AN368 - BGS16MN14 SP6T Antenna Switch

B GS 16 MN 14
SP 6T Ant enna S wit c h
Di ve rsit y RF Fro nte nd Applic ations
Applic atio n N ote A N 368
Revision: Rev. 1.0
2014-05-23
RF and P r otecti on D evic es
Edition 2014-06-02
Published by
Infineon Technologies AG
81726 Munich, Germany
© 2014 Infineon Technologies AG
All Rights Reserved.
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BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Application Note AN368
Revision History: 2014-05-23
Previous Revision: prev. Rev. x.x
Page
Subjects (major changes since last revision)
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ISOFACE™, IsoPACK™, MIPAQ™, ModSTACK™, my-d™, NovalithIC™, OptiMOS™, ORIGA™,
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Other Trademarks
Advance Design System™ (ADS) of Agilent Technologies, AMBA™, ARM™, MULTI-ICE™, KEIL™,
PRIMECELL™, REALVIEW™, THUMB™, µVision™ of ARM Limited, UK. AUTOSAR™ is licensed by
AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth™ of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq™ of DECT Forum.
COLOSSUS™, FirstGPS™ of Trimble Navigation Ltd. EMV™ of EMVCo, LLC (Visa Holdings Inc.). EPCOS™
of Epcos AG. FLEXGO™ of Microsoft Corporation. FlexRay™ is licensed by FlexRay Consortium.
HYPERTERMINAL™ of Hilgraeve Incorporated. IEC™ of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale. IrDA™
of Infrared Data Association Corporation. ISO™ of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR
STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB™ of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM™ of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MICROTEC™, NUCLEUS™ of Mentor Graphics Corporation. MIPI™ of MIPI Alliance, Inc. MIPS™ of MIPS
Technologies, Inc., USA. muRata™ of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., MICROWAVE OFFICE™ (MWO) of
Applied Wave Research Inc., OmniVision™ of OmniVision Technologies, Inc. Openwave™ Openwave Systems
Inc. RED HAT™ Red Hat, Inc. RFMD™ RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS™ of Sirius Satellite Radio Inc.
SOLARIS™ of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SPANSION™ of Spansion LLC Ltd. Symbian™ of Symbian Software
Limited. TAIYO YUDEN™ of Taiyo Yuden Co. TEAKLITE™ of CEVA, Inc. TEKTRONIX™ of Tektronix Inc.
TOKO™ of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX™ of X/Open Company Limited. VERILOG™, PALLADIUM™
of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ™ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS™, WIND RIVER™
of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX™ of Diodes Zetex Limited.
Last Trademarks Update 2011-11-11
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
List of Content, Figures and Tables
Table of Content
1
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 6
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
BGS16MN14 Features ........................................................................................................................ 6
Main Features ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Functional Diagram .............................................................................................................................. 6
Pin Configuration .................................................................................................................................. 7
Pin Description ..................................................................................................................................... 7
3
3.1
Application .......................................................................................................................................... 8
Application Board ................................................................................................................................. 8
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
Small Signal Characteristics ........................................................................................................... 10
Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port...................................................................... 10
Return Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port ......................................................................... 10
Forward Transmission ........................................................................................................................ 11
Reflection Antenna Port ..................................................................................................................... 11
Port Reflection .................................................................................................................................... 12
Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports .................................................................................................... 12
Port Isolation Neighbour Ports ........................................................................................................... 13
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
Intermodulation ................................................................................................................................ 14
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 14
IMD Test Set-up ................................................................................................................................. 14
IMD Test Results for Band 1 and 5 .................................................................................................... 15
6
Harmonic Generation ....................................................................................................................... 15
7
7.1
Appendix: Switch Controller Unit ................................................................................................... 18
Operating Guide ................................................................................................................................. 18
8
Authors .............................................................................................................................................. 19
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
List of Content, Figures and Tables
List of Figures
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15
Figure 16
Figure 17
Figure 18
Figure 19
Figure 20
BGS16MN14 Functional Diagram ....................................................................................................... 6
BGS16MN14 Pin Configuration ........................................................................................................... 7
RF switch in mobile phone cellular frontend ........................................................................................ 8
Layout of the application board ............................................................................................................ 9
Layout of de-embedding boards .......................................................................................................... 9
PCB layer information .......................................................................................................................... 9
Application circuit ............................................................................................................................... 10
Forward Transmission Curves for RF Ports ....................................................................................... 11
Reflection Antenna Port ..................................................................................................................... 11
Port Reflection .................................................................................................................................... 12
Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports .................................................................................................... 12
Port Isolation of Neighbour Ports ....................................................................................................... 13
Block diagram of RF Switch intermodulation ..................................................................................... 14
Test set-up for IMD Measurements.................................................................................................... 14
Set-up for harmonics measurement ................................................................................................... 15
nd
2 Harmonic at fc=824 MHz............................................................................................................... 16
rd
3 harmonic at fc=824 MHz ................................................................................................................ 16
nd
2 Harmonic at fc=1800 MHz............................................................................................................. 17
rd
3 Harmonic at fc=1800 MHz ............................................................................................................. 17
Switch Controller Unit Board .............................................................................................................. 18
List of Tables
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Pin Description (top view) .................................................................................................................... 7
Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port with all other ports terminated with 50Ω ...... 10
Antenna Return Loss with all other ports terminated with 50Ω .......................................................... 10
IMD Measurements ............................................................................................................................ 15
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Introduction
Introduction
1
The BGS16MN14 is a Single Pole Six Throw (SP6T) Diversity Switch optimized for wireless applications up to
2.7 GHz. It is a perfect solution for multi-mode handsets based on quadband GSM, WCDMA and LTE. The
switch configuration is shown in Fig. 1. The BGS16MN14 comes in a miniature TSNP package and comprises
of a high power CMOS SP6T switch with integrated MIPI RFFE interface.
No external DC blocking capacitors are required in typical applications as long as no DC is applied to any RF
port.
2
BGS16MN14 Features
2.1
Main Features

