2011 APPEA Conference & Exhibition Daily Newspaper – Produced & Published by RESolutions Operations Group – www.resolutions-group.com.au
Daily Review
The
Monday 11 April 2011
Sponsored by Chevron
LNG: It’s not the problem,
it’s the solution!
Belinda Robinson, APPEA Chief Executive
Back To The Future: How
Far Have We Come?
T
HE LEAD STORY
ON THE COVER OF
THE CONFERENCE
NEWSPAPER, THE
DAILY REVIEW, IN 2009 STATED:
PROJECTS, JOBS, GOV REVENUE +
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS … LNG
HAS IT ALL. APPEA CHAIRMAN,
ERIC STREITBERG, CLAIMED
THAT THE LNG INDUSTRY
“HAS THE POTENTIAL TO HELP
LEAD AUSTRALIA’S ECONOMIC
RECOVERY”.
Jump forward two years to
the APPEA Conference 2011,
and guess what? APPEA is
outlining the same benefits of
LNG (particularly environmental)
and that significantly more can be
achieved by expanding Australia’s
LNG industry than any other energy
sector.
With the prospect of this cleaner
energy source being lumped in with
the big polluters under a revamped
ETS, could we be forgiven for
thinking the Federal Government
isn’t listening? Perhaps this
morning, Martin Ferguson, Minister
for Resources and Energy, will clear
the air and outline the Government’s
plans to expand this crucial energy
sector.
In her Sunday press conference,
APPEA Chief Executive Belinda
Robinson highlighted the report,
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Study of
Australian CSG to LNG, produced
by WorleyParsons, which compares
the amount of greenhouse gas
emissions associated with Chinese
power generators using Australian
LNG derived from CSG, and those
using imported black coal.
Even before the conference was
officially up and running, Robinson
launched the LNG balloon,
championing the industry and how
it could potentiality reduce global
greenhouse gas emissions.
“It’s being treated as a problem but
it’s not, it’s the solution”, she stated
to the press gallery.
Continued on page 3
Expanding Gas Plays Add Cost Pressures
And Stretches Tight Labour Market
U
NCONVENTIONAL
GAS IS SET TO BE ‘THE
NEXT BIG THING’ TO
CONTINUE SURGING
AUSTRALIA’S BOOMING
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
AHEAD IN THE YEARS TO
COME. ACROSS AUSTRALIA
THERE ARE A MYRIAD OF
LNG PROJECTS EITHER BEING
DEVELOPED, UNDERWAY OR AT
FID. HOWEVER, AUSTRALIA’S
PUSH TO TAKE THE TITLE OF
THE WORLD’S LEADER IN LNG
EXPORTS FROM QATAR BY
2020 COULD BE HALTED DUE
TO EXPECTED COMPETITION
BETWEEN LNG DEVELOPERS FOR
SKILLED LABOUR.
In less than 10 years Australia
is expected to produce around
160 MMt of LNG per annum if all
proposed projects get online on
time. Wood Mackenzie’s Head of
Australasia Upstream Research,
Craig McMahon will be discussing
Queensland’s CSG to LNG
unconventional gas plays at APPEA
today and said there is a massive
amount of investment in LNG
projects across Australia.
There are two projects in
Queensland which have reached FID
and are now under construction: the
BG sponsored Queensland Curtis
LNG and the GLNG project which
is a joint venture between Santos,
PETRONAS, Total and KOGAS. The
APLNG project, lead by Origin and
ConocoPhillips is targeting FID by
mid 2011.
“If you consider the three
projects in Queensland alone,
we’re expecting to see over
$70 B of capital committed to
delivering these, and that’s just the
unconventional projects”, McMahon
said. “There are even more
conventional projects in Western
Australia and in the Northern
Territory. The level of investment in
the LNG sector is absolutely huge
within Australia.”
McMahon said that even though
the scale of investment and potential
for these projects is massive, there
are a number of challenges facing
development of such projects. The
main issue which will affect projects
across the country will be the
availability of skilled labour.
“The CSG to LNG sector in
Queensland is competing with
other sectors across Australia
and internationally for a limited
skilled labour market”, he said.
“So within Australia they’ll be
competing against the conventional
LNG projects in WA, they’ll also be
competing against the mining sector
which will also be seeking some of
these generic skills.”
LNG projects in Queensland
will create thousands of jobs and
will demand skilled labour in their
construction and development
phases, putting an added pressure
on the already stretched skilled
labour market in Australia.
“It’s assumed that there’ll be an
influx of foreign labour, presumably
on short-term contracts and visas
to support the industry”, McMahon
said. “That will occur across
Australia as the country continues
to blossom from an oil, gas and
Ramform W – Bigger, Better, Safer
The Future of Seismic
mining perspective. Actually finding
the labour is one thing, having the
skilled labour is another.
“The other key factor in such
a tight labour market will be
inflationary pressures within the
labour market. So it’s one thing
to find the labour force but its
another question how much to pay
them. The impact of the higher
labour cost will obviously have an
impact on the economics of these
developments as well.”
Besides addressing the challenges
facing CSG to LNG projects in
Queensland, McMahon will
also be discussing international
unconventional activities and how
they’ll compete with projects in
Queensland. McMahon said that
Australia’s advantage above other
countries is its geographic position
because it gives it good market
access.
“Australia’s abundance of
gas reserves, conventional or
unconventional, really gives it the
opportunity to penetrate that market
and really grow its market share
within the Asia Pacific space”, he
said. “There’s been a lot of success
in Queensland and there’s great
potential for success within those
established basins, and the Bowen
Basin is really leading the way.
“There’s also a plethora of
other basins starting to emerge
in Australia and some of them
will be CSG focused. The main
unconventional play for Australia
will actually be shale and tight
gas focused. This has been one
of the major successful plays in
North America, and we’ve seen
a much greater interest on those
plays within the Australian space
as well. It’s very early at this stage.
But some of the initial results
have been encouraging and we
can demonstrate some of the key
success factors that we think will
be necessary to make some of these
projects fly.”
McMahon will be speaking
on ‘Review Of Australia’s
Unconventional Gas Plays’ in
session 8 at 3:45 today. ■
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Monday 11 April 2011
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Publishers of:
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All expressions of opinion in
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stated. Neither the Publisher nor APPEA
accepts responsibility for the accuracy
of any of the opinions or information
contained in The Daily Review and
readers should rely upon their own
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touching upon their own interests.
Loved APPEA 2011?
Is The Next Boom
W
ESTERN
AUSTRALIA IS
BRACING ITSELF
FOR AN ONSHORE
unconventional gas revolution
with all the elements lined up
perfectly such as the geological
knowledge, technology and
markets.
Department of Mines and
Petroleum (DMP), Executive
Director, Petroleum Division, Bill
Tinapple said that in WA shale and
tight gas will be the big winners
while CSG does not share the same
outlook.
A number of companies are
developing or pursuing appraisals
of resources in the Perth Basin
where the DMP estimates, on the
basis of previous drilling, there is
between 9 to 12 Tcf of tight gas.
The area is ideally located near the
pipelines and gas markets.
The Corybas tight gas field is
in production in the north Perth
Basin, 14 km east of Dongara, and
is the first tight gas field in the State
to be put on line.
It was discovered in February
2005 when Corybus-1 was drilled.
Low domestic gas prices prevented
further development until fracture
stimulations were conducted and
the well produced 1.951 Mm3 of
gas and 52.5 kL of condensate in its
first month of production in May
2009.
10% of WA is thought to be
prospective for shale gas with the
Canning, Carnarvon and Perth
basins the most prospective. This
area is equivalent to 50% of shale
gas areas in the USA,where shale
gas production has been growing
over the past 10–15 years.
Tinapple labelled the USA’s
unconventional gas progress as
‘phenomenal’ where shale gas
production has risen since 2000
from 1–20% of total gas production
in 2009.
Fig. 1. Growth of unconventional gas in the United States.
Fig. 2. Unconventional gas production in the United States is predicted to increase from 42%
of total gas production in 2007 to 64% in 2020 (Modified from American Clean Skies, Summer
2008).
Closer to home Queensland is
planning exports of LNG from CSG
to the Asian markets and may prove
to be a worthy competitor for WA’s
offshore projects, Tinapple said.
A number of LNG projects around
Port Gladstone and another at Abbot
Point are hoped to be operational
by 2014 and will give Queensland’s
CSG industry a major boost.
Until recently, the conversion
of CSG into LNG proved too
costly, but with the technical
Unconventional?
T: +61 (0)8 9347 9400
The Daily Review 3
developments and the right market
factors, it is about to be realised.
