MGT contact for the City and County of Denver
Reggie Smith
2123 Centre Pointe Blvd.
Tallahassee, Florida 32308
P: 850.386.3191
F: 850.385.4501
RSmith@mgtamer.com (E)
www.mgtofamerica.com (W)
Registered Apprenticeship Study for
The City and County Of Denver
Final Report
As submitted 12/31/12
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. E-1
E.1
E.2
E.3
E.4
E.5
E.6
1.0
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.1
1.2
1.3
2.0
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 2-1
Background........................................................................................................... 2-1
Construction Industry in the Denver MSA............................................................ 2-5
Registered Apprentices in the Denver MSA ......................................................... 2-9
Registered Apprenticeship Program Graduates ................................................. 2-13
Unions and Registered Apprentices ................................................................... 2-15
Conclusions......................................................................................................... 2-17
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ................................. 3-1
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
4.0
Background........................................................................................................... 1-1
Overview of Study Approach ................................................................................ 1-1
Report Organization ............................................................................................. 1-1
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA ............................................................ 2-1
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
3.0
Introduction.......................................................................................................... E-1
Findings for Registered Apprenticeship Availability ............................................. E-1
Findings for Registered Apprenticeship Utilization .............................................. E-2
Findings for Registered Apprenticeship Programs in Denver .............................. E-2
Findings for Survey of Registered Apprenticeship Program Sponsors ................. E-3
Findings for Programs to Encourage Registered Apprenticeship
Utilization in the United States ............................................................................. E3
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 3-1
Civil Rights Laws and Apprenticeship Programs ................................................... 3-1
Age Distribution of Registered Apprentices ......................................................... 3-2
Education Levels of Registered Apprentices ........................................................ 3-3
Race and Ethnicity of Registered Apprentices ..................................................... 3-5
Gender of Registered Apprentices ....................................................................... 3-9
Conclusions......................................................................................................... 3-10
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS............................... 4-1
4.1
4.2
4.3
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 4-1
Background........................................................................................................... 4-1
Apprentice Utilization on Denver Projects ........................................................... 4-4
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
PAGE
4.0
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS (Continued) .......... 4-1
4.4
4.5
5.0
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA................................... 5-1
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
6.0
Women and Minority Apprentice Utilization on Denver Projects ....................... 4-7
Conclusions......................................................................................................... 4-14
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 5-1
Background........................................................................................................... 5-1
Registered Apprenticeship Programs by Craft ..................................................... 5-3
Registered Apprenticeship Programs by Program Sponsor ................................. 5-4
Capacity of Registered Apprenticeship Programs ................................................ 5-5
Survey Results....................................................................................................... 5-7
Conclusions......................................................................................................... 5-16
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED STATES ............................... 6-1
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 6-1
Background........................................................................................................... 6-1
Local Government Apprenticeship Goals Programs............................................. 6-2
Other State and Local Government Apprenticeship Goals Programs .................. 6-3
Apprenticeship Utilization in Goals Programs ...................................................... 6-4
Conclusions........................................................................................................... 6-5
APPENDICES:
Appendix A: Background Data on Colorado Construction Industry
Appendix B: Web Survey of Registered Apprentices Program Sponsors
Appendix C: Complete Survey Responses
Appendix D: Complete List of Apprentice Crafts
Appendix E: Complete Apprentice Utilization Tables
Appendix F: State Apprenticeship Training Programs
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
E. 1
I NT RO D U CT I O N
In November 2011, MGT of America, Inc. (MGT), was retained to conduct a Registered Apprenticeship
Study of the City and County of Denver (City) to provide current data on the availability and utilization of
registered apprentices. In this chapter, MGT provides findings for the City. This study consisted of factfinding to analyze apprenticeship trends and practices for the study period from 2007 through 2011. The
results of this study and conclusions drawn are presented in detail in Chapters 2.0 through 6.0 of this
report.
E. 2
FI N D I N G S F O R RE GI ST E RE D A P P RE NTI C E S HI P AVAI LA BI LI T Y
Denver Construction Industry. Apprentices, nationally and in Denver, are primarily employed in
construction. Construction makes up about 5 percent of the Denver labor force. From the third quarter
of 2007 to the third quarter of 2011, construction jobs fell by 29,317 jobs, a 33.6 percent decline. While
the overall economy is not currently in a recession, construction employment in the Denver area is well
below pre-recession levels.
Number of Apprentices. The number of registered apprentices rose by 1,046, a 38.3 percent increase,
from 2007 to 2011. The average annual number of apprentices over the study period was 3,055. The
highest year was 2011, with 3,772 apprentices. The average annual number of construction-related
apprentices over the study period was 2,350.
Apprentices by Craft. The largest number of registered apprentices by far were in electrical crafts,
followed by plumbers, sheet metal workers, pipefitters, gas main fitters and carpenters. Over 34.3
percent of apprentices in 2011 were electrical. In 2011 about 63.3 percent of apprentices belonged to
six apprenticeship crafts (electrical, plumbers, sheet metal workers, pipefitters, gas main fitters). 1
Graduation from Apprenticeship. There were 2,156 individual graduates from registered apprenticeship
programs from 2007 to 2011, for an average of 431 a year. The highest number of graduates was 490, in
2010. The largest number of graduates by craft were electricians (535), sheet metal workers (188),
pipefitters (153) and plumbers (141).
Union Apprenticeships. There were 1,075 union apprentices in 2011, 28.5 percent of the apprentices in
the Denver MSA. The largest number of construction-related union apprentices were in electrical,
pipefitters, elevator constructors, sheet metal workers, plumbers, and gas utility workers.
Apprenticeship Demographics. Registered apprentices are young; 39.1 percent of registered
apprentices in the Denver MSA in 2011 were under twenty-five years of age. In terms of education, the
vast majority of registered apprentices had a High School education or greater. There has been a shift in
1
Apprentice carpenters declined significantly by 2011.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Executive Summary  December 28, 2012
1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
the composition of registered apprentices away from individuals who did not finish high school towards
individuals with some post secondary training.
The minority share of construction apprenticeships was close to their share of construction
employment. Minorities constituted about 30.2 percent of construction employment and 30.5 percent
of construction-related registered apprenticeships in 2011. In contrast, women accounted for 18
percent of construction employment and 2.2 percent of construction-related registered apprenticeships
in 2011.
E. 3 FI N D I N G S F O R RE GI ST E RED A P P RE NTI C E S HI P UT I LI ZAT I O N O N D E NV ER
P RO J E CT S
There were 539,398 total construction-related apprentice hours on City and County of Denver projects
over the study period. This was about 8.0 percent of total construction-related hours and about 4.8
percent of total hours on Denver projects. Over 86.0 percent of apprentices on Denver projects were in
electrical, plumbing, elevator constructors, pipefitters, plumbers and sheet metal workers. The crafts
accounted for more than 200,000 hours over the study period and bricklayers, carpenters, ironworkers
and painters accounted for less than 15 percent of apprenticeship hours.
Women were a very small percentage of construction-related apprentices, only 1.46 percent of
apprentice hours on Denver projects over the study period. Women apprenticed primarily in seven
crafts: electrical, elevator constructor, ironworker, millwright, plumber, pipefitter and sheet metal
worker. The highest female participation in absolute and percentage terms was in electrical, over 5,000
hours, about 2 percent of apprenticeship hours. Of those identified by race and ethnicity 48.2 percent
of apprentice hours were performed by Whites and 20.9 percent were Hispanics, a lower percentage
than the Hispanic percentage of construction-related labor hours.
E. 4
FI N D I N G S F O R RE GI ST E RED A P P RE NTI C ES HI P P RO G RA M S I N D E N VE R
Overall the number of registered apprenticeship programs ranged from 56 in 2010 to 44 in 2011.
Consistent with the data above, most of the apprenticeship programs are generally in construction and
nearly half are in electrical in particular. The Independent Electrical Contractors Association was the
largest program in 2011, with 551 apprentices. The top ten apprenticeship programs had 1,809
apprentices in 2011. Most apprenticeship programs are small, but there are several with more than one
hundred apprentices.
Based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau there were 115 technical and trade schools with 2,362
employees and a payroll of $82.0 million and fifteen apprenticeship training programs with 193
employees and $5.2 million in payroll in 2009 in the Denver MSA in 2009.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Executive Summary  December 28, 2012
2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
E. 5 FI N D I N G S F O R S U R V E Y O F R E GI STE RE D A P P RE NTI CE SHI P P RO G RA M
S PO NS O R S
The majority of respondents indicated it was relatively easy to recruit apprentices. The most important
screening tools were a drivers license and a high school degree. The principal barriers to entry into
registered apprenticeship programs were lack of interest and lack of a drivers license. The most
significant reported barriers for program sponsors were lack of jobs for apprentices and difficulty in
keeping apprentices in the program.
Nearly all the respondents were in long-established programs. None of the survey respondents stated
that they were planning to close their programs. They all stated that they intended for their programs to
remain or expand.
All of the programs collaborate with other workforce organizations. The most collaborations were
reported with community colleges and joint apprenticeship training funds. Only one respondent was a
member of the Denver Workforce Investment Board. All but one of the respondents reported placing
apprentices on Denver projects.
E. 6 FI N D I N G S F O R P RO G RA M S TO E N CO U R AG E RE GI ST E R E D
AP P RE NTI CE S HI P U T I LI ZAT I O N I N T HE U NI TE D STAT E S
There has been some growth in apprenticeship goals programs over the last ten years, primarily in
California, Oregon and Washington. While other states have allowed for such programs, California and
Washington have been the most aggressive. Apprenticeship goals programs are in fact widespread in
the state of California following the imposition of state apprenticeship hiring requirements.
Apprenticeship goals ranged between five and twenty percent of labor hours, with fifteen percent
apprentice utilization being the most common goal. Some agencies have achieved between 25 and 30
percent apprenticeship utilization. Some agencies have also added requirements for the use of local
apprentices and the use of women and minority apprentices.
The definition of apprentice varied, but generally government policies required some governmental
recognition of the apprenticeship program in order for the apprentices hours to satisfy the utilization
goals. There is no case law challenging apprenticeship goals programs which may change in the future
and result in the need for studies similar in scope to disparity studies.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Executive Summary  December 28, 2012
3
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1. 1 BA CK G RO U ND
In July 2011, the City and County of Denver (City) contracted with MGT of America, Inc., (MGT)
to conduct a Comprehensive Study of the Availability and Utilization of Registered Apprentices
in the Denver metropolitan statistical area (MSA).
1. 2 O V E RV I E W O F S T U D Y A P P RO AC H
MGT followed a carefully designed work plan that allowed study team members to fully analyze
availability and utilization with regard to registered apprentice participation. The work plan
consisted of, but was not limited to, the following major tasks:
 Establish data parameters and finalizing a work plan.
 Determine the availability of registered apprentices.
 Conduct utilization analysis of apprentices on Denver projects.
 Collect data on registered apprentice program sponsors.
 Survey registered apprentice program sponsors.
 Collect information on programs that promote the utilization of registered apprentices by
local governments similar in size to Denver.
 Prepare and present the final report for the study.
1. 3 RE PO RT O R GA NI Z A T I O N
In addition to this introductory chapter, this report consists of:
CHAPTER 2.0
Presents an overview of registered apprentices in the Denver metropolitan
statistical area (MSA).
CHAPTER 3.0
Presents an overview of demographic characteristics of registered
apprentices in the Denver MSA.
CHAPTER 4.0
Presents an overview of utilization of registered apprentices on Denver
projects.
CHAPTER 5.0
Presents an overview of registered apprenticeship programs in the Denver
MSA.
CHAPTER 6.0
Presents an overview of programs around the united states that promote
the utilization of registered apprentices.
CHAPTER 7.0
A summary of the findings presented in previous chapters.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 1.0  December 28, 2012
1
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
We recommend reading the report in its entirety to understand the basis for the findings and
conclusions presented in Chapter 7.0.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 1.0  December 28, 2012
2
2.0 REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE
DENVER MSA
2.0 - REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
This chapter presents the results of our analysis of the availability of registered apprentices in
the Denver metropolitan statistical area (MSA) for the period of 2007 through 2011. The
sections of Chapter 2.0 consist of the following:
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
Methodology
Background
Construction Industry in the Denver MSA
Registered Apprentices in the Denver MSA
Registered Apprenticeship Program Graduates
Unions and Registered Apprentices
Conclusions
2. 1 ME T H O D O LO GY
This section presents the methodology for the collection of data and analysis of apprentice
availability in the Denver MSA and on projects let by the City and County of Denver. 1
Apprenticeship data from the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) comes from special tabulations
from the U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship. The DOL data
is from 2007 to 2011. The data covers entry into apprenticeship, active apprentices, graduation
from apprenticeship, apprenticeship craft, demographics (age, gender, race, ethnicity),
educational levels of apprentices, and union status of apprenticeship programs.
The apprenticeship data is supplemented with local industry and employment data from the
U.S. Census Bureau, in particular, County Business Patterns, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Quarterly Workforce Indicators, and the Colorado Labor Market Information Gateway.
2. 2 BA CK G RO U ND
2.2.1
FITZGERALD ACT AND REGISTERED APPRENTICES
The primary federal law governing apprenticeship programs is the National Apprenticeship Act
(“Fitzgerald Act,” 29 U.S. Code 50), passed in 1937. The basic purpose of the Act was to
establish minimum standards for apprenticeship programs. The Fitzgerald Act led to the
formation of the Bureau of Apprenticeship Training (BAT) in the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL).
BAT was designed to set standards for apprenticeship programs. The Fitzgerald Act is currently
administered by the Employment and Training Administration (ETA) of the U.S. DOL.
1
The Denver MSA was defined as City and County of Denver, Arapahoe County, Jefferson County, Adams County,
Douglas County, City and County of Broomfield, Elbert County, Park County, Clear Creek County, and Gilpin County.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
1
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
The Fitzgerald Act is implemented through regulations in Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR) §§ 29.1 et seq. These regulations provide for registration of apprenticeship programs.
Regulations were revised in 1977 and in October 2008. The regulations now cover “labor
standards, policies, and procedures cover the registration, cancellation and deregistration or
apprenticeship programs and apprenticeship agreements; the recognition of a State agency as
the appropriate agency for registering local apprenticeship programs…” 2
The regulations under the Fitzgerald Act define an apprentice as “a worker at least 16 years of
age, except where a higher minimum age standard is otherwise fixed by law, who is employed
to learn an apprenticeable occupation as provided in § 29.4 under standards of apprenticeship
fulfilling the requirements of § 29.5.” 3
The Fitzgerald Act regulations also cover:
 Standards of apprenticeships, including: terms of apprenticeship, technical instruction,
probationary periods, transfers and interim credentials. 4
 Provisional approval of apprenticeship programs for one year, followed by either (1) full
recognition, (2) continued provisional approval, or (3) derecognition. 5
 Three approaches to apprenticeship: time-cased, competency-based, or combination of
the two.
.6
 Apprentice program performance standards
 Interim credentials for apprenticeships.
7
 Reciprocal approval for federal purposes of apprenticeship programs and standards that
are registered in other states. 8
 Recognition of State Apprenticeship Councils.
9
The Fitzgerald Act regulations also established rules for registered apprenticeship programs.
The Office of Apprenticeship registers apprenticeship programs in 25 states. BAT may elect to
delegate its approval power to states that have their own apprenticeship laws by recognizing a
State Apprenticeship Council (SAC). 29 CFR § 29.139(a) provides that:
The Department [of Labor] may exercise its authority to grant recognition to a State
Apprenticeship Agency. Recognition confers nonexclusive authority to determine whether an
apprenticeship program conforms to the published standards and whether the program is,
therefore, eligible for those Federal purposes which require such a determination by the
Department.
An apprenticeship program is considered to satisfy federal standards when it is registered with
either a SAC or BAT.
2
29 CFR 29.1.
29 CFR 29.2.
4
29 CFR 29.5.
5
29 CFR 29.3.
6
29 CFR 29.6.
7
29 CFR 29.5.
8
29 CFR 29.13.
9
29 CFR 29.13.
3
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
2
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
Colorado is in Registered Apprenticeship Region IV, headquartered in Dallas. Data and
information on registered apprentice programs in Colorado are discussed in Chapter 5.0.
The State of Colorado also has specific apprenticeship registration requirements for electricians
and plumbers. Colorado requires that an electrical apprentice must be registered as an
apprentice until receiving a license as a journeyman. 10 Similarly, an apprentice residential
wireman must be registered to work on nonresidential jobs. Failure to register results in loss of
credit for work experience. 11 The electrical contractor is required to notify the state of hiring
and termination of apprentices within 30 days. 12 Failure of electrical contractors to register
apprentices can result in fines of up to $2,000 per day. 13 An applicant for a journeyman
electrician’s license must document at least 288 hours of training during the last four years of
apprenticeship. 14 The failure of an apprentice to work under a licensed electrician and failure of
a licensed electrician to supervise an electrical apprentice can both result in fines of up to
$2,000 per day. 15
Colorado plumbing statutes also require plumbing apprentices be registered until they obtain a
Colorado plumber's license and plumbing contractors must notify the State and register all
apprentices within 30 days of their hire date. 16 Plumbing apprentices can only work under the
supervision of a licensed plumber and a plumber’s license may be revoked or suspended for
improper work of a plumbing apprentice done under the supervision of a licensed plumber. 17
There are several other state of Colorado rules that pertain to registered apprentices:
 Colorado law provides that an employee is disqualified from receiving unemployment
benefit if the employee quits the jobs, with some exceptions one of which is if “the
quitting of the job was required so as to comply with an employer's assignment under an
apprenticeship program that is in accordance with such programs registered with the
federal government.” 18 [emphasis added]
 Plumbers from other states are eligible for licensing by endorsement if, amongst other
conditions they have completed “a state or federally approved or registered
apprenticeship program, or completion of the required years and type of experience for
the comparable license.” 19 [emphasis added]
 A person applying for a license as a Conveyance mechanic must “i) Be registered with the
United States Department of Labor Office of Apprenticeship (USDOL) under specific
apprentice occupation categories assigned by the USDOL…” 20 [emphasis added]
10 Colo. Rev. Stat.§12-23-110.5(3) (a).
11 DORA, Electrical Board Licensing Requirements. Retrieved January 16, 2009, from
http://www.dora.state.co.us/electrical/requirements.htm
12 Colo. Rev. Stat.§12-23-110.5(3) (a).
13 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 12-23-110.5(3), § 12-23-118(1)(a)
14 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 12-23-106(2)(a)(III).
15 Colo. Rev. Stat.12-23-110.5(1), §12-23-110.5(1), §12-23-110.5(3)(b), § 12-23-118(1)(j)
16 Colo. Rev. Stat. §12-58-105(2).
17 Colo. Rev. Stat. §12-58-117.
18 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 8-73-108(4)(f).
19 3 CCR 720-3.5.A.
20
7 CCR 1101-8.xx2(i).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
3
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
2.2.2
NATIONAL DATA ON APPRENTICESHIPS
Nationally, while there are over 1,000 apprenticeable occupations, apprenticeship is dominated
by construction. One U.S. DOL study found that 36 percent of apprenticeship sponsors are in
construction. 21 Another study found that 69 percent of apprentices are in construction. 22
Exhibit 2-1 below shows the top 25 apprenticeship occupations in 2007. These 25 programs
accounted for over 80 percent of all the 292,000 people in registered apprenticeship programs
in that year. Twenty-one of the top 25 apprenticeship occupations were construction-related.
Almost 20 percent of the apprentices in this top 25 group were in electrical. Nearly half of the
people enrolled in these apprenticeship programs were in electrical, carpentry, plumbing,
pipefitters, and sheet metal workers.
EXHIBIT 2-1
TOP 25 APPRENTICESHIP OCCUPATIONS
RANKED BY TOTAL
UNITED STATES
SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
RANK
OCCUPATION
TOTAL
ACTIVE
ENROLLED
1
Electrician
45,609
2
Heavy Truck Driver
37,805
3
Carpenter
33,027
4
Plumber
18,578
5
Construction Craft Laborers
9,836
6
Pipe Fitter (construction)
9,542
7
Sheet Metal Worker
8,754
8
Structural-Steel Worker
8,659
9
Roofer
5,943
10
Elevator Constructor
5,746
11
Drywall Installers
5,541
12
Sprinkler Fitter
5,433
13
Operating Engineer
4,837
14
Painter (construction)
4,795
15
Boilermaker
4,089
16
Bricklayer (construction)
3,729
17
Millwright
3,185
18
Heating/Air-Conditioner- Installer
3,099
21
The Benefits and Challenges of Registered Apprenticeship: The Sponsors’ Perspective (Washington, DC: The Urban
Institute, March 2009).
22
I. Lynn and D. Mack, Improving Youth Transition Outcomes of Youth with Disabilities by Increasing Access to
Apprenticeship Opportunities, December 2008, at 11.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
4
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-1 (CONT.)
TOP 25 APPRENTICESHIP OCCUPATIONS
RANKED BY TOTAL
UNITED STATES
SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
RANK
OCCUPATION
TOTAL
ACTIVE
ENROLLED
19
Powerline Maintainer
3,087
20
Powerline Installer & Repairer
2,886
21
Insulation Worker
2,328
22
Correction Officer
2,290
23
Child Care Development Specialist
2,282
24
Cook (hospitality & cruise ship)
2,259
25
Cement Mason
2,240
Source: Improving Youth Transition Outcomes of Youth with Disabilities by
Increasing Access to Apprenticeship Opportunities, December 2008, at 11.
2. 3 CO NST R U CT I O N I N D U ST RY I N T HE D E NVE R M S A
Given that construction constitutes the bulk of registered apprentices and registered
apprenticeship programs, it is important to provide some background on the construction
industry in Denver. Additional information on the Denver construction industry is located in
Appendix A of this report. Exhibit 2-2 shows that construction was about 5 percent of
employment in the Denver MSA.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
5
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-2
DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYMENT
DENVER MSA
SECOND QUARTER 2011
62 Health Care and Social Assistance
44-45 Retail Trade
72 Accommodation and Food
Services
54 Professional, Scientific, and
Technical Services
61 Educational Services
56 Administrative and Support and
Waste Management and
Remediation Services
42 Wholesale Trade
52 Finance and Insurance
23 Construction
31-33 Manufacturing
92 Public Administration
51 Information
48-49 Transportation and
Warehousing
146,740
125,958
12.16%
10.44%
111,562
9.25%
106,899
92,109
8.86%
7.63%
85,909
67,990
66,290
60,343
59,432
54,237
49,515
7.12%
5.64%
5.49%
5.00%
4.93%
4.50%
4.10%
43,619
3.62%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Workforce Indicators, 2012
An important theme in the survey research for this report was the impact of the changes in the
construction market on apprenticeship (see Chapter 5.0). Exhibit 2-3 shows changes in
construction employment in Denver from 2007 through 2011. There has been a significant drop
in construction employment in the Denver area, as was typical across the United States,
following the beginning of the recession in 2008-09. From the third quarter of 2007 to the third
quarter of 2011, construction jobs fell by 29,317 jobs, a 33.6 percent decline. In contrast, total
employment in the Denver MSA fell by 4.2 percent over the same period (52,833 jobs). Thus,
over 55.4 percent of the overall decline in total employment was due to construction alone.
Construction fell from 6.9 percent to 4.8 percent of total employment in the Denver MSA during
this period. There is clearly a cyclical pattern in the data, with declines in the first quarter of
every year and increases in the second and third quarters. But while the overall economy is not
