Electronic Ignition

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North Central Hearth Patio and Barbecue Association
Electronic Ignition
for Hearth Professionals
TomTom Parks, COASTROAD
2015
Slide 1
Electronic
Ignition
for Hearth
Professionals
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NCHPBA
2015
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Slide 2
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About me . . .
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In construction for
last 30 years
Degree in
electronics
engineering
In hearth business
since 1998
Install & service
everything we sell
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Slide 3
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About me . . .
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•
•
•
VP and GM of Hearth
& Patio shop
NFI Master Hearth
Professional
NFI Instructor since
2008
On committee that
works on HPBEF Gas
Hearth Systems
manual and test
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Slide 4
overview
Hearth Products Controls
One way to categorize hearth
appliances is by the control valves
they use, which fall into three
general categories:
1. Manual (hand-powered)
2. Millivolt (self-powered)
3. Electronic (externally powered)

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Slide 5
overview
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Manual Valves
 Require
the control valve to be
turned on by hand
or may not use a flame
detection for safety (pilot light
with thermocouple)
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 May
include a thermostatic
function (thermostat bulb) to turn
burner on and off with changing
room temperature.
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 May
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Slide 6
overview
Millivolt valves
 Self-powered
system
 Require a continuous pilot
and thermopile
 The thermopile supplies enough voltage
(about a 1/2 volt) to energize a coil inside
the valve to open
 The millivolt system allows a separate
control device, such as a wall thermostat,
wireless remote control or wall switch to
operate the appliance
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Slide 7
overview
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Electronic valves
 By
definition, electronic valves use an
external power source, DC or AC
be remote controlled
without a separate control
module (latchtap)
 May include flame height
operation (vari-tap or Maxitrol GV34)
 Some systems also include electronic
ignition, using an automatic heat source
instead of a standing pilot for burner
ignition.
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 May
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Slide 8
overview
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Electronic Ignition
 There
are several types of electronic
ignition, categorized by the ignitor
type.
1. I.P.I. – intermittent pilot ignition
 Spark-to-pilot
ignition
– hot surface ignition (glow plug)
 H.W.I. – hot wire ignition (like H.S.I.)
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 H.S.I.
2. D.S.I. – direct spark ignition
(Direct ignition might also be HSI or HWI)
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Slide 9
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Electronic
Ignition History
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Slide 10
history
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Electronic Ignition Issues
Early
systems used furnace
technology – DSI or HSI & AC
Early systems were much
higher cost compared to
standing pilot systems - $500+
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Slide 11
history
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Electronic Ignition Problems
Early
systems not understood
by many of the service people
in the hearth industry
Early systems prone to some
heat transfer problems
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(things melted)
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Slide 12
history
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Electronic Ignition Problems
Early
systems had peculiarities
(example: polarity sensitive)
Early systems leaned towards
hot surface ignition – trouble
prone in the hearth
environment
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Slide 13
history
Electronic Ignition Past
only in markets where
law prohibited standing pilots
(decorative category)
Not all manufacturers
produced them
Early systems were dependent
on 110 VAC
Systems
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Slide 14
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Today’s
Electronic Ignition
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Slide 15
today
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Current Day Electronic Ignition
Most
manufacturers are using
some form of electronic ignition
There is a better understanding of
systems among hearth
professionals
Intermittent pilot types are most
prevalent
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Slide 16
today
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Current Day Electronic Ignition
AC
with battery back up is
available
Total battery operation is
available
Battery with manual override is
available (thermocouple)
AC with battery backup &
thermopile is available
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Slide 17
tomorrow
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The Future of Electronic Ignition
Consumer
demand – energy & cost
savings – standing pilot will burn $30+/per month when using propane (about
a litre per day)
Energy regulations may require
electronic ignition in the near future
Convenience – no bending down to
light pilot
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Slide 18
today
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Current Electronic Ignition
Gas Valves
Control Center
Ignition
Volts
Honeywell
Honeywell
I.P.I
24 AC
VCG
Ambient
I.P.I
6VDC/batt/TP
Maxitrol
Maxitrol
I.P.I/Manual 6VDC
Dexen
Dexen
I.P.I
3VAC/DC batt
American Flame
SkyTech
I.P.I.
6VDC/batt
SIT
SIT
I.P.I.