Back in the west, there are eight
conventional gas LNG projects at
various stages of conceptual design
and construction, to be supplied
from an offshore resource of 130
Tcf. Tinapple said that such a
large conventional resource, some
players are asking if unconventional
gas can compete. In response he
points to the continuing rise in
the cost of producing gas from
deep offshore waters. He suggests
that if all the LNG projects under
consideration in the West get up,
the offshore gas resource is unlikely
to be able to provide the facilities
with the required feed-stock to keep
running at full capacity.
With the oil price not looking
to be softening at any time soon,
the anticipated rise in gas prices
will only make the development
of unconventional gas more
favourable. ■
“When you consider that China
is 80% dependant on coal for
electricity generation and the
magnitude of Australia’s gas
endowment, Australia can make
a major contribution in reducing
global emissions”, Robinson said.
“And I say global quite
deliberately, this is a global problem.
The design of climate change
policy cannot be treated as a local
problem. We must think globally
but act locally. This is particularly
important when we start thinking
about LNG.”
Australia has $88 B worth of LNG
projects under construction and
another $130 B under consideration.
“Last year we saw more than $3.5
B spent on onshore and offshore
exploration, we have seen a number
of major new gas discoveries”, she
said. “CSG exploration continues to
expand to the extent where we are
now seeing CSG gas supplying 90%
of the Queensland gas market.”
Many subjects will be the focus
of discussions at the conference,
including taxation reform,
environmental controls, response
to the Macondo and Montara oil
spills and the Federal Government’s
proposed national petroleum
regulator.
With a record number of delegates
and so many hot topics to discuss,
the heat will be felt down the end of
the Terrace.■
Continued from page 1
Robinson said the report
concludes that for every tonne of
CO2 emissions associated with CSG
to LNG production, up to 4.3 t of
emissions are avoided when the gas
is used in place of imported coal, by
Chinese generators.
It finds for the CSG to LNG project
that’s exporting 10 MMt per annum
to China, could avoid more than 32
MMt of global CO2 emissions each
year. Over a 30 year project life of
a CSG to LNG project, the project
could avoid 968 MMt of carbon
dioxide a year. That is almost double
Australia’s total annual greenhouse
gas emissions. And I think that is a
number not to loose sight of.
Australia’s total emissions is 500
MMt. Almost twice that would be
The design of climate
change policy cannot
be treated as a local
problem. We must think
globally but act locally.
This is particularly
important when we start
thinking about LNG.
avoided just through a single 30 year
LNG CSG project. That is a really
good demonstration of where we
are coming from in terms of carbon
pricing policy.
Join us for APPEA 2012
13–16 MAY 2012
Adelaide Convention Centre, South Australia
Where the world meets
Australian oil and gas
APPEA 2012 | 13–16 MAY
4 The Daily Review Monday 11 April 2011
Monday Preview
All activities listed take place at the Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre unless stated otherwise.
5:45 am–7:15 am Plan B Pedal
2:00 pm
Take in some of Perth’s best cycle routes early in the
morning and be back in the CBD for coffee and breakfast
in time for the conference program.
Ideally suited to experienced amateur cyclists.
Meet at 5.45 am at the Bell Tower – Barrack Square, cnr
Barrack Street and Riverside Drive.
More details at www.appeaconference.com.au
Concurrent Sessions 1–4
3:15 pm–5:00 pm Meet the authors
Poster Presentation Area,
Exhibition Hall, Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre
Delegates are encouraged to take this opportunity to
meet the authors of the poster presentations and
discuss their displayed work.
Concurrent Session 1: Petroleum Acreage Release
Sponsored by: Australian Government Department of Resources,
Energy and Tourism
Sponsored by: BP Developments Australia Pty Ltd
2011 Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release
T Constable (Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism)
Organised and sponsored by: Plan B
3:45 pm
Exploration In Australia 2000–2010:
Reviewing A Decade Of Growth
P Rheinberg (Deloitte)
7:30 am–8:20 am Presenters’ Breakfast
Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre
By invitation only. This is a gathering of all
presenters at APPEA 2011.
Concurrent Session 5: PESA Industry Review
2010 PESA Industry Review — Exploration
C Lavin, T Walker and Y Knowles (Woodside Petroleum)
Geological Overview Of The 2011 Offshore
Acreage Release For Petroleum Exploration
T Bernecker (Geoscience Australia)
Sponsored by: BP Developments Australia Pty Ltd
PESA 2010 Production And Development Review
T Sebire (Woodside Petroleum2010
7:30 am–5:00 pm Conference Registration
Main Foyer, Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre
New Exploration Opportunities In The
Offshore Northern Perth Basin
A Jones, JM Kennard, CJ Nicholson, G Bernardel, D Mantle,
E Grosjean, CJ Boreham, DC Jorgensen and D Robertson
(Geoscience Australia)
8:00 am–6:00 pm 2011 APPEA Exhibition Open
Exhibition Hall, Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre
Sponsored by: Australian Drilling Associates Pty Ltd
8:00 am–6:00 pm 2011 APPEA Poster Presentations Open
Sponsored by: BP Developments Australia Pty Ltd
Australian States And Northern Territory
Acreage Update At APPEA 2011
B Tinapple (WA Department of Mines and Petroleum)
Plenary Session: Tomorrow’s Energy, Today
Concurrent Session 2: Well Control And Monitoring
Exhibition Hall, Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre
8:30 am
Environmental Update
T Halliday (Coffey Environments)
Concurrent Session 6: Hydrates
A New, Field-Proven, Cost-Effective Solution
For MEG Regeneration Unit Issues In Offshore
Australia Gas Production
E Sanford and R Alapati (Champion Technologies)
Sponsored by: BHP Billiton Petroleum and Clough Ltd
Western Australia State Government Address
Hon Colin Barnett MEc MLA,
Premier of Western Australia
Cost Reduction Of Subsea Gas Production Systems
Using Emerging Hydrate Remediation Technology
H Sheil, P Young (Peritus International Pty Ltd) and
M Richardson (Poyry Pty Ltd)
Kick Detection And Well Control In A Closed Wellbore
S Nas (Weatherford Solutions)
Australian Government Address
Hon Martin Ferguson AM MP,
Australian Federal Minister for Resources and Energy
Four-Well Comparison In Papua New Guinea:
High-Risk, High-Angle Wells Demonstrate Extended
Wellbore Stability And Faster Drilling Time With
Inhibitive High-Performance Water-Based Fluid
A Florence (Haliburton), M Dow, G Shieh (Oil Search Ltd)
and JV Babu (Haliburton)
APPEA Chairman’s Address
Eric Streitberg, Executive Director, Buru Energy Ltd
10:15 am
Design And Selection Of Corrosion Inhibitors
For Use In Subsea Facilities Supplied By MEG
Regeneration Systems
M Charlesworth, S Mancuso and T Shorthouse
(Baker Hughes)
Advanced Wireless Telemetry System For
Real-Time Surface Readout During Drill Stem Testing
S Sidek, WH Thai (Petronas), S Marimuthu, SVenugopal
and J Haddad and K Fink (Halliburton)
Conference Opening Ceremony
Address To The Industry
His Excellency, Jeffrey L Bleich,
US Ambassador to Australia
Concurrent Session 3: Legal And Commercial
Morning Tea In The Exhibition Hall
Dispute Review Boards: Expensive Or Priceless?
J McVeigh and K Walters (Minter Ellison)
Concurrent Session 7: Environment
Monitoring For Introduced Marine Pests For
The Gorgon LNG Project
FE Wells (URS Australia)
Balancing Environmental, Societal And Energy
Production Issues
RC Haut (Houston Advanced Research Center), T Williams
(Nautilus), G Theodori(Sam Houston State University)
and J Slutz (Global Energy Strategies)
Sponsored by: Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd
11:00 am
Liability In Oil And Gas: What Happened In The Case
Of Deepwater Horizon?
L McClurg (Piper Alderman)
Plenary Session: Where Are We Heading?
Sponsored by: Deloitte LLP
What Do The Numbers Say?
Global Statistics And Trends — Implications For
Will The Deep Sea Benefit From The Addition
Of Artificial Habitat Through The Rigs-To-Reef
Program?
D Booth (University of Technology, Sydney and SEASERPENT program), P Macreadie and A Fowler
Tax Issues Impacting Acquisitions In
The Oil And Gas Industry
C Dixon (Ernst & Young)
Australian Oil And Gas
(University of Technology, Sydney)
Dr Christof Rühl, Group Chief Economist, BP Plc
Confidentiality — Conditions, Compliance
And Consequences
J King and A Gibbs (DMAW Lawyers)
The World Turned Upside Down:
The Energy Of Geopolitics — Today And Tomorrow
Dr Joseph A Stanislaw, Independent Senior Advisor,
Energy & Sustainability, Deloitte LLP
Can The Asia Pacific Market Accommodate
Australia’s LNG Projects?