currently in a recession, construction employment in the Denver area was well below prerecession levels in the third quarter of 2011.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
6
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-3
CONSTRUCTION EMPLOYMENT, TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
DENVER MSA
THIRD QUARTER 2007 THROUGH THIRD QUARTER 2011
YEAR/
QUARTER
CONSTRUCTION
EMPLOYMENT
QUARTERLY
PERCENTAGE
CHANGE IN
CONSTRUCTION
EMPLOYMENT
TOTAL
EMPLOYMENT
QUARTERLY
PERCENTAGE
CHANGE IN
TOTAL
EMPLOYMENT
2007 3
87,190
5.70%
1,259,353
2.1%
2007 4
86,191
-1.10%
1,245,553
-1.1%
2008 1
76,438
-11.30%
1,215,390
-2.4%
2008 2
76,732
0.40%
1,238,909
1.9%
2008 3
79,502
3.60%
1,264,129
2.0%
2008 4
77,757
-2.20%
1,265,757
0.1%
2009 1
68,414
-12.00%
1,201,773
-5.1%
2009 2
64,695
-5.40%
1,175,120
-2.2%
2009 3
65,659
1.50%
1,169,347
-0.5%
2009 4
65,518
-0.20%
1,171,568
0.2%
2010 1
57,761
-11.80%
1,149,362
-1.9%
2010 2
57,320
-0.80%
1,185,887
3.2%
2010 3
59,548
3.90%
1,172,866
-1.1%
2010 4
59,387
-0.30%
1,153,402
-1.7%
2011 1
55,654
-6.30%
1,172,034
1.6%
2011 2
57,934
4.10%
1,194,191
1.9%
2011 3
57,873
-0.1%
1,206,520
1.0%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Workforce Indicators, 2012
Exhibit 2-4 shows the numbers and size distribution of construction firms in the Denver MSA.
The size of construction firms is an important factor in the ability of firms to satisfy any
apprenticeship requirements that may be considered. Overall there were 16,546 construction
establishments in the Denver area in 2008. About 80 percent the Denver construction
establishments were small, having less than ten employees. Over 10,481 of these
establishments (63.3%) had less than five employees. Only 470 establishments, 2.9 percent of
the total, had more than 100 employees.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
7
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-4
SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CONSTRUCTION ESTABLISHMENTS, DENVER MSA, 2008
SIZE
CATEGORY
NUMBER OF
ESTABLISHMENTS
PERCENTAGE
1: Total
16,546
2: 1-4
10,481
63.3%
3: 5-9
2,760
16.7%
4: 10-19
1,576
9.5%
5: 20-99
1,259
7.6%
224
1.4%
7: <500
16,300
98.5%
8: 500+
246
1.5%
6: 100-499
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1989-2009 Business
Information Tracking Series.
Exhibit 2-5 shows the net contraction of construction establishments during the 2008-09
recession. Overall there was a net reduction of 1,627 establishments, 9.9 percent of the number
of construction establishments with less than 500 employees. For firms with less than 500
employees there were 3,409 establishments (20.9 percent) that went out of business in 2009
and 5,194 establishments (31.8 percent) that contracted their business operations.
EXHIBIT 2-5
CHANGES IN CONSTRUCTION ESTABLISHMENTS
DENVER MSA
2008 THROUGH 2009
ENTERPRISE
EMPLOYMENT
SIZE
NET CHANGE ESTABLISHMENTS
ESTABLISHMENT
BIRTHS (#)
ESTABLISHMENT
DEATHS (#)
ESTABLISHMENT
EXPANSIONS (#)
ESTABLISHMENT
CONTRACTIONS
(#)
1: Total
-1,627
1,800
3,427
2,757
5,324
2: 1-4
-1,387
1,535
2,922
1,516
1,621
3: 5-9
-176
149
325
540
1,495
4: 10-19
-32
66
98
314
1,039
5: 20-99
-30
24
54
268
885
6: 100-499
-2
8
10
45
154
7: <500
-1,627
1,782
3,409
2,683
5,194
8: 500+
0
18
18
74
130
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1989-2009 Business Information Tracking Series.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
8
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
2. 4 RE GI ST E RE D A P P RE NTI CE S I N TH E D E N VE R MS A
2.4.1
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS
Exhibit 2-6 below provides data on the number of registered apprentices in the Denver MSA
from 2007 to 2011. The average annual number of apprentices over the study period was
3,055. The highest year was 2011, with 3,772 apprentices. The number of registered
apprentices rose by 1,046, a 38.3 percent increase from 2007 to 2011. However, 2008 and 2009
apprenticeship levels were below 2007 levels, in all likelihood due to the 2008-09 recession.
These apprenticeship numbers cannot be added up across years because many apprentices stay
in programs for multiple years.
EXHIBIT 2-6
NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
DENVER MSA, 2007 THROUGH 2011
YEAR
NUMBER OF REGISTERED
APPRENTICES
ANNUAL PERCENTAGE
CHANGE IN NUMBER OF
REGISTERED APPRENTICES
2007
2,726
NA
2008
3,218
18.0%
2009
2,563
-20.4%
2010
2,996
16.9%
2011
3,772
25.9%
Average
3,055
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship,
Special Tabulations.
Exhibit 2-7 below provides data on the number of construction-related registered apprentices in
the Denver MSA from 2007 to 2011. The average annual number of these apprentices over the
study period was 2,350. The highest year was 2011, with 2,893 apprentices; the lowest year
was 2009. The number of registered apprentices rose by 639, a 28.3 percent increase, from
2007 to 2011.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
9
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-7
NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
MAJOR CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
DENVER MSA, 2007 THROUGH 2011
YEAR
NUMBER OF REGISTERED
APPRENTICES
ANNUAL PERCENTAGE
CHANGE IN NUMBER OF
REGISTERED APPRENTICES
2007
2,254
NA
2008
2,434
8.0%
2009
1,931
-20.7%
2010
2,239
16.0%
2011
2,893
29.2%
Average
2,350
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship,
Special Tabulations.
2.4.2
REGISTERED APPRENTICES BY CRAFT
There were 127 different crafts that had an apprenticeship program during the study period. A
complete list of those crafts are located in Appendix D. Major construction-related crafts are
reported in Exhibit 2-8, ranked by average number of apprentices per year. Again these
numbers cannot be added together across years. The largest number of registered apprentices
by far were in electrical crafts, followed by plumbers, sheet metal workers, pipefitters, gas main
fitters, and carpenters.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
10
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-8
NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
IN SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
DENVER MSA, 2007 TO 2011
OCCUPATION
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
AVERAGE
Electrician *
726
841
832
968
1,292
932
Plumber
150
203
220
206
219
200
Sheet Metal Worker
135
147
132
164
227
161
Pipe Fitter (Const)**
122
141
128
141
221
151
Gas-Main Fitter
122
141
128
141
221
151
Carpenter
369
216
41
61
62
150
Structural Steel/Ironworker
179
172
37
41
102
106
Elevator Constructor
31
138
91
89
88
87
Line Repairer ***
63
78
59
82
106
78
Operating Engineer
71
79
47
68
73
68
Roofer
38
48
25
54
38
41
Electrician, Substation
29
38
32
43
44
37
Construction Craft Laborer
51
55
19
26
34
37
Boilermaker I
63
24
10
26
25
30
Glazier
35
18
23
21
30
25
Bricklayer (Construction)
0
9
32
33
32
21
Cabinet Maker
14
16
19
23
31
21
Insulation Workers
20
31
17
14
12
19
Painter (Const)
11
9
12
7
9
10
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
*includes residential electrical wireman.
**includes sprinkler fitter.
***includes line erector, line maintainer.
Exhibit 2-9 shows the share of apprenticeships of the top seven occupations in 2011. Over 34.3
percent of apprentices in 2011 were electrical. About 63.4 percent of apprentices belonged to
these seven apprenticeships out of the total of 127 crafts.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
11
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-9
PERCENT OF OVERALL REGISTERED APPRENTICES
SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED APPRENTICES
DENVER MSA 2011
% OF
OVERALL
OCCUPATION
Electrician
34.3%
Sheet Metal Worker
6.0%
Pipe Fitter (Const)
5.9%
Gas-Main Fitter
5.9%
Plumber
5.8%
Line Repairer
2.8%
Structural Steel/Ironworker
2.7%
Total
63.4%
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration,
Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
Exhibit 2-10 shows the growth in registered apprentices for selected crafts. The most significant
growth was amongst electricians, who grew from 726 to 1,292, almost a 78 percent increase.
EXHIBIT 2-10
PERCENT GROWTH OF OVERALL REGISTERED APPRENTICES
SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED APPRENTICES
DENVER MSA 2011
%
CHANGE
ABSOLUTE
GROWTH
Electrician
78.0%
566
Pipe Fitter (Const)
81.1%
99
Gas-Main Fitter
81.1%
99
Sheet Metal Worker
68.1%
92
Plumber
46.0%
69
Elevator Constructor
183.9%
57
Line Repairer
68.3%
43
CRAFT
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of
Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
Exhibit 2-11 below shows the crafts that declined. Carpentry fell the most, going from 369
apprentices in 2007 to 62 apprentices in 2011 (See Exhibit 2-8).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
12
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-11
PERCENT DECLINE OF OVERALL REGISTERED APPRENTICES
SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED APPRENTICES
DENVER MSA
2007 THROUGH 2011
%
CHANGE
ABSOLUTE
DECLINE
Construction Craft Laborer
-33.3%
-17
Structural Steel/Ironworker
-43.0%
-77
Boilermaker I
-60.3%
-38
Carpenter
-83.4%
-307
CRAFT
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of
Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
2. 5 RE GI ST E RE D A P P RE NTI CE SHI P P RO G RA M GR AD UA TE S
Exhibit 2-12 shows that 2,156 individual graduated from registered apprenticeship programs
from 2007 to 2011, for an average of 431 a year. The highest number of graduates was 490, in
2010.
EXHIBIT 2-12
GRADUATES OF
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA 2007 THROUGH 2011
YEAR
TOTAL
% CHANGE
2007
383
N/A
2008
470
22.7%
2009
418
-11.1%
2010
490
17.2%
2011
395
-19.4%
2007-2011
2,156
-
Source: U.S. Employment and Training
Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special
Tabulations.
Exhibit 2-13 breaks down apprenticeship graduates by craft for 2011. There were 367
construction-related apprenticeship graduates in 2011. Only nine crafts were in double digits.
These nine crafts constituted almost 74 percent of the apprenticeship graduates in 2011, 292 in
total. As would be expected, electricians were the largest number of graduates, 100 in 2011,
25.3 percent of total graduates.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
13
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-13
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP GRADUATES
BY SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFT
DENVER MSA, 2011
OCCUPATION TITLE
NUMBER
PERCENT
Electrician
100
25.3%
Sheet Metal Worker
59
14.9%
Plumber
25
6.3%
Pipe Fitter (Const.)
23
5.8%
Structural Steel/Ironworker
23
5.8%
Carpenter
22
5.6%
Line Erector
15
3.8%
Electrician, Substation
13
3.3%
Gas Utility Worker
12
3.0%
Elevator Constructor
8
2.0%
Powerhouse Mechanic
7
1.8%
Operating Engineer
6
1.5%
Construction Craft Laborer
5
1.3%
Glazier
5
1.3%
Electric Meter Repairer
4
1.0%
Electrician, Powerhouse
3
0.8%
Floor Layer
3
0.8%
Line Repairer
3
0.8%
Painter (Const.)
3
0.8%
Power-Plant Operator
3
0.8%
Insulation Worker
2
0.5%
Line Installer-Repairer
2
0.5%
Gas-Regulator Repairer
1
0.3%
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship,
Special Tabulations.
Exhibit 2-14 shows graduates of a smaller set selected construction-related crafts by year from
2007 to 2011, along with the average number of graduates per year. These crafts totaled 1,385
over the study period, 64.2 percent of the total number of graduates. Electricians averaged the
highest number of graduate per year, with 107, followed by sheet metal workers (38) and
plumbers (28).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
14
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-14
GRADUATES BY SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS, BY YEAR
DENVER MSA, 2011
CATEGORY
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
TOTAL
AVERAGE
Electrician
Sheet Metal Worker
89
37
84
23
103
40
159
29
100
59
535
188
107
38
Plumber
Pipe Fitter (Const)
Carpenter
Structural Steel/Ironworker
Operating Engineer
Construction Craft Laborer
27
25
40
9
13
11
31
35
25
17
17
17
21
26
7
13
22
21
37
44
12
29
20
6
25
23
22
23
6
5
141
153
106
91
78
60
28
31
21
18
16
12
Glazier
4
2
12
10
5
33
7
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
2. 6 U NI O NS A ND R E GI S TE RE D A PP RE NT I CE S
Data on union representation in the Denver MSA was not available for this report. Overall,
about 9.3 percent of workers in the state of Colorado in 2011 were represented by unions, as
compared to 13.0 percent of workers nationally (Exhibit 2-15).
EXHIBIT 2-15
2011 UNION REPRESENTATION
COLORADO AND THE UNITED STATES
(1=1,000)
REGION
U.S. Average 2011
Colorado Average 2011
TOTAL
EMPLOYED
MEMBERS OF UNIONS
REPRESENTED BY UNIONS
TOTAL
% EMPLOYED
TOTAL
% EMPLOYED
125,187
14,764
11.8%
16,290
13.0%
2,186
179
8.2%
203
9.3%
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012.
There was also no data on union membership in construction in the Denver MSA. However, a
2008 study reported that there were 27,029 members of construction unions in Colorado in
2006, about 16 percent of construction employment at the time. 23 As can be seen in Exhibit 216, the largest crafts, as measured by numbers of union members, were carpenters, crane
operators, laborers, plumbers, and electricians.
23
M. Nobe and M. Linke, Economic Impacts of the Construction Industry on the State of Colorado, 2008, 40.
http://cospl.coalliance.org/fedora/repository/co:3875/ucsu5582c762008internet.pdf
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
15
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-16
NUMBER OF MEMBERS OF CRAFT UNIONS
COLORADO
2006
CRAFT
NUMBER OF
MEMBERS
Carpenters
5,761
Crane operators
4,000
Laborers (building)
3,500
Pipefitters/plumbers
3,386
Electricians
2,450
Painters
1,740
Cement masons
1,700
Sheet metal workers
1,141
Ironworkers (structural)
982
Bricklayers
846
Boilermakers
800
Millwrights
400
Insulators
250
Plasterers
200
Elevator constructors
179
Lathers
130
Teamsters
125
Roofers
75
Glaziers
75
Source: Economic Impacts of the Construction
Industry on the State of Colorado, 2008.
There were 1,075 union apprentices in 2011, 28.5 percent of the apprentices in the Denver
MSA. (This figure includes union apprentices in non-construction-related crafts, such as fire
medics.) The largest number of construction-related union apprentices were in electrical,
pipefitters, elevator constructors, sheet metal workers, plumbers, and gas utility workers
(Exhibit 2-17).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
16
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 2-17
NUMBER OF UNION REGISTERED APPRENTICES
SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
2011
Electrician
147
Pipe Fitter (Const.)
143
Elevator Constructor
132
Sheet Metal Worker
118
Plumber
83
Gas Utility Worker
68
Source: U.S. Employment and Training
Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special
Tabulations.
2. 7 CO NC L USI O N S
Overall there was a growth in the number of registered apprentices in the Denver MSA. As is
the case nationally, most registered apprentices were in construction-related crafts and
electrical was the most dominant construction-related craft for apprentices. The construction
industry, however, has been in a long-term job slump in Denver, and nationally. Union
apprentices are less than 30 percent of registered apprentices.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 2.0  December 28, 2012
17
3.0 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
3.0 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED
APPRENTICES
This chapter presents the results of our analysis of demographic characteristics of registered
apprentices in the Denver area in the period of 2007 through 2011. The sections of Chapter 3.0
consist of the following:
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Methodology
Civil Rights Laws and Apprenticeship Programs
Age Distribution of Registered Apprentices
Education Levels of Registered Apprentices
Race and Ethnicity of Registered Apprentices
Gender of Registered Apprentices
Conclusions
3. 1 ME T H O D O LO GY
This section presents the methodology for the collection of data and analysis of apprentice
utilization in the Denver metropolitan statistical area (MSA) and on projects awarded by the City
and County of Denver.
As in Chapter 2.0 above, the U.S. DOL data comes from special tabulations from the U.S.
Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship. The data is from 2007 to
2011. The apprenticeship data is supplemented with local industry and employment data from
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI).
3. 2 CI V I L RI G HT S LA W S A ND A P PR EN TI CE S HI P P RO G R A MS
Apprenticeship programs have long been covered by federal civil rights laws. Title VII of the
1964 Civil Rights Act provides as follows:
It shall be an unlawful employment practice for any employer, labor organization, or
joint labor-management committee controlling apprenticeship or other training or
retraining, including on-the-job training programs to discriminate against any
individual because of his race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in admission to, or
employment in, any program established to provide apprenticeship or other training. 1
Federal law requires that sponsors of apprenticeship programs adopt a “written affirmative
action plan.” 2
1
2
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(d) (1995).
29 C.F.R. § 30.4(a) (2004).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
1
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
The City and County of Denver also has laws governing discrimination in apprenticeships.
Denver ordinances provide that it is illegal,
(4) By an employer, employment agency, apprenticeship program, labor organization
or joint labor/management council:
a. To discriminate against any individual in admission to or employment in any
program established to provide apprenticeship or other training or retraining, including
an on-the-job training program; but with regard to a disability, it is not a
discriminatory or an unfair employment practice to deny or withhold the right to be
admitted to or participate in any such program if there is no reasonable
accommodation that can be made with regard to the disability, the disability actually
disqualifies the applicant from the program and the disability has a significant impact
on participation in the program; and
b. To communicate, print or publish or cause to be communicated, printed or published
any notice or advertisement or use any publication form relating to employment by
such employer or to membership in or any classification or referral for employment by
such a labor organization or to any classification or referral for employment by such an
employment agency indicating any preference, limitation, specification or distinction
based on the race, color, religion, national origin, gender, age, sexual orientation,
gender variance, marital status, military status or physical or mental disability of any
individual. (emphasis added) 3
3. 3 A G E D I ST RI B UT I O N OF RE GI STE RED AP P RE NTI CE S
Exhibit 3-1 shows the age distribution of the construction workforce in the Denver MSA for 2010
to 2011. Over 74.1 percent of construction workforce was between the age of 25 and 54. After
age 54 there is a sharp drop off with only 13.6 percent of construction workers being between
55 and 64 years of age. Only 3.5 percent are still at work in construction after the normal
retirement age of 65.
As would be expected, registered apprentices are young; 39.1 percent of registered apprentices
in the Denver MSA in 2011 were under twenty-five years of age (Exhibit 3-1). The largest group
was ages 25-34, constituting 39.9 percent of apprentices in 2011.
3
Denver Code Sec. 28-93(a)(4)a. - Discriminatory practices in employment.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
2
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
EXHIBIT 3-1
AGE DISTRIBUTION OF CONSTRUCTION WORKFORCE, REGISTERED APPRENTICES
DENVER MSA, 2010 THROUGH 2011
AGE
CONSTRUCTION
WORKFORCE
REGISTERED
APPRENTICES
14-18
1.2%
4.1%
19-21
2.8%
16.4%
22-24
4.7%
18.6%
25-34
24.3%
39.9%
35-44
25.0%
14.3%
45-54
24.8%
5.8%
55-64
13.6%
0.9%
65-99
3.5%
0.0%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, QWI, U.S. Employment and Training Administration,
Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
3. 4 E D U CA T I O NA L L E V E L S O F RE GI STE R E D A P P RE NTI CE S
Exhibit 3-2 shows data on the educational level of the construction workforce in the Denver
MSA from the second quarter of 2010 to the second quarter of 2011. As shown in the exhibit
the largest group of construction workers had some college or associates degree (32.1%). Over
61.7 percent of construction workers in the Denver MSA had a high school degree or some
college. About 18.2 percent of construction workers had less than a high school degree.
EXHIBIT 3-2
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
CONSTRUCTION WORKFORCE
DENVER MSA, 2010 THROUGH 2011
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
NUMBER
PERCENT
Less than HS
9,680
18.2%
HS or equivalent
15,707
29.6%
Some college/associates
17,055
32.1%
BA or greater
10,630
20.0%
Total
53,072
-
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, QWI.
The largest sector in educational background of registered apprentices was High School or
greater (Exhibit 3-3). The number who did not finish high school declined from 307 to 164, a
decline from 11.3 percent of the total to 4.4 percent of the total. In contrast the number and
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
3
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
percent of registered apprentices with post secondary or technical training increased from 2 (0.1
% of the total) in 2007 to 599 (13.6% of the total) in 2011. The proportion of registered
apprentices that finish high school or held a General Education Development (GED) degree
remained relatively stable over the study period, ranging from 81.5 percent to 83.8 percent.
EXHIBIT 3-3
DISTRIBUTION OF EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
DENVER MSA, 2007 THROUGH 2011
EDUCATIONAL
LEVEL
2007
%
2008
%
2009
%
2010
%
2011
%
</= 8th
56
2.1%
42
1.3%
7
0.3%
12
0.4%
12
0.3%
9-12th
251
9.2%
177
5.5%
124
5.0%
139
4.7%
152
4.1%
1,689
62.0%
1,950
61.1%
1,468
59.1%
1,703
58.0%
2,201
59.7%
583
21.4%
724
22.7%
613
24.7%
690
23.5%
812
22.0%
2
0.1%
282
8.8%
258
10.4%
382
13.0%
500
13.6%
145
5.3%
15
0.5%
13
0.5%
12
0.4%
12
0.3%
2,726
100%
3,190
100%
2,483
100%
2,938
100%
3,689
100%
HS >
GED
Post Sec. or
TechTraining
Unknown
Total
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
There has been a shift in the composition of registered apprentices away from individuals who
did not finish high school towards individuals with some post-secondary training. This can be
seen more clearly in Exhibit 3-4 below. In absolute terms the number of registered apprentices
with less than or equal to a 8th grade education fell 78.6 percent and those with some high
school fell 39.4 percent. Those individuals with a high school degree or GED grew 30.3 percent
and 39.3 percent respectively, while those with technical education grew significantly.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
4
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
EXHIBIT 3-4
NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN
EDUCATIONAL LEVELS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES,
DENVER MSA, 2007 THROUGH 2011
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
INCREASE/DECREASE
% CHANGE
<=8th
-44
-78.6%
9-12th
-99
-39.4%
HS or greater
512
30.3%
GED
229
39.3%
Post Sec or TechTraining
498
24,900.0%
Unknown
-133
-91.7%
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of
Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
3. 5 RA CE A ND E T H N I CI T Y O F RE GI ST ER ED A P P RE NTI CE S
Exhibit 3-5 shows the population distribution for women and minorities in the Denver MSA. As
would be expected women were about half the population. Minorities were nearly a third of
the Denver MSA. The largest minority ethnic group in 2009 was Hispanics with 22.4 percent of
the total population and over 67.6 percent of the minority population.
EXHIBIT 3-5
POPULATION
RACE/ETHNICITY/GENDER
DENVER MSA, JULY 2009
RACE/ETHNICITY
POPULATION
%
Black
150,784
5.9%
Hispanic
570,472
22.4%
Asian Pacific
95,155
3.7%
American Indian
Minority
Population
Women*
26,991
1.1%
843,402
33.0%
1,272,272
49.9%
Total Population
2,552,195
Source: U.S. Census.
*all races, ethnicities
As noted above, the prime demographic group for apprenticeships are people aged 18-34 with a
high school degree and some college. In 2011 women and minorities in the Denver MSA made
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
5
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
up a higher proportion of this age-demographic group than in the labor force as a whole.
Women were 54.4 percent and minorities are 37.5 percent, respectively, of this age
demographic (Exhibit 3-6).
EXHIBIT 3-6
INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGH SCHOOL DEGREE, ASSOCIATES DEGREE, OR SOME COLLEGE
AGES 18-34 BY RACE/ETHNICITY/GENDER
DENVER MSA, 2011
RACE/ETHNICITY
%
Hispanic
26.0%
Black
6.9%
Asian
3.5%
American Indian and Alaska Native
1.1%
Total Minority
37.5%
Women
54.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community
Survey, 2011.
Exhibit 3-7 shows the distribution of the workforce as a whole for women and minorities in the
Denver MSA, regardless of business area. Overall women of all ethnicities and genders were
almost half the workforce, 48.8 percent. Minorities were over a quarter of the workforce, 26.3
percent, a figure less than the minority share of the population. The largest minority ethnic
group was Hispanics with 16.1 percent of the total workforce and over 61 percent of the
minority workforce.
EXHIBIT 3-7
EMPLOYMENT
RACE/ETHNICITY/GENDER
DENVER MSA, 2ND QUARTER 2010 THROUGH 2ND QUARTER 2011
RACE/ETHNICITY/GENDER
NUMBER
PERCENT
Hispanic
188,287
16.1%
Black
61,349
5.2%
Asian American
43,412
3.7%
Hawaiian/Pacific
2,438
0.2%
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
6
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
EXHIBIT 3-7 (CONT.)
EMPLOYMENT
RACE/ETHNICITY/GENDER
DENVER MSA, 2ND QUARTER 2010 THROUGH 2ND QUARTER 2011
RACE/ETHNICITY/GENDER
NUMBER
PERCENT
Native American
12,731
1.1%
Total Minority
308,217
26.3%
Women*
572,912
48.8%
All
1,173,123
Source: U.S. Census, QWI.
Exhibit 3-8 shows the race and ethnic distribution of average number of construction employees
in Denver from the second quarter of 2010 to the second quarter of 2011. There were 17,607
Minorities in the construction industry from the second quarter of 2010 to the second quarter of
2011, were 30.2 percent of total construction employment during the period. Thus, minorities
held a greater share of construction employment than their share of employment as a whole.
The largest group was Hispanics with 24.2 percent of construction employment and 80.7
percent of minority construction employment. However, Hispanic construction fell, as did
construction employment generally. Hispanic construction employment fell from 20,180 in the
second quarter of 2007 to 14,103 in the second quarter of 2011, a 30.1 percent decline.
Average monthly earnings for minorities were generally 80 percent of the industry average.
Average monthly earnings of new hires in construction for minorities were generally about 85
percent of the industry average.
EXHIBIT 3-8
CONSTRUCTION EMPLOYMENT
RACE AND ETHNICITY
DENVER MSA, 2ND QUARTER 2010 THROUGH 2ND QUARTER 2011
NATIVE
AMERICAN
TOTAL
%
HAWAIIAN/
PACIFIC ISL.
TOTAL
%
TOTAL
ALL
GROUPS
TOTAL
%
TOTAL
%
TOTAL
%
Total Employment
58,179
14,103
24.2%
1,455
2.5%
1,069
1.8%
845
1.5%
135
0.2%
New Hires
11,848
3,711
31.3%
530
4.5%
220
1.9%
276
2.3%
35
0.3%
Separations
15,708
4,770
30.4%
622
4.0%
326
2.1%
336
2.1%
47
0.3%
Avg Monthly Earnings
$4,321
$3,374
78.1%
$3,364
77.8%
$3,523
81.5%
$3,522
81.5%
$3,469.75
80.3%
Avg New Hire Earnings
$3,387
$2,878
85.0%
$2,876
84.9%
$2,898
85.6%
$2,973
87.8%
$3,011.25
88.9%
EMPLOYMENT
CATEGORY
HISPANIC
BLACK
ASIAN
Source: U.S. Census Bureau QWI.
*All Hispanics are treated as Hispanics, regardless of race
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
7
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
Exhibit 3-9 shows the distribution of registered apprentices by race and ethnicity. Non-Hispanic
whites were the largest ethnic category, averaging 62.7 percent of registered apprentices over
the study period. Hispanics of all races were the next largest ethnic groups, averaging 24.8
percent of registered apprentices over the study period. Hispanics declined as a percentage of
registered apprentices from 28.7 percent in 2007 to 22.5 percent in 2011. However, Hispanics
grew in absolute terms from 2007 to 2011 (Exhibit 3-10). African Americans averaged 5.8
percent of registered apprentices over the study period.
When compared to their share of employment it can be seen that minorities averaged a higher
share of registered apprentices than their share of employment (see Exhibit 3-7).
EXHIBIT 3-9
NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES, BY RACE AND ETHNICITY
DENVER MSA, 2007-2011
RACE/ETHNICITY
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Hispanic*
#
781
%
28.7%
#
827
%
25.7%
#
607
%
23.7%
#
697
%
23.3%
#
847
%
22.5%
Black
173
6.3%
196
6.1%
135
5.3%
169
5.6%
207
5.5%
Asian
18
0.7%
26
0.8%
30
1.2%
24
0.8%
32
0.8%
Native American
66
2.4%
76
2.4%
61
2.4%
66
2.2%
101
2.7%
Hawaiian
8
0.3%
14
0.4%
13
0.5%
