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DALI Dimming Controls
Design and Application Guide
DALIAPPS_1204
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Design guide introduction
Introduction
e z DALI dimming co n t rols make high performance fluorescent dimming practical.
Many commercial and institutional space s
have different activities that would benefit
from dimming co n t rol, particularly the ability to create scenes or presets with dimming
of individual fixtures.
DALI (Digital Addressable Lighting
Interface), an open communications protocol focused on lighting, is putting this level
of co n t rol within designers’ reach. ezDALI
controls make it practical to apply DA L I
technology to a single room or floor. This
design and application guide aids the lighting professional in determining the fit of ezDALI
dimming controls to the needs of each project. It also provides guidance in selecting, laying out,
and specifying an ezDALI dimming system.
In this guide you’ll find:
• A brief introduction to DALI technology and dimming products
• A flow chart to help determine whether ezDALI dimming co n t rols are right for your project
• Detailed steps for designing an ezDALI control project:
1.
Assessing the feasibility of DALI dimming and confirming the “fit” between technology
and application
2.
Designing an ezDALI project:
- Define lighting groups and scenes
- Product selection
3. Wiring
4. Commissioning
5. Occupant control
• A p p l i cation examples for specific building spaces
Together, these tools will help you in defining and implementing successful DALI dimming co ntrol in the appro p r i a te building spaces.
Watt Stopper/Legrand’s application experts are available for design support and ass i stance on any lighting control question. Call our te c h n i cal support at 800-879-8585.
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Introduction to DALI
Introduction
Digital Addressable Lighting
Interface (DALI) is an application-specific communications pro to col specifically
designed and standardized
to work with lighting ballasts, and to meet the needs
of lighting systems. DA L I
provides a medium through
which lighting designers
and users can communica te with and co n t rol each and every individual ballast independently. DALI’s scope defines how to communicate to and from a DALI ballast and how the
ballast will respond when it rece i ves a DALI command.
With DALI, building owners, opera to rs, and occupants have dimming control down to the
individual ballast, co n t rol that’s achieved by how one communicates to the ballast rather
than by how one wires to the ballast. So this co n t rol can be repeatedly reprogrammed to
meet changing workplace needs. If the need arises to change the grouping or zoning at a
future time, the system can be repro g rammed, instead of re-wired, to acco m m o d a te the
new desired control.
Benefits
Benefits of DALI co n t rol are numerous. These include:
• increased flexibility in building operations
• reduced installation co sts
• reduced initial co sts compared to co n ventional 0-10v dimming co n t rol systems
• lower energy costs than with non-dimming lighting control
• easily adaptable to changing needs
• scalable for future expansion
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ezDALI dimming controls
An ezDALI system consists of a power supply, a controller, DALI ballasts, and a DALI bus.
Furthermore, a practical system will also include sensing dev i ces such as dimmers,
scene switches and daylight sensors that provide lo cal data to the controller, which will,
in turn proce ss the inputs and send appro p r i a te DALI commands over the DALI bus.
Programming typica l ly resides in the controller. Only DALI commands are used and since
there is only one device transmitting messages to the ballast, collision detection and
management is not required. The primary application is single room, stand-alone control.
Stand-alone
Controls
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The ezDALI wall box controller also includes a group (also referred to as a dimming zone)
dimmer and scene control. The power supply provides Class 2 inputs for ex i sting sensors.
Sensor data is ro u ted to the co n t roller over the DALI class 2 bus.
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Step 1 - Determine if ezDALI is the right choice
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Step 2 - Designing an ezDALI project
Define lighting
groups and
scenes
e z DALI uses two concepts as the building blocks for control:
Groups
A group is a set of DALI ballasts that are intended to be dimmed as a unit. For instance,
three biax fixtures illuminating a whiteboard in a conference room are grouped since the
typical control intent is for them to dim simultaneously to a specified lighting level for
each different room activity.
e z DALI devices enable independent co n t rol for up to four groups. While each group may
co n tain up to 64 ballasts, no ballast may be in more than one group. The ballasts within a
group will each have a short address, but these addresses are transparent to the designer
and installer. The administrator or user simply refers to the ballast group by its functional
name (i.e., “whiteboard”).
To begin designing an ezDALI project, one must first identify the specific lighting groups
that will be desired in the controlled space .
Scenes
The second building block is scene control. A scene is a desired lighting arrangement
ass o c i a ted with a specific activity. This arrangement is cre a ted by setting the lighting level
of each group within the space. Scenes are commonly referred to as “presets.”
With the ezDALI Group and Scene Controller, users can access up to four scenes for a
room. These scenes are stored in the DALI ballasts for immediate re call, and users simply refer to a scene by its functional name (i.e., “presentation”).
So in an application where scene co ntrol is intended, the designer must
identify the desired scenes, as well as
the light levels of each lighting group
for each scene.