J Harris (IHS CERA)
Production System Analysis For Woollybutt
Mature Oil Field Using Dynamic Simulation
R Yokote, V Donagemma (Eni Australia) and
JC Mantecon (SPT Group)
Price Review Mechanisms In A Global Market
D Thomas and C Douglas (Minter Ellison)
Asia’s Energy Future: The Evolution Of Asia’s
Gas Markets And What It Means For Producers
Matthew Rogers, Former US Administration
Official and Energy Director, McKinsey & Company
Floating Early Production Systems
H Marcollo and C Carra (AMOG Consulting)
Networking Lunch In The Exhibition Hall
All delegates are invited to enjoy lunch in the
exhibition hall whilst perusing stands and
poster presentations.
Barrow Island Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
Polymer Pilot Part Two: Progress And Way Forward
D León, J Scott, S Saul, L Hartanto, S Gardner, P Costelloe,
E Santoso, W Widjanarko, P Welton (Chevron Australia
Pty Ltd) and A Fletcher (Parr Systems Pty Ltd)
3:15pm
APPEA Members’ Lunch – Invitation Only
Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre
Sponsored by: Momentum Partners
Sponsored by: Griffith Hack
Sponsored by: Hess Corporation
12:30 pm
Concurrent Session 8: Gas Markets
Concurrent Session 4: Production Technologies
Reflections Of A Departing CEO: The Future Of
Australia’s LNG Industry
Don Voelte, Managing Director and CEO,
Woodside Energy Ltd
12:30 pm
Concurrent Sessions 5–8
Review of Australia’s unconventional plays
C McMahon (Wood Mackenzie)
From State To Market And Back: The Role Of The
Public Sector In The Energy Markets
– The European Experience
K Talus (UCL School of Energy and Resources)
5:00 pm–6:00 pm Happy Hour In The Exhibition Hall
Sponsored by: CGGVeritas
A superb networking opportunity at the end of the
conference day and an ideal time to relax with industry
colleagues.
Afternoon Tea In The Exhibition Hall
Sponsored by: Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd
Sponsored by: BHP Billiton Petroleum and Clough Ltd
6:00 pm
Evening Free
Delegates are free to enjoy the delights of Perth and the
companies are encouraged to use this evening to host
clients at individual events around the city.
Monday 11 April 2011
The Daily Review 5
International Interest in APPEA
T
HE APPEA CONFERENCE
HAS ATTRACTED
A NUMBER OF
INTERNATIONAL
COMPANIES THAT ARE IN PERTH
AT THE MOMENT - AND THEY
ARE HERE TO SHOP, LOOKING
AROUND TO SEE WHAT THEY
CAN FARM INTO, ACCORDING
TO DEPARTMENT OF MINES
AND PETROLEUM, EXECUTIVE
DIRECTOR, BILL TINAPPLE.
Tinapple has recently returned
from NAPE in North America and
Aberdeen, where he said there was
much interest in Western Australia.
Based on their discussions
there are 10 to 12 international
companies interested in looking at
opportunities in Western Australia.
“We’ve got one company here
right now. It’s the Brazilian onshore
operator, Petra Energia, and they’re
pretty excited about WA”, Tinapple
said.
“Onshore is their main target
which is encouraging for us. They
are the largest onshore holder of
acreage in Brazil.
“They were either very clever or
very lucky in that they went into the
Brazilian onshore when the acreage
wasn’t very popular, about five years
ago, and they tied up a lot of acreage
when it was cheap. Then some big
players came in to adjacent blocks
and they got some discoveries- now
Petra Energia is looking to be very
much in the clover.
“Now they want to expand
overseas, so they’re looking at
frontier basins here in Australia as
well as in other countries.” ■
Bill Tinapple
CSIRO Rock Properties Laboratories
Conducting petrophysics, rock mechanics and rock physics research and commercial services for
the oil and gas industry
We have world-class facilities and
services or rock properties testing
Petrophysics
Rock Mechanics
ŸCT scanning, SEM-EDS, XRD
ŸCore flooding, porosity/permeability
ŸNuclear Magnetic Resonance
ŸElectrical properties from mHz to GHz
ŸImpedance and dielectric spectroscopy
ŸDesaturation/saturation experiments
ŸTriaxial tests
ŸUltrasonic velocity
ŸAnisotropy
ŸPore compressibility
ŸBorehole collapse tests
ŸSidewall core testing
ŸHPHT tests
ŸAcoustic emissions
ŸUp to 300 MPa cell pressure
ŸRoom temperature to 200˚C
ŸDry-wet conditions
Research projects
Applications
We conduct research that directly supports industry. Current
projects include:
Rock properties are critical for evaluation of:
ŸSaturation and recovery
ŸReservoir performance
ŸSeal capacity
ŸWettability
ŸWellbore stability
ŸReservoir compaction
ŸTop and fault seal integrity
ŸInjection/depletion
ŸSHARC Consortium – links between geomechanics, rock physics and
petrophysics in shales
ŸRock physics response to stress and saturation, especially with respect
to 4D seismic problems
ŸMultiphysics rock characterisation
ŸRock imaging and elastic property estimation
ŸIron-sulfides petrophysics
ŸShale Research Centre
ŸShale gas
Contact:
Petrophysics
Dr Ben Clennell
Phone: +61 8 6436 8599
Email: ben.clennell@csiro.au
Web: www.csiro.au/resources/Rock-mechanics-testing
ŸFault reactivation
Ÿ4D seismic feasibility
ŸCO2 storage
ŸShale gas
Rock Mechanics
Dr Dave Dewhurst
Phone: +61 8 6436 8750
Email: david.dewhurst@csiro.au
www.csiro.au/science/ShaleResearchCentre.html
ESREa001-11
6 The Daily Review Monday 11 April 2011
Welcome To Perth
Image courtesy of Perth Convention Bureau.
A
PPEA CANDIDATES,
WELCOME TO THE
SUBLIME, SUNNY AND
STUNNING CITY OF
Perth.
You are in for a treat, scoring a
trip to the lovely Perth. But if you
are a candidate who lives here...
please play down how great Perth
is … we like to keep it under
wraps. However, once the visiting
candidates do venture outside the
secret will not remain for long.
Perth has something for everyone,
old or young, big or small, male
or female, including food, fun and
festivities.
So if you get thirsty or hungry
after the hard yakka of APPEA,
mosey on down to the bars in the
busy Perth centre, or walk for about
15 minutes and let the bustling
Northbridge envelop you where
you can also delight your ears and
pop into The Ellington Jazz Club.
Want something a little bit more
classier try Subiaco or the funky
bars in Leederville, which will keep
you grooving. Why not check out
Fremantle where Mojo’s Bar will
entertain the musically inclined
with some indie tunes.
You are probably a very serious
industry member with lots of
responsibilities and many important
e-mails to answer but luckily due
to the leaps and bounds in the
technology world you can do that
from the bar. It’s called multitasking!
Just Do It’, as the advert suggests.
Sadly, Perth is unlike the city that
never sleeps and your eating and
drinking opportunities are limited,
so make sure to get in early. As for
Monday nights, definitely ring ahead
as many restaurants don’t believe in
eating out seven days a week.
If you are not interested in
anything else other than alcohol
and food (shame on you) then you
can probably stop reading now. For
others who might be planning to fit
in a few excursions, or take a short
break after the conference … please
read on.
There are plenty of delightful
things on the tourist trail … literally
on your door step is the beautiful
Swan river: you can walk or cycle
along it; head east by boat towards
the local wineries or head west
towards Fremantle and the mighty
Indian Ocean. If this is a little too
much, just relax on one of the many
grassy banks, take a walk down to
Barrack Street Jetty to visit the Bell
Tower and or the Lucky Shag.
How about checking out a giant
rat-like animal called a quokka, to
be found on Rottnest Island, which
is just a short boat trip from the port
of Fremantle or Perth. Oh yeah, the
island is nice too. You can’t take
your car, but you can cycle as much
as you like – there are plenty of bike
hire shops in Fremantle and on the
island.
There’s also the always-splendid
Kings Park on the edge of the City
and overlooking the convention
centre. It’s lusciously populated
with tall trees and native bush
which should provide enough shade
to wander around without slip,
slop and slapping. (Disclaimer: We
don’t want to get sued so why not
slip, slop and slap anyway?). Go for
an early morning walk, run or bike
ride and look out for the Zamia Cafe
– well hidden, but well worth the
hunt.
Get lost in Fremantle. Actually
on second thoughts, that might
difficult to do seeing as Fremantle
is probably a wee bit smaller than
most cities delegates are used to.
But how about ‘try’ to get lost.
Already mentioned for its live music
scene and great bars, there is also
great architecture to enjoy and the
‘Fremantle vibe’ is really infectious
(hopefully, not the type requiring
antibiotics).
While there why not venture
into the Fremantle Prison, and no,
not for any kind of misconduct
or punishment, but to explore the
prison from a historic point of view.
There are day and night tours,
described by some as scary and
screamingly scary!