Suitable for multi-mode EDGE / C2K / WCDMA / LTE applications

Ultra-low insertion loss and harmonics generation

6 high-linearity, interchangeable WCDMA RX ports

0.1 to 2.7 GHz coverage

High port-to-port-isolation

Direct to battery supply enabled by large supply voltage range
from 2.5 V to 5.5 V

Integrated MIPI RFFE interface supporting 1.2 and 1.8 V bus voltage

Software programmable MIPI RFFE USID

No decoupling capacitors required if no DC applied on RF lines

Small form factor 2.0 mm x 2.0 mm

1 kV HBM ESD protection

RoHS and WEEE compliant package
2.2
Functional Diagram
ANT
RX01
RX02
RX03
RX04
RX05
RX06
SP6T
Figure 1
GND
VDD
VIO
SCLK
SDATA
MIPI RFFE
Controller
BGS16MN14 Functional Diagram
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
BGS16MN14 Features
13
NC
14
RX05
RX06
NC
9
8
0
1
2
3
4
VDD
ANT
10
RX01
12
11
RX02
NC
RX04
Pin Configuration
RX03
2.3
Figure 2
BGS16MN14 Pin Configuration
2.4
Pin Description
Table 1
7
SCLK
6
SDATA
5
VIO
Pin Description (top view)
Pin NO
Name
Pin Type
0
1
GND
RX03
GND
I/O
RF ground; die pad
RX port 3
2
RX02
I/O
RX port 2
3
RX01
I/O
RX port 1
4
VDD
PWR
VDDSupply Voltage
5
VIO
PWR
MIPI RFFE Supply
6
SDATA
I/O
MIPI RFFE data
7
SCLK
I
MIPI RFFE clock
8
9
NC
RX06
I/O
Not connected
RX port 6
10
RX05
I/O
RX port 5
11
RX04
I/O
RX port 4
12
NC
13
ANT
14
NC
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
Function
Not connected
I/O
Antenna port
Not connected
7 / 20
2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Application
Application
3
A typical application of the BGS16MN14 RF switch in a mobile phone application is shown in Figure 3. In the
diversity path of the RF frontend the BGS16MN14 switches the different receive bands to the inputs of the
transceiver. Infineon offers also a broad portfolio of Low Noise Amplifiers and Antenna Switch Modules.
Infineon ASMs
BGSF18G
BGSF110GN26
Infineon RF Switch
BGS16MN14
ASM
Infineon
LNAs
BGAxx
Transceiver
Figure 3
RF switch in mobile phone cellular frontend
3.1
Application Board
Below is a picture of the evaluation board used for the measurements (Figure 4). The board is designed so that
all connecting 50 Ohm lines have the same length.
In order to get accurate values for the insertion loss of the BGS16MN14 all influences and losses of the
evaluation board, lines and connectors have to be eliminated. Therefore a separate de-embedding board,
representing the line length is necessary (Figure 5).
The calibration of the network analyser (NWA) is done in severall steps:
- Perform full calibration on all NWA ports.
- Attach empty SMA connector at port 2 and perform “open” port extension. Turn port extensions on.
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Application
- Connect the “half” de-embedding board (Figure 5 left board) between port1 and port2, store this as a
s-parameter (.s2p) file.
- Turn all port extentions off.
- Load the stored s-parameter file as de-embedding file for all used NWA ports
- Switch all port extentions on
- Check insertion loss with the de-embedding through board (Figure 5 right board)
Figure 4
Layout of the application board
Figure 5
Layout of de-embedding boards
The construction of the PCB is shown in Figure 6.
Vias
Rodgers , 0.2mm