7VDC/6VDC
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. . . and more
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Slide 19
technical
Intermittent Pilot Ignition
or Spark-to-Pilot ignition
Also referred to as I.P.I.
A pilot lights first, and then
the burner lights
When the burner goes out,
the pilot goes out (unless on
continuous pilot)
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Slide 20
technical
Intermittent Pilot Ignition
The
system goes to retry if the
pilot goes out unexpectedly
This safety feature is made
possible by Flame Rectification
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(or other flame sense)
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Slide 21
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The Concept
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Slide 22
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technical
Pilot Burner
Flame Rod
Burner
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ignitor
PS
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Grounds (3)
I.P.I.
valve
switch -open
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control module
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Slide 23
technical
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1. Ignitor is powered
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PS
V
switch - closed
I.P.I.
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Slide 24
technical
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1. Ignitor is powered
Most
have a trial period, and
then the system will go to “lock
out”
Some older styles had a 3X try
rate, and then would go to lock
out
To reset the control, turn off &
back on or interrupt the power
(switch off, thermostat down then up)
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Slide 25
technical
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2. Pilot valve is powered & gas goes to pilot
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PS
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V
switch - closed
I.P.I.
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Slide 26
technical
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3. Pilot flame is sensed
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PS
V
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DCV
pilot v.
signal
switch - closed
I.P.I.
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Slide 27
technical
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Flame Rectification
Flame is a conductor of electricity
Zone
1 Excess fuel
(no combustion)
Zone 2 Combustion
area is ionized and
electrons flow
Zone 3 Excess Air
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Slide 28
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technical
4 X 1
Pilot Burner
Flame Rectification
• Flame conducts
electricity
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• Four+ times the
surface area
changes the
voltage from AC
to DC
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Flame Rod
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Slide 29
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technical
to illustrate . . .
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1
to
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Can you predict the score on this game?
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Slide 30
technical
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to illustrate . . .
Electrons moving from sensor to pilot head
(big target)
*
* *
*
*
*
* *
*
*
*
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*
Electrons moving from pilot head to sensor
(small target)
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Slide 31
technical
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Sensing the flame
Once
the pilot is proved (flame
rectification) the ignitor will cycle
off, the pilot stays burning
If the ignitor doesn’t quit and the
pilot is on, then there is a flame
sensing problem that must be
resolved.
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Slide 32
technical
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4. Main valve is powered and burner comes on
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PS
V
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DCV
switch - closed
I.P.I.
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Slide 33
technical
5.Pilot light goes out, burner goes out
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PS
V
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DCV
switch - closed
I.P.I.
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Slide 34
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technical
6. System Goes Into Relight Mode
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Pilot sensing starts over . . .
PS
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V
switch - closed
I.P.I.
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Can the sensor be faked out?
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Slide 35
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technical
Shorted Flame Rod to Pilot Hood
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PS
V
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DCV
AC
switch - closed
I.P.I.
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Now for D.S.I. . . .
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Slide 36
technical
Flame Rod
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Burner
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Ignitor
PS
V
D.S.I.
valve
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Grounds (3)
switch - open
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Control Center
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Slide 37
technical
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1.Spark ignition is initiated
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PS
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V
D.S.I.
switch - closed
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Slide 38
technical
2.Main burner gas is released
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PS
V
D.S.I.
switch - closed
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Slide 39
technical
3. Flame is sensed, gas stays on
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PS
V
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DCV
D.S.I.
switch - closed
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Slide 40
technical
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Control Center Operation
IPI
DSI
Initiate spark
Initiate spark
Open Pilot Gas
Open Main Gas
Proof of Pilot
Proof of Fire
Open Burner Gas
Safety Monitor
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Safety Monitor
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Slide 41
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Visual
Identification
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Slide 42
technical
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6 Volt DC
battery pack
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Power Supplies
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Slide 43
technical
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Power Supplies
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Battery Appliance
Cavity Mounted
6 Volt DC
(Maxitrol)
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Slide 44
technical
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Power Supplies
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Battery Back-up
Cavity Mounted
3 Volt DC
(Dexen)
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Slide 45
technical
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Power Supplies
Transformer
110 VAC
to 3 Volt AC
(Dexen)
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Slide 46
technical
Power Supplies
Transformer
110 VAC to 24 VAC
Black Wires
High Voltage Side
Screw Terminals
Low Voltage Side
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Slide 47
technical
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Transformer Construction
Transformer
110 VAC to 24 VAC
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Coloured Wires
Low Voltage Side
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Black and White Wires
High Voltage Side
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Slide 48
technical
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Electronic Controls
DEXEN I.P.I.