After a visit of moderation to
Fremantle, perhaps combined with
a modicum of exercise, you will feel
relaxed and ready to roar, not snore,
for the next day of presentations at
APPEA.
And please, please, please do not
forget the lovely beaches that WA
has to offer. There really are too
many to visit them all, but here are
a few worth a look: Scarborough,
Trigg, Cottesloe and City Beach.
Do watch out for things with fins
lurking in the water.
After the beach why not indulge
in a bit of retail therapy? However
(according to one of our female
journos) if you are a man, then the
pub or Bunnings is probably where
you will most want to go. Perth has
a recent addition of Gucci and Louis
Vuitton and Tiffany & Co on Kings
Street in the city. So do venture out
and have a squiz, especially if you
are trying to get into your missus’s
good books again. You can pick her
up something special and she will
not be able to hold a grudge for too
much longer.
Now we are done with fine
shopping talk we can now progress
on to all things MANLY like sport.
Welcome to the home of AFL. You
will be forced to pick a team while
here, Dockers or Eagles, seeing as
the football season is already in full
swing. If you didn’t know Perth is
also the home of the Glory Soccer
Team.
Moving on from the female
journo’s perspective on sport, the
Perth area has some great cycle ways
and Challenge Stadium (just a short
bike ride from the city) has three
Olympic size swimming pools. Did
said female journo also forget to
mention that WA has some of the
world’s better surf beaches? Also in
the centre of the city, you can rock
climb and box – but please refrain
from doing these on our streets! ■
Brian Wickins and Julia Kogan, RESolutions
Resource & Energy Services.
Image courtesy of Perth Convention Bureau.
Monday 11 April 2011
The Daily Review 7
WA’s Onshore Industry In A Bind
W
ESTERN
AUSTRALIA'S
ONSHORE OIL AND
GAS INDUSTRY
is facing rig availability issues
and may be destined for a crisis
if companies and government
can't work together to address the
problem. Currently WA only has
one deep capacity drilling rig, the
Weatherford 826, but the state has
commitments for 92 wells over the
next three years which would keep
four rigs busy.
The WA Department of Mines and
Petroleum (DMP) has been working
with oil and gas companies to
determine what the companies need,
when they need it, and when they'll
be able to fund their programs so
the department can go to service
providers and broker a deal for a rig.
DMP Director of Petroleum and
Environment Bill Tinapple said
there are a lot of rigs being built
and packaged up with modern
equipment that could be modified to
comply with Australian standards
and mobilised here, but it's a
matter of finding a common ground
between the companies on when
and what type of rig is needed.
With the Weatherford 826
being contracted to QGC for its
Queensland drilling commitments
at the end of 2011, the WA sector
is nervous about what will happen
to its multi-billion dollar industry.
After recent talks the department
and about seven companies agreed
on contracting a rig to be mobilised
here by the end of the year or early
2012.
Tinapple said the target now is to
get one or two rigs here asap. “We've
got two different packages, ones
more of a light, mobile rig and the
other a deeper, but more difficult rig
to move”, he said. “We would like to
have both types of rigs but we don't
know what we're going to be offered
from the contractors. They may have
a rig that can drill very deep that's
still mobile.”
The department is looking for
rig contractors worldwide and has
already had some interest from
almost a dozen companies from the
US, Canada and Australia. Tinapple
said the Australian regulations for
onshore rigs are a factor that needs
to be taken into account when
selecting a rig contractor because it
is an added cost that has to be paid.
“It will take $4 or $5 MM to
get a rig here, and 12 months of
contracts”, he said. “The service
providers won't mobilise a rig
without having some contracts to
back them up.” The department is
waiting on operators to raise capital
by having big production successes,
Tinapple said.
The only really substantial
success the state has had over the
past year is at Empire's Red Gully.
But Tinapple said that if the state
gets successes from shale gas wells,
like Latent's Warro-4 which will be
drilled in May, then it will really
Macondo And Montara Reviewed
C
OFFEY ENVIRONMENTS
PRINCIPAL, TARA
HALLIDAY, WILL
PRESENT '2010
Environmental Update' at the PESA
Industry Review, Session 5, today at
3.45 pm.
The presentation reviews legislation
and regulations for environmental
approvals and management. It will
summarise major projects and their
environmental management and
implications. It reviews the findings
of enquiries into the Macondo and
Montara well blow-outs and their
implications for future oil and gas
exploration and identifies future
opportunities and collaborations
for environmental research and
management initiated by industry. ■
WA Resources Industry:
Backbone Of Australia’s Exports
W
ESTERN
AUSTRALIA’S
PETROLEUM
INDUSTRY, THE
STATE’S SECOND BIGGEST
RESOURCE SECTOR, REACHED A
RECORD REVENUE HIGH OF $22.9
B OF ITS $91.6 B RESOURCES
TOTAL AS OF 2010, ACCORDING
TO THE WA DEPARTMENT OF
MINES AND PETROLEUM (DMP).
These figures include crude
oil, condensate LNG, natural gas,
LPG butane and propane, which
accounted for 25% of the total
resource sales last year, increasing
its value by 36% from 2009.
“Iron ore, petroleum, and gold
continue to drive strong economic
growth in WA and together account
for 87% or $79 B of all mineral and
petroleum sales in 2010”, WA Mines
and Petroleum Minister, Norman
Moore, said.
“Continued growth in demand
from major trading partners
including China, Japan and the
Republic of Korea pushed export
earnings from the state’s resources
sector to record levels despite a
strong appreciation in the Australian
dollar.”
As a result of increased volumes
and higher commodity prices, 2010
mineral and petroleum exports
accounted for 91% of the state’s total
merchandise export earnings. “Due
to our state’s rapidly expanding
resources sector, export earnings
reached an impressive $100 B for
the first time”, Moore said.
“WA’s resources industry is
expected to grow strongly in 2011
and beyond, with more than $250
B earmarked for development and
expansions in major mining and
petroleum projects.” ■
encourage companies to raise the
capital they need to advance the
department's initiative of bringing
at least one rig to WA by the end of
2011.
In the worst case scenario where
companies and the department can't
reach an agreement on a rig contract,
Tinapple said that individual
companies (or clubs) may have to
bring in equipment themselves.
“However, the most likely impact
is that companies will claim 'force
majeure' and apply for deferrals of
work commitments”, he said. “DMP
would have to appraise these on
their individual merits but could
cancel titles for non-performance.”
But the department doesn't
believe the industry will have to go
into crisis mode and is adamant that
WA will have an onshore drilling rig
mobilised here before next year as
planned. ■
Weatherford 826 rig.
Image courtesy of Latent Petroleum.
8 The Daily Review Monday 11 April 2011
Excitement For Aussie Veteran
ExxonMobil, Australia’s oldest petroleum company, is still a fast-moving and exciting innovator.
What does your position entail
as chairman on a day to day
basis?
ExxonMobil is a large company,
and we operate in many countries
around the world. Globally, we
have a functional structure. In
Australia, my primary responsibility
is managing our production
business, providing oversight of
these operations – our Bass Strait
oil and gas fields which have been
producing for over 40 years – to
ensure it is operating effectively and
efficiently.
I also have the role of Chairman
of all the ExxonMobil businesses
in Australia. In this position I make
sure the company is effectively
represented to all our external and
internal stakeholders, including
government, business leaders and
our employees. I also ensure that
all the parts of our business –
including exploration, development,
production, refining and supply –
are working coherently to meet our
business goals. All these businesses
must adhere to standards and
procedures so that the company is
successfully managed.
How did you become
Chairman and what do you
hope to achieve in this role?
I was working in London
as the UK-Netherlands Joint
Interest Manager for ExxonMobil
International Limited and when
I was asked to take on this role I
couldn’t refuse. At that time I’d been
out of Australia for eight of the 10
previous years so I considered it
a great opportunity to come home
and be with family. This is where I
started my career with ExxonMobil
so it’s nice to be back in the country
where I’ve spent two-thirds of my
working life.
We have a very strong business
here in Australia, so when I took
on the role of Chairman, my main
goal was to maintain this, but also
look for ways to grow the business
further. I want to be able to take
advantage of all the opportunities
placed in front of the company
and utilise all the company’s
technical, financial and commercial
capabilities.
What projects is the company
involved with and how are
they going?
The Kipper Tuna Turrum project
is currently being developed in Bass
Strait and we have made significant
progress. This year is a big year for
the project – most of the offshore
equipment is already fabricated
and will be installed in 2011. This
project involves the development of
both subsea equipment and a new
platform, Marlin B, which will be
linked by a bridge to the existing
Marlin A platform. This project will
develop cleaner-burning natural gas
supplies to help secure Victoria’s
energy future, and holds enough
energy to power a city of a million
people for 35 years.