Copper
35µm
Figure 6
FR4, 0.7mm
PCB layer information
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Small Signal Characteristics
Small Signal Characteristics
4
The small signal characteristics are measured at 25 °C with a Network analyzer in an application circuit shown
in figure 7.
ANT
BGS16MN14
SP6T
27nH
Figure 7
Application circuit
4.1
Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port
Table 2
Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port with all other ports terminated with
50Ω
Frequency
(MHz)
740
751
881
942
1842
1960
2017
2140
2350
2593
3500
RX1
0.43
0.42
0.36
0.34
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.52
RX2
0.41
0.41
0.36
0.34
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.38
0.41
0.56
RX3
0.4
0.4
0.34
0.32
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.33
0.36
0.4
0.61
RX4
0.42
0.41
0.36
0.34
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.39
0.43
0.65
RX5
0.41
0.4
0.34
0.32
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.36
0.38
0.48
RX6
0.44
0.44
0.38
0.36
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.37
0.4
0.54
4.2
Return Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port
Table 3
Antenna Return Loss with all other ports terminated with 50Ω
Frequency
(MHz)
740
751
881
942
1842
1960
2017
2140
2350
2593
3500
RX1
15
15.1
16.9
17.7
33.7
32.6
31.7
30.4
28.6
27
20.2
RX2
15.5
15.6
17.5
18.4
29.6
29.3
29
28.7
27.6
25.3
18.2
RX3
15.3
15.5
17.4
18.2
33.6
29.6
28
25.6
22.9
20.5
15.2
RX4
15.5
15.6
17.7
18.6
31.6
29
27.7
25.9
23.4
20.9
15.1
RX5
15
15.2
17.7
18.8
24.4
22.7
22.1
21.1
19.7
19.2
19.5
RX6
14.7
14.9
16.6
17.5
37.7
32.8
30.9
28.8
27.1
26.2
20.9
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Small Signal Characteristics
4.3
Forward Transmission
BGS16MN14 Forward Transmission
Forward Transmission (dB)
0
2.14 GHz
-0.33 dB
0.94 GHz
-0.32 dB
0.74 GHz
-0.40 dB
2.35 GHz
-0.36 dB
-0.25
0.88 GHz
-0.34 dB
1.84 GHz
-0.29 dB
-0.5
1.96 GHz
-0.30 dB
2.59 GHz
-0.38 dB
0.75 GHz
-0.40 dB
-0.75
ANT_Rx1
ANT_Rx3
ANT_Rx5
ANT_Rx2
ANT_Rx4
ANT_Rx6
-1
0.5
1.5
3.50 GHz
-0.48 dB
2.5
3.5
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 8
Forward Transmission Curves for RF Ports
4.4
Reflection Antenna Port
BGS16MN14 Reflection Antenna Port
0
2.69 GHz
-19.4 dB
Reflection (dB)
-15
-30
-45
Rx1
Rx3
Rx5
Rx2
Rx4
Rx6
-60
0.5
Figure 9
1.5
2.5
Frequency (GHz)
3.5
4
Reflection Antenna Port
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Small Signal Characteristics
4.5
Port Reflection
BGS16MN14 Reflection Rx Ports
0
2.69 GHz
-16.95 dB
Reflection (dB)
-10
-25
-40
-55
Rx1
Rx3
Rx5
Rx2
Rx4
Rx6
-70
0.5
1.5
2.5
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 10
Port Reflection
4.6
Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports
3.5
4
Antenna Isolation of Neighbour Ports
0
2.69 GHz
-27.86 dB
Isolation (dB)
-20
-40
-60
-80
Rx1 active
ANT_Rx2
Rx2 active
ANT_Rx3
Rx3 active
ANT_Rx4
Rx4 active
ANT_Rx5
Rx5 active
ANT_Rx6
Rx6 active
ANT_Rx1
Rx1 active
ANT_Rx6
Rx2 active
ANT_Rx1
Rx3 active
ANT_Rx2
Rx4 active
ANT_Rx3
Rx5 active
ANT_Rx4
Rx6 active
ANT_Rx5
-100
0.05
Figure 11
1.05
2.05
Frequency (GHz)
3.05
3.5
Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Small Signal Characteristics
