was performed against siRNA for serum stability and invivo efficacy by a third party. siRNA Serum Stability 0 5 10 15 30 A-siRNA Duplex 60 90 0 Minutes in Serum 5 10 15 30 60 90 Hydrodynamic tail vein injection of 10mg of siRNA or A-siRNA against the Fas receptor mRNA. In-vivo against fas Results from studies at an independent, third-party research institution indicate that intravenous injection of A-siRNA Duplexes targeting the Fas gene in mouse hepatocytes reduces Fas mRNA levels and expression of Fas protein in the liver. The goal is to demonstrate the potential therapeutic value of the A-siRNA Duplex; in this case, in preventing and treating acute and chronic liver injury induced by viral and autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, acute and chronic liver failure and rejection of liver transplants. Introduce FAS target to 30 mice 10 w/siRNA 10 w/A-siRNA 10 w/Saline 1. Compare Knockdown efficacy between siRNA and Asymmetric siRNA Duplexes. 2. Profile liver tissue and compare potential off-target activity of siRNA and Asymmetric siRNA Duplexes. Sacrifice at 48 hours. In-vivo results NS Analysis by real time PCR of Fas mRNA. 1.2 * p=0.01 Level of mRNA 1 .8 .6 .4 .2 0 siRNA 48h A-siRNA 48h saline 48h Oligoengine CORPORATE OFFICE 1409 42nd Ave. E. Seattle, WA 98112 LABORATORY Seattle, WA Phone: Fax: Toll-free: (206) 254-0200 (206) 254.0300 (800) 516.5446 A-siRNA Asymmetric siRNA Duplex TM Asymmetric siRNA Duplex Summary. Summary • More Potent • More Specfic • More Stable Prices start at $399.00 per 40 nm duplex. Please visit http://www.oligoengine.com/oe3 to design and order your A-siRNA Duplex or call Customer Service. Intellectual Property The A-siRNA Duplex was developed and is supplied exclusively by OligoEngine’s parent company, Halo-Bio RNAi Therapeutics. Like small interfering RNA, the A-siRNA Duplex consists of two short polynucleotides, custom synthesized to target a specific gene sequence, and annealed in a duplex molecule. And like siRNA, the A-siRNA Duplex has been demonstrated as a potent RNAi trigger. However, important differences in structure, chemistry and configuration exist between the A-siRNA Duplex and “standard” siRNA molecules. As such, the AsiRNA Duplex is the subject of a patent application filed by Oligoengine scientists with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (patent pending). Licensing Licensing of A-siRNA for Target Validation, Drug Discovery, and Therapeutic Applications The A-siRNA Duplex has utility across all stages of the gene-to-drug pathway. Commercial parties can obtain a license of the A-siRNA technology for the purposes of performing target validation, drug discovery and development, or therapeutics applications. In addition, any products, including cell lines, transgenic animals and therapeutic compounds developed using the A-siRNA Duplex will be considered as licensed products, upon which Halo-Bio will seek to support such uses by licensing. Terms of a commercial license are available for various uses and geographies. For specific licensing information, please contact an OligoEngine sales manager or HaloBio RNAi Therapeutics directly: http://www.halo-bio.com Oligoengine CORPORATE OFFICE 1409 42nd Ave. E. Seattle, WA 98112 LABORATORY Seattle, WA Phone: Fax: Toll-free: (206) 254-0200 (206) 254.0300 (800) 516.5446 A-siRNA Asymmetric siRNA Duplex TM EXCLUSIVE: Asymmetric siRNA Duplex TM fax-back quote form Advanced RNAi Kit Order the A-siRNA Duplex to achieve greater suppression, specificity and stability over typical siRNA. Fax it back, we’ll take care of the rest! Fax to 206.254.0300 KIT CONTENTS: • 40 nMole of A-siRNA Duplex IDENTITY: • Dilution Buffer NAME: • Optional positive or negative controls PHONE: EMAIL: GENE OR SEQUENCE: No Additional Charge for Design. Results guaranteed to acheive greater than 70% suppression. GENE(S): N19 SEQUENCE(S): KIT OPTIONS: ADD CUSTOM NEGATIVE CONTROL $199 5’ LABEL 20 nM of Si2 Duplex $199 6-FAM HEX TET TAMRA POSITIVE/NEGATIVE CONTROLS starting at $399.00 5 nmoles anti-GFP duplex $99 5 nmoles Mamm-X Scramble duplex $99 A-siRNA Duplex For more information and licensing terms: 1.800.516.5446 customerservice@oligoengine.com Oligoengine CORPORATE OFFICE 1409 42nd Ave. E. Seattle, WA 98112 LABORATORY Seattle, WA Phone: Fax: Toll-free: (206) 254-0200 (206) 254.0300 (800) 516.5446 A-siRNA © 2010 Halo-Bio RNAi Therapeutics, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Asymmetric siRNA Duplex TM