Over in the west, we are a 25%
foundation partner in the iconic
Gorgon project which is developing
the Greater Gorgon gas fields
located some 130 km off the WA
coast. This is a fast-moving project,
construction began on Barrow Island
just over a year ago and much work
has already been done on preparing
the site for the LNG plant, building
accommodation, and getting ready
for drilling. Already some $10
billion has been committed to
Australian companies across the
country and the total spend arising
from the Gorgon Project is expected
to reach $20 billion during the five
year construction period.
Also in WA , we are a joint
venture partner with BHP Billiton
in the Scarborough project. We are
currently in the concept select stage
of development.
What does the company’s
future look like?
The company here in Australia
has a very strong future. Our
operations in Bass Strait have
been producing for over 40 years
and there’s significant oil and gas
resources still to be produced in the
Gippsland Basin.
In 2001 we commissioned the
largest 3D survey ever recorded in
Bass Strait. We threw a 3,900 km²
seismic blanket over our northern
oil and gas fields, which brought a
massive flow of information into our
dataset, and resulted in a series of
successful field drilling programs.
We’re still taking full advantage of
this data and will continue to do so
to find further resources.
As I’ve also just mentioned, we
are currently involved in some of
the largest oil and gas projects in
Australia and these all have a longterm outlook – these are resources
that will continue to produce for the
next several decades in some cases.
What is the most important
technological advancement
you have seen or experienced
in your career?
Where to start! This industry
is renowned for innovation and
introducing new technologies to
meet ever-increasing challenges.
Drilling technology advances just
keep extending the viable depths
and distances that can be reached,
as well as cutting the time involved.
Wells longer than 11 km are not
exactly routine but they are viable
today. I can imagine 40 years from
now, someone looking back and
saying: “11 km? We did that easily.”
But perhaps the most significant
change has been the deployment
of computing and communication
capabilities enabling advances
in geoscience, engineering and
commercial applications. And that
means that we can now process
information faster and more
accurately. I’m always astounded by
the possibilities of science and how
people put ideas into practice.
What makes the company
successful?
We’ve been operating in Australia
for over 100 years – we’re the
country’s oldest petroleum company,
operating since 1895 through both
our upstream and downstream
businesses.
But what’s made us so successful
for over a century? Our experience
– and that comes down to the
people who work for us. We have
some of the most experienced oil
and gas engineers in Australia and,
indeed, in the world. Our people are
constantly selected for ExxonMobil
assignments all around the world
because of their talent. And then
they return to Australia to share
that experience and what they’ve
learned, which ensures that we are
constantly using best practices and
employing the latest technologies.
We also hire the best engineers
through our graduate recruitment
programs, and these young people
bring with them fresh ideas and
enthusiasm to the job they do.
Where did your interest in
engineering come from?
I’ve always been interested and
fascinated by mathematics – it was
one of my best subjects at school so
it was a natural progression for me
to start a Bachelor of Engineering
after finishing high school.
It wasn’t until the third year of
my degree that I actually realised
electrical engineering had a practical
application to humanity and how
we live. I recall realising this after
I’d made a digital clock as part
of an assignment. The outcomes
of engineering enhance people’s
lifestyles and solve problems. It
creates things that we use each day
and take for granted – whether
that’s a piece of furniture, a bridge or
the gas that comes out of your stove
to cook your dinner each night.
During university, I took a
vacation job with an oil and gas
services company in the jungles
of Kalimantan in Indonesia. It was
there that I got really interested in
oil and gas and realised the sheer
scale of the industry and the impact
that energy has on the lives of
people every day. As an engineer, I
found that incredibly stimulating,
and later pursued a career in the
area.
What is the greatest challenge
facing the industry?
As a company, we always take a
long term view. And our recently
published Outlook for Energy shows
that global demand for energy is
expected to increase by about 35%
by 2030, as compared to 2005. This
significant, long-term increase in
global energy needs is perhaps the
most important reality our industry
faces.
It’s not a matter of whether we
meet this demand using oil, gas,
coal, wind or solar – to fuel the
world, we need them all.
One of the real challenges
associated with this is how we can
ExxonMobil Australia Chairman John Dashwood at his Melbourne based office.
meet this demand in economic,
efficient and environmentally
responsible ways. As we in the
industry already know, this is
no easy task, and will require a
combination of enormous financial
capital, technological ingenuity,
engineering skills and management
expertise.
What are the trends in the
industry?
Five years ago in Australia
unconventional gas projects were
talked about a lot but nothing had
been developed. Last year alone
three or four unconventional
projects took FID, including the
world’s first CSG-to-LNG project.
For an industry that’s primarily
been Victoria and WA-based we’re
now seeing many projects up the
eastern coast, with more planned.
This means there are gas projects
in communities which typically
have had no history or experience
of these, so a lot of community
consultation and education will be
required. And vice versa, industry
needs to learn about the issues
facing the communities in which we
operate.
Within ExxonMobil we
announced the acquisition of XTO
in the United States in late 2009,
which will enhance our position in
the development of unconventional
natural gas and oil resources.
The other trend that springs
to mind is the ever-increasing
speed of the introduction of new
technologies. Over the years we’ve
seen so many innovations, and I
couldn’t even begin to predict what
will come next.
One of the exciting research
projects that ExxonMobil is working
on is developing biofuels from
algae. With our joint venture partner
Synthetic Genomics Inc we’re
exploring whether algae can be a
viable source of renewable fuels.
Who would have thought this was
possible 20 or 30 years ago?
It’s so exciting to think what kinds
of technology we’ll be creating and
using in another decade.
What are your career
highlights and your proudest
moment?
I’ve had many highlights and
most of them revolve around the
sense of achievement that you feel
when something is completed,
whether that’s a negotiation of an
agreement between several parties
or reaching a milestone in a project.
I’ve also learned a lot over the years
and have always found ways to use
that knowledge to improve future
projects.
By far my proudest moment
would be being present at the birth
of my two daughters, and watching
them grow up and turn into young,
independent women. I learn a lot
from them every day. Children
have a way of opening your mind
and removing boundaries that
can constrain novel approaches to
issues.
What advice would you give to
graduates?
Keep an open mind, in every
sense: culturally, in terms of the
career paths available, when dealing
with people. Don’t set boundaries as
to what’s achievable because you’ll
only limit yourself – there is so
much that can be achieved through
engineering, providing energy to the
world and the application of your
personal efforts.
What do you enjoy doing
outside of work and how
important is it to have a worklife balance?
Spending time with my family is
always my number one choice and
as a family we do a lot of activities
together. I also enjoy (trying to!)
keep fit.
Leisure time is important – it
keeps my health and sanity intact!
I always make an effort to keep
weekends as free as possible to
spend time with my family, and
I always take my annual leave –
taking time off work for a breather
is so important to ‘recharge the
batteries’. ■
Monday 11 April 2011
The Daily Review 9
Wheatstone Project – The Hub Of The Future
T
HE CHEVRON OPERATED
WHEATSTONE PROJECT
IS THE FIRST LNG HUB
IN AUSTRALIA TO
secure third party gas.
Chevron’s Wheatstone project has
gained momentum with the signing
of two joint venture participants –
Apache Julimar Pty Ltd, KUFPEC
Australia (Julimar) Pty Ltd, Chevron
and several customers have signed
initial agreements committing to
the sale of more than 80% of the
project’s first stage gas supply.
Chevron envisages that the
project, which entered FEED
phase in 2009, is set to be one
of Australia’s largest resource
projects, offering significant benefits
including an estimated 6500 direct
and indirect jobs, $20 B in income
for Australia through government
revenues and local business
opportunities for generations of
Australians.
Chevron is developing the
Wheatstone project as a greenfield
LNG and domestic gas project to
be located at Ashburton North,
12 km west of Onslow in Western
Australia’s Pilbara region. The
facility will have the potential to
produce 25 MMt of LNG per year.
With increased gas resources
assessed in the Wheatstone field
from the sub-surface appraisal work,
the two-train foundation project for
the Wheatstone LNG plant capacity
has been increased to 8.9 MMtpa.
The Wheatstone Foundation
project working interest has now
been agreed by all the participants
to align the respective gas resources
with the LNG plant capacity, as part
of the process of finalising the Joint
Operating Agreements. Chevron
will have 80% of the plant capacity,
Apache will have 13% and KUFPEC
will have 7%.
“Apache and KUFPEC bring
additional gas, economies of
scale and more momentum to the
Wheatstone project”, said Chevron
Australia’s Managing Director, Roy
Krzywosinski said.
“During the first 30 years of the
Wheatstone two-train foundation
development, it is estimated there
will be government revenues of
around $20 B and more than $15
B is expected to flow to Australian
businesses.”
FID on the project is expected
in the second half of 2011, once
environmental and other associated
agreements are finalised with
various levels of government. ■
Gorgon Celebrates
First Year
Wheatstone project site.
Common User Facility
Chevron’s Gorgon project underway.