14
0.5%
17
0.5%
Minority
1,046
38.4%
1,139
35.4%
846
33.1%
970
32.4%
1,204
32.0%
White
1,664
61.0%
2,024
62.9%
1,641
64.0%
1,889
63.1%
2,365
62.7%
16
0.6%
55
1.7%
76
3.0%
137
4.6%
203
5.4%
2,726
100%
3,218
100.0%
2,563
100%
2,996
100%
3,772
100%
Unknown
Total
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
*All Hispanics are treated as Hispanics, regardless of race
EXHIBIT 3-10
INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
BY RACE AND ETHNICITY
DENVER MSA, 2007 THROUGH 2011
RACE/ETHNICITY
Black
Hispanic
Asian
Hawaiian
Native American
White
INCREASE IN
NUMBER OF
REGISTERED
APPRENTICES
34
66
14
9
35
701
% GROWTH
19.7%
8.5%
77.8%
112.5%
53.0%
42.1%
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of
Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
8
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
Overall minorities were 30.5 percent of construction-related registered apprenticeships in 2011
(Exhibit 3-11). This is about the same share of minorities in construction employment (30.2 %)
(see Exhibit 3-8).
EXHIBIT 3-11
NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF CONSTRUCTION-RELATED
REGISTERED APPRENTICES, BY RACE AND ETHNICITY
DENVER MSA, 2007-2011
RACE/ETHNICITY
NUMBER
%
Hispanic
669
23.6%
Black
88
3.1%
Asian
19
0.7%
Native American
76
2.70%
Hawaiian
14
0.5%
Minority
866
30.5%
1,771
62.5%
White
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of
Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
3. 6 GE ND E R O F RE G I ST E RED A P P RE NTI CE S
There were 10,465 women in construction in the year leading up to the second quarter of 2011,
18.0 percent of total construction employment (Exhibit 3-12). Women had lower average
monthly earnings in construction, both as employees and as new hires.
EXHIBIT 3-12
CONSTRUCTION EMPLOYMENT BY GENDER
DENVER MSA, 2ND QUARTER 2010 THROUGH 2ND QUARTER 2011
EMPLOYMENT
TOTAL
WOMEN
PERCENT
Total Employment
58,179
10,465
18.0%
Net Job Flows
1,321
119
9.0%
Separations
15,708
2,548
16.2%
Average Monthly Earnings
$4,321.25
$3,494.25
80.9%
Average New Hire Earnings
$3,386.75
$2,682.00
79.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, QWI.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
9
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
Registered apprentices remain an overwhelmingly male-dominated area, even though these
numbers include some traditional female apprenticeships such as cosmetology. Women
averaged about 8.7 percent of registered apprentices over the study period. The peak was 375
in 2008 and the lowest number was 203 in 2010 (Exhibit 3-13). The peak female percentage was
11.7 percent in 2008 and the lowest female percentage was 6.7 percent in 2011. Amongst
construction- related crafts, female participation in registered apprenticeships was even lower,
2.2 percent of the total in 2011.
EXHIBIT 3-13
NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES (BY GENDER)
DENVER MSA, 2007 THROUGH 2011
GENDER
Male
Female
Total
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2,501
91.7%
2,843
88.3%
2,310
90.1%
2,793
93.2%
3,521
93.3%
225
8.3%
375
11.7%
253
9.9%
203
6.8%
251
6.7%
2,726
100%
3,218
100%
2,563
100%
2,996
100%
3,772
100%
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
3. 7 CO NC L USI O N S
Registered apprentices are young; 39.1 percent of registered apprentices in the Denver MSA in
2011 were under twenty-five years of age. The largest group was ages 25-34, constituting 39.9
percent of apprentices in 2011. The greatest sector in educational background of registered
apprentices was high school or greater. There has been a shift in the composition of registered
apprentices away from individuals who did not finish high school towards individuals with some
post secondary training.
The minority share of construction apprenticeship was close to their share of construction
employment. Minorities were about 30.2 percent of construction employment and 30.5 percent
of construction- related registered apprenticeships in 2011. In contrast, women were about 18
percent of construction employment and 2.2 percent of construction-related registered
apprenticeships in 2011.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 3.0  December 28, 2012
10
4.0 UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED
APPRENTICES ON DENVER
PROJECTS
4.0 UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER
PROJECTS
This chapter of the report presents data on the utilization of registered apprentices on Denver projects.
The sections of Chapter 4.0 consist of the following:
4.1
Methodology
4.2
Background
4.3
Apprentice Utilization on Denver Projects
4.4
Women and Minority Apprentice Utilization on Denver Projects
4.5
Conclusions
4. 1 ME TH O D O LO GY
This section presents the methodology for the collection of data and analysis of apprentice utilization in
the Denver MSA and on projects let by the City and County of Denver.
Weekly data from January 2007 to December 2011 on labor utilization on Denver projects comes from
LCP Tracker. LCP tracker is web-based software used to compile data including, prevailing wages
compliance, apprentice utilization, EEO reports and residency requirements. 1 The LCP Tracker data
utilized for this analysis comes from the Workforce Summary Utilization Report, drawn in October 2012.
The Workforce Summary Utilization Report covers apprenticeship utilization by craft, project, race,
ethnicity & gender. Complete tables are included in Appendix E to this report.
4. 2 BA CK G RO U ND
4 .2 .1 JOU R NE Y ME N - A P P RE N TICE R A TI O S
Colorado State law contain provisions for certain apprenticeships, particularly electricians and
plumbers, 2 that can be used for investigation of apprenticeship utilization and setting goals for
apprentice utilization. For electrical apprentices Colorado state law requires,
 Apprentices must be registered with the [state electrical] board.
3
1
www.lcptracker.com.
An electrical apprentice is defined as “a person who is required to be registered as such under section 12-23-110.5 (3) (a), who
is in compliance with the provisions of this article, and who is working at the trade in the employment of a registered electrical
contractor and is under the direct supervision of a licensed master electrician, journeyman electrician, or residential wireman.”
Col Rev Stat §12-23-101(1).
3
Col Rev Stat § 12-23-110.5(3)(a).
2
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
1
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
 Apprentices cannot “do any electrical wiring for the installation of electrical apparatus or
equipment for light, heat, or power except under the supervision of a licensed electrician.” 4
 The degree of supervision of an electrical apprentices required “shall be no more than one
licensed electrician to supervise no more than three apprentices at the jobsite.” 5 Failure to satisfy
this requirement can result in fines of up to $2,000 per day. 6
Similarly, for plumbing apprentices Colorado state law requires,
 Apprentices must be registered with the [plumbing] board.
7
 Apprentices “shall not do any plumbing work for which a license is required pursuant to this article
except under the supervision of a licensed plumber.” 8
 "One licensed journeyman plumber, master plumber, or residential plumber shall not supervise
more than three apprentice plumbers at the same jobsite.” 9
Denver ordinances also cover journeymen-apprenticeship ratios and provide for disbarment of firms ,
 Any violation of any applicable city or state law establishing journeyman to apprentice ratios for
the performance of work distinctive to a specific craft of trade or requiring licensing for the
performance of any type of construction work, when such violation occurred in the course of a
contract, and when such violation demonstrates an intent by a contractor to evade the
requirements of section 20-76 for the payment of prevailing wages. 10
Colorado journeymen-apprentice supervision ratio requirements in particular have generated litigation.
In Willmar Electric Service v. Cooke, the Colorado State Electrical Board found the plaintiff to have
violated C.R.S. 12-23-110.5(1) by failing to maintain a one-to-one ratio of journeyman electricians to
apprentices at a jobsite. The plaintiff argued that the Colorado statute was preempted by ERISA and was
therefore unenforceable. Following the U.S. Supreme Court the Tenth Circuit held that apprenticeship
training standards are matters traditionally regulated by the States. Consequently, the Tenth Circuit
ruled that the “appropriate degree of supervision required for apprentices performing electrical work is
a matter related to occupational and public safety and, as such, has traditionally been subject to the
state's police powers.” 11
Finally, journeymen-apprenticeship ratios may be addressed in collective bargaining agreements. For
example, the collective bargaining agreement with the Mechanical Contractors Association of
Northeastern Colorado provides that, “No Journeyman shall work with or receive the assistance of more
than one (1) Apprentice.” 12 The agreement also provides that apprentices are paid a percentage of
journeymen wages based on length of time served as an apprentice.
4
Col Rev Stat § 12-23-110.5(1).
Col Rev Stat § 12-23-110.5(1).
6
12-23-110.5(1).
7
Col Rev Stat § 12-58-105(2)(a).
8
Col Rev Stat § 12-58-117 (1).
9
Col Rev Stat § 12-58-117(1).
10
Denver Ordinances Sec. 20-77(c)(4).
11
212 F.3d 533 (10th Cir. 2000).
12
Collective Bargaining Agreement BY and Between the Mechanical Contractors Association of Northeastern Colorado and
Journeymen Plumbers and Gas Fitters Local Union No.3 and Pipefitters Local Union No. 208, July 8, 2009 through May 31, 2012,
Article 8, Section 1.A., Rules Governing the Employment of Apprentices, p. 39.
5
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
2
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
4 .2 .2 PRE V AIL IN G W A GE S A ND RE G IS TE RE D A PP R E NTI C E S
Prevailing wages laws can also intersect with apprenticeship utilization. There are federal, state and
local prevailing wage laws. The federal Davis-Bacon Act requires that all contractors and subcontractors
performing on federal contracts (federally assisted contracts under the related Acts) above a certain
dollar threshold to pay prevailing wage rates and fringe benefits to their laborers and mechanics.
Denver has its own prevailing wage ordinance. With regards to prevailing wage determination the
Denver prevailing wage ordinance provides that it follows the federal Davis-Bacon rules where
applicable, stating that,
The city council hereby finds and concludes that the federal government, in implementing the
Davis-Bacon Act (40 U.S.C. § 276a to 276a-5), possesses and exercises a superior capability
with superior resources to ascertain the basic rate of pay, overtime, and other benefits which
accurately represent the current prevailing rate of wages for work covered by that federal law.
The career service board shall determine that the prevailing wages applicable to the various
classes of laborers, mechanic, and workers covered by this section and the Davis-Bacon Act
correspond to the prevailing wage determinations made pursuant to that federal law as the
same may be amended from time to time. The board shall undertake to keep and maintain
copies of prevailing wage determinations made pursuant to the Davis-Bacon Act (40 U.S.C. §
276a to 276a-5) and any amendments to that federal law. The board shall also keep and
maintain such other information as shall come to its attention concerning wages paid in the
Denver metropolitan area. If the board has reason to believe that a prevailing wage
determination made pursuant to that federal law is substantially different from wages paid in
the Denver metropolitan area based upon other information, it shall so inform the city council
for their consideration and action by ordinance. The provisions of this section shall supersede
any differing provisions of that federal law, except when that federal law is applicable
independent of this section. 13
In connection with its wage regulations the federal Davis-Bacon statute defines an apprentice as,
(a) A person employed and individually registered in a bona fide apprenticeship program
registered with the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration,
Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training, or with a State Apprenticeship Agency recognized by
the Bureau, or (b) A person in the first 90 days of probationary employment as an apprentice
in such an apprenticeship program, who is not individually registered in the program, but who
has been properly certified to be eligible for probationary employment as an apprentice. 14
This definition is significant because the Davis-Bacon regulations allow for payment of lower wages to
registered apprentices, providing that,
(p) Apprentices will be permitted to work at less than the predetermined rate for the work
they perform when they are employed and individually registered in a bona fide
apprenticeship program registered with a State Apprenticeship Agency which is recognized by
the U.S. Department of Labor, or if no such recognized agency exists in a State, under a
program registered with the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training, Employment and Training
Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Any employee who is not registered as an
apprentice in an approved program shall be paid the wage rate and fringe benefits contained
in the applicable wage determination for the journeyman classification of work actually
13
14
Denver Code of Ordinances Sec. 20-76(c)(2).
29 CFR Subpart A Sec 5.2(n).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
3
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
performed. The wage rates paid apprentices shall not be less than the wage rate for their level
of progress set forth in the registered program, expressed as the appropriate percentage of
the journeyman's rate contained in the applicable wage determination. The allowable ratio of
apprentices to journeymen employed on the contract work in any craft classification shall not
be greater than the ratio permitted to the contractor as to his entire work force under the
registered program. 15
Given that Denver follows Davis-Bacon then Denver allows for paying registered apprentices a lower
wage, but apprentices that are not registered must be paid the level of journeymen. Differing wage
rates for apprentices clearly impacts their utilization.
4. 3 A P P RE NT I CE UT I LI Z AT I O N O N D E N VE R PR O J E CT S
4 .3 .1 O VE R AL L C O NS T RUC T IO N E M PL O YME N T ON DE NVE R P R OJE CT S
Overall there were 11.1 million hours spread across 46 crafts on Denver projects in the LCP Tracker data
base. Exhibit 4-1 shows construction related crafts with at least 50,000 hours over the study period.
(The complete table is located in Appendix E.) These crafts made up 8.2 million hours, about 73.3
percent of total hours. All construction-related hours totaled about 8.6 million hours. As can be seen in
Exhibit 4-1 laborers, carpenters and electricians comprised about 62.7 percent of construction-related
labor hours on Denver projects over the study period.
EXHIBIT 4-1
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED HOURS BY CRAFT
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Hours
Craft
Bricklayer
#
206,600
%
2.51%
Carpenter
1,405,558
17.05%
Cement Mason/Concrete Finisher
390,765
4.74%
Drywall
61,909
0.75%
1,079,395
13.09%
Elevator Constructor
168,894
2.05%
Glazier
75,966
0.92%
Ironworker
256,403
3.11%
2,683,555
32.55%
Millwright
64,749
0.79%
Owner Operator
236,419
2.87%
Painter
212,887
2.58%
Pipe Fitter
179,437
2.18%
Electrician
Laborer
15
29 CFR Subpart A Sec 4.6(p).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
4
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
EXHIBIT 4-1 (CONT.)
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED HOURS BY CRAFT
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Hours
Craft
#
%
Plumber
293,805
3.56%
Sheet Metal Worker
272,918
3.31%
Soft Floor Layer
60,089
0.73%
Sprinkler Fitter
50,966
0.62%
Tile Setter
61,146
0.74%
Traffic Signal Installer
58,700
0.71%
Truck Driver, Heavy
Total
423,757
8,243,918
5.14%
100.00%
Source: LCP Tracker
4 .3 .2 A P PRE NTI CE UTI L IZ A T IO N ON DE N VE R PR O J E CT S
Exhibit 4-2 shows the hours for journeymen and apprentices for crafts for which there were
apprentices. There were 539,398 total construction-related apprentice hours on Denver projects over
the study period. This was about 8.0 percent of total construction-related hours and about 4.8 percent
of total hours on Denver projects. Apprentice utilization was highly concentrated. Over 41.1 percent of
apprentice hours were in electrical alone. Over 86.0 percent of apprentices on Denver projects were in
electrical, plumbing, elevator constructors, pipefitters, plumbers and sheet metal workers. Cement and
truck drivers (heavy) were two construction-related crafts with no apprentices. It is also worth observing
that only one non-construction related craft working on Denver projects reported apprentices, and that
was power equipment operators with only 19 apprentices hours.
EXHIBIT 4-2
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED HOURS BY CRAFT
JOURNEYMEN AND APPRENTICES
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Asbestos Worker/Insulator
Journeymen Hours
#
%
40,701
0.61%
Bricklayer
202,698
3.02%
3,902
0.72%
Carpenter
1,345,902
20.07%
59,656
11.06%
Drywall
61,369
0.92%
541
0.10%
Electrician
857,616
12.79%
221,779
41.12%
Elevator Constructor
131,314
1.96%
37,580
6.97%
1,803
0.03%
4,424
0.82%
Craft
Elevator Mechanic
Apprenticeship Hours
#
%
4,597
0.85%
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
5
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
EXHIBIT 4-2 (CONT.)
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED HOURS BY CRAFT
JOURNEYMEN AND APPRENTICES
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Glazier
Journeymen Hours
#
%
75,923
1.13%
Apprenticeship Hours
#
%
44
0.01%
Ironworker
237,529
3.54%
18,874
3.50%
2,683,390
40.02%
165
0.03%
Millwright
49,693
0.74%
15,056
2.79%
Painter
207,118
3.09%
5,770
1.07%
Pipe Fitter
143,961
2.15%
35,477
6.58%
Plumber
223,406
3.33%
70,399
13.05%
Sheet Metal Worker
233,647
3.48%
39,271
7.28%
Soft Floor Layer
59,355
0.89%
734
0.14%
Sprinkler Fitter
35,780
0.53%
15,187
2.82%
Tile Setter
60,468
0.90%
678
0.13%
Traffic Signal Installer
53,432
0.80%
5,268
0.98%
100.00%
539,398
100.00%
Craft
Laborer
Total
6,705,104
Source: LCP Tracker
Exhibit 4-3 shows the ratio of apprentices to journeymen for construction-related crafts. Only one
category was greater than 100 percent and that was elevator mechanics, but the hours were negligible.
The only craft with a large number of hours and a large percentage of apprentices was electricians. The
crafts with more than 200,000 hours over the study period and less that 15 percent apprenticeship
hours were bricklayers, carpenters, ironworkers and painters.
EXHIBIT 4-3
RATIO OF JOURNEYMEN TO APPRENTICE HOURS
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Journeymen Hours
Apprenticeship
Hours
Ratio
Asbestos Worker/Insulator
40,701
4,597
11.29%
Bricklayer
202,698
3,902
1.92%
Carpenter
1,345,902
59,656
4.43%
Drywall
61,369
541
0.88%
Electrician
857,616
221,779
25.86%
Craft
Source: LCP Tracker
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
6
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
EXHIBIT 4-3 (CONT.)
RATIO OF JOURNEYMEN TO APPRENTICE HOURS
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Journeymen Hours
Apprenticeship
Hours
Ratio
131,314
37,580
28.62%
Elevator Mechanic
1,803
4,424
245.40%
Glazier
75,923
44
0.06%
Ironworker
237,529
18,874
7.95%
2,683,390
165
0.01%
Millwright
49,693
15,056
30.30%
Painter
207,118
5,770
2.79%
Pipe Fitter
143,961
35,477
24.64%
Plumber
223,406
70,399
31.51%
Sheet Metal Worker
233,647
39,271
16.81%
Soft Floor Layer
59,355
734
1.24%
Sprinkler Fitter
35,780
15,187
42.44%
Tile Setter
60,468
678
1.12%
Traffic Signal Installer
53,432
5,268
9.86%
6,705,104
539,398
Craft
Elevator Constructor
Laborer
Total
Source: LCP Tracker
4- 4 WO ME N A ND MI NO RI T Y A P P RE NTI C E UTI LI Z ATIO N O N D E NV E R
P RO J E CT S
4 .4 .1 W O ME N UT IL IZ A TI ON O N DE NVE R P R OJE C T S
There were 746,047 labor hours utilized by women across all crafts on Denver projects, 7.3 percent of
total hours. However, a very large portion of these hours was for parking lot attendants-- 420, 728
hours, 56.3 percent of the total hours of women. There were 190,999 labor hours performed by women
in construction-related crafts on Denver projects, 25.6 percent of all the hours performed by women
(Exhibit 4-4). 16 Of construction-related crafts, the largest categories for women utilization in absolute
terms were construction laborers and heavy truck drivers, accounting for 67.5 percent of women’s
hours on construction-related crafts.
16
Note: the totals do not match because not all hours reported gender classification.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
7
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
EXHIBIT 4-4
WOMEN’S UTILIZATION
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Craft
Male Hours
Female Hours
#
%
#
%
44,875
99.36%
291
0.64%
313
100.00%
0
0.00%
Bricklayer
201,345
97.54%
5,083
2.46%
Carpenter
1,339,160
99.44%
7,595
0.56%
387,519
99.50%
1,961
0.50%
9
100.00%
0
0.00%
61,660
99.69%
189
0.31%
1,057,590
98.70%
13,879
1.30%
152,964
90.57%
15,930
9.43%
Elevator Mechanic
6,227
100.00%
0
0.00%
Glazier
75,491
99.37%
475
0.63%
Ironworker
237,184
99.71%
699
0.29%
2,547,734
96.09%
103,771
3.91%
Landscape & Irrigation Laborer
135
100.00%
0
0.00%
Line Construction
246
100.00%
0
0.00%
64,424
99.50%
326
0.50%
59
100.00%
0
0.00%
209,770
98.56%
3,060
1.44%
221
100.00%
0
0.00%
Pipe Fitter
177,815
99.49%
905
0.51%
Plasterer
13,131
98.69%
175
1.31%
Plumber
288,673
98.30%
5,004
1.70%
Sheet Metal Worker
268,975
99.27%
1,985
0.73%
Sign Erector
9,498
99.76%
22
0.24%
Soft Floor Layer
58,035
99.92%
47
0.08%
Sprinkler Fitter
50,861
99.92%
40
0.08%
Tile Setter
60,771
99.43%
349
0.57%
Traffic Signal Installer
58,213
99.17%
487
0.83%
Tree Trimmers
13,801
99.98%
3
0.02%
Truck Driver, Heavy
386,643
93.08%
28,727
6.92%
Asbestos Worker/Insulator
Boilermaker
Cement Mason/Concrete Finisher
Concrete
Drywall
Electrician
Elevator Constructor
Laborer
Millwright
Operating Engineer
Painter
Paperhanger
Total
7,773,342
190,999
Source: LCP Tracker
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
8
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
Women were a small percentage of construction-related apprentices, 1.46 percent of apprentice hours
on Denver projects over the study period (Exhibit 4-5). Of the nineteen crafts with apprentices women
apprenticed in seven crafts: electrical, elevator constructor, ironworker, millwright, plumber, pipefitter
and sheet metal worker. The highest female participation in absolute and percentage terms was in
electrical, over 5,000 hours, about 2.26 percent of electrical apprenticeship hours.
EXHIBIT 4-5
WOMEN’S APPRENTICE UTILIZATION
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
Craft
Apprenticeship Male Hours
Apprenticeship Female Hours
#
%
#
%
Asbestos Worker/Insulator
4,597
100.00%
0
0.00%
Bricklayer
3,902
100.00%
0
0.00%
Carpenter
52,639
100.00%
0
0.00%
541
100.00%
0
0.00%
Electrician
216,560
97.74%
5,007
2.26%
Elevator Constructor
37,444
99.64%
136
0.36%
Elevator Mechanic
4,424
100.00%
0
0.00%
44
100.00%
0
0.00%
18,057
97.86%
395
2.14%
165
100.00%
0
0.00%
14,731
97.84%
326
2.16%
59
100.00%
0
0.00%
Painter
5,770
100.00%
0
0.00%
Pipe Fitter
34,889
98.34%
588
1.66%
Plumber
69,332
98.49%
1,067
1.51%
Sheet Metal Worker
39,042
99.42%
230
0.58%
Soft Floor Layer
734
100.00%
0
0.00%
Sprinkler Fitter
15,121
100.00%
0
0.00%
678
100.00%
0
0.00%
5,268
100.00%
0
0.00%
523,993
98.54%
7,746
1.46%
Drywall
Glazier
Ironworker
Laborer
Millwright
Operating Engineer
Tile Setter
Traffic Signal Installer
Total
Source: LCP Tracker
4 .4 .2 MI N ORI T Y A P P RE NTI CE SH I P U TILIZ A TI ON ON DE N VE R PR OJE CT S
It is more difficult to draw conclusions about the distribution of employment on Denver projects by
ethnicity and race. Over 27 percent of hours were classified as either “other” or “unidentified.”
Nevertheless, it is clear that the bulk of labor hours were performed by either White or Hispanic workers
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
9
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
(Exhibit 4-6). Amongst those hours identified by race and ethnicity Whites comprised 32.18 percent of
labor hours and Hispanics comprised 38.46 percent of labor hours. Hispanics had a higher percentage
identification amongst carpenters, ironworkers laborers and painters. Again those conclusions have to
be interpreted with caution given the high proportion of unidentified individuals.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
10
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
EXHIBIT 4-6
MINORITY UTILIZATION
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
CRAFT
Asbestos Worker/Insulator
Boilermaker
Bricklayer
Carpenter
Cement Mason/Concrete Finisher
Concrete
Drywall
Electrician
Elevator Constructor
Elevator Mechanic
Elevator Probationary
Glazier
Ironworker
Laborer
Landscape & Irrigation Laborer
Landside Parking Electronics Technician
Line Construction
Millwright
Operating Engineer
Painter
Paperhanger
Pipe Fitter
Plasterer
Plumber
Sheet Metal Worker
Sign Erector
Soft Floor Layer
Sprinkler Fitter
Supplemental
Tile Setter
Traffic Signal Installer
Tree Trimmers
Truck Driver, Heavy
TOTAL
CAUCASIAN HOURS
#
7,029
313
97,499
314,957
35,688
9
7,620
531,940
49,738
1,639
790
24,072
87,884
553,806
0
0
246
52,630
59
75,487
93
111,379
1,437
203,115
166,845
6,277
32,106
21,736
69
25,322
14,446
7,790
180,282
2,612,298
%
15.52%
100.00%
47.19%
22.41%
9.13%
100.00%
12.31%
49.28%
29.45%
26.32%
40.84%
31.69%
34.28%
20.64%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
81.28%
100.00%
35.46%
41.83%
62.07%
10.80%
69.13%
61.13%
65.94%
53.43%
42.65%
100.00%
41.41%
24.61%
56.43%
42.55%
32.18%
AFRICAN AMERICAN
HOURS
#
%
148
0.33%
0
0.00%
1,365
0.66%
24,330
1.73%
2,799
0.72%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
12,204
1.13%
8,185
4.85%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
916
1.21%
2,215
0.86%
49,596
1.85%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,090
3.23%
0
0.00%
4,727
2.22%
0
0.00%
3,784
2.11%
0
0.00%
3,484
1.19%
4,469
1.64%
0
0.00%
146
0.24%
548
1.08%
0
0.00%
685
1.12%
68
0.11%
71
0.51%
20,921
4.94%
142,748
1.76%
HISPANIC HOURS
#
16,596
0
72,228
655,132
263,266
0
42,686
115,665
11,737
40
0
18,303
92,646
1,401,485
93
0
0
4,283
0
96,084
64
25,786
9,090
41,186
70,513
2,545
13,232
10,734
0
27,486
11,414
3,574
116,411
3,122,280
%
36.64%
0.00%
34.96%
46.61%
67.37%
0.00%
68.95%
10.72%
6.95%
0.64%
0.00%
24.09%
36.13%
52.23%
69.14%
0.00%
0.00%
6.61%
0.00%
45.13%
28.94%
14.37%
68.32%
14.02%
25.84%
26.73%
22.02%
21.06%
0.00%
44.95%
19.44%
25.89%
27.47%
38.46%
ASIAN HOURS
#
0
0
0
4,156
3,323
0
0
15,869
0
0
0
51
310
6,281
0
0
0
0
0
2,071
0
38
191
265
1,986
0
812
0
0
178
0
124
1,005
36658
%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.30%
0.85%
0.00%
0.00%
1.47%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.07%
0.12%
0.23%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.97%
0.00%
0.02%
1.44%
0.09%
0.73%
0.00%
1.35%
0.00%
0.00%
0.29%
0.00%
0.90%
0.24%
0.45%
NATIVE AMERICAN
HOURS
#
%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,961
1.43%
1,770
0.13%
226
0.06%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,088
0.19%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
1
0.00%
862
0.34%
18,020
0.67%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
227
0.35%
0
0.00%
3,007
1.41%
0
0.00%
550
0.31%
0
0.00%
4,716
1.60%
1,053
0.39%
24
0.25%
122
0.20%
592
1.16%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
314
0.53%
83
0.60%
8,143
1.92%
44,756
0.55%
OTHER HOURS
#
32
0
2,383
12,875
865
0
109
8,906
0
0
0
0
626
18,818
0
376
0
0
0
333
0
170
21
666
293
10
30
88
0
156
0
149
786
47,691
%
0.07%
0.00%
1.15%
0.92%
0.22%
0.00%
0.18%
0.83%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.24%
0.70%
0.00%
1.98%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.16%
0.00%
0.09%
0.15%
0.23%
0.11%
0.11%
0.05%
0.17%
0.00%
0.26%
0.00%
1.08%
0.19%
0.59%
NOT SPECIFIED HOURS
#
21,494
0
30,165
392,339
84,598
0
11,494
392,723
99,233
4,548
1,144
32,623
71,860
635,518
42
18,566
0
5,521
0
31,178
65
37,731
2,568
40,373
27,759
664
13,642
17,269
0
7,320
32,459
2,014
96,194
2,111,100
%
47.45%
0.00%
14.60%
27.91%
21.65%
0.00%
18.57%
36.38%
58.75%
73.04%
59.16%
42.94%
28.03%
23.68%
30.86%
98.02%
0.00%
8.53%
0.00%
14.65%
29.23%
21.03%
19.30%
13.74%
10.17%
6.98%
22.70%
33.88%
0.00%
11.97%
55.30%
14.59%
22.70%
26.01%
Source: LCP Tracker
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
11
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
There are similar difficulties in the identifying the race/ethnicity distribution of apprentice hours
on Denver projects because 27.17 percent of them were either “other” or “unidentified.” Of
those identified by race and ethnicity 48.2 percent of apprentice hours were performed by
Whites and 20.9 percent were Hispanics, a much lower percentage than the Hispanic
percentage of construction-related labor hours (Exhibit 4-7). Nevertheless, Hispanic apprentice
utilization was high in carpentry, ironworkers, sheet metal workers, pipefitters, plumbers and
electricians. The highest Hispanic apprentice utilization was in electrical (33,729) and carpentry