4.7
Port Isolation Neighbour Ports
Port Isolation of Neighbour Ports
0
2.69 GHz
-25.16 dB
Isolation (dB)
-20
-40
-60
-80
Rx1 active
Rx1_Rx2
Rx2 active
Rx2 Rx3
Rx3 active
Rx3_Rx4
Rx4 active
Rx4_Rx5
Rx5 active
Rx5_Rx6
Rx6 active
Rx6_Rx1
Rx1 active
Rx1_Rx6
Rx2 active
Rx2_Rx1
Rx3 active
Rx3_Rx2
Rx4 active
Rx4_Rx3
Rx5 active
Rx5_Rx4
Rx6 active
Rx6_Rx5
-100
0.05
Figure 12
1.05
2.05
Frequency (GHz)
3.05
3.5
Port Isolation of Neighbour Ports
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Intermodulation
5
Intermodulation
5.1
Introduction
Another very important parameter of a RF switch is the large signal capability. One of the possible
intermodulation scenarios is shown in Figure 13. The transmission (Tx) signal from the main antenna is coupled
into the diversity antenna with with high power.This signal (20 dBm) and a received Jammer signal (-15 dBm)
are entering the switch.
Coupled Tx
Signal from
main antenna
Jammer
(CW)
Receiver
Diversity
Antenna
RF Switch
IMD
Figure 13
Block diagram of RF Switch intermodulation
Special combinations of TX and Jammer signal are producing intermodulation products 2
nd
and 3rd order, which
fall in the RX band and disturb the wanted RX signal.
5.2
IMD Test Set-up
The test setup for the IMD measurements has to provide a very high isolation between RX and TX signals.
( Figure 14).For the RX / TX separation a professional duplexer with 80 dB isolation is used.
Please find the results for high and low band in table 5 below. For each distortion scenario there is a min and a
max value given. This variation is caused by a phase shifter connected between switch and duplexer. In the test
set-up the phase shifter represents a no ideal matching of the switch to 50 Ohm.
Load
-20dB
-3dB
Tx
K&L
Mini Circuits
(ZHL-30W-252 -S+)
Signal
Generator
Power
Amplifier
Duplexer
Tunable
Bandpass
Filter
Circulator
DUT
ANT
Phase Shifter /
Delay Line
TRx
-20dB
ANT
K&L
Tunable
Bandpass Filter
Signal
Generator
Rx
K& L
Signal
Analyzer
Figure 14
Power reference plane
PTx = +20 dBm
PBl = -15 dBm
-3 dB
Tunable
Bandpass
Filter
Test set-up for IMD Measurements
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Harmonic Generation
5.3
IMD Test Results for Band 1 and 5
Table 4
IMD Measurements
Band 1
TX
Testcase
IMD3
IMD2 low
IMD2 high
FIN
(MHz)
1950
1950
1950
Band 5
IMD3
IMD2 low
IMD2 high
6
PIN (dBm)
FIN (MHz)
PIN (dBm)
FIMD (MHz)
PIMD (dBm)
IIPx (dBm)
20
20
20
1760
190
4090
-15
-15
-15
2140
2140
2140
-113
68
-94
-111
99
116
TX
Testcase
FIN
(MHz)
835
835
835
Intermodulation Products UMTS
Band 1
Interferer
Intermodulation Products UMTS
Band 5
Interferer
PIN (dBm)
FIN (MHz)
PIN (dBm)
FIMD (MHz)
PIMD (dBm)
IIPx (dBm)
20
20
20
790
45
1715
-15
-15
-15
880
880
880
-111
68
-99
105
-110
115
Harmonic Generation
Harmonic generation is another important parameter for the characterization of a RF switch. RF switches have
to deal with high RF levels, up to 27 dBm. With this high RF power at the input of the switch harmonics are
generated. This harmonics (2
nd
rd
and 3 ) can disturb the other reception bands or cause distortion in other RF
applications (GPS, WLan) within the mobile phone.
Load
-20dB
Directional
Coupler
-20dB
Signal
Generator
Power
Amplifier
Circulator
