Multifunction IEDs
01
MiCOM P43x
Distance Protection
The distance protection devices of the
MiCOM P43x range are designed for selective
short-circuit protection, ground fault protection
and overload protection. They can be applied
in all kind of medium, high- and extra-highvoltage systems.
compact P430C
modular P433, P435, P437
Customer Benefits
• 1A/5A settable via software
• Two communication interfaces
(for substation control system and
remote access)
• Protection interface InterMiCOM
The wide range of protection functions covers
all kind of applications in cable and overhead
line protection. In addition numerous backup
protection and control functions are
available. P43x provide four setting groups
for easy adaptation to varying system
operation conditions.
The user-friendly user interface as well as the
various communication interfaces allow easy
and entire device settings and readings from
extensive recordings. Numerous integrated
communication protocols allow easy
interfacing to almost any kind of substation
control or SCADA system. Furthermore the
integrated protection interface InterMiCOM
provides direct end-end communication
between two protection devices.
The specially flat compact case of P430C as
well as the standard 19’’ modular cases of
P433, P435 and P437 with variable number
of plug-in modules provide a flexible solution
for easy integration of the devices into the
substation.
Both case variants are available for flush
monting and wall mounting.
Multifunction IEDs MiCOM P43x
02
Application
Global functions
Distance protection devices MiCOM P43x provide
a wide range of protection functions.
The integrated functions reflect the different
requirements in system protections.
The preferred applications are as follows:
The following global functions are generally
available in all devices:
• P430C: MV systems with 3pole tripping only
• P433: MV systems with 3pole tripping only
• P435: MV and HV systems with 1pole or 3pole
tripping
• P437: HV and EHV systems with 1pole or
3pole tripping .
• Parameter subset selection (4 alternative
setting groups)
• Metering
• Operating data recording
• Overload recording incl. overload data
acquisition
• Ground fault recording incl. ground fault data
acquisition
• Fault recording of all CT/VT inputs and binary
event incl. fault measurands
(e.g. fault location).
Functions Overview
21
85-21
DIST
PSIG
P430C
P433
P435
P437
Distance Protection
•
•
•
•
No. of measuring systems
1
1
1
3
Mutual compensation
-
-
-
option
Protective signaling (channel aided scheme logic)
•
•
•
•
50/27
SOTF
Switch on to fault protection
•
•
•
•
68
PSB
Power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping
•
•
•
•
MCMON
Measuring-circuit monitoring (CT/VT supervision)
•
•
•
•
BUOC
Backup overcurrent-time protection
•
•
•
•
Breaker failure
•
•
•
•
50BF
50/51 P,Q,N
DTOC
Definite-time overcurrent protection
•
•
•
•
51/67 P,Q,N
IDMT
Directional Inverse-time overcurrent protection
•
•
•
•
67N
GFSC
Ground fault (short-circuit) protection
(Br.: Directional earth fault protection, DEF)
•
-
•
•
85-67N
GSCSG
Ground fault (short-circuit) protection signaling
(Br.: DEF scheme logic)
•
-
•
•
32
P<>
Directional power protection
•
•
•
-
49
THERM
Thermal overload protection
•
•
•
•
27/59 P,Q,N
V<>
Over-/undervoltage protection
•
•
•
•
81 O/U
25
79
f<>
Over-/underfrequency protection
•
•
•
•
TGFD
Transient ground fault direction determination
-
option
option
-
GFDSS
Ground fault direct. determ:
using steady-state values
•
•
•
-
GFTRP
Ground fault tripping
•
•
•
-
GFSIG
Ground fault protection signaling
•
•
•
-
ASC
Automatic synchronism check
-
option
option
option
1/3p
ARC
Auto-reclosing control
3p
3p
1/3p
LIMIT
Limit value monitoring
•
•
•
•
LOGIc
Programmable scheme logic
•
•
•
•
COMMx
2 communication interfaces,
IRIG-B, InterMiCOM
option
option
option
option
INP/ OUTP
Binary inputs /
output relays (maximum number)
2/8
10 / 22
28 / 46
28 / 46
MEASI /
MEASO
Analog-I/O
(2x 20 mA outputs, 20 mA and PT-100 inputs)
-
option
option
option
Multifunction IEDs MiCOM P43x
03
Main functions
Main functions are autonomous function groups
and can be individually configured or disabled
to suit a particular application. Function groups
that are not required and have been disabled by
the user are masked completely (except for the
configuration parameter) and functional support is
withdrawn from such groups.