(25,632). These two crafts combined for 52.2 percent of Hispanic apprentice utilization.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chap. 4.0 -  December 28, 2012
12
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
EXHIBIT 4-7
MINORITY APPRENTICE UTILIZATION
CONSTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFT
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
2007 THROUGH 2011
CRAFT
Asbestos Worker/Insulator
Boilermaker
Bricklayer
Carpenter
Cement Mason/Concrete Finisher
Concrete
Drywall
Electrician
Elevator Constructor
Elevator Mechanic
Elevator Probationary
Glazier
Ironworker
Laborer
Landscape & Irrigation Laborer
Landside Parking Electronics Technician
Line Construction
Millwright
Operating Engineer
Painter
Paperhanger
Pipe Fitter
Plasterer
Plumber
Sheet Metal Worker
Sign Erector
Soft Floor Layer
Sprinkler Fitter
Supplemental
Tile Setter
Traffic Signal Installer
Tree Trimmers
Truck Driver, Heavy
TOTAL
CAUCASIAN HOURS
#
%
7,029
15.52%
313
100.00%
97,499
47.19%
314,957
22.41%
35,688
9.13%
9
100.00%
7,620
12.31%
531,940
49.28%
49,738
29.45%
1,639
26.32%
790
40.84%
24,072
31.69%
87,884
34.28%
553,806
20.64%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
246
100.00%
52,630
81.28%
59
100.00%
75,487
35.46%
93
41.83%
111,379
62.07%
1,437
10.80%
203,115
69.13%
166,845
61.13%
6,277
65.94%
32,106
53.43%
21,736
42.65%
69
100.00%
25,322
41.41%
14,446
24.61%
7,790
56.43%
180,282
42.55%
2,612,298
32.18%
AFRICAN AMERICAN
HOURS
#
%
148
0.33%
0
0.00%
1,365
0.66%
24,330
1.73%
2,799
0.72%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
12,204
1.13%
8,185
4.85%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
916
1.21%
2,215
0.86%
49,596
1.85%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,090
3.23%
0
0.00%
4,727
2.22%
0
0.00%
3,784
2.11%
0
0.00%
3,484
1.19%
4,469
1.64%
0
0.00%
146
0.24%
548
1.08%
0
0.00%
685
1.12%
68
0.11%
71
0.51%
20,921
4.94%
142,748
1.76%
HISPANIC HOURS
#
%
16,596
36.64%
0
0.00%
72,228
34.96%
655,132
46.61%
263,266
67.37%
0
0.00%
42,686
68.95%
115,665
10.72%
11,737
6.95%
40
0.64%
0
0.00%
18,303
24.09%
92,646
36.13%
1,401,485
52.23%
93
69.14%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
4,283
6.61%
0
0.00%
96,084
45.13%
64
28.94%
25,786
14.37%
9,090
68.32%
41,186
14.02%
70,513
25.84%
2,545
26.73%
13,232
22.02%
10,734
21.06%
0
0.00%
27,486
44.95%
11,414
19.44%
3,574
25.89%
116,411
27.47%
3,122,280
38.46%
ASIAN HOURS
#
%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
4,156
0.30%
3,323
0.85%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
15,869
1.47%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
51
0.07%
310
0.12%
6,281
0.23%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,071
0.97%
0
0.00%
38
0.02%
191
1.44%
265
0.09%
1,986
0.73%
0
0.00%
812
1.35%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
178
0.29%
0
0.00%
124
0.90%
1,005
0.24%
36658
0.45%
NATIVE AMERICAN
HOURS
#
%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,961
1.43%
1,770
0.13%
226
0.06%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,088
0.19%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
1
0.00%
862
0.34%
18,020
0.67%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
227
0.35%
0
0.00%
3,007
1.41%
0
0.00%
550
0.31%
0
0.00%
4,716
1.60%
1,053
0.39%
24
0.25%
122
0.20%
592
1.16%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
314
0.53%
83
0.60%
8,143
1.92%
44,756
0.55%
OTHER HOURS
#
%
32
0.07%
0
0.00%
2,383
1.15%
12,875
0.92%
865
0.22%
0
0.00%
109
0.18%
8,906
0.83%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
626
0.24%
18,818
0.70%
0
0.00%
376
1.98%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
333
0.16%
0
0.00%
170
0.09%
21
0.15%
666
0.23%
293
0.11%
10
0.11%
30
0.05%
88
0.17%
0
0.00%
156
0.26%
0
0.00%
149
1.08%
786
0.19%
47,691
0.59%
NOT SPECIFIED HOURS
#
%
21,494
47.45%
0
0.00%
30,165
14.60%
392,339
27.91%
84,598
21.65%
0
0.00%
11,494
18.57%
392,723
36.38%
99,233
58.75%
4,548
73.04%
1,144
59.16%
32,623
42.94%
71,860
28.03%
635,518
23.68%
42
30.86%
18,566
98.02%
0
0.00%
5,521
8.53%
0
0.00%
31,178
14.65%
65
29.23%
37,731
21.03%
2,568
19.30%
40,373
13.74%
27,759
10.17%
664
6.98%
13,642
22.70%
17,269
33.88%
0
0.00%
7,320
11.97%
32,459
55.30%
2,014
14.59%
96,194
22.70%
2,111,100
26.01%
Source: LCP Tracker
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
13
UTILIZATION OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES ON DENVER PROJECTS
4. 5 CO NC L USI O N S
Apprentices were about 8.0 percent of total construction-related hours on Denver projects.
Apprentice utilization was concentrated in electrical, followed by plumbing, elevator
constructors, pipefitters, plumbers and sheet metal workers. Minority apprentice utilization was
around 24.6 percent, but a large proportion of apprentices were not classified by race and
ethnicity. The utilization of women apprentices in construction-related crafts was less than two
percent.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 4.0  December 28, 2012
14
5.0 REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP
PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
5.0 REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER
MSA
This chapter presents the results of our analysis of the registered apprenticeship programs in Denver the
period of 2007 and 2011. The sections of Chapter 5.0 consist of the following:
5.1
Methodology
5.2
Background
5.3
Registered Apprenticeship Programs by Craft
5.4
Registered Apprenticeship Programs by Program Sponsor
5.5
Capacity of Registered Apprenticeship Programs
5.6
Survey Results
5.7
Conclusions
5. 1 ME TH O D O LO GY
This section presents the methodology for the collection of data and analysis of registered
apprenticeship programs in the Denver MSA.
The DOL (Department of Labor) data comes from special tabulations from the U.S. Employment and
Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship. The data is from 2007 to 2011. The apprenticeship
data is supplemented with local industry and employment data from the U.S. Census Bureau 2009
County Business Patterns and special tabulations from 2012 Dun & Bradstreet data.
The last section of the chapter reports results of a web survey of 49 construction-related registered
apprenticeship programs in the Denver MSA. The purpose of the survey was to collect information from
construction-related registered apprenticeship program sponsors on program activities, resources,
barriers and needs that were of particular interest to the City and County of Denver. The survey
population came from the U.S. Department of Labor special tabulations. The survey was conducted as a
web survey that was posted in November and December of 2012. Survey responses were monitored
weekly and there were follow up calls to encourage survey completion. Representatives of thirteen
organizations responded to the survey, covering about 1,320 apprentices, 45 percent of constructionrelated apprentices in 2011.
5. 2 BA CK G RO U ND
The regulations under the Fitzgerald Act define an apprenticeship program as “a plan containing all
terms and conditions for the qualification, recruitment, selection, employment and training of
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
1
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
apprentices, as required under 29 CFR parts 29 and 30, including such matters as the requirement for a
written apprenticeship agreement.” 1 The Fitzgerald Act regulations define the registration of an
apprenticeship program as:
the acceptance and recording of such program by the Office of Apprenticeship, or registration
and/or approval by a recognized State Apprenticeship Agency, as meeting the basic standards
and requirements of the Department for approval of such program for Federal purposes.
Approval is evidenced by a Certificate of Registration or other written indicia. 2
One national study found that there were about 28,000 registered apprenticeship program sponsors
training around 465,000 apprentices in 2007. 3 That would average out to about sixteen apprentices per
program. The number of apprenticeship programs nationally, and the average number of apprentices
per program, for the top apprenticeships is presented in Exhibit 5-1. As can be seen in the exhibit most
programs have fewer than fifty apprentices. Some crafts, such as electricians, have thousands of
programs and some programs only have a handful of programs.
EXHIBIT 5-1
TOP TWENTY-FIVE APPRENTICESHIP OCCUPATIONS
RANKED BY TOTAL
UNITED STATES
SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Occupation
Electrician
Heavy Truck Driver
Carpenter
Plumber
Construction Craft Laborers
Pipe Fitter (construction)
Sheet Metal Worker
Structural-Steel Worker
Roofer
Elevator Constructor
Drywall Installers
Sprinkler Fitter
Operating Engineer
Painter (construction)
Boilermaker
Bricklayer (construction)
Millwright
Heating/Air-Conditioner- Installer
Powerline Maintainer
Number of
Active
Programs
3,209
39
446
2,644
94
722
518
131
139
62
44
124
131
248
32
194
381
601
297
Average
Enrollment/Program
14.2
969.4
74.1
7.0
104.6
13.2
16.9
66.1
42.8
92.7
125.9
43.8
36.9
19.3
127.8
19.2
8.4
5.2
10.4
1
29 CFR 29.2.
29 CFR 29.2.
3
Robert Lerman, Lauren Eyster, and Kate Chambers, The Benefits and Challenges of Registered Apprenticeship: The Sponsors’
Perspective (Washington, DC: The Urban Institute, March 2009).
2
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
2
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-1 (CONT.)
TOP TWENTY-FIVE APPRENTICESHIP OCCUPATIONS
RANKED BY TOTAL
UNITED STATES
SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
Rank
20
21
22
23
24
25
Occupation
Powerline Installer & Repairer
Insulation Worker
Correction Officer
Child Care Development Specialist
Cook (hospitality & cruise ship)
Cement Mason
Number of
Active
Programs
92
101
58
971
1
127
Average
Enrollment/Program
31.4
23.0
39.5
2.4
2,259.0
17.6
Source: Improving Youth Transition Outcomes of Youth With Disabilities by Increasing Access to
Apprenticeship Opportunities, December 2008, at 11.
5. 3 RE GI ST E RE D A P P RE NT I CE SHI P P RO G RA M S BY C RA FT
Exhibit 5-2 below shows the number of construction-related registered apprenticeship programs by
craft and by year in the Denver MSA from 2007 through 2011. As expected the largest number of
programs is for electricians, about 43.1 percent of the number of construction-related apprenticeship
programs in 2011. Overall the number of registered apprenticeship programs ranged from 56 in 2010 to
44 in 2011.
EXHIBIT 5-2
NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
BY SELECTED CONTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS, BY YEAR
2007 THROUGH 2011
DENVER MSA
Occupation Title
Carpenter
Construction Craft Laborer
Diesel Mechanic
Electric Meter Repairer
Electrician
Electrician, Substation
Elevator Constructor
Gas Utility Worker
Gas-Regulator Repairer
Glazier
Line Installer-Repairer
Meter Repairer (Any Ind)
Operating Engineer
Pipe Fitter - Sprinkler Fitter
Pipe Fitter (Const)
2007
Total
5
0
2
0
11
1
9
2
0
1
1
0
4
0
3
2008
Total
2
0
1
2
14
2
11
1
1
1
2
0
1
0
7
2009
Total
2
0
1
2
16
2
10
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
4
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
2010
Total
3
1
1
2
20
2
9
0
1
0
0
1
0
5
3
2011
Total
4
1
1
1
19
2
7
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
3
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-2 (CONT.)
NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
BY SELECTED CONTRUCTION-RELATED CRAFTS, BY YEAR
2007 THROUGH 2011
DENVER MSA
Occupation Title
Plumber
Refrigeration Mech (Any Ind)
Sheet Metal Worker
Street-Light Servicer
Total
2007
Total
2
2
5
0
48
2008
Total
2
2
3
1
53
2009
Total
1
2
4
1
52
2010
Total
0
2
4
2
56
2011
Total
0
2
3
1
44
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
5. 4 RE GI ST E RE D A P P RE NT I CE SHI P P RO G RA M S BY PR O GR A M S P O N SO R
Exhibit 5-3 shows the number of registered apprentices by program sponsors in 2011. As shown in the
exhibit most of the programs are small, as measured by the number of apprentices. A few large
programs account for most of the apprenticeships. The Independent Electrical Contractors Association
(IECA) was the largest program in 2011, with 551 apprentices. The IECA program averaged 544
apprentices from 2008 through 2011 (IECA only had 337 apprentices in 2007.) The top ten apprentice
programs had 1,809 apprentices in 2011. 4
EXHIBIT 5-3
NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED PROGRAMS
BY PROGRAM SPONSOR
2011
DENVER MSA
Sponsor Name
1. Independent Electrical Contractors Assn
2. Construction Industry Training Council
3. PSCO Gas Department
4. Denver Joint Electrical App/Tng Com
5. Denver Pipefitters JATC
6. International Union Elevator Constructors Lcl 25 JATC
7. Colorado S/W Sheetmetal Workers JATC
8. Denver Plumbers JATC
9. Ludvik Electric Company
10. RK Mechanical, Inc.
11. Colorado S/W Oper. Engineers JATC
12. Colorado Contractors Assn., Inc.
13. E Light Electrical Services Inc.
2011
551
340
150
147
143
132
118
83
76
69
52
47
45
4
Only two of the top program sponsors were not construction-related (chefs and cosmetology), with 56 apprentices between
the two programs in 2011.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
4
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-3 (CONT.)
NUMBER OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
SELECTED CONSTRUCTION-RELATED PROGRAMS
BY PROGRAM SPONSOR
2011
DENVER MSA
Sponsor Name
14. Great Southwestern Construction, Inc.
15. Colorado Laborers And Contractors JATC
16. WAPA Western Joint Craft Training Committee
17. WL Contractors, Inc.
18. Colorado S/W Glaziers/Glasswrk JATC
19. Colorado S/W Ironworkers JATC
20. Usa Masonry, Inc.
21. PSCO Of Colorado Production
22. Heat & Frost Insulation Workers ATC
23. Colorado Area Painting & Decorating JATC
24. Firetrol Protection Systems, Denver
25. Carpet/Linoleum/Tile Layer S/W Jatc
2011
43
36
36
35
34
29
27
20
19
15
11
9
Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration, Office of Apprenticeship, Special Tabulations.
5. 5 CA PA CI T Y O F R E GI ST E RE D A P P RE NTI C E S HI P P RO G RA M S
Two sources are examined in this section for data on apprenticeship program capacity: (1) census data
and (2) Dun & Bradstreet data. The web survey results on program capacity are presented in Section
5.6.4 below.
5 .5 .1 CE NS US D A T A
Census data defines apprenticeship training under NAICS code 611513 as the U.S. industry comprising
"establishments primarily engaged in offering apprenticeship training programs. These programs involve
applied training as well as course work.” NAICS 611513 is a subset of NAICS Code 6115, technical and
trade schools. Exhibit 5-4 shows the apprenticeship programs listed in this 611513 category. As can be
seen in Exhibit 5-4 below these programs are largely construction-related.
EXHIBIT 5-4
COMPONENTS OF NAICS 611513 APPRENTICESHP TRAINING
611513 Apprenticeship Training
Apprenticeship training programs
Carpenters' apprenticeship training
Craft union apprenticeship training programs
Electricians' apprenticeship training
Mechanic's apprenticeship training
Plumbers' apprenticeship training
Sheet metal workers' apprenticeship training
Steam fitters' apprenticeship training
Trade union apprenticeship training programs
Vocational apprenticeship training
Source: 2007 NAICS definitions.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
5
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
There were 115 technical and trade schools in the Denver-Aurora MSA with 2,362 employees and a
payroll of $82.0 million in 2009 (Exhibit 5-5). Using the definition of apprenticeship training, in Exhibit 54 above there were 15 Apprenticeship training programs with 193 employees and $5.2 million in payroll
in the Denver MSA in 2009 (Exhibit 5-5). As shown in Exhibit 5-5 apprenticeship programs in the state
of Colorado are relatively concentrated in the Denver MSA. Over 78.1 percent of the employees and
87.9 percent of the payroll of apprenticeship programs in the state of Colorado are located in
establishments in the Denver MSA. 5
EXHIBIT 5-5
TRADE AND TECHNICAL SCHOOLS, APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
COLORADO, DENVER MSA
2009
Establishments
Employees
Payroll
204
4,832
$178,035,000
26
247
$5,944,000
115
2,362
$82,095,000
15
193
$5,225,000
Colorado
Trade and Technical
Schools
Apprenticeship
Programs
Denver
Trade and Technical
Schools
Apprenticeship
Programs
Source: County Business Patterns, 2009.
The apprenticeship training establishments in Denver and Colorado in the census data were generally
very small. As shown in Exhibit 5-6 all but three of the apprenticeship training establishments in Denver
(and all but two programs in Colorado outside of Denver) had fewer than ten employees in 2009.
EXHIBIT 5-6
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
TRADE AND TECHNICAL SCHOOLS, APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
COLORADO, DENVER MSA
Colorado
Denver
Colorado outside of Denver
Total Establishments
26
15
11
'1-4'
12
6
6
'5-9'
9
6
3
'10-19'
2
0
2
'20-49'
2
2
0
'50-99'
1
1
0
Source: County Business Patterns, 2009.
5 .5 .2 DU N & B R A DS T RE E T D A T A
Similar results on the size of apprenticeship programs are found in recent Dun & Bradstreet data
(Exhibit 5-7). In comparison with the U.S. DOL data presented in Exhibits 5-2 and 5-3 the Dun &
5
Colorado ranked fifteenth nationally amongst states in the number of apprenticeship training establishments in the County
st
Business Patterns data in 2009. Colorado ranked 21 in payroll of apprenticeship training establishments (See Appendix F).
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
6
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
Bradstreet data is clearly incomplete. The largest program in terms of number of employees in the Dun
& Bradstreet data is the Colorado Carpenters Statewide Joint Apprenticeship Educational and Training
Committee, with fifteen employees. The largest program in the Dun & Bradstreet data in terms of
revenue was the Independent Electrical Contractors Training Fund, Inc. with $838,458. 6 Some of these
programs are very long-standing, going back to 1962.
EXHIBIT 5-7
REVENUE, NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES, YEAR OF ESTABLISHMENT
APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Company Name
Denver Plumbers Apprenticeship
Construction Inspector Training
Sheet Metal Workers Training Fund Inc
Independent Electrical Contractors Training
Fund, Inc
Colorado Carpenters Statewide Joint
Apprenticeship Educational And Training
Committee
Colorado Laborers & Contractors Education &
Training Fund
Remodelers Training Center
I A M A W District 19
Revenue
$ 95,000
$ 61,000
$ 31,862
Total
Employees
2
1
2
Year
Established
2005
2001
1972
Primary
NAICS
Code
611513
611513
611513
$ 838,458
8
1981
611519
$800,000
15
1962
611519
$714,970
8
1969
611519
$ 200,000
$ 85,000
2
2
2007
2010
611519
611519
Source: Dun & Bradstreet, 2012.
5. 6 S UR V E Y R E S U LT S
Exhibit 5-8 shows the type of training provided by the survey respondents. The largest category
amongst survey respondents is electrical, which is the largest category of apprenticeships in the U.S.
DOL data.
EXHIBIT 5-8
TRAINING OFFERED
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Training Provided
Electrical
Plumbing
Carpentry
Sheet Metal
Number
(#)
5
3
1
2
Percent (%) of
Responses
23.8
14.3
4.8
9.5
Percent (%) of
Cases
38.5
23.1
7.7
15.4
6
It is worth noting that the names in the Dun & Bradstreet do not match names in the DOL registered apprenticeship program
data.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
7
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-8 (CONT.)
TRAINING OFFERED
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Number
(#)
3
1
1
1
4
21
Training Provided
Pipe-fitting
Structural Steel/Ironworker
Construction Craft Laborer
Glazier
Other, Please Specify
Total
Percent (%) of
Responses
14.3
4.8
4.8
4.8
19
100
Percent (%) of
Cases
23.1
7.7
7.7
7.7
30.8
161.5
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
5 .6 .1 RE C RUI TIN G AN D SC R E E NIN G A P P RE N TICE S
Exhibit 5-9 shows responses to the survey about the difficulty in recruiting apprentices. None of the
respondents reported that it was extremely difficult to recruit apprentices. Seven of the respondents
stated it was easy to recruit apprentices; six stated that it was difficult.
EXHIBIT 5-9
EASE OF RECRUITING INTO REGISTERED
APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Number
(%)
1
1
5
4
2
13
Ease of Recruiting Individuals
Extremely Easy
Somewhat Easy
Easy
Somewhat Difficult
Difficult
Total
Percent
(%)
7.69
7.69
38.46
30.77
15.38
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
7.69
15.38
53.85
84.62
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-10 shows responses to the question about the most effective recruitment methods for
apprentices. The four top methods were current employees, career centers, the internet and
community colleges. All these methods were used by more than half of the respondents.
EXHIBIT 5-10
METHODS OF RECRUITING INTO
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Effective Recruitment Methods
Internet
Newspapers
Career Centers
High Schools
Number
(#)
7
1
9
3
Percent (%) of
Responses
13.2
1.9
17
5.7
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
Percent (%) of
Cases
53.8
7.7
69.2
23.1
8
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-10 (CONT.)
METHODS OF RECRUITING INTO
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Effective Recruitment Methods
Community College/Technical Schools
Pre-Apprenticeship Programs
Current Employees
Unions
Trade Associations
Other, Please Specify
Total
Number
(#)
7
3
10
4
6
3
53
Percent (%) of
Responses
13.2
5.7
18.9
7.5
11.3
5.7
100
Percent (%) of
Cases
53.8
23.1
76.9
30.8
46.2
23.1
407.7
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-11 shows the responses to the question about the methods used to screen applicants. The
most frequently identified methods were driver’s license and high school degree. The high school
degree requirement is consistent with Exhibit 3-5 in Chapter 3 regarding the importance of high school
degrees for apprenticeships. Criminal background was the least important.
EXHIBIT 5-11
METHODS OF SCREENING FOR PARTICIPATION IN
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Eligibility Methods Used for Screening
Drug Testing
Valid Driver's License
Reliable Transportation
Legal Work Status
Criminal Background
Physical Aptitude
High School Degree/GED
Other, Please Specify
Total
Number
(#)
6
12
8
8
3
6
10
4
57
Percent (%) of
Responses
10.5
21.1
14
14
5.3
10.5
17.5
7
100
Percent (%) of
Cases
46.2
92.3
61.5
61.5
23.1
46.2
76.9
30.8
438.5
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-12 shows responses to the question on barriers to entry into registered apprenticeship
programs. The most frequently identified factors were failure to meet other qualifications for the
program and lack of program awareness.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
9
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-12
PERCEIVED BARRIERS PARTICIPATION IN
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Barriers to Participating in the
Apprenticeship Program
Lack of Program Awareness
Lack of Money
Lack of Access to Jobs Offering
Apprenticeships
Failure to Meet Educational Qualifications
for Program
Failure to Meet Other Qualifications for
Program
Discrimination
Other, Please Specify
Total
Number
(#)
5
2
Percent (%) of
Responses
17.9
7.1
Percent (%) of
Cases
38.5
15.4
4
14.3
30.8
5
17.9
38.5
6
21.4
46.2
0
6
28
0.00
21.4
100
0.00
46.2
215.4
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012
Exhibit 5-13 shows responses to the question about the completion rate for apprentices in the survey
respondents programs. The program completion rate generally ranged between 50 and 80 percent. No
respondents reported completion rates below 25 percent.
EXHIBIT 5-13
COMPLETION RATES FOR
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Completion Rate of
Apprenticeship Program
0-10%
11-25%
26-50%
51-60%
61-70%
71-80%
91-100%
Don't Know
Total
Number
(%)
0
0
2
3
3
3
1
1
13
Percent
(%)
0.00
0.00
15.38
23.08
23.08
23.08
7.69
7.69
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
0.00
0.00
15.38
38.46
61.54
84.62
92.31
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-14 shows the responses to the questions about reasons for failure to complete the
respondent's apprenticeship program. The most cited reason was lack of jobs. Lack of jobs is a concern
that is mentioned several times throughout the responses and is consistent with the construction
employment data in Exhibit 2-3 in Chapter 2.0.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
10
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-14
REASONS FOR FAILURE TO COMPLETE
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Reasons for Not
Completing
Transferred to a different
apprenticeship program
Employed elsewhere
before program
completion
Problems with
performance (on the job
or in the classroom)
Other, Please Specify:
Total
Number
(%)
Percent
(%)
Cumulative
Percent (%)
1
7.69
7.69
3
23.08
30.77
4
30.77
61.54
5
13
38.46
100.00
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
5 .6 .3 A P PRE NTI CE UTI L IZ A T IO N ON DE N VE R PR O J E CT S
All but one of the respondents had placed apprentices on City and County of Denver projects. The other
respondent did not know whether their program had placed apprentices on Denver projects. The
biggest barrier (four respondents) to apprentice utilization on Denver projects was the journeymenapprenticeship ratio (Exhibit 5-15). One respondent also stated that "Projects with mis-classified
workers doing ironwork, limited enforcement of apprenticeship ratios, limited project labor agreements
was a barrier.”
EXHIBIT 5-15
PERCEIVED BARRIERS
TO APPRENTICE UTILIZATION
ON CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
Barriers Organization Faces in Placing
Apprentices on City and County of Denver
Projects
Journeyman-Apprenticeship Ratios on
Denver Projects
Prevailing Wage Rules on Denver Projects
Lack of Apprenticeship Opportunities on
Denver Projects
Lack of Information on Apprenticeship
Opportunities on Denver Projects
Lack of Apprentices Able to Work
Other, Please Specify
Total
Number
(#)
Percent (%) of
Responses
Percent (%) of
Cases
4
25
30.8
1
6
7.7
2
13
15.4
3
19
23.1
1
5
28
6
31
100
7.7
38.5
215.4
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
11
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
5 .6 .4 A P PRE NTI CE SH IP PR O G R AM C A P ACI TY
Exhibit 5-16 below shows the year apprenticeship programs were established. All of the programs were
well-established; only one program was less than fifteen years old. The Dun & Bradstreet data reported
earlier in Exhibit 5-7 found four recently established apprenticeship programs.
EXHIBIT 5-16
YEAR OF ESTABLISHMENT OF
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Number
(%)
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
13
Year
1936
1950
1957
1964
1981
1987
1988
1992
1995
2011
Total
Percent
(%)
7.69
7.69
7.69
7.69
7.69
15.38
15.38
7.69
15.38
7.69
100.00
Valid Percent
(%)
7.69
7.69
7.69
7.69
7.69
15.38
15.38
7.69
15.38
7.69
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
7.69
15.38
23.08
30.77
38.46
53.85
69.23
76.92
92.31
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-17 shows the distribution of the program size in terms of number of apprentices from the
survey respondents. In the survey data there were six programs with more than 40 apprentices. There
are only fourteen programs with more than 40 apprentices in Exhibit 5-3 above.
EXHIBIT 5-17
SIZE DISTRIBUTION
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Registered
Apprentices
0-5 apprentices
6-10 apprentices
11-20 apprentices
21-30 apprentices
31-40 apprentices
41 or more
apprentices
Total
Number
(%)
2
1
1
1
2
Percent
(%)
15.38
7.69
7.69
7.69
15.38
Valid Percent
(%)
15.38
7.69
7.69
7.69
15.38
Cumulative
Percent (%)
15.38
23.08
30.77
38.46
53.85
6
46.15
46.15
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-18 shows the budget of the program sponsors from the survey data. As shown eleven of the
programs had budgets of less than $300,000, and only one above $500,000. The largest budget category
was between $100,000 and $300,000.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
12
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-18
BUDGETS OF
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Approximate Annual
Organizational Budget
$0 to $50,000
$50,001 to $100,000
$100,001 to $300,000
$300,001 to $500,000
$500,001 to $1 million
Total
Number
(%)
4
1
6
1
1
13
Percent
(%)
30.77
7.69
46.15
7.69
7.69
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
30.77
38.46
84.62
92.31
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-19 shows the number of staff persons working with apprenticeship training from the survey
respondents, including full time and part-time employees. The largest category was six to ten staff
persons (six respondents). There was one respondent with more than 41 staff persons.
EXHIBIT 5-19
STAFFING OF
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Organizational Staff
0-5 staff persons
6-10 staff persons
11-20 staff persons
21-30 staff persons
41+ staff persons
Total
Number
(%)
3
6
1
2
1
13
Percent
(%)
23.08
46.15
7.69
15.38
7.69
100.00
Valid Percent
(%)
23.08
46.15
7.69
15.38
7.69
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
23.08
69.23
76.92
92.31
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
5 .6 .5 PR O G R AM NE E D S A ND P R O G R AM B AR RIE RS