3 Volt AC
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AC adaptor
connection
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Slide 49
technical
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Electronic Controls
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Label on Dexen
control module
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Slide 50
technical
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Electronic Controls
“I” ignitor
connection
American Flame
6 Volt DC
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“S” flame sensor
connection
AC
adaptor
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Slide 51
technical
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VCG Control Module
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Slide 52
technical
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Sit ProFlame 1 DFC
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Slide 53
technical
SIT Proflame 1 wiring
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regulator
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(digital flame control)
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Slide 54
technical
SIT ProFlame 2 IFC
(integrated fireplace control)
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Slide 55
technical
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SIT ProFlame 2 IFC
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Slide 56
technical
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Electronic Controls
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Inside of a
Control
Module
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Slide 57
technical
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Typical Control Labeling
M(V)
Main valve
P(V)
C
S
I or IGN
TR
TH
V
L1
L2
G or GND
Pilot valve
Common (might be ground)
Sensor
Ignition (spark electrode)
Transformer
Thermostat
Valve
Hot 110v(black) lead
Neutral 110v (white) lead
Ground
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Slide 58
ignitors
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I.P.I.
Sense Rod
Spark Electrode
35,000 Volts
Pilot Burner
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Slide 59
ignitors
I.P.I.
Pilot
Burner
Nitride
Hot
Surface
Ignitor
24 VAC
6 Second
Warm Up
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Ground
Shield
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sensing
rod
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Slide 60
ignitors
I.P.I. – VCG
Pilot
Burner
Thermopile
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sensing
rod
ignitor
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Slide 61
ignitors
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IPI - VCG Pilot Assembly
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Slide 62
ignitors
D.S.I.
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Ground
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Ignitor
35,000 Volts
Flame Rod
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Slide 63
ignitors
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D.S.I.
Ground
Combination
Ignitor/ Flame Rod
35,000 Volts
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Slide 64
ignitors
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Spark Electrode
35.0000 Volts
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D.S.I.
Flame
Rod
Ground
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Slide 65
technical
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DSI wiring diagram
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Slide 66
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valves
Honeywell
Wire
Terminals
Regulator
Cover/Spring
Change
Out
Pressure
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Pilot Adjust
In Pressure
On/off
Control
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Slide 67
valves
Honeywell
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PV
COM
MV
Terminal
Labels
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Slide 68
valves
Robertshaw
Terminal
Detail
Regulator
Flip for Gas
Change
P
C
M
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Operator
Head
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On/Off
Control
Robertshaw I.P.I.
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Slide 69
valves
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Robertshaw valve detail
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On/Off
Control
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Slide 70
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valves
American Flame
Regulator Change
Turn Screw
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Flame
height
Servo
Motor
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Slide 71
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valves
gas rate set
screw
conversion
American
Flame
burner
pressure
convertible
regulator
Pilot
Terminal
incoming
pressure
Burner
Terminal
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pilot adjust
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Slide 72
valves
Maxitrol GV60
8-wire
connection
Pilot Adjustment
accessible thru
hole in “ON”
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Servo Motor
Connections
Flame
Adjustment
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Servo Motor
micro-switch
Manual
Override
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Slide 73
valves
Maxitrol GV60
Pressure
Taps
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Slide 74
valves
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Maxitrol GV60
Servo
Motor
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Slide 75
technical
Euro pilot assembly
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Battery
compartment
Maxitrol GV60
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AC adapter
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Slide 76
valves
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VCG signature command
“out”
pressure
Servo
Motor
pilot
adjust
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battery box
control
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Slide 77
valves
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Slide 78
valves
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Slide 79
technical
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VCG Wiring Diagram
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Slide 80
“In”
pressure
port
valves
DEXEN
“Out”
(manifold)
pressure
port
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High/Low
Flame
Control
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Slide 81
technical
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SIT PF2 IFC valve
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Slide 82
technical
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Wiring Harness
wires often
labeled
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Slide 83
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Troubleshooting
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Slide 84
troubleshooting
Operational issues
Won’t
light
Won’t stay lit
Special considerations for
Intermittent/continuous pilot
Pilot “on demand”
Anti-condensation setting
Cold weather mode
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Slide 85
troubleshooting
Operational issues
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especially when vertically vented
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Slide 86
troubleshooting
Operational issues
 In
the case of an aggressive vertical vent,
the pilot will light, proof, and the burner
will light, but the oxygen will be
immediately consumed, so the main
burner and pilot will weaken quickly and
the flame sense will be lost at the pilot.