This concept permits an extensive scope of
functions and universal application of the device
in a single design version, while at the same time
providing for a clear and straight-forward setting
procedure and adaptation to the protection and
control task under consideration.
Simple Function Selection by Mouseclick
Functional overview
(Description of ANSI code nos. see Function Overview)
Communication
COMM1
Recording
and
Data
Acquisition
Self
Monitoring
COMM2
to SCADA / substation control / RTU / modem ...
via RS485 or Fibre Optics
using IEC 60870-5-101, -103, Modbus, DNP3,
Courier, UCA2, IEC61850
LIMIT
Overload
rec.
Ground flt.
rec.
Metering
Fault rec.
Vref
21
DIST
50/27
SOTF
85-21
PSIG
68
PSB
VTS/CTS
MCMON
51 P,N
BUOC
50/51 P,Q,N
DTOC
51/67 P,Q,N
IDMT
67N
GFSC
49
THERM
32
P<>
TGFD
25
ASC
GFDSS
GFSIG
79
ARC
I
V
IE,par
conventional
signalling
MiCOM P43x provides full functionality
at your disposal
85-67N
GSCSG
50BF
InterMiCOM
27/59 P,Q,N
V<>
protection
communication
81 O/U
f<>
always available
optional or specific
GFTRP
LOGIC
Distance Protection P43x
Multifunction IEDs MiCOM P43x
Distance protection
The devices are equipped with elaborate fault
detection elements that can be adapted to the
individual application. They provide reliable fault
detection and fault type determination even under
difficult system conditions. The following criteria
are continuously monitored:
• Overcurrent (I>>)
• Undervoltage (V<)
• Underimpedance with load blinding (Z<)
• Ground fault detection adaptable to system
grounding.
All fault detection measurement elements operate
simultaneously.
Inrush stabilization and Fuse Failure monitoring
(VT circuit supervision) are integrated.
04
A well proven voltage memory eliminates all
problems with directional determination in case
of small fault voltage, CVT transients or in series
compensated lines applications.
Six distance zones can be set in total. Each
zone can be set as forward, backward or nondirectional to suit requirements. Zone 1 extension
is provided and controlled by integrated functions
such as autoreclosing control or protective
signaling or by an external signal. Special zone
4 is provided, to allow auto-reclosing only on the
overhead-line section in cable/line systems or to
compensate the bundle conductor effect.
P437 could optionally be equipped with an
additional CT input to measure the residual
current of a parallel line to provide mutual
coupling compensation.
X
σ
1
V/Vnom
or
V/Vnom / √3
α
45
°
1
1,0
R
R1,PG
V<
R1,PP
0,5
1,0
2,0
I>
I>>
I/I
X
nom
Z1
X
°
45
Z
70 °
α
1
arc
compensation
fw
X fw
R
β
Tripping Characteristics
Z
bw
Z
Z
fw
fw , P
P
,P
G
R fw,PG R
R fw,PP
Fault Detection Characteristics
MiCOM P43x detects any fault in your
power system
X1
Multifunction IEDs MiCOM P43x
05
3
N
2
3
N
2
1
3
N
2
3
N
2
1
1
1
E
E
E
CE
E
isolated
starpoint
Peterson-coil
compensated
low-impedance
earthed/grounded
non-effectively
earthed/grounded
effectively
earthed/grounded
Power System Grounding
Switch on to fault protection
Closing of a circuit breaker might inadvertently
lead to a short-circuit fault due to a maintenance
ground clamp not yet removed, for example.
‘Switch on to fault protection’ provides an
undelayed protective tripping during a settable
time after a manual close command has been
issued.
Power swing blocking / out-of-step
tripping
Power swings between generators due to severe
load variations or system faults may cause
measured impedances to enter distance zones. To
avoid incorrect tripping, the devices measure the
rated change of power to implement blocking for
the duration of the swing. In case of short-circuits
during a power swing, the blocking is disabled
immediately to allow distance elements to operate.
Alternatively an out-of-step tripping feature can
be activated which operates either on fast power
change or upon detection of instable swings.