This table offe rs a simple approach for
documenting groups and scenes within
a room. Note that the final light levels
for each scene would be tuned by the
facility manager or user based on what
best creates the desired lighting effect.
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Step 2 - Designing an ezDALI project
Product
selection
An ezDALI installation must include at a minimum these base components:
• e z DALI controller
• Power supply
• DALI ballasts
• DALI data bus
4 lighting
Controller
groups
B e cause the wallbox controller is the source of all co mmands to the DALI ballasts, every ezDALI dimming system
must include one controller. It is recommended that designers
implement the Group and Scene Controller as that provides the
greate st flexibility in a DALI dimming application. Optionally, the
Group Controller can be used (see page 7).
Power supply
The ezDA L I Power Supply (DPS150) supplies power for the ezDALI
system. The first of its two transformers provides 150 mA at 24
VDC to the Class 1 bus. The second provides 150 mA to the Class 2
ezDALI bus (16 VDC) and to any other control devices (i.e., occupancy sensors) at 24 VDC. In addition, the power supply acts as a
repeater, copying messages on either bus to the other. This makes
it possible to maintain electrical isolation of the Class 1 and Class 2
data buses while also allowing co n t rol devices to use either bus for
e n tering or reading a command.
DALI ballasts
DALI ballasts are available from all major ballast manufacturers
for the most common fluorescent lamp types (i.e., T8, ,T5, T5HO
linear, compact fluorescents, and biax).
4 lighting
scenes
Group and Scene Controller
ezDALI Power Supply
DALI ballasts
DALI data bus
The DALI databus provides the communications network for the DALI dimming system.
Consisting of at least 18/2 gauge, no ground, stranded or solid copper with 600V
insulation, the databus can ex tend up to 1000 feet (see Wiring section, page 8 for more
information).
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Step 2 - Designing an ezDALI project
Product
selection
Remote Scene Switch
To provide scene recall from multiple locations throughout the space,
a designer may add Remote Scene Switches to the basic Group and
Scene Controller. For instance, in a lecture hall, the controller might
be loca ted at the podium, while Remote Scene Switches are positioned at each entrance and in the rear of the room. This configuration allows the speaker to change the light level of any group or
a d j u st any of the four scenes right from the podium, but also enables
occupants to recall lighting scenes upon entering the room.
Remote Scene Switch
Relay Module
In many applications, there are non-DALI lighting loads that need
ON/OFF co n t rol in coordination with the DALI-ballasted lighting. For
instance, in a conference room, halogen accent lights might be turned
on as part of a reception scene but off as part of a pre s e n tation scene.
Designers would select the ezDALI Relay Module to provide coordinated
switching of these non-DALI loads (the module acts like a DALI ballast
with just two levels).
Relay Module
Occupancy Sensor
In many jurisdictions, energy code provisions mandate autom a ted shutoff of lighting. An ezDALI dimming control system
interfaces with occupancy sensors to provide occupant-sensitive
a u tomatic shut off that exceeds most code requirements.
e z DALI co n t rols are compatible with any Watt Stopper 24 VDC,
Ceiling mount occupancy sensors
3-wire, ceiling-mount occupancy sensor. The ezDALI Power
Supply acts as the sensor’s power supply as well as powering the DALI co n t rol system,
eliminating the need for an additional power pack. Multiple sensors may be used to cover
large spaces. However, their cumulative current draw should not exceed 120ma.
When the ezDALI controller rece i ves a signal from the sensor that the space is occupied,
the controller turns lighting on to the last used scene. When it receives a signal indicating
vacancy, the controller lowe rs lighting to 10% for five minutes and then turns lighting off.
If the sensor detects activity during this inte r val, it signals the ezDALI controller to return
lighting to the last-used scene or user-sele c ted light level.
ezDALI Group Controller
For applications where dimming control only is desired, without scene co n t rol, the Group
Controller may be used. If this is used, the Remote Scene Switch cannot be used.
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Step 3 - Wiring
Class 2 wiring
Class 1 wiring
e z DALI co n t rollers are designed to fit within standard wall receptacles in either single(Group Controller) or double-gang (Group and Scene Controller) boxes.
Unlike typical 0-10V dimming systems, the two DALI bus wires may be run in the same
conduit as the power wires. The ezDALI Power Supply has two DALI buses which are ele ctrically isolated, but which carry the same messages. The Class 1 bus is run with the
p ower wires to each fixture. The Class 2 bus goes to the co n t roller and optionally to the
R e m o te Scene Switches. The occupancy sensor wiring is also Class 2 allowing the use of
standard sensors.
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Step 4 - Commissioning
An electrical contractor can setup and commission ezDALI without the use of special
tools or pro g ramming software.