T
HE CHEVRON-OPERATED
GORGON PROJECT HAS
MOVED FORWARD IN
GREAT LEAPS SINCE
construction began.
The Gorgon project – a Joint
Venture involving Chevron, Exxon
Mobil, Shell, Osaka Gas, Tokyo Gas
and Chubu Electric Power Company
– started construction on the ground
just over one year ago and has
already created more than 4000
jobs, moved 186 t of freight and
committed more than $10 B to local
businesses.
Chevron Australia Managing
Director Roy Krzywosinski said
significant construction milestones
had been reached over the past
year and the project remained on
schedule for first gas in 2014.
Work at Barrow Island continues
to focus on accommodation, site
preparation and logistics activities.
Dredging work off Barrow continues
to progress ahead of schedule with
more than half the work completed.
Work on the horizontal
directionally drilled shore crossing
site is progressing with the
conductor pipes installed; site works
are nearly completed and heavy
drilling equipment is moving into
place prior to spudding.
Chevron is expecting the arrival
of the Atwood Osprey drilling
rig in April, before commencing
operations offshore northwest
Australia.
Since construction started,
Chevron and JV participants have:
• Received international
recognition for the CO2 injection
project;
• Shipped 186,000 t of freight to
Barrow Island;
• Sent 1300 truckloads of material
to Dampier;
• Flown 38000 people to Barrow
Island;
• Mobilised 85 marine vessels;
• Added 1550 beds to the
accommodation facilities on the
island;
• Inducted 5000 people; and
• Trained more than 8,000
people in the quarantine
awareness program. ■
Government of Western Australia
Department of Commerce
For more information contact:
AMC Management (WA) Pty Ltd
Richard Clark or Jonathan Smith
Tele +61 8 9437 0500 Fax: +61 8 9437 0555
www.australianmarinecomplex.com.au
info@amccuf.com.au
10 The Daily Review Monday 11 April 2011
The Offshore Petroleum and
Greenhouse Gas Storage
Introduction
R
ECENT OIL SPILL
INCIDENTS
HAVE CAUSED
STAKEHOLDERS TO
QUERY THE APPROPRIATENESS
OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL
REGULATION OF THE OFFSHORE
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
A paper presented by Minter
Ellison’s Simon Ball will outline
the current laws which regulate the
offshore petroleum industry from an
environmental perspective, consider
the findings and recommendations
of the Montara Commission of
Inquiry, and compare existing and
recommended regimes against
what’s considered to be best practice
environmental regulation.
Environmental Plans Under The
Environmental Regulations
Prior to commencing any
petroleum activity the operator must
submit an Environment Plan to the
Designated Authority for approval.
The document must contain
information about monitoring and
reporting protocols, and an oil
spill contingency plan including
emergency response arrangements
regarding the particular activity.
The Designated Authority
approves the Environment
Plan when it feels the operator
has demonstrated that the
environmental impacts and risks
will be at an acceptable level and
complies with the OPGGS Act.
A plan may pertain to a particular
stage of the proposed activity
instead of the entire activity, or be
submitted before the commencement
of any new activity, or any
significant modification, change, or
new stage of an existing activity not
provided for in an Environment Plan
then in force.
Environment Plans require
regular review and updating and
must be revised and resubmitted
for approval at the end of five years
from the date of the most recent
acceptance.
It’s a civil offence to undertake
a petroleum activity without
an approved Environment Plan
or carry on an activity contrary
to the approved Environment
Plan, or breach the Environment
Regulations which may ultimately
lead to cancellation of the associated
petroleum title.
Unless provided for in the
current Environment Plan, it is an
offence for the operator to carry
out any activity that may cause
any significant new environmental
impact, risk or increase an existing
environmental impact or risk.
Each of the above are strict
liability offences and may incur a
fine of up to $8800 per day ($44,000
for a body corporate) for each day
the offence continues.
Other offences include
discharging ‘produced formation
water’ exceeding 30 mg/L during
any period of 24 hours into the sea
as a result of operations. This is a
strict liability offence and may give
rise to a fine of up to $4400 ($22,000
for a body corporate). This is not an
offence if the operator has the prior
written consent to do so.
of an activity that doesn’t have the
required approvals under the EPBC
Act.
Pollution Legislation
There is no single legislative
regime dealing with the protection
of the marine environment around
Current Environmental Regulation
There are two primary acts regulating offshore
petroleum activities:
1.
OffshorePetroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage
Act 2006 (OPGGS Act), and in particular the
Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage
(Environment) Regulations 2009 (Cth) made
under it, and
2.
the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity
Conservation Act 1999 (Cth).
The Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas
Storage (Environment) Regulations 2009 (Cth)
(Environment Regulations) applies to the conduct of
petroleum activities which may have an impact on
the environment. These include all operations and
works in an adjacent area that are carried out under
a petroleum instrument and any activity relating to
petroleum exploration or development (including the
conduct of seismic and other surveys).
The Environment Regulations require a title holder
to ensure that there is an operator responsible for the
overall management and operation of the activity at
all times.
Environmental Protection and
Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
(Cth) (EPBC Act)
The EPBC Act gives direct
effect to some of Australia’s
international environmental
obligations in areas of national
environmental significance. The
Federal Government’s involvement
in the environmental assessment
and approval process is triggered
by projects or activities likely to
significantly impact on matters of
national environmental significance
listed in that Act.
Specifically, it is an offence under
the EPBC Act to take any action
in a Commonwealth marine area
that has, will have or is likely to
have a significant impact on the
environment.
A person must not take a
‘controlled action’ unless they
have received approval. Without
approval, the proponent, if a
corporation, may face fines of up to
A$5.5 MM or its directors may face
up to seven years’ imprisonment.
In addition, various declarations or
injunctions can be sought by third
parties to prevent the carrying out
Australia. Instead there is an array
of pollution legislation aimed at
preventing and/or reducing the
impact of pollution offshore.
• Relevant legislation includes the:
Protection of the Sea (Prevention
of Pollution from Ships) Act
1983 (Cth)
• Environment Protection (Sea
Dumping) Act 1981 (Cth)
• Protection of the Sea (Powers of
Intervention) Act 1981 (Cth)
• Protection of the Sea (Civil
Liability) Act 1981 (Cth)
• Limitation of Liability for
Maritime Claims Act 1989 (Cth)
Findings And Recommendations
Of The Montara Commission Of
Inquiry
The report of the Montara
Commission of Inquiry (Montara
Report) was released to the public
on 24 November 2010. At the same
time the Government released its
Draft Government Response (Draft
Response) which accepts 92 of the
105 recommendations, notes 10 and
rejects three. The following outline
those recommendations that affect
the regulation of environmental
impact.
Single Regulator To Take
Responsibility For Safety,
Integrity Of Oil Wells, OH&S And
Environmental Standards
The Government has committed
to establishing a single national
regulator for offshore petroleum
activities by January 2012. To
do this, it will expand NOPSA’s
functions to include regulation of
structural integrity, environment
plans and day-to-day operations.
The new body is to be named the
National Offshore Petroleum Safety
and Environmental Management
Authority (NOPSEMA).
The report recommends the
separation of allocation and
management of resource titles from
the regulation of safety, environment
and well integrity. The Government
has proposed a National Offshore
Petroleum Titles Administrator
(NOPTA) to advise the Joint
Authority on title decisions,
administer titles and data relating
to offshore petroleum activities in
Commonwealth waters.
Amendments To Environmental
Approval Conditions
The Montara Report recommends
applying more stringent conditions
for approvals of prospective and
existing operations, including:
(a) Polluter pays principle
remediation obligations:
The report recommends that
the cost of responding to an oil
spill be totally met by the owner
operator of a facility. The Draft
Response supports this
change. This will be applied to
both prospective and existing
operations in Commonwealth
waters. Requirements for
environmental remediation in
the event of an incident will be
included as conditions of
approval under the EPBC Act.
The Government notes that the
OPGGS Act requires petroleum
titleholders to have adequate
insurance cover to meet the costs
of remediation of environmental
damage.
(b) Monitoring obligations: The
report recommended that
scientific monitoring obligations
be required in conditions
of approval for future projects.
The Government has accepted
this change, as well as the
Report’s recommendation that
the Commonwealth Department
of Sustainability, Environment,
Water, Population and
Communities (DSEWPC)
develop ‘off the shelf’
monitoring programs that can
be quickly implemented
following incidents
in Commonwealth waters
The Long Term Scientific
Monitoring Programme agreed to
by PTTEPAA will continue to be
managed by DSEWPC, and
lessons learned from this plan
will inform future development
of ‘off the shelf’ monitoring
plans.
What Characteristics Do Best
Practice Environmental Regulation
Have?