Ground-faults are detected by monitoring the
neutral displacement voltage and neutral current.
Depending on the grounding of the system
starpoint either earth-fault direction determination
or sensitive high-impedance ground-short-circuit
protection is required.
• transient method (analysis of time-signals)
(optional).
Ground short-circuit protection
A highly sensitive zero-sequence power directional
protection (Br.: Directional Earth-Fault protection,
DEF) is integrated as back-up protection for high
impedance ground short-circuits in low-impedance
grounded systems.
In order to achieve high-speed tripping, the device
is equipped with a supplementary ground fault
(shortcircuit) protection signaling logic (Br.: DEF
scheme logic) that provides both:
• Release (permissive) scheme
• Blocking scheme.
This scheme logic can be set up in parallel and
independently from the distance scheme logic.
X
X
2
Z(t)
α
Ground-fault direction determination
R
R
For the determination of the ground-fault direction
in isolated or Peterson-coil compensated power
systems two proven methods are provided:
• wattmetric method (analysis of steady-state
signals), complemented by signaling scheme
and trip logic;
1
1: stable power swing
2: instable power swing
(out-of-step condition)
Power-Swing Characteristic
Multifunction IEDs MiCOM P43x
Protective signaling
The distance reach is usually set to values below
100 % line length so as to avoid overlapping
of adjacent substations. Protective signaling
(teleprotection scheme logic) extends the reach
of protection to 100 % by a logic operation on the
signals received from the remote substation.
Protective signaling can be operated using one of
the standard schemes:
• Direct Transfer Trip (DTT)
• Permissive Underreaching Transfer Trip
(PUTT)
• Zone Extension
• Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (POTT)
• Blocking Scheme (incl. DC loop)
• Reverse Interlocking (busbar protection)
06
With P437 phase-selective signal transmission is
possible. Where required, the following additional
features can be activated:
• Weak infeed trip logic
• Echo
• Transient blocking
• Deblocking
• Channel Test Send signal.
Protection Interface InterMiCOM
Optional InterMiCOM allows high performance
permissive and blocking type unit protection to
be configured, plus transfer of any digital status
information between line ends. Intertripping is
supported too, with channel health monitoring and
cyclic redundancy checks (CRC) on the received
data for maximum message security.
InterMiCOM provides eight end-end signal bits,
assignable to any function within a MiCOM relay’s
programmable logic.
Default failsafe states can be set in case of
channel outage.
InterMiCOM with Compact Devices
Proven protection with advanced communication
and comfortable data handling.
Multifunction IEDs MiCOM P43x
07
Information interfaces
Information exchange is done via the local
control panel, the PC interface and two optional
communication interfaces.
One of the communication interfaces conforms
to IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 60870-5-101, DNP
3.0, Modbus and Courier (IEC 61850 under
development) and is intended for integration with
substation control systems.
The 2nd communication interface conforms to IEC
60870-5-103 and is intended for central settings
or remote access.
Clock synchronization can be achieved using one
of the protocols or using the IRIG-B signal input.
One Record per Fault (incl. oscillography, SOE, Fault Measurands)
Information interfaces
Just one Setting File
Multifunction IEDs MiCOM P43x
08
Device track record
•SD36: First digital Distance Protection, launched
in 1987. More than 10.000 devices installed.
•PD 5x1: First multifunctional, numerical
Distance Protection. More than 17.000 devices
installed since 1991.
•PD 5x2: numerical Distance Protection with
extended functionality. More than 3.000 devices
installed since 1998.
•MiCOM P43x: Transformation of PD5x2 series
into MiCOM P43x. More than 2.000 devices
installed since 2000.
•2002 First integration of InterMiCOM
•2003 UCA2-Protocol implementation in P437
Schneider Electric
35, rue Joseph Monier
CS 30323
92506 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France
Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 29 70 00
RCS Nanterre 954 503 439
Capital social 896 313 776 €
www.schneider-electric.com
EnergyAutomation-DS-P43x-0938b-EN
As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, please ask for confirmation
of the information given in this publication.
This document has been printed
on ecological paper
Publishing: Schneider Electric
Design: Schneider Electric
Printing:
10-2010
© 2010 Schneider Electric - All rights reserved
•2004 Start of IEC 61850 protocol implementation.