 It will retry a few times, but eventually it will
go into lockout and will have to be reset.
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Slide 87
troubleshooting
Helpful Tip
If
the customer prefers not to
leave the pilot on continuously,
turning the pilot on 10-15
minutes before lighting the
main burner will prime the vent
system and alleviate some of
the glass condensation issues.
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Slide 88
troubleshooting
Gas valve/control damage
High
voltage (lightning,
jumper wires)
High Pressure
High water (flooded)
High temperature (no shield)
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Slide 89
technical
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Ignition Control Damage
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Slide 90
technical
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Digital multimeter
 Need
Direct Current volts.
down to millivolts(tc, tp)
 Need Alternating Current
volts (house current,
transformers)
 Need Ohms (resistance)
 Continuity is nice
 Rarely need Amps
(current), except for HSI
systems
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Slide 91
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troubleshooting
Isn’t technology great?
 Snap
a photo of a
correct setup before you
take it apart. You can
use it for reference when
you put it back together.
 Program all of the
manufacturers’ technical
help numbers into your
phone.
 Use a tablet to download
installation manuals in
the field (using your
phone “hotspot”).
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Slide 92
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troubleshooting
Testing Ignition Controls
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Proper “OUT” Voltage
to valves
Voltage
AC
T T
R H G S
I
G
N V
V
LED Flashes
Troubleshooting Code
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Proper “IN” Voltage
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Power supply
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Slide 93
troubleshooting
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Wire
Labels
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DEXEN
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Slide 94
troubleshooting
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Gas Control Valves
Pilot Gas
Terminal
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Gas Type
Marking
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Slide 95
troubleshooting
DEXEN
Remove to Test
Pilot Coil for
Continuity
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Slide 96
troubleshooting
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Testing Pilot Coil
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Continuity
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Ohms
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Slide 97
troubleshooting
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Gas Control Valves
Main Burner
Terminal
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Slide 98
technical
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Troubleshooting Check List
No spark?
 Check power (transformer or batteries)
 Check connections, esp. grounds
No pilot flame?
 Check gas pressure
 Check voltage at valve
No burner flame?
 Check connections again
 Check voltage at valve
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Slide 99
technical
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Troubleshooting Check List
No spark
Test
Correction
110v power
Voltage
Check
Transformer
Voltage
Replace
Spark
Location
Visual
Fix/Replace wire,
cracked electrode
Replace
Bad Control
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breaker/outlet/switch
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Slide 100
technical
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Troubleshooting Check List
NO Pilot Gas
Test
Correction
Wire Harness
Continuity
Fix/Replace
Voltage
Replace
Ignition Control
Pilot Coil
Continuity Replace Valve
Gas Flow
Pressure
Gas Flow
Visual
(lighter)
Gas Flow
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Turn on gas
clean orifice,
bleed air
All above Replace Valve
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Slide 101
troubleshooting
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Troubleshooting Check List
Ignitor keeps sparking
Test
Correction
Flame Rectification
Visual
Flame Contact
Flame Rod
Continuity
Replace
Ground connection
Continuity
Repair
Ignition Control
Switch
leads
Replace
Pilot assembly
Switch
leads
Clean/replace
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Slide 102
troubleshooting
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Troubleshooting Check List
NO Burner Gas
Main Valve wire
Test
Continuity
Correction
Fix/Replace
Ignition Control
Voltage
Replace
Burner Coil
Continuity
Replace Valve
Gas Flow
low “In” P
Supply Pres.
Gas Flow
No “Out” P
Replace Valve
Gas Flow
“Out” P
Tube/Orifice
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Slide 103
Summary
Electronic ignition is here to stay


Systems are getting better
Someday that may be all there is
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Electronic Ignition is simple, less
maintenance in some ways


Process of elimination finds most trouble quickly
Fewer pilot cleaning issues, TC or TP issues
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Embrace it! This is why you’re still in business



You keep up with technology
Customers trust you to know what you’re doing
This new technology helps you to keep your edge
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