The following are characteristics of
modern best practice environmental
regulation:
(a) the necessity to undertake an
environmental impact
assessment of all impacts of a
project before it can commence;
(b) public participation in the
environmental impact
assessment process;
(c) ability for third parties to enforce
compliance with approvals and
legislative requirements;
(d) strict liability offences;
(e) simple, clear legislation that can
be understood and applied by all
stakeholders;
(f) a regulator solely focused on
environmental regulation and
separate from any authority
which administers other
administrative issues such as
the granting of licences to mine
or explore;
(g) personal liability for directors
and managers in the event of
offences; and
(h) significant penalties, including
jail.
Comparison Of Existing And
Recommended Regime With The
Characteristics Of Best Practice
Environmental Regulation
The EPBC Act is a modern
legislative regime in respect of
environmental regulation. It has
most of the characteristics of best
practice environmental regulation.
The primary issue in respect of the
EPBC Act is that it does not apply
to all offshore petroleum activities
and often will not result in an
assessment of all of the impacts of
the activity, just those related to the
matters of national environmental
significance that have triggered
the need for an approval under the
EPBC Act.
This then results in the Offshore
Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas
Storage (Environment) Regulations
2009 often being the primary
legislative regime for assessing
and addressing the environmental
impacts of some offshore petroleum
activities. This legislation does not
reflect the characteristics of best
practice environmental regulation.
In particular it does not provide for:
(a) public participation in the
assessment process;
(b) a regulator solely focused on
environmental regulation and
separate from any authority
which administers titling issues;
(c) personal liability for directors
and managers in the event of
offences;
(d) sufficient significant sanctions
for breaches; and
(e) the ability for third parties to
enforce compliance.
In respect of the EPBC Act it is,
depending on the location of
Continued on page 12
Monday 11 April 2011
The Daily Review 11
The AMC CUF Floating Dock Supporting North West Shelf Projects
W
ITHIN WEEKS OF
THE FLOATING
DOCK LAUNCH, THE
LATEST
major asset to be provided by
the West Australian Government
for common use was in action.
Built to handle commercial and
military vessels, the dock has been
busy providing open access to
operators, owners and maintainers
to undertake their repair and
maintenance activities either on the
dock or transferred to the hardstand
on self-propelled trailers.
The high number of vessels
operating in the North West Shelf
are now able to call on the facilities
available at the Australian Marine
Complex Common User Facility
(AMC CUF) for their maintenance
activities, whether they’re afloat or
docked. The dock measures 99 m by
44 m between the walls, and up to
11.2 m over the deck can lift a vessel
up to 12,000 tonnes.
Smaller vessels up to 4,500 tonnes
can also be moved off the dock on
self Propelled Modular Transporters
onto the adjacent serviced hardstand
for longer periods of refit and repair.
The AMC CUF has become the
entry point for marine activities on
the west coast. The facility has the
capacity to undertake shipbuilding,
ship module building, refitting
and maintenance on the full range
of vessels operating off WA. Local
industry benefits from the openaccess regime at the facility which
supports the growth of Australian
participation in major projects. ■
Who is building the
world’s largest CPF?
Who is providing the world’s best
with the world’s biggest challenge?
Who is offering you the chance to
achieve something extraordinary?
See us at APPEA.
www.inpexcareers.com.au
12 The Daily Review Monday 11 April 2011
Energy Crisis Post-tsunami:
Geothermal Offers Base Load Alternative
Gareth T. Cooper, Hot Dry Rocks
Japan’s conventional
energy constraint opens
unconventional doors
Japan is the third largest user of
energy in the world, but is only
16% self-sufficient according to
the Energy Information Agency
of the Japanese Department of
Energy. It is the world’s third largest
consumer and net importer of crude
oil (46% of energy consumption)
with Saudi Arabia providing the
lion’s share of that oil. In 2008
Japan had an installed electricity
capacity of 281,000 MWe, or about
six times that of Australia. The vast
majority of that electricity (63%) is
sourced from conventional thermal
generators (coal and gas fired), with
27% provided by nuclear sources
(Figure 1). Of the 2% of electricity
produced by renewable sources,
just over 535 MWe is produced by
volcanic geothermal sources from 20
power plants across Japan (Sugino
and Akeno, 2010).
However the relatively small
amount of geothermal electricity
production in Japan does not reflect
the overall geothermal potential
of the country, moreso it is a
reflection of a traditional conflict
between cultural and religious uses
of hot springs versus their energy
utilisation potential.
This dichotomy of abundant
renewable energy potential within
a sea of constrained conventional
energy reliance is not unique to
Japan. Most continental land masses
have regions of elevated crustal
heat flow which may make them
attractive for Engineered Geothermal
System (EGS) development. This is
particularly true in places proximal
to the volcanic arcs, such as Japan
and the Philippines, where regions
outside the scope of direct volcanic
expression may still have elevated
heat flow. The energy potential of
these geothermal provinces has
been previously over-looked due
to conventional thinking about
reservoir constraints or, in the case
of Japan, due to cultural conflicts.
However, in these places the
artificial stimulation of fracture
networks, characteristic of oil-sector
enhanced recovery technology, can
be utilised to recover thermal energy
using EGS.
Fig. 1. Sources of Japan’s 281,000 MWe electricity capacity (www.eia.doe.gov).
Engineered geothermal
solutions post-Fukushima
Since the Fukushima disaster
there has been significant
commentary and interest in the
viability of EGS as a base-load
energy source. The Korea Institute
of Geology, Mining and Materials
(KIGAM) in neighbouring South
Korea has accelerated plans
for a 1.5 MWe (net) pilot EGS
project (Song, 2011). Meanwhile,
Australian-based geothermal energy
consultancy, Hot Dry Rocks Pty Ltd
(HDR), has entered into a global
geothermal alliance to form the EGS
Global Group, which comprises
some of the world’s leading
experts in EGS technology: HDR;
British-based EGS Energy Limited;
Germany-based BESTEC GmbH;
and GPC Instrumentation Process
SARL of France.
On the island of Luzon,
in the Philippines, HDR has
been actively advising a local
geothermal exploration company
re-investigating areas that have
previously been dismissed as viable
for geothermal development due to
assumptions based on conventional
reservoir potential. These areas
have excellent temperature
potential, with 293°C recorded at
2.4 km depth at one location in
1981 (Figure 2). Advances in EGS
technology, and learnings acquired
from both the European Union
Geothermal Project and Australian
private EGS exploration and
development since 2000, now make
many such areas of the Philippines
potentially attractive for
development. The same holds true
for many other parts of the world.
In much the same way that oil
and gas companies are constantly
developing new technologies to
extract resources from previously
drilled and abandoned patches and
in deeper waters, the geothermal
sector is also looking beyond the
existing paradigm. In an energy
and carbon-constrained world, EGS
offers a clean, safe and reliable
alternative base-load energy source
for the future.
References
Fig. 2. A geothermal well head in the Philippines abandoned in the 1980s in spite of recording a
temperature of 293°C at 2.4 km depth.
Geothermal Option Warms Up
I
Sugino, H. and Akeno, T.,
2010. Country update for
Japan. Proceedings of the World
Geothermal Congress, 25-30 April
2010, Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia. ■
T IS A LITTLE KNOWN
FACT THAT WHEN THE
DEVASTATING TSUNAMI
CRASHED INTO THE
shores of Sendai, Japan on 11
March, the country’s geothermal
energy power plants were largely
unaffected.
However with four nuclear
plants taken off-line, with over
12,000 MWe combined capacity,
and an ensuing melt-down at
Fukushima, the global community
is now reassessing long-term
plans for future nuclear power
plant commissioning. A number
of national governments placed
an immediate moratorium on
further nuclear energy plans and
Minister does not require further
assessment and approval under the
Act. Breaches of the plan would
be deemed to be a breach of the
Australian Environment Act, thereby
opening up the compliance and
enforcement provisions of the Act
for use in such cases.”
Conclusion And Impacts For
Stakeholders
While the recommendations of
the Montara Report go some way
to addressing the issues associated
with the environmental regulation
of the offshore petroleum industry,
one would suspect that given the
high focus on this activity further
changes will occur in the future.
The current and proposed regimes,
without further amendments to the
EPBC Act, are likely to continue to
be criticised as they do not exhibit
the characteristics of best practice
environmental regulation. Likely
changes could include:
(a) Amendments to the EPBC
Act to ensure that all offshore
environmental activities receive
a full environmental assessment
under this legislation. This
would result in greater public
participation and scrutiny and
provide third parties with the
ability to commence actions in
respect of decisions under the
EPBC Act and acts that are in
breach of it (see section 487 and
475 of the EPBC Act); and
(b) Removing the environmental
assessment role from the
Energy Information Agency,
Country Analysis Briefs, March
2011. http://www.eia.doe.gov/cabs/
Japan/pdf.pdf
Song, Y., 2011. Geothermal
characteristics, utilisation, and R&D
activities in Korea. Proceedings of
the Australia-Korea Green Growth
Workshop 17-18 March 2011, The
Sebel Hotel, Melbourne, Australia.
in Germany the CDU-FDP coalition
government’s decision to extend the
lifespan of Germany’s remaining 17
nuclear plants has caused policy
chaos with the German Greens Party
riding to resounding victories in
the conservative states of BadenWürttemberg and Rheinland-Pfalz.