In response to questions involving program needs the only gap mentioned in the survey was lack of jobs.
The responses were all either "none," or "no response." One survey respondent stated, "Personally, I do
not see any gaps for training. The issue is lack of jobs throughout the state. We can recruit more
apprentices; however, with limited employment chances where can we send them?"
Exhibit 5-20 shows responses to questions involving barriers to registered apprenticeship programs.
When asked what were the biggest barriers to providing registered apprenticeships, a major response
was under "Other" and was again lack of jobs. The other reported barriers were difficulty in recruiting
qualified apprentices and difficulty in keeping apprentices in the program. Cost was not major concern
either amongst survey respondents.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
13
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-20
BARRIERS TO OPERATING
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Barriers Organization Faces in Providing
Registered Apprenticeships
Cost of maintaining a registered
apprenticeship program
Difficulty in recruiting qualified apprentices
Difficulty in keeping apprentices in the
program
Other, Please Specify
None
Total
Number
(#)
Percent (%) of
Responses
Percent (%) of
Cases
2
11.1
15.4
4
22.2
30.8
6
33.3
46.2
3
3
18
16.7
16.7
100
23.1
23.1
138.5
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibit 5-21 shows survey respondents response to the question about the future of their program.
None of the survey respondents stated that they were planning to close their programs. They all stated
that they intended for their programs to remain or expand. However, Exhibit 5-20 above shows that
eight programs closed in 2010.
EXHIBIT 5-21
PROJECTIONS FOR NEXT TWO YEARS
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Plans over the Next Two Years
Number
(%)
Percent
(%)
Valid Percent
(%)
Cumulative
Percent (%)
4
30.77
30.77
30.77
9
69.23
69.23
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Maintain its apprenticeship
program at roughly the same size
Expand its apprenticeship
program
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
5 .6 .6 COL L AB OR A TI O N WI T H OTH E R W O R K F OR C E P R O G R AMS
In the web survey six program sponsors were union sponsored (Exhibit 5-22). The survey also found that
five respondents served one employer and eight respondents served multiple employers (Exhibit 5-23).
EXHIBIT 5-22
UNION AFFILIATION
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Union Sponsored
and/or Affiliated
Yes
No
Total
Number
(%)
6
7
13
Percent
(%)
46.15
53.85
100.00
Valid Percent
(%)
46.15
53.85
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
46.15
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
14
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
EXHIBIT 5-23
SINGLE-, MULTIPLE-EMPLOYER AFFILIATION
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Number
(%)
5
8
13
Employers Served
One employer
Multiple employers
Total
Percent
(%)
38.46
61.54
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
38.46
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
Exhibits 5-24 and 5-25 shows responses to the question about collaboration with other workforce
development programs. Specific workforce programs that were mentioned in responses were the U.S.
DOL Office of Apprenticeship, Women's Center and career centers. At the same time only one
respondent was a member of the Denver Workforce Investment Board.
EXHIBIT 5-24
COLLABORATION WITH
OTHER WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Workforce Development Organization
Collaboration
Number
(#)
Percent (%) of
Responses
Percent (%) of
Cases
4
9
5
4
4
7
4
37
10.8
24.3
13.5
10.8
10.8
18.9
10.8
100
30.8
69.2
38.5
30.8
30.8
53.8
30.8
284.6
Workforce Investment Board
Community College/Technical Schools
Industry Associations
Local Government Agencies
State Government Agencies
Joint Apprenticeship Training Funds
Other, Please Specify
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT 5-25
MEMBERS OF THE DENVER WORKFORCE INVESTMENT BOARD
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS
DENVER MSA
Members of the Denver
Workforce Investment Board
Yes
No
Don't Know
Total
Number
(%)
1
8
4
13
Percent
(%)
7.69
61.54
30.77
100.00
Valid Percent
(%)
7.69
61.54
30.77
100.00
Cumulative
Percent (%)
7.69
69.23
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
15
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER MSA
5. 7 CO NC L USI O N S
Overall the number of registered apprenticeship programs ranged from 56 in 2010 to 44 in 2011. Similar
to the data in Chapter 2.0 above, most of the apprenticeship programs are in construction in general
and nearly half are in electrical in particular. The Independent Electrical Contractors Association was the
largest program in 2011, with 551 apprentices. The top ten apprenticeship programs had 1,809
apprentices in 2011. Most apprenticeship programs are small, but there are several with more than one
hundred apprentices.
The majority of respondents stated that it was easy to recruit apprentices. The most important
screening tools were driver’s license and high school degree. The principal barriers to entry in to
registered apprenticeship programs were lack of interest and lack of a driver’s license.
The biggest reported barriers were lack of jobs, difficulty in recruiting qualified apprentices and difficulty
in keeping apprentices in the program. All respondents reported placing apprentices on Denver
projects.
Nearly all the respondents were in well established programs. None of the survey respondents stated
that they were planning to close their programs. They all stated that they intended for their programs to
remain or expand.
All of the programs did collaborate with other workforce organizations. The most collaborations were
reported with community colleges and joint apprenticeship training funds. Only one respondent was a
member of the Denver Workforce Investment Board.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 5.0  December 28, 2012
16
6.0 REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP
PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED
STATES
6.0 REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE
UNITED STATES
This chapter presents the results of our analysis of the apprenticeship goals program in the
United States. The sections of Chapter 6.0 consist of the following:
6.1
Methodology
6.2
Background
6.3
Local Government Apprenticeship Goals Programs
6.4
Other State and Local Government Apprenticeship Goals Programs
6.5
Apprenticeship Utilization in Goals Programs
6.6
Conclusions
6. 1 ME T H O D O LO GY
This section presents the methodology for the collection of data and analysis of apprenticeship
programs in the United States. The objective is to gather information, particularly local
ordinances, on apprenticeship goals programs around the United States. Apprenticeship goals
programs either require or encourage some percentage of project work hours to be allocated to
apprentices. One focus of this chapter is on programs of local governments similar in size to the
City and County of Denver. This local government apprenticeship program information was
supplemented with information from other apprenticeship programs.
6. 2 BA CK G RO U ND
The Fitzgerald Act sets requirements for registering apprenticeship programs, but does not
directly address municipalities setting apprenticeship goals on public contracts. Registered
apprenticeship programs are relevant because many local government agencies that have
apprenticeship goals on construction projects limit the programs to recognized apprenticeship
programs. While there has been some litigation involving journeymen-apprenticeship ratio
requirements (discussed in Chapter 4 above), no case law was found challenging local
government apprenticeship utilization goals.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 6.0  December 28, 2012
1
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE UNITED STATES
6. 3 LO C AL GO V E RN M E NT A P P RE N TI C E S HI P G O A LS P RO G RA M S
Exhibit 6-1 presents a synopsis of apprenticeship goals programs and related initiatives for local
governments similar in size to the City and County of Denver. Several such programs were
found. 1
EXHIBIT 6-1
LOCAL GOVERNMENT APPRENTICESHIP GOALS PROGRAMS
Agency
Apprentice Utilization
King County (Seattle), WA
12.16.155, 156. Sets apprenticeship hiring goals on selected public works
projects. Total labor hours and opportunity for training are the
determining factors in establishing apprenticeship requirements. Annual
hiring voluntary goals for minorities and women (20 percent and 18
percent respectively) of all apprenticeship labor hours.
Seattle, WA
Sec. 20.38.005. On public works contracts with an estimated cost of
$1,000,000, or more, City can require that up to 15 percent of labor
hours be performed by apprentices enrolled in training programs
approved or recognized by the Washington State Apprenticeship and
Training Council. On public works projects with an apprentice utilization
requirement, there shall be a goal that 21 percent of the apprentice labor
hours be performed by minorities and 20 percent of the apprentice labor
2
hours by performed by women.
Sonohomish County, WA
Apprentices should make up 20 percent of the hours used on county
projects. Contractors are required to hire apprentices from training
3
programs that have been approved by the state of Washington.
Port of Oakland Project Labor
Agreement
2001-2007. 20 percent goal for apprentice utilization.
Cincinnati, OH
Sec.318-5. Contractors will employ apprentices at a ratio of at least 20
percent, of which at least 50 percent of its apprenticeship hours shall be
performed by local residents.
St. Paul, MN
Two year pilot program for public works projects with more than $50,000
5
there was a 15 percent apprenticeship utilization requirement.
St Louis, MO
Sec 3.11.020. On each public works contract of $1 million or more, the
Agency shall set a goal that a minimum percentage of 15 percent of all
the labor hours are to be performed by apprentices enrolled in training
program approved or recognized by the United States Department of
Labor, Office of Apprenticeship (OA)
4
1
The following cities (with an MSA similar in size to Denver's) were investigated and not found to have registered
apprenticeship program ordinances: Baltimore, MD, Minneapolis, MN, Orlando, FL Pittsburgh, PA, Portland, OR, San
Antonio, TX, and Tampa, FL.
2
http://www.kingcounty.gov/exec/BusinessDev/apprenticeship.aspx
3
http://www.co.snohomish.wa.us/documents/Departments/Council/News/NRApprenticeOrd.pdf.
4
http://portofoakland.com/pdf/busi_maplaReport_janJuly08.pdf.
5
http://www.ci.stpaul.mn.us/DocumentCenter/Home/View/2987.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 6.0  December 28, 2012
2
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE UNITED STATES
6. 4 O T H E R S T AT E A ND LO CA L G O VE R N ME NT A P P RE NTI CE S HI P G O A LS
P RO G RA M S
There are a number of another apprenticeship initiatives from state and local governments that
are not comparable in size to the City and County of Denver. These programs are briefly
summarized in Exhibit 6-2 and Exhibit 6-3 below.
EXHIBIT 6-2
SELECTED STATE GOVERNMENTS
APPRENTICESHIP GOALS PROGRAMS
State Agencies
Apprenticeship Goal Program Features
California
Title 8 California Code of Regulations, § 230.1. A contractor on a public
works project must employ one (1) hour of registered apprentice work
for every five hours performed by a journeyman. As a consequence
apprenticeship goals programs are the general case in California.
Massachusetts
Section 33 of Chapter 30 of the Acts of 2009. For 2009 ARRA funded
projects not less than 20 per cent of the total hours of employees
receiving an hourly wage shall be performed by apprentices in apprentice
training programs which are approved by the division of apprentice
training in the executive office of labor and workforce development
Oregon
ORS § 276.265. Every public agency employing five or more persons in
the same apprenticeable occupation for the improvement or
maintenance of a public facility is expected to employ at least one
apprentice for that occupation.
Oregon DOT
2005. Apprenticeship utilization goals to rise from 5 percent to 20
6
percent based on annual reviews for contracts > $300,000.
Washington
RCW § 39.04.320(1)(a) (2005). For all public works estimated to cost one
million dollars or more require that no less than fifteen percent of the
labor hours be performed by apprentices. Apprenticeship utilization
requirements have become employed through local government
agencies in the state of Washington, including King County (Seattle),
Tacoma, and k12 and four year college projects in excess of $1 million.
Wisconsin
Executive Order 108 (2005). Required contractors with five or more craft
employee to hire apprentices on public projects, or receive a waiver.
Contractors are not required to lay off journeymen to satisfy the
requirement. Repealed by Executive Order 18 in March 2011.
Wyoming
Enrolled Act No 130 (2005). One-percent bid preference on contracts
over $1 million for contractors that agree to 10 percent of labor hours
going registered apprentices.
New York
§ 816-b. State and local governments may impose apprenticeship
agreements on construction contracts
New Jersey
§ 52:38-5. Requires that each contractor and subcontractor working on
the public works project with a project labor agreement have an
apprenticeship program.
6
ODOT Workforce Development Plan (2005). http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/CS/CIVILRIGHTS/wdp/WDPDraft.pdf.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 6.0  December 28, 2012
3
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE UNITED STATES
EXHIBIT 6-3
SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
APPRENTICESHIP GOALS PROGRAMS
Agency
Apprenticeship Goal Program Features
Hartford, CT
Section 2-717. First Source Ordinance. During construction of assisted
projects, one of every five workers shall be a registered apprentice of
whom at least 50 percent shall be city residents.
Jersey City, NJ
Sec 304-503 (requirements for project labor agreements) Twenty percent
of the labor hours required are to be performed by apprentices and all
apprentices shall be Jersey City residents; unless it can be demonstrated
there are not enough apprentices available.
City of Los Angeles
In addition to following the state 20 percent apprenticeship goal, the City
7
has a goal of 30 percent local apprentice utilization.
Vancouver, WA
Since 2004, policy encourages 15 percent apprentices utilization on
projects in excess of $500,000. City sets minimum utilization goals ona
project by project basis. Apprentice training programs to be certified by
the Washington State Department of Labor & Industries, the Oregon
Bureau of Labor and Industries, and/or the U.S. Department of Labor 8
Bureau of Apprenticeship Training
City of Edmonds, WA
18.00.050(B). Can require on projects in excess of $250,000 an
apprenticeship goal of 15 percent of labor hours.
Midtown Exchange, Minneapolis,
MN
2004-2006. A public-private partnership that set a 5 percent goal for
9
utilization of pre-apprentices.
6. 5 A P P RE NT I CE S HI P U T I LI ZA TI O N I N GO AL S P RO G R A MS
Some agencies report their apprenticeship utilization numbers. This data provides some
evidence as to what is achievable with apprenticeship goals programs. Apprentice utilization for
selected programs is shown in Exhibit 6-4 below.
7
http://bca.lacity.org/site/pdf/general/light_report_3q.pdf.
http://www.cityofvancouver.us/purchasing.asp?menuID=10464&submenuID=10524&itemID=17251
9
http://midtowncommunityworks.org/exchange/jobs/employplan_update031606.php.
8
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 6.0  December 28, 2012
4
REGISTERED APPRENTICES IN THE UNITED STATES
EXHIBIT 6-4
SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
APPRENTICESHIP UTILIZATION IN
APPRENTICESHIP GOALS PROGRAMS
Agency
Apprentice Utilization
Los Angeles County
Achieved 27 percent apprentice utilization on over 600,000 labor hours
10
on MLK Hospital project in 2010-2012.
City of Los Angeles
1st Quarter 2008, 23.6 percent apprentice utilization; 42 percent of
11
apprentices were local.
Port of Seattle, City of Seattle,
King County Apprenticeship
Opportunities Project
2007. About 16.9 percent of labor hours completed by apprentices. 32.6
12
percent of apprentice hours by minorities, 12.2 percent by women.
Port of Oakland Project Labor
Agreement
2001-2007. $1.2 billion project achieved 12.6 percent utilization by
13
apprentices, 6.2 percent by local apprentices.
6. 6 CO NC L USI O N S
There has been some growth in apprenticeship goals programs over the last ten years, primarily
on the west coast, California, Oregon and Washington. While other states have allowed for such
programs, California and Washington have been the most aggressive. Apprenticeship goals
programs are in fact widespread in the state of California following the imposition of state
requirements. Apprenticeship goals ranged between five and twenty percent of labor hours,
with fifteen percent apprentice utilization being the most common goal. Some agencies have
achieved between 25 and 30 percent apprenticeship utilization. Some agencies have also added
requirements for the use of local apprentices and the use of women and minority apprentices.
The definition of apprentice varied, but generally government policies required some
governmental recognition of the apprenticeship program in order for the apprentices hours to
satisfy the utilization goals.
10
http://dpw.lacounty.gov/pmd/localworker/doc/MLKCraft.Oct-31-2012.pdf
http://bca.lacity.org/site/pdf/general/light_report_3q.pdf, at p. 6..
12
http://portjobs.org/storage/documents/2007_AU_Report.pdf, at 6.
13
http://portofoakland.com/pdf/busi_maplaReport_janJuly08.pdf.
11
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Chapter 6.0  December 28, 2012
5
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A:
BACKGROUND DATA ON COLORADO
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND DATA ON COLORADO
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
EXHIBIT A-1
PAID EMPLOYEES AND TOTAL ESTABLISHMENTS
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
DENVER, 2009
INDUSTRY
CODE
23---236
2362
237
2371
2372
2373
2379
238
2381
2382
2383
2389
INDUSTRY CODE DESCRIPTION
Construction
Construction of Buildings
Nonresidential Building Construction
Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction
Utility System Construction
Land Subdivision
Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction
Other Heavy and Civil Engineering
Construction
Specialty Trade Contractors
Foundation, Structure, and Building
Exterior Contractors
Building Equipment Contractors
Building Finishing Contractors
Other Specialty Trade Contractors
PAID EMPLOYEES FOR PAY
PERIOD INCLUDING
MARCH 12 (NUMBER)
70,632
12,598
7,214
11,320
5,935
513
3,279
TOTAL
ESTABLISHMENTS
7,361
1,858
461
401
182
88
96
1,593
46,714
35
5,102
10,190
21,545
9,048
5,931
1,156
1,838
1,496
612
Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix A  December 27, 2012
A-1
APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND DATA ON COLORADO CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
EXHIBIT A-2
SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CONSTRUCTION FIRMS
DENVER, 2009
INDUSTRY
CODE
23---236
2362
237
2371
2373
238
2381
23811
23812
23813
23814
23815
23816
23817
23821
23822
2383
23831
23832
23833
23834
23835
23839
INDUSTRY CODE DESCRIPTION
Construction
Construction of Buildings
Nonresidential Building Construction
Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction
Utility System Construction
Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction
Specialty Trade Contractors
Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors
Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors
Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors
Framing Contractors
Masonry Contractors
Glass and Glazing Contractors
Roofing Contractors
Siding Contractors
Electrical Contractors
Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors
Building Finishing Contractors
Drywall and Insulation Contractors
Painting and Wall Covering Contractors
Flooring Contractors
Tile and Terrazzo Contractors
Finish Carpentry Contractors
Other Building Finishing Contractors
TOTAL
ESTABLISHMENTS
7361
1858
461
401
182
96
5102
1156
233
43
204
195
66
267
79
843
918
1496
225
432
189
133
427
90
<10
6010
1627
327
243
103
46
4140
932
155
26
195
148
49
232
73
673
721
1293
157
391
155
122
403
65
%
81.6%
87.6%
70.9%
60.6%
56.6%
47.9%
81.1%
80.6%
66.5%
60.5%
95.6%
75.9%
74.2%
86.9%
92.4%
79.8%
78.5%
86.4%
69.8%
90.5%
82.0%
91.7%
94.4%
72.2%
10<50
1092
184
106
109
57
32
799
184
67
13
8
39
13
26
5
138
169
175
47
40
32
11
23
22
%
14.8%
9.9%
23.0%
27.2%
31.3%
33.3%
15.7%
15.9%
28.8%
30.2%
3.9%
20.0%
19.7%
9.7%
6.3%
16.4%
18.4%
11.7%
20.9%
9.3%
16.9%
8.3%
5.4%
24.4%
>50
%
259
47
28
49
22
18
163
40
11
4
1
8
4
9
1
32
28
28
21
1
2
0
1
3
Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix A  December 27, 2012
A-2
3.5%
2.5%
6.1%
12.2%
12.1%
18.8%
3.2%
3.5%
4.7%
9.3%
0.5%
4.1%
6.1%
3.4%
1.3%
3.8%
3.1%
1.9%
9.3%
0.2%
1.1%
0.0%
0.2%
3.3%
APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND DATA ON COLORADO CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
EXHIBIT A-3
ANNUAL WAGE OR SALARY OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
CONSTRUCTION
DENVER–AURORA–BROOMFIELD, CO MSA, 2010
OCCUPATION CODE (SOC)
OCCUPATIONAL TITLE
472011 Boilermakers
472021 Brickmasons and Blockmasons
472031 Carpenters
472041 Carpet Installers
472051 Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers
474011 Construction and Building Inspectors
470000 Construction and Extraction Occupations
472061 Construction Laborers
475041 Continuous Mining Machine Operators
475011 Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas
472081 Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers
475021 Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas
472111 Electricians
474021 Elevator Installers and Repairers
Explosives Workers, Ordnance Handling
475031 Experts, and
475099 Extraction Workers, All Other
474031 Fence Erectors
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of
471011 Construction Tr
Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard
472042 Tiles
472043 Floor Sanders and Finishers
472121 Glaziers
474041 Hazardous Materials Removal Workers
EMPLOYMENT ENTRY LEVEL MEAN (AVERAGE)
***
***
***
540 $29,480.00
$44,635.00
6,400 $26,034.00
$40,391.00
***
$29,212.00
$41,423.00
2,350 $26,570.00
$37,569.00
970 $47,831.00
$64,482.00
53,110 $27,031.00
$42,499.00
8,100 $21,061.00
$29,923.00
150 $39,381.00
$45,733.00
***
***
***
1,610 $26,481.00
$36,115.00
***
$32,179.00
$36,645.00
6,970 $30,254.00
$47,255.00
***
***
***
MEDIAN EXPERIENCED
***
***
$48,262.00
$52,213.00
$38,771.00
$47,570.00
$33,281.00
$47,528.00
$35,871.00
$43,069.00
$61,317.00
$72,807.00
$39,198.00
$50,232.00
$29,634.00
$34,353.00
$45,562.00
$48,909.00
***
***
$36,197.00
$40,932.00
$36,054.00
$38,878.00
$47,515.00
$55,755.00
***
***
40
***
***
***
***
$20,512.00
***
***
$26,296.00
***
***
$25,569.00
***
***
$29,188.00
5,200
$45,319.00
$66,289.00
$64,610.00
$76,774.00
***
***
600
930
***
$27,238.00
$30,471.00
$32,343.00
***
$34,362.00
$43,120.00
$37,345.00
***
$32,729.00
$42,491.00
$37,182.00
***
$37,924.00
$49,445.00
$39,846.00
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix A  December 27, 2012
A-3
APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND DATA ON COLORADO CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
EXHIBIT A-3 (CONT.)
ANNUAL WAGE OR SALARY OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
CONSTRUCTION
DENVER–AURORA–BROOMFIELD, CO MSA, 2010
OCCUPATION CODE (SOC)
OCCUPATIONAL TITLE
EMPLOYMENT ENTRY LEVEL MEAN (AVERAGE) MEDIAN EXPERIENCED
473019 Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other
30 $24,417.00
$32,599.00 $33,586.00
$36,689.00
Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons,
473011 Stonemasons, an
170 $26,270.00
$31,982.00 $32,356.00
$34,839.00
473012 Helpers--Carpenters
90 $27,953.00
$33,680.00 $33,983.00
$36,543.00
473013 Helpers--Electricians
***
$21,664.00
$24,975.00 $23,591.00
$26,631.00
475081 Helpers--Extraction Workers
***
$30,229.00
$34,126.00 $33,734.00
$36,074.00
Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers,
473014 and S
***
$22,290.00
$26,234.00 $23,907.00
$28,206.00
Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and
473015 St
***
$29,324.00
$33,052.00 $33,598.00
$34,916.00
473016 Helpers--Roofers
160 $23,019.00
$29,283.00 $28,054.00
$32,415.00
474051 Highway Maintenance Workers
860 $36,016.00
$43,126.00 $42,861.00
$46,681.00
472131 Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall
490 $26,416.00
$34,646.00 $35,033.00
$38,761.00
472132 Insulation Workers, Mechanical
270 $26,000.00
$35,836.00 $32,754.00
$40,754.00
Mine Cutting and Channeling Machine
475042 Operators
***
***
***
***
***
475049 Mining Machine Operators, All Other
***
***
***
***
***
Operating Engineers and Other Construction
472073 Equipme
2,810 $32,135.00
$42,585.00 $42,141.00
$47,810.00
472141 Painters, Construction and Maintenance
1,350 $29,972.00
$39,710.00 $40,112.00
$44,579.00
472142 Paperhangers
***
***
***
***
***
Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment
472071 Operators
270 $29,626.00
$39,309.00 $39,352.00
$44,151.00
472072 Pile-Driver Operators
***
***
***
***
***
472151 Pipelayers
700 $25,975.00
$32,954.00 $31,113.00
$36,443.00
472161 Plasterers and Stucco Masons
180 $23,853.00
$41,429.00 $35,736.00
$50,217.00
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix A  December 27, 2012
A-4
APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND DATA ON COLORADO CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
EXHIBIT A-3 (CONT.)
ANNUAL WAGE OR SALARY OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
CONSTRUCTION
DENVER–AURORA–BROOMFIELD, CO MSA, 2010
OCCUPATION CODE (SOC)
OCCUPATIONAL TITLE
EMPLOYMENT ENTRY LEVEL MEAN (AVERAGE) MEDIAN EXPERIENCED
472152 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters
3,130 $33,376.00
$47,671.00 $46,488.00
$54,818.00
Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment
474061 Operat
***
***
***
***
***
472171 Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers
***
$29,479.00
$39,032.00 $35,723.00
$43,809.00
475051 Rock Splitters, Quarry
***
***
***
***
***
472181 Roofers
1,370 $27,042.00
$35,358.00 $34,452.00
$39,517.00
475012 Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas
***
$37,763.00
$56,546.00 $57,147.00
$65,938.00
475071 Roustabouts, Oil and Gas
***
***
***
***
***
474091 Segmental Pavers
***
***
***
***
***
474071 Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners
250 $29,152.00
$38,653.00 $37,495.00
$43,404.00
475013 Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining
370 $29,729.00
$43,604.00 $41,233.00
$50,541.00
472211 Sheet Metal Workers
1,090 $29,605.00
$44,838.00 $42,314.00
$52,455.00
472022 Stonemasons
***
$26,260.00
$37,299.00 $39,095.00
$42,819.00
472221 Structural Iron and Steel Workers
550 $33,754.00
$41,076.00 $40,046.00
$44,737.00
472082 Tapers
310 $30,266.00
$38,207.00 $38,077.00
$42,178.00
472053 Terrazzo Workers and Finishers
***
***
***
***
***
472044 Tile and Marble Setters
220 $21,456.00
$38,047.00 $43,207.00
$46,343.00
Note: Asterisks indicate undisclosable data.
Source: Colorado LMI, OES.
Entry level and experienced wage rates represent the means of the lower 1/3 and upper 2/3 of the wage distribution, respectively.
Data is from an annual wage survey.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix A  December 27, 2012
A-5
APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND DATA ON COLORADO CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
EXHIBIT A-4
EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS
CONSTRUCTION
COLORADO, 2009 THORUGH 2019
INDUSTRY TITLE
Construction of Buildings
Heavy and Civil Engineering
Construction
Specialty Trade Contractors
11,457
11,788
331
33
TOTAL
20092019
PERCENT
CHANGE
2.90%
8,872
47,172
10,135
50,379
1,263
3,207
126
321
14.20%
6.80%
2009
ESTIMATED
EMPLOYMENT
2019
PROJECTED
EMPLOYMENT
TOTAL
2009-2019
EMPLOYMENT
CHANGE
ANNUAL AVG
EMPLOYMENT
CHANGE
ANNUAL
PERCENT
CHANGE
0.29%
1.42%
0.68%
Source: Colorado Department of Labor.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix A  December 27, 2012
A-6
APPENDIX B:
WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED
APPRENTICES PROGRAM SPONSORS
APPENDIX B: WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES
PROGRAM SPONSORS
WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES PROGRAM SPONSORS
MGT of America, Inc. is conducting a survey of apprenticeship training program sponsors for the City and
County of Denver (Denver) to assess the current development and needs of local apprenticeship training
programs. The following survey will gather information on registered apprenticeship and workforce
development programs in the Denver area. This is a great opportunity for you to provide feedback
regarding your experience with apprenticeship programs by agreeing to carefully complete this
survey. The survey will only take a few minutes of your time. Your information is aggregated for the
overall analysis and used only for the purpose of conducting this study and does not reflect Individual
responses. This survey is for research purposes and not intended or used to sell or market products or
services.
Q1 What is your title?