Out of the box, an ezDALI controller will transmit a different light level for each of its
group buttons (i.e., a Group and Scene Controller will transmit 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%
for different groups, as well as for each of its different scenes). All of the ballasts in the
room will respond, verifying that each is properly wired and functioning. This response
also confirms that the controller is sending messages on the data bus. Finally, activating
an occupancy sensor will cause lighting to dim to 10%, confirming the system is wired
correctly. (This “co n t ra c tor”mode startup pro g ram disappears once the system has been
comple te ly configured.)
Once the system is installed and the wiring confirmed, the controller can be used to initialize the system, and program the groups and scenes. To initialize the system, the
installer removes the wallplate and swings open the Master button. He then presses and
holds the STORE button for five seconds. All of the ballasts turn off and the controller
begins addressing each one sequentially. As a ballast receives its address, it turns on.
When initialization is comple te, all of the ballasts will be on.
Creating
Groups
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This illustration demonstrates the proce ss for
creating groups.
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Step 4 - Commissioning
Creating
Scenes
Creating scenes is done with the ezDALI Group and
Scene Controller. First, the lighting groups are
identified. Then the desired light level of each
lighting group for a specific activity is determined.
The illustration shows a Group and Scene
Controller where lighting groups and lighting
scenes have been identified and labeled.
Creating Multiple Scenes
Creating multiple scenes is similar to the
process of creating groups, described on
the previous page. The user will adjust
the light level of each group using the
respective “group” buttons on the left
side of the Controller. Once this is done,
the scene is created by “memorizing” the
light levels to the desired scene button by
pressing the specific scene button on the
right side of the Controller.
Setting Maximum Levels
The MAX button sets maximum
light levels for each group. This
function is useful for setting light
levels appro p r i a te for the wo r k
space or function, as well as for
energy conservation.
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Step 5 - Occupant control
Occupants select a scene matched to the
Occupants can create
room’s activity or task by pressing one of the
temporary scenes by
four scene buttons on the Group and Scene
adjusting light levels with
these group buttons.
Controller or Remote Scene Switch. If none of
the scenes provides the lighting environment
t h ey desire, they can use the group dimming
b u t tons on the Group and Scene Controller to create
a “te m p o rary” scene. Pressing the Master button will
toggle between this new scene and off. Similarly, if an
occupancy sensor is interfaced, it will also toggle
b e t ween this temporary scene and off. To erase the
te m p o rary scene, the occupant need only press one
of the normal scene buttons. Or, if the temporary
scene becomes a favorite, it can be memorized as a
permanent scene by pressing and holding a normal
Master button
scene button. Once this is done, the button may be
relabeled to reflect the new scene.
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Occupants can memorize
a temporary scene to
make it permanent by
pressing and holding a
scene button.
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Application Examples
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DALI dimming control applications
Executive Office
Application Description
Primary activities are computer
work, reading, and meetings.
Control Needs
Dimming with presets for reading
and computer work, and meetings.
Automatic OFF for all lighting for
code compliance.
Solution
e z DALI Group and Scene Controller
for up to four lighting groups. Assign
each of two overhead fixtures into
different lighting groups, the sconces
in a third group and the halogen art
lighting in a fourth group, using an
ezDALI Relay Module. Set the lighting levels for each group to create the desired scenes.
Add an occupancy sensor to achieve Automatic OFF.
Conference Room
Application Description
Conference room with presentations,
videoconferences, and meetings as primary activities. Lighting is indirect pendant fixtures and wall washers.
Control Needs
Dimming with scenes for presentations,
videoconferences, and meetings.
Automatic OFF for all lighting for co d e
compliance.
Solution
e z DALI Group and Scene Controller for
up to four lighting groups and four
scenes. Assign fixtures into different
lighting groups and set lighting levels
independently for each group (i.e., 75%,
for overheads, 40% for wallw a s h e rs for a
meeting scene) memorize these levels for scenes for specific activities. To activa te or
recall these scenes, an occupant presses the appro p r i a te scene button on the right side of
the controller. Use an occupancy sensor to turn lighting off automatically upon vacancy.
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DALI dimming control applications
Classroom
Application description
Primary activities are lectures,
reading, presentations, computer
work, and tests.
Control needs
Independent dimming control of
student window row and student
inner row. Teacher needs to crea te scenes for four diffe rent tasks
(i.e., whiteboard discussions, A/V
pre s e n tations, reading, and co mp u ter work). Automatic OFF of all lighting for code compliance.
Solution
e z DALI Group and Scene Controller with an additional Remote Scene Switch. Designer
can assign each of the overhead fixtures into different lighting groups, and create the four
desired scenes. With the Remote Scene Switch, the instructor can access different lighting scenes from either the main controller at the room entrance, or from the front of the
room, near the teaching area. For Automatic OFF, designer implements a DT-300 occ upancy sensor.
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