Regardless of technical and political
opinions of nuclear energy, it is a
fact that nuclear energy has suffered
a major public-relations body-blow.
Conversely, in the wake of the
tsunami, other sources of energy
have risen in the agenda for many
countries, notably Engineered
Geothermal Systems (EGS). ■
Continued from page 10
the activity, an exceptions-based
environmental assessment and not
a holistic environmental assessment
of all impacts. Only those matters
of environmental significance that
result in an activity being deemed to
have, or likely to have, a significant
impact on a matter of national
environmental significance will
be assessed, not the impacts of the
activity generally.
These issues were recognised well
before any of the current industry
scrutiny, indeed the recent review
of the EPBC Act titled, ‘Report of
the Independent Review of the EPBC
Act, October 2009’ included the
following statement in respect of the
above mentioned inadequacies:
“18.137 It is appropriate that
the EPBC Act continue to apply
to petroleum activities. However,
the approvals processes under
the OPGGSA and the EPBC Act
should be streamlined. The ideal
arrangement would be to require the
Environment Minister’s approval for
the environment management plan
required for a petroleum activity
(as defined under the Petroleum
Regulations).
18.137 The Environment Minister
could be the Designated Authority
for approving an environment
management plan under the
Petroleum Regulations, and the
Australian Environment Act could
provide that an action covered
by an environment management
plan approved by the Environment
Commonwealth Department
of Resources, Energy and
Tourism and moving it to the
DSEWPC to ensure that all
offshore activities are assessed in
respect of environmental
impacts by a body which
is separate to that body which
administers the titling aspects of
the industry. Given that
stakeholders are likely to
continue to push for the above
changes, it is vital that industry
prepares itself for the
likely changes to its regulatory
environment. ■
Monday 11 April 2011
The Daily Review 13
PESA Deal Day 2011
M
ORE THAN 150
HARDY SOULS
BRAVED THE
EARLY SUNDAY
MORNING START TO ATTEND
THE PESA DEAL DAY AT THE
2011 APPEA CONFERENCE
HERE IN PERTH. THERE IS NO
DOUBT IT WAS WORTH IT, AS
THEY WERE TREATED TO 20
PRESENTATIONS ON MORE THAN
50 OPPORTUNITIES OF ALL SIZES
AND SHAPES.
The opportunities ranged from
onshore and offshore, Australia and
overseas, exploration, appraisal
and producing assets. Presenters
represented Australian, Canadian,
New Zealand and UK companies
and groups. About half of the assets
discussed were Australian, with the
other half from all over the world.
This underlines the international
flavour of the Deal Day and the
APPEA Conference, as well as the
industry these forums support. This
year’s Deal Day was a record in
terms of attendance and diversity of
opportunities.
The Deal Day was sponsored
by a number of companies, who
between them ensured that the day
was an success. These included
platinum sponsors Lucas Drilling
represented by Geoff Silcock and
AWT International (Wal Muir),
and bronze sponsors Indigo
Pool (a Schlumberger company)
represented by Rob Singh, PIRSA
(Primary Industries and Resources
South Australia) (Elinor Alexander)
and Envoi Ltd (Mike Lakin). PESA
is very grateful to these sponsors
for the confidence they have in the
Deal Day.
The day was organised by
AWT International which is a
merger between MBA Petroleum
Consultants and Advanced Well
Technologies, with Pam Jokic from
the AWT International office in
Brisbane taking charge of running
the event. The event was chaired
by Wal Muir, Technical Director of
AWT International.
All attendees were presented with
a folder which contained a CD with
all the presentations given on the
day and a number of other handouts
from presenters.
Mention must be made of the
‘Special Prize’ (a bottle of Margaret
River Classic White) awarded to
John Heugh for the best disclaimer
of the day. ■
14 The Daily Review Monday 11 April 2011
CSIRO Scientists Track Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill
Possible uses of selective hydrocarbon sensors within the marine environment.
L
AST YEAR CSIRO
SCIENTISTS WERE
CALLED IN BY BP TO
HELP MONITOR THE
GULF OF MEXICO OIL SPILL
USING THEIR PROTOTYPE
HYDROCARBON SENSOR ARRAY
TO MAP THE LOCATION AND
MOVEMENT OF THE OIL.
The data collected was used to
inform BP and the Unified Area
Command, who oversaw the
response effort, about the extent
of the oil spill and condition of
the waters just below the slick.
The hydrocarbon sensor team
surveyed over 8000 nautical miles,
predominately along the Florida,
Alabama and Mississippi coastlines.
Dr Andy Ross, from CSIRO’s
Sensors team leader Dr Andrew Ross with a
nanochemical sensor his team is developing.
Image credit: Darryl Peroni Photography.
Wealth from Oceans Flagship, leads
the research team that was in the
Gulf from May to September last
year, working a 24-hour roster to run
the system continuously.
“The hydrocarbon sensor array
was used to survey the surface
waters of the Gulf of Mexico very
quickly, covering several hundred
miles a day, allowing us to build
a picture of the surface water’s
hydrocarbon composition”, Ross
said. “The information gathered gave
US authorities a good understanding
of what was happening in the water
to help them to make important
decisions, such as when the fisheries
could be reopened.”
All in all, Ross said that the
condition of the Gulf water was
better than he had expected.
“Generally the results were
showing that it didn’t appear to be
exceeding the EPA (United States
Environmental Protection Agency)
limits and that the contamination
from the MC252 well was not as
severe as first thought”, he said. The
team is currently in the final stages
of verifying those results back in
Perth.
CSIRO’s prototype sensor system
is designed to rapidly detect
and analyse different types of
hydrocarbons, including oil and
gas, in the marine environment.
It consists of a number of rapidly
responding sensors that can detect
the presence and concentrations of
hydrocarbons in the water column
within seconds.
The major application of the
hydrocarbon sensor array is
petroleum exploration – to detect
natural hydrocarbon seeps that
may come from untapped oil or gas
deposits beneath the seabed. The
deployment of the sensors to the
Gulf of Mexico is a great additional
use of the technology, enabling realtime environmental monitoring. ■
CSIRO scientist working on underway pump
for hydrocarbon sensor system before the
pump’s subsequent deployment into water
column. Image credit: Andrew Ross, CSIRO.
CSIRO scientists taking oil mousse samples
from water hose used on the underway
hydrocarbon sensor system. Image credit:
Andrew Ross, CSIRO.
Marine Mammals: Sound Exposure Level Study,
Browse Basin
A
COMMON APPROACH
TO ENVIRONMENTAL
RISK ASSESSMENT, AS
A MEANS TO
assess the level of risk to marine
animals from anthropogenic
sound during seismic surveys, is
to compare either measured or
modelled estimates of underwater
sound levels to a known sound
level threshold criterion.
Over the years, a number
of measures have been used
to calculate and characterise
underwater sound thresholds for
marine mammals, including Sound
Pressure Level (SPL), and more
recently Sound Exposure Level
(SEL). SEL was suggested as an
appropriate measure to indicate the
onset of Temporary Threshold Shift
(TTS) occurring in marine animals
by an expert panel of researchers in
2007.
Petroleum Geo-Services (PGS)
commissioned a SEL study in
preparation for a large multiclient 3D seismic survey planned
for late 2010 in an area of the
Browse Basin, adjacent to the
environmentally sensitive Camden
Sound area, off the Kimberley
coastline in Western Australia.
The Centre for Marine Science
and Technology (CMST) at the
Curtin University of Technology
built a comprehensive bathymetric
model of the area between Camden
Sound and the survey location,
and used two 'seabed geo-acoustic
models': sand/limestone (worst
case: most reflective); and silt (best
case: least reflective).
Noise propagation modelling
over the frequency range of 8 Hz to
1 kHz was used to build 3D maps
of sound levels throughout all
areas inshore of the seismic survey.
The CMST SEL modelling results
were integrated with other airgun
array and SEL modelling pursued
by PGS. In all scenarios, for all
modelling methods considered
and for all regions of interest,
the modelled SELs are below the
threshold criterion applied in this
case by the DSEWPaC.
The results of this study will be
presented this afternoon (Session
18, Meeting Room 1 & 2) by
Andrew Long, Ph.D. Chief Scientist,
Geoscience & Engineering Data
Processing & Technology, PGS. ■
Modelled SEL levels from a discrete shot location near the Camden Sound.
Monday 11 April 2011
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Manifesto
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Cinema
Paradiso
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Arts
Complex
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Greