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SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden
Claes Tullin
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WE CREATE VALUE THROUGH COLLABORATION
INDUSTRY
UNIVERSITIES
COLLEGES
SP is a leading international group of institutes that specialise in research and innovation.
We create value through collaboration, which is vitally important for the competitiveness and
sustainable development of industry.
About us
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Bioenergy Development in Sweden
- Overview of status and ongoing R&D
How we contribute
Acknowledgements
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Anna Lundborg, Swedish Energy Agency
Kentaro Umeki, LTU
Rikard Gerbart, LTU
Joakim Lundgren, LTU
Markus Norström, SP
Anders Hjörnhede, SP
Anna Sager, SP
Kent Davidsson, SP
Energy use in Sweden – Bioenergy is the largest energy source!!
1/3 Bioenergy
1/3 Fossil
> 50 % RES
> 65% CO2 neutral
Biomass
Use (in TWh) of biomass and peat* by sector 1980-2011
*3.1 TWh Peat used in 2011
Sustained Increase in Bioenergy Use in Sweden
Tax on Carbon – an effective instrument (combined with R&D)!
• Introduced in 1991
• 2015: Doubled tax
for industry
• From 2013: Industry
within ETS excluded
Wood Pellet Production and Use (kton)
Development of waste management in Sweden over the last
decades (Avfall Sverige, 2014).
The development of landfilling as a consequence of introduced
policies (Avfall Sverige, 2014).
Bioenergy Feedstock Programme 2011-2015 (SEA)
Biomass fuels from forest and
agriculture
Supply
Conversion
refining, fuel quality,
combustion < 10 MW
Fuel chains (relevant,
effective, sustainable)
Sustainability
environment,
sustainability, system
aspects, GHG, market
Supply of biomass fuels
• Today mainly by-products from industry and forestry,
and some waste
• New biomass supply chains are needed
• R&I is focused on
– Supply of fuels from agriculture, including fast growing tree
crops (willow, aspen, poplar)
– More effective systems to produce, extract and deliver
forest biomass fuels
– Fuel quality and characterization
– Better and new processing and refining of biomass for
different users, and to facilitate long transports
– Environmental aspects
Conversion
• Bioenergy is mainly used in forest industry, district heating
and local heating, CHP and some biofuels for transportation
• R&I focused on
– Increased electrical efficiency in CHP
– Increased fuel flexibility
– Biomass gasification
– Small scale CHP and better systems for local heating
– Emissions
– Pilot and demonstration projects
– CCS, bio-CCS
– More biomass in industries, including biorefineries
– System questions, especially resource efficiency,
Forest fuels – sustainability issues
• Felling residues – removal of plant nutrients, organic
matter and buffering compounds
• Removal of dead wood
• Effects on soil, forest production, water and
biodiversity?
• Environmental considerations and adaptation
measures
• Climate effects: Effects on carbon balances and GHG
emissions
• LCA and energy balances, resource efficiency
• How to fulfil national environmental objectives as well
as international sustainability criteria
Bioeconomy - definition
Formas (SWE)
• Sustainable production of biomass
• Optimised value of eco system
services and contribution to
economy
EU White paper:
• ” The transition from a dependence
on fossil fuels to a situation where
agriculture not only will continue to
provide food security but also
biomass as a renewable raw
material for industry will be the
basis of the coming integrated
Bioeconomy”
Ref: The European Bioeconomy in 2030, White Paper
En första förfrågan i augusti
Forests
Declining market
One network
Looking for new applications
Knowledge of forest products
Manage and process forests
Chemistry
Fossil-based raw materials
A different network
Looking for new bio-based raw materials
Knowledge of end products
Manage and process
chemicals
From wood and agro-residues to food
Biorefinery residual
streams
Wood and Agro-residues
Food
Single cell protein
Cultivated fish
Research Activities – Example of R&D centres/organisations
Bioinnovation – Strategic Innovation Programme (SIP): http://www.bioinnovation.se/
Universities
• Bio4Energy: http://bio4energy.se/
• Swedish Centre for Biomass Gasification: http://www.ltu.se/centres/Svenskt-forgasningscentrum-SFC?l=en
• LTU Green Fuels: http://www.ltu.se/org/tvm/Avdelningar/LTU-Green-Fuels?l=en
• Swedish Knowledge Centre for Renewable Transportation Fuels: http://www.f3centre.se/
Applied R&D
• Energiforsk (Värmeforsk, Elforsk, SGC, Fjärrsyn): http://www.energiforsk.se/
• Waste refinery: http://www.wasterefinery.se/sv/Sidor/default.aspx
– Re:Source (SIP application)
Platform
Biochemical
Platform
Environmental
Platform
2015-03-23
Platform
Feedstock
Process Integration
Platform
Catalysis and separation
Platform
Thermochemical
Platform
Forestry
products,
Agriculture
by-products,
Waste
Fractions
Pre-treatment and
Fractionation
Bio4Energy
Biofuels,
”Green” Power,
District Heating,
Green
Chemicals,
Pulp and Paper
Scope of research within SFC (yellow)
Air
ASU
O2
Black
Liquor
Entrained flow
Gasification
Pretreatment/grind
ing
Wood
Drying,
pyrolysis,
torrefaction
Pressurizing
Direct fluidized
bed gasification
Primary gas
cleaning
Dual Bed
Gasification
Pressurizing
Secondary gas
cleaning
Synthesis
process
Products
SFC- A Centre of Excellence
Annual budget 58.5 million SEK
per year (2013-2017, 20182021)
• In total, 23 companies, 9
universities and 2 institutes
• 30 senior researchers and 34
PhD students (>20% funding
from SFC)
•
The Gobigas demo project
Research by Chalmers, MiUn, SP and GU
Chalmers 2-4 MW
pilot plant
GoBiGas 1 Hisingen
20 MW SNG
demonstration plant
Göteborg Energi and E.ON
Chalmers lab.
reactor
2008
2012
2016
GoBiGas 2 Hisingen
80 MW SNG
Commercial plant
Gbg Energi or E.On
LTU Biosyngas Program Phase 2
Second generation motor fuels and chemicals via gasification
LTU Green Fuels: Planning for 2013-2016
Powder
Torrefied Mtrl
Black
Liquor
WP6
WP3
Cleaning
Pyrolysis oil
WP2
ETC EF
gasifier
WP1 Pilot scale experiments
WP2 Catalytic gasification
WP3 Solid fuel gasification
WP4 Novel syngas cleaning
WP5 Catalytic conversion
WP6 Containment materials
WP7 Field tests
WP4
DP-1
Plant
Active
C Abs
WP1
> 100 bar
WG
Shift
H2
O2
Amine
Wash
Future development
The Renewable
Syngas Highway
CO2
Fuel
Cells
MeOH
Synth.
DME
Synth.
WP5
CO
Electrolysis
Existing
facilities
BioMeOH
WP7
Membranes
25-30 bar
Others
BioDME
Distillation
Some important keys to bioenergy development!
• Policy – economic incentives/legislation
– Interaction with policy makers
• Industrial interest
• Bioeconomy – systems perspective
– Bioenergy = Utilisation of Waste
• A good balance between:
– Academic research (publications, competence,
international networks)
– Applied research programmes adressing
industrial problems (and forming networks)
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