Tunable
Bandpass
Filter
A
Power meter
Agilent
E4419B
-3dB
B
DUT
ANT
K&L
Signal
Analyzer
Figure 15
-20dB
Tunable
Bandstop
Filter
Tx
Directional
Coupler
Set-up for harmonics measurement
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Harmonic Generation
nd
rd
The results for the harmonic generation at 830 MHZ are shown in Figure 16 (2 harmonic) and Figure 17 (3
harmonic) for all RF ports.
At the x-axis the input power is plotted and at the y- axis the generated harmonics in dBm.
BGS16MN14 RX at fin=824MHz
-50
-55
RX1
H2 (dBm)
-60
RX2
-65
RX3
-70
RX4
-75
RX5
RX6
-80
-85
-90
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Pin (dBm)
Figure 16
nd
2
Harmonic at fc=824 MHz
BGS16MN14 RX at fin=824MHz
-50
-55
RX1
-60
H3 (dBm)
RX2
-65
RX3
-70
RX4
-75
RX5
-80
RX6
-85
-90
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Pin (dBm)
Figure 17
rd
3 harmonic at fc=824 MHz
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Harmonic Generation
BGS16MN14 RX at fin=1800MHz
-50
RX1
-55
RX2
-60
RX3
H2 (dBm)
-65
RX4
-70
RX5
-75
RX6
-80
-85
-90
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Pin (dBm)
Figure 18
nd
2
Harmonic at fc=1800 MHz
BGS16MN14 RX at fin=1800MHz
-50
-55
RX1
-60
RX2
H3 (dBm)
-65
RX3
-70
RX4
-75
RX5
-80
RX6
-85
-90
-95
-100
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Pin (dBm)
Figure 19
rd
3 Harmonic at fc=1800 MHz
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
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2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Appendix: Switch Controller Unit
Appendix: Switch Controller Unit
7
The BGS18MN14 is controlled via MIPI interface and Infineon offers a MIPIcontroller unit to ease the evaluation
of its BGS18MN14 on application board. The unit is very simple to use with a few buttons to select the right
device and different states.
This section helps as a short user guide for the controller unit shown in Figure 20. The controller unit requires a
DC supply of 5.5V with a current capability of 50mA.
G VG
N CN
D CD
to BGSF18D
P3
P2
GND
GND
Vcc
LVdd
FRM
GND
GND
NC
SPI
CLK
Figure 20
P1
Switch Controller Unit Board
Please observe the following steps to use the controller unit:
7.1
Operating Guide
1.
2.
3.
4.
Connect evalboard and control unit via controller cable
Connect control unit to power supply
Version number “S.0” is displayed
Press P1 and P3 simultaneously until desired switch type is displayed
- “0D” for BGS110MN20
- “8D” for BGS18MN14
- “6D” for BGS16MN14
*
5. Press P1 or P3 to enable active mode “PU” is displayed
6. Press P1 or P3 to alter switch state
- IS … Isolation Mode (all channels off)
- PD … Power Down Mode (low current consumption)
- PU ... Power Up Mode (active mode)
- R1 – R0 ... RX1 – RX10 enabled
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
18 / 20
2014-05-23
BGS16MN14
Diversity RF Frontend Applications
Authors
8
Authors
Ralph Kuhn, Senior Staff Application Engineer of the Business Unit “RF and Protection Devices”
Andre Dewai, Senior Application Engineer of the Business Unit “RF and Protection Devices”
Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0
19 / 20
2014-05-23
w w w . i n f i n e o n . c o m
Published by Infineon Technologies AG
AN368