CEO/President (1)
Manager/Financial Officer (2)
Workforce Development/Apprenticeship Manager (3)
Other, Please specify (4) ____________________
Q2 Are you able to answer questions concerning your firm’s apprenticeship activities?
 Yes (1)
 No (2)
Q3 Please provide your name and phone number just in case we have any further questions?
Contact Name (1)
Contact Telephone Number (Area code and No dashes) (XXXXXXXXXX) (2)
Contact Email Address (3)
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix B December 31, 2012
B-1
APPENDIX B: WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES PROGRAM SPONSORS
Q4 Which of the following trades does your firm provide apprenticeship training? Check all that apply.











Electrical (1)
Plumbing (2)
Carpentry (3)
Sheet metal (4)
Pipe-fitting (5)
Structural Steel/Iron-worker (6)
Operating Engineer (7)
Roofer (8)
Construction Craft Laborer (9)
Glazier (10)
Other, Please specify (11) ____________________
Q5 In what year was your apprenticeship program established?
Year (YYYY) (1)
Q6 In what year was your apprenticeship program registered with the U.S. Department of Labor?
 Year (YYYY) (1) ____________________
 Our program is not registered (2)
Q7 If you are not registered with the U.S. Department of Labor why not?




Lack of program awareness (1)
Registration is too difficult (2)
Compliance is too time consuming (3)
Other, Please specify (4) ____________________
Q8 Which of the following categories best approximates the number of registered apprentices in your
organization for calendar year 2011?






0-5 apprentices (1)
6-10 apprentices (2)
11-20 apprentices (3)
21-30 apprentices (4)
31-40 apprentices (5)
41+ apprentices (6)
Q9 Is your apprenticeship training program sponsored by and/or affiliated with a union?
 Yes (1)
 No (2)
 Don't Know (3)
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix B December 31, 2012
B-2
APPENDIX B: WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES PROGRAM SPONSORS
Q10 Does your apprenticeship program serve:
 One employer (1)
 Multiple employers (2)
 Don't Know (3)
Q11 On a scale from 1 to 6 (1 being extremely easy and 6 being extremely difficult) how would you rate
your ease of recruiting individuals to your apprenticeship training program?






Extremely Easy (1)
Somewhat Easy (2)
Easy (3)
Difficult (4)
Somewhat Difficult (5)
Extremely Difficult (6)
Q12 Which of the following recruitment methods do you consider effective? Check all that apply.










Internet (1)
Newspapers (2)
Career Centers (3)
High Schools (4)
Community Colleges/Technical Schools (5)
Pre-Apprenticeship Programs (6)
Current Employees (7)
Unions (8)
Trade Associations (9)
Other, Please specify (10) ____________________
Q13 Which eligibility methods do you use to screen applicants for your apprenticeship program? Check
all that apply.








Drug Testing (1)
Valid driver's license (2)
Reliable transportation (3)
Legal work status (4)
Criminal background (5)
Physical aptitude (6)
High school degree/GED (7)
Other, Please specify (8) ____________________
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix B December 31, 2012
B-3
APPENDIX B: WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES PROGRAM SPONSORS
Q14 In your opinion which of the following barriers prevent individuals from participating in a registered
apprenticeship training programs? Check all that apply.








Lack of program awareness (1)
Lack of money (2)
Lack of access to jobs offering apprenticeships (3)
Failure to meet educational qualifications for program (4)
Failure to meet other qualifications for program (5)
Discrimination (6)
Other, Please specify (7) ____________________
Don't Know (8)
Q15 What do you estimate as the program completion rate of apprentices in your program?









0-10% (1)
11-25% (2)
26-50% (3)
51-60% (4)
61-70% (5)
71-80% (6)
81-90% (7)
91-100% (8)
Don't Know (9)
Q16 What do you think is the main reason for non-completion of the apprenticeship program?






Transferred to a different apprenticeship program (1)
Employed elsewhere before program completion (2)
Problems with performance (on the job or in the classroom) (3)
Personal issues (family needs, illness, drugs alcohol) (4)
Other, Please specify (5) ____________________
Don't Know (6)
Q17 Which other workforce development organizations does your organization collaborate with? Check
all that apply.








Workforce Investment Board (1)
Community colleges/technical colleges (2)
Industry associations (3)
Local government agencies (4)
State government agencies (5)
Joint apprenticeship training funds (6)
Other, Please specify (7) ____________________
Don't Know (8)
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix B December 31, 2012
B-4
APPENDIX B: WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES PROGRAM SPONSORS
Q18 Is someone in your organization a member of the Denver Workforce Investment Board?
 Yes (1)
 No (2)
 Don't Know (3)
Q19 Which of the following categories best approximates your organization’s annual budget for
apprenticeship training for calendar year 2011?





Up to $50,000 (1)
$50,001 to $100,000 (2)
$100,001 to $300,000 (3)
$300,001 to $500,000 (4)
$500,001 to $1 million (5)
Q20 Excluding yourself, on average, how many staff persons does your organization maintain, including
full-time, part-time staff and independent contractors, for apprenticeship training?






0-5 staff persons (1)
6-10 staff persons (2)
11-20 staff persons (3)
21-30 staff persons (4)
31-40 staff persons (5)
41+ staff persons (6)
Q21 What gaps do you see in availability of apprenticeship programs in the Denver area? (Maximum of
1000 characters)
Q22 Which of the following barriers does your organization face in providing registered
apprenticeships? Check all that apply.







Cost of maintaining a registered apprenticeship program (1)
Difficulty in obtaining qualified instructors (2)
Difficulty in obtaining related instruction (3)
Difficulty in recruiting qualified apprentices (4)
Difficulty in keeping apprentices in the program (5)
Other, Please elaborate (6) ____________________
None (7)
Q23 Has your program placed apprentices on City and County of Denver projects?
 Yes (1)
 No (2)
 Don't Know (3)
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix B December 31, 2012
B-5
APPENDIX B: WEB SURVEY OF REGISTERED APPRENTICES PROGRAM SPONSORS
Q24 Has your program faced any of the following barriers to placing apprentices on City and County of
Denver projects? Check all that apply.






Journeyman-apprenticeship ratios on Denver projects (1)
Prevailing wage rules on Denver projects (2)
Lack of apprenticeship opportunities on Denver projects (3)
Lack of information on apprenticeship opportunities on Denver projects (4)
Lack of apprentices able to work (5)
Other, Please elaborate (6) ____________________
Q25 Over the next two years does your organization plan to?





Terminate its apprenticeship program (1)
Contract its apprenticeship program (2)
Maintain its apprenticeship program at roughly the same size (3)
Expand its apprenticeship program (4)
Don't Know (5)
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix B December 31, 2012
B-6
APPENDIX C:
COMPLETE SURVEY RESPONSES
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESPONSES
EXHIBIT C-1
WHAT IS YOUR TITLE?
NUMBER
(%)
1
PERCENT
(%)
7.69
VALID
PERCENT (%)
7.69
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
(%)
7.69
Manager/Financial Officer
2
15.38
15.38
23.08
Workforce Development/Apprenticeship Manager
1
7.69
7.69
30.77
Other, Please Specify:
9
69.23
69.23
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
NUMBER
(%)
2
PERCENT
(%)
15.38
VALID
PERCENT (%)
15.38
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
15.38
Estimator, Apprentice Admin.
1
7.69
7.69
23.08
Executive Director
1
7.69
7.69
30.77
Manager Employee Development
1
7.69
7.69
38.46
Not Provided
2
15.38
15.38
53.85
Training Administrator
1
7.69
7.69
61.54
Training Coordinator
4
30.77
30.77
92.31
Training Director
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
TITLE
CEO/President
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-2
WHAT IS YOUR TITLE – TEXT?
TITLE, TEXT
Title not provided
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-3
ARE YOU ABLE TO ANSWER QUESTIONS CONCERNING YOUR FIRM’S APPRENTICESHIP ACTIVITIES?
NUMBER
(%)
Yes
13
PERCENT (%)
VALID PERCENT
(%)
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
100.00
100.00
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-1
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-4
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TRADES DOES YOUR FIRM PROVIDE APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING?
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.
NUMBER
(#)
5
PERCENT (%) OF
RESPONSES
23.8
PERCENT (%) OF
CASES
38.5
Plumbing
3
14.3
23.1
Carpentry
1
4.8
7.7
Sheet Metal
2
9.5
15.4
Pipe-fitting
3
14.3
23.1
Structural Steel/Ironworker
1
4.8
7.7
Construction Craft Laborer
1
4.8
7.7
Glazier
1
4.8
7.7
Other, Please Specify
4
19
30.8
21
100
161.5
TRAINING PROVIDED
Electrical
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-5
IN WHAT YEAR WAS YOUR APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM ESTABLISHED?
YEAR (YYYY)
1936
NUMBER
(%)
1
PERCENT (%)
7.69
VALID PERCENT
(%)
7.69
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
7.69
1950
1
7.69
7.69
15.38
1957
1
7.69
7.69
23.08
1964
1
7.69
7.69
30.77
1981
1
7.69
7.69
38.46
1987
2
15.38
15.38
53.85
1988
2
15.38
15.38
69.23
1992
1
7.69
7.69
76.92
1995
2
15.38
15.38
92.31
2011
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
Total
13
100.00
100.00
YEAR
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-2
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-6
IN WHAT YEAR WAS YOUR APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM REGISTERED WITH THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF
LABOR?
TEXT
1936
NUMBER
(%)
1
PERCENT (%)
7.69
VALID PERCENT
(%)
7.69
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
7.69
1964
1
7.69
7.69
15.38
1972
1
7.69
7.69
23.08
1977
1
7.69
7.69
30.77
1987
2
15.38
15.38
46.15
1988
2
15.38
15.38
61.54
1989
1
7.69
7.69
69.23
1992
1
7.69
7.69
76.92
1995
2
15.38
15.38
92.31
2011
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
Total
13
100.00
100.00
YEAR
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-7
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES BEST APPROXIMATES THE NUMBER OF REGISTERED
APPRENTICES IN YOUR ORGANIZATION?
NUMBER
(%)
2
PERCENT (%)
15.38
VALID PERCENT
(%)
15.38
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
15.38
6-10 apprentices
1
7.69
7.69
23.08
11-20 apprentices
1
7.69
7.69
30.77
21-30 apprentices
1
7.69
7.69
38.46
31-40 apprentices
2
15.38
15.38
53.85
41 or more apprentices
6
46.15
46.15
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
REGISTERED APPRENTICES
0-5 apprentices
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-8
IS YOUR APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM SPONSORED BY AND/OR AFFILIATED WITH A UNION?
UNION SPONSORED AND/OR
AFFILIATED
Yes
No
Total
NUMBER
(%)
6
7
13
PERCENT (%)
46.15
53.85
100.00
VALID PERCENT
(%)
46.15
53.85
100.00
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
46.15
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-3
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-9
DOES YOUR APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM SERVE:
EMPLOYERS SERVED
One employer
NUMBER
(%)
5
PERCENT (%)
38.46
VALID PERCENT
(%)
38.46
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
38.46
8
61.54
61.54
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Multiple employers
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-10
ON A SCALE FROM 1 TO 6 (1 BEING EXTREMELY EASY AND 6 BEING EXTREMELY DIFFICULT) HOW
WOULD YOU RATE YOUR EASE OF RECRUITING INDIVIDUALS TO YOUR APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING
PROGRAM?
NUMBER
(%)
1
PERCENT (%)
7.69
VALID PERCENT
(%)
7.69
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
7.69
Somewhat Easy
1
7.69
7.69
15.38
Easy
5
38.46
38.46
53.85
Difficult
4
30.77
30.77
84.62
Somewhat Difficult
2
15.38
15.38
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
EASE OF RECRUITING INDIVIDUALS
Extremely Easy
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-11
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING RECRUITMENT METHODS DO YOU CONSIDER EFFECTIVE?
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.
EFFECTIVE RECRUITMENT METHODS
NUMBER
(#)
PERCENT (%) OF
RESPONSES
PERCENT (%) OF
CASES
Internet
7
13.2
53.8
Newspapers
1
1.9
7.7
Career Centers
9
17
69.2
High Schools
3
5.7
23.1
Community College/Technical Schools
7
13.2
53.8
Pre-Apprenticeship Programs
3
5.7
23.1
10
18.9
76.9
Unions
4
7.5
30.8
Trade Associations
6
11.3
46.2
Other, Please Specify
3
5.7
23.1
53
100
407.7
Current Employees
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-4
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-12
WHICH ELIGIBILITY METHODS DO YOU USE TO SCREEN APPLICANTS FOR YOUR APPRENTICESHIP
PROGRAM?
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.
ELIGIBILITY METHODS USED FOR
SCREENING
Drug Testing
NUMBER
(#)
6
PERCENT (%) OF
RESPONSES
10.5
PERCENT (%) OF
CASES
46.2
12
21.1
92.3
Reliable Transportation
8
14
61.5
Legal Work Status
8
14
61.5
Criminal Background
3
5.3
23.1
Physical Aptitude
6
10.5
46.2
10
17.5
76.9
4
7
30.8
57
100
438.5
Valid Driver's License
High School Degree/GED
Other, Please Specify
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-13
IN YOUR OPINION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BARRIERS PREVENT INDIVIDUALS FROM PARTICIPATING
IN A REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING PROGRAMS?
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.
BARRIERS TO PARTICIPATING IN THE APPRENTICESHIP
PROGRAM
Lack of Program Awareness
NUMBER
(#)
5
PERCENT (%) OF
RESPONSES
17.9
PERCENT (%) OF
CASES
38.5
Lack of Money
2
7.1
15.4
Lack of Access to Jobs Offering Apprenticeships
4
14.3
30.8
Failure to Meet Educational Qualifications for Program
5
17.9
38.5
Failure to Meet Other Qualifications for Program
6
21.4
46.2
Discrimination
0
0.00
0.00
Other, Please Specify
6
21.4
46.2
28
100
215.4
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-5
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-14
IN YOUR OPINION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BARRIERS PREVENT INDIVIDUALS FROM PARTICIPATING
IN A REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING PROGRAMS?
OTHER, PLEASE SPECIFY-TEXT
BARRIERS FOR INDIVIDUALS
No response provided
Attitude, desire, drive, be able to do the work
Lack interest, Transportation issues/ No Drivers License,
Substance issues, Fear of heights
Lack of a valid driver's license of transportation to the
job
Lack of interest
The misclassification of workers as Independent
contractors, by employers that underbid employers that
play by the rules.
The use of misclassification of workers as independent
contractors, and the failure to crack down on the
employers using this practice.
Total
NUMBER
(%)
7
PERCENT
(%)
53.85
VALID
PERCENT (%)
53.85
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
53.85
1
7.69
7.69
61.54
1
7.69
7.69
69.23
1
7.69
7.69
76.92
1
7.69
7.69
84.62
1
7.69
7.69
92.31
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-15
WHAT DO YOU ESTIMATE AS THE PROGRAM COMPLETION RATE OF APPRENTICES IN YOUR PROGRAM?
COMPLETION RATE OF
APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM
0-10%
NUMBER
(%)
0
PERCENT (%)
0.00
VALID PERCENT
(%)
0.00
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
0.00
11-25%
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
26-50%
2
15.38
15.38
15.38
51-60%
3
23.08
23.08
38.46
61-70%
3
23.08
23.08
61.54
71-80%
3
23.08
23.08
84.62
91-100%
1
7.69
7.69
92.31
Don't Know
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-6
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-16
WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE MAIN REASON FOR NON-COMPLETION OF THE APPRENTICESHIP
PROGRAM?
REASONS FOR NOT COMPLETING
Transferred to a different apprenticeship program
PERCENT (%)
7.69
VALID
PERCENT
(%)
7.69
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
7.69
3
23.08
23.08
30.77
4
30.77
30.77
61.54
5
38.46
38.46
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
NUMBER
(%)
1
Employed elsewhere before program completion
Problems with performance (on the job or in the
classroom)
Other, Please Specify:
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-17
WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE MAIN REASON FOR NON-COMPLETION OF THE APPRENTICESHIP
PROGRAM?
TEXT
PERCENT (%)
61.54
VALID
PERCENT
(%)
61.54
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
61.54
1
7.69
7.69
69.23
Lack of construction jobs
1
7.69
7.69
76.92
Lack of jobs to keep them in the program
Lack of jobs, not working in the trade will move on to
something else
Termination from current employment
1
7.69
7.69
84.62
1
7.69
7.69
92.31
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
NUMBER
(%)
8
Absenteeism from school
OTHER REASONS FOR NOT COMPLETING
No Response
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-7
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-18
WHICH OTHER WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION
COLLABORATE WITH?
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.
WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT
ORGANIZATION COLLABORATION
NUMBER
(#)
PERCENT (%) OF
RESPONSES
PERCENT (%) OF
CASES
Workforce Investment Board
4
10.8
30.8
Community College/Technical Schools
9
24.3
69.2
Industry Associations
5
13.5
38.5
Local Government Agencies
4
10.8
30.8
State Government Agencies
4
10.8
30.8
Joint Apprenticeship Training Funds
7
18.9
53.8
Other, Please Specify
4
10.8
30.8
37
100
284.6
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-19
IS SOMEONE IN YOUR ORGANIZATION A MEMBER OF THE DENVER WORKFORCE INVESTMENT BOARD?
MEMBERS OF THE DENVER WORKFORCE
INVESTMENT BOARD
Yes
NUMBER
(%)
1
PERCENT (%)
7.69
VALID PERCENT
(%)
7.69
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
7.69
No
8
61.54
61.54
69.23
Don't Know
4
30.77
30.77
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-20
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES BEST APPROXIMATES YOUR ORGANIZATION’S ANNUAL
BUDGET FOR APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING FOR CALENDAR YEAR 2011?
APPROXIMATE ANNUAL ORGANIZATIONAL
BUDGET
$0 to $50,000
NUMBER
(%)
4
PERCENT (%)
30.77
VALID PERCENT
(%)
30.77
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
30.77
$50,001 to $100,000
1
7.69
7.69
38.46
$100,001 to $300,000
6
46.15
46.15
84.62
$300,001 to $500,000
1
7.69
7.69
92.31
$500,001 to $1 million
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-8
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-21
EXCLUDING YOURSELF, ON AVERAGE, HOW MANY STAFF PERSONS DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION
MAINTAIN, INCLUDING FULL-TIME, PART-TIME STAFF AND INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS, FOR
APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING?
NUMBER
(%)
3
PERCENT (%)
23.08
VALID PERCENT
(%)
23.08
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
23.08
6-10 staff persons
6
46.15
46.15
69.23
11-20 staff persons
1
7.69
7.69
76.92
21-30 staff persons
2
15.38
15.38
92.31
41+ staff persons
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
ORGANIZATIONAL STAFF
0-5 staff persons
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-22
WHAT GAPS DO YOU SEE IN AVAILABILITY OF APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS IN THE DENVER AREA?
NUMBER
(%)
1
PERCENT
(%)
7.69
VALID
PERCENT
(%)
7.69
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
7.69
No Response
5
38.46
38.46
46.15
None
Personally, I do not see any gaps for training. The issue is lack of
work throughout the state. We can recruit more apprentices
however, with limited employment chances where can we send
them? Our program is geared for Career Oriented individuals that
3
23.08
23.08
69.23
1
7.69
7.69
76.92
1
7.69
7.69
84.62
1
7.69
7.69
92.31
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
GAPS IN DENVER AREA APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM
Lack of jobs
The only gap I see is the lack of jobs that will keep the apprentices in
the current programs already available.
This does not apply to us because we maintain our own
apprenticeship program.
We are in a small area of one type of work. We only work in this
narrow area. Our program is designed and focused on this type of
work.
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-9
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-23
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BARRIERS DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION FACE IN PROVIDING REGISTERED
APPRENTICESHIPS?
BARRIERS ORGANIZATION FACES IN PROVIDING
REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIPS
NUMBER
(#)
PERCENT (%) OF
RESPONSES
PERCENT (%) OF
CASES
Cost of maintaining a registered apprenticeship program
2
11.1
15.4
Difficulty in recruiting qualified apprentices
4
22.2
30.8
Difficulty in keeping apprentices in the program
6
33.3
46.2
Other, Please Specify
3
16.7
23.1
None
3
16.7
23.1
Total
18
100
138.5
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-24
HAS YOUR PROGRAM PLACED APPRENTICES ON CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS?
PROGRAM PLACED APPRENTICES ON
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER
PROJECTS
Yes
NUMBER
(%)
12
No
Don't Know
Total
PERCENT (%)
92.31
VALID PERCENT
(%)
92.31
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
92.31
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-25
HAS YOUR PROGRAM FACED ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BARRIERS TO PLACING APPRENTICES ON CITY
AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS?
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.
BARRIERS ORGANIZATION FACES IN PLACING APPRENTICES
ON CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
NUMBER
(#)
PERCENT (%) OF
RESPONSES
PERCENT (%) OF
CASES
Journeyman-Apprenticeship Ratios on Denver Projects
4
25
30.8
Prevailing Wage Rules on Denver Projects
1
6
7.7
Lack of Apprenticeship Opportunities on Denver Projects
Lack of Information on Apprenticeship Opportunities on Denver
Projects
Lack of Apprentices Able to Work
2
13
15.4
3
19
23.1
1
6
7.7
Other, Please Specify
5
31
38.5
28
100
215.4
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-10
APPENDIX C: COMPLETE SURVEY RESULTS
EXHIBIT C-26
HAS YOUR PROGRAM FACED ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BARRIERS TO PLACING APPRENTICES ON CITY
AND COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS?
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY. OTHER, PLEASE ELABORATE-TEXT
BARRIERS IN PLACING APPRENTICES ON CITY AND
COUNTY OF DENVER PROJECTS
None
Projects with mis-classified workers doing Ironwork,
limited enforcement of apprenticeship ratios, limited
project labor agreements
Unknown
PERCENT (%)
84.62
VALID
PERCENT
(%)
84.62
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
84.62
1
7.69
7.69
92.31
1
7.69
7.69
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
NUMBER
(%)
11
Total
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
EXHIBIT C-27
OVER THE NEXT TWO YEARS DOES YOUR ORGANIZATION PLAN TO?
PLANS OVER THE NEXT TWO YEARS
Maintain its apprenticeship program at roughly
the same size
Expand its apprenticeship program
Total
NUMBER
(%)
PERCENT (%)
VALID PERCENT
(%)
CUMULATIVE
PERCENT (%)
4
30.77
30.77
30.77
9
69.23
69.23
100.00
13
100.00
100.00
Source: Responses from web survey of registered apprenticeship programs, 2012.
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix C  December 27, 2012
C-11
APPENDIX D:
COMPLETE LIST OF APPRENTICE
CRAFTS
APPENDIX D: COMPLETE LIST OF APPRENTICE CRAFTS
EXHIBIT D-1
COMPLETE LIST OF CRAFTS FOR APPRENTICESHIP
IN THE DENVER AREA
OCCUPATIONAL CODE
39-2011.00
49-3021.00
49-3023.01
51-6093.00
49-3023.02
51-3011.02
39-5011.00
47-2011.00
47-2011.00
47-2021.00
51-7011.00
47-2031.01
47-2031.01
47-203101
47-2051.00
39-9011.00
43-9011.00
15-1021.00
43-9011.00
47-2061.00
49-3042.00
35-2012.00
35-2014.00
51-3011.01
33-3012.00
39-5012.00
49-9031.02
19-4021.00
49-3031.00
43-5032.00
17-3011.01
17-3013.00
17-3013.00
49-9012.01
51-9061.03
17-3023.03
51-9061.04
47-2111.00
TITLE
Animal Trainer
Automobile Body Repairer
Automobile Mechanic
Automobile Upholsterer
Automotive Technician Specialist
Baker (Bake Produce)
Barber
Boilerhouse Mechanic
Boilermaker I
Bricklayer (Construction)
Cabinetmaker
Carpenter
Carpenter, Interior Systems
Carpenter, Maintenance
Cement Mason
Child Care Dev Specialist
Computer Operator
Computer Programmer
Computer-Peripheral-Eq-Op
Construction Craft Laborer
Construction Equip Mechanic
Cook (Any Ind)
Cook (Hotel & Restaurant)
Cook, Pastry (Hotel & Restaurant)
Correction Officer
Cosmetologist
Customer Service Represent
Dairy Technologist
Diesel Mechanic
Dispatcher, Service
Drafter, Architectural
Drafter, Detail
Drafter, Mechanical
Electric Meter Repairer
Electric Meter Tester
Electrical Technician
Electric-Distribution Checker
Electrician
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix D  December 27, 2012
D-1
APPENDIX D: COMPLETE LIST OF APPRENTICE CRAFTS
EXHIBIT D-1 (CONT.)
COMPLETE LIST OF CRAFTS FOR APPRENTICESHIP
IN THE DENVER AREA
OCCUPATIONAL CODE
47-2111.00
49-2095.00
49-2095.00
49-2011.02
17-3023.01
47-4021.00
51-2041.01
45-2091.00
33-2011.01
33-2011.02
33-2011.01
45-2093.00
47-2042.00
27-1023.00
51-7021.00
49-9012.02
47-2152.01
49-9012.03
49-9012.02
47-2121.00
27-1024.00
39-5012.00
29-2099.99
49-9021.01
39-2011.00
19-1013.01
37-2012.00
51-8013.01
27-1013.01
51-4041.00
17-3023.02
47-2131.00
15-1081.00
19-4031.00
37-3011.00
49-9041.00
51-4192.00
49-9051.00
49-9052.00
49-9051.00
49-9051.00
51-5023.04
53-4011.00
51-2031.00
51-4041.00
TITLE
Electrician, Maintenance
Electrician, Powerhouse
Electrician, Substation
Electronics Mechanic
Electronics Technician
Elevator Constructor
Fabricator-Assembler Metal Prod
Farm Worker, General I
Fire Fighter
Fire Fighter Specialist Wildland
Fire Medic
Fish Hatchery Worker
Floor Layer
Floral Designer
Furniture Finisher
Gas Utility Worker
Gas-Main Fitter
Gas-Meter Mechanic I
Gas-Regulator Repairer
Glazier
Graphic Designer
Hair Stylist (Cosmetologist)
Health Care Sanitary Tech
Heating & Air-Cond Inst-Serv
Horse Trainer
Horticulturist
Housekeeper, Com, Res, Ind
Hydroelectric-Station Oper
Illustrator (Profess & Kin)
Instrument Maker
Instrument Technician (Utilities)
Insulation Worker
Internetworking Technician
Laboratory Technician
Landscape Management Tech
Laundry-Machine Mechanic
Lay-Out Worker I (Any Ind)
Line Erector
Line Installer-Repairer
Line Maintainer
Line Repairer
Lithograph Press Operator
Locomotive Engineer
Machine Builder
Machinist
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix D  December 27, 2012
D-2
APPENDIX D: COMPLETE LIST OF APPRENTICE CRAFTS
EXHIBIT D-1 (CONT.)
COMPLETE LIST OF CRAFTS FOR APPRENTICESHIP
IN THE DENVER AREA
OCCUPATIONAL CODE
49-9041.00
49-9042.00
49-9042.00
11-9051.00
49-9012.03
49-9044.00
51-7031.00
31-1012.00
11-3011.00
47-2073.02
47-2141.00
47-2152.01
47-2152.01
47-2161.00
47-2152.02
33-3051.01
49-9041.00
51-8013.01
51-9121.01
51-9012.00
17-3026.00
49-9021.02
47-2171.00
49-2095.00
47-2111.00
47-2181.00
49-9098.00
47-2211.00
51-6052.01
51-8021.02
47-2111.00
47-2221.00
51-8012.00
51-8012.00
47-2082.00
49-2022.03
43-3071.00
51-4111.00
43-5011.00
53-3032.01
51-6093.00
51-8031.00
51-4121.02
51-4121.03
TITLE
Maint Mech (Any Ind)
Maint Repairer, Industrial
Maintenance Repairer, Build
Manager, Food Service
Meter Repairer (Any Ind)
Millwright
Model Maker, Wood
Nurse Assistant
Office Manager/Admin Services
Operating Engineer
Painter (Const)
Pipe Fitter - Sprinkler Fitter
Pipe Fitter (Const)
Plasterer
Plumber
Police Officer I
Powerhouse Mechanic
Power-Plant Operator
Production Finisher
Purification Operator Ii
Quality Control Technician
Refrigeration Mech (Any Ind)
Reinforcing Metal Worker
Relay Technician
Residential Electrical Wireman
Roofer
Service Planner (Light,Heat)
Sheet Metal Worker
Shop Tailor
Stationary Engineer
Street-Light Servicer
Structural Steel/Ironworker
Substation Operator
Switchboard Operator (Utility)
Taper
Telecommunications Technician
Teller (Financial)
Tool And Die Maker
Transportation Clerk
Truck Driver, Heavy
Upholsterer, Inside
Wastewater-Treatmt- Plt Oper
Welder, Combination
Welderfitter
Source:
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix D  December 27, 2012
D-3
APPENDIX E:
COMPLETE APPRENTICE UTILIZATION
TABLES
APPENDIX E: COMPLETE APPRENTICE UTILIZATION TABLES
EXHIBIT E-1
TOTAL JOURNEYMAN AND APPRENTICESHIP HOURS UTILIZATION
BY CRAFT
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER, 2008 THROUGH 2011
JOURNEYMEN HOURS
CRAFT
APPRENTICESHIP HOURS
NUMBER (#)
PERCENTAGE (%)
NUMBER (#)
PERCENTAGE (%)
1 Yr.
57
0.00%
0
0.00%
Appliance Mechanic
912
0.01%
0
0.00%
Asbestos Worker/Insulator
40,701
0.38%
4,597
0.85%
Baggage Handling System Maint.
295,677
2.79%
0
0.00%
313
0.00%
0
0.00%
Bricklayer
202,698
1.92%
3,902
0.72%
Carpenter
1,345,902
12.72%
59,656
11.06%
Cement Mason/Concrete Finisher
390,765
3.69%
0
0.00%
Child Care Worker
32,761
0.31%
0
0.00%
9
0.00%
0
0.00%
Custodians
140,072
1.32%
0
0.00%
Drywall
61,369
0.58%
541
0.10%
Electrician
857,616
8.11%
221,779
41.11%
Elevator Constructor
131,314
1.24%
37,580
6.97%
Boilermaker
Concrete
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix E December 27, 2012
E-1
APPENDIX E: COMPLETE APPRENTICE UTILIZATION TABLES
EXHIBIT E-1 (CONT.)
TOTAL JOURNEYMAN AND APPRENTICESHIP HOURS UTILIZATION
BY CRAFT
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER, 2008 THROUGH 2011
JOURNEYMEN HOURS
CRAFT
APPRENTICESHIP HOURS
NUMBER (#)
PERCENTAGE (%)
NUMBER (#)
PERCENTAGE (%)
Elevator Mechanic
1,803
0.02%
4,424
0.82%
Elevator Probationary
1,933
0.02%
0
0.00%
Furniture Movers
15,297
0.14%
0
0.00%
Glazier
75,923
0.72%
44
0.01%
Ironworker
237,529
2.25%
18,874
3.50%
2,683,390
25.36%
165
0.03%
135
0.00%
0
0.00%
18,941
0.18%
0
0.00%
246
0.00%
0
0.00%
49,693
0.47%
15,056
2.79%
59
0.00%
0
0.00%
Owner Operator
236,419
2.23%
0
0.00%
Painter
207,118
1.96%
5,770
1.07%
221
0.00%
0
0.00%
Parking Lot Attendant
906,826
8.57%
0
0.00%
Pipe Fitter
143,961
1.36%
35,477
6.58%
Plasterer
13,306
0.13%
0
0.00%
Plumber
223,406
2.11%
70,399
13.05%
1,229,240
11.62%
19
0.00%
Laborer
Landscape & Irrigation Laborer
Landside Parking Electronics Technician
Line Construction
Millwright
Operating Engineer
Paperhanger
Power Equipment Operator
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix E December 27, 2012
E-2
APPENDIX E: COMPLETE APPRENTICE UTILIZATION TABLES
EXHIBIT E-1 (CONT.)
TOTAL JOURNEYMAN AND APPRENTICESHIP HOURS UTILIZATION
BY CRAFT
CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER, 2008 THROUGH 2011
JOURNEYMEN HOURS
CRAFT
APPRENTICESHIP HOURS
NUMBER (#)
PERCENTAGE (%)
NUMBER (#)
PERCENTAGE (%)
Security Guard
89,998
0.85%
0
0.00%
Sheet Metal Worker
233,647
2.21%
39,271
7.28%
Sign Erector
9,520
0.09%
0
0.00%
Soft Floor Layer
59,355
0.56%
734
0.14%
Sprinkler Fitter
35,780
0.34%
15,187
2.82%
Supplemental
69
0.00%
0
0.00%
Teledata Technician
26,498
0.25%
0
0.00%
Tile Setter
60,468
0.57%
678
0.13%
Traffic Signal Installer
53,432
0.51%
5,268
0.98%
Tree Trimmers
13,804
0.13%
0
0.00%
Truck Driver, Heavy
423,757
4.01%
0
0.00%
Window Cleaner- Single
4,762
0.05%
0
0.00%
Not Available
22,649
0.21%
0
0.00%
10,579,349
100.00%
539,417
100.00%
Total
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix E December 27, 2012
E-3
APPENDIX F:
STATE APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING
PROGRAMS
APPENDIX F: STATE APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING PROGRAMS
EXHIBIT F-1
APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING (611513) BY STATE, 2009
Paid employees for
pay period including
March 12 (number)
Annual
payroll
($1,000)
Total
Establishments
California
2595
93305
142
Illinois
1105
35420
79
Ohio
629
15147
75
New York
685
22614
60
Pennsylvania
600
22418
58
Texas
346
7160
57
Florida
441
10724
54
Indiana
796
13800
49
Washington
498
15689
46
Michigan
211
11412
39
G
28039
37
Missouri
465
10207
34
Maryland
896
19374
32
Minnesota
273
7968
31
Colorado
247
5944
26
Nevada
376
11809
25
Tennessee
209
3979
24
New Jersey
242
9320
23
Oregon
262
8416
23
West Virginia
172
3345
22
Louisiana
112
3956
21
Wisconsin
198
6045
20
Alaska
134
7158
18
Arizona
392
12166
18
Iowa
159
3517
17
Virginia
B
1543
17
Alabama
94
1534
16
Connecticut
301
11120
16
Kansas
95
3848
14
Kentucky
427
3031
14
Arkansas
94
1133
13
Area Name
Massachusetts
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix F December 27, 2012
F-1
APPENDIX F: STATE APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING PROGRAMS
EXHIBIT F-1 (CONT.)
APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING (611513) BY STATE, 2009
Paid employees for
pay period including
March 12 (number)
Annual
payroll
($1,000)
Total
Establishments
Georgia
94
2888
13
New Mexico
95
2327
13
Hawaii
B
3765
12
Montana
B
2712
12
Oklahoma
87
2889
12
Utah
C
3945
12
Nebraska
District of
Columbia
C
1781
9
B
D
8
North Carolina
26
397
7
Rhode Island
36
1229
7
Wyoming
A
519
6
Idaho
B
D
5
Maine
B
D
5
Delaware
8
134
4
Mississippi
B
D
4
New Hampshire
B
D
4
South Carolina
20
273
4
South Dakota
A
D
3
Vermont
A
D
2
North Dakota
B
D
Source: 2009 County Business Patterns Comparison
1
Area Name
A
0-19 employees
B
20-99 employees
C
100-249 employees
E
250-499 employees
F
500-999 employees
G
1,000-2,499 employees
The City and County of Denver
Final Report  Appendix F December 27, 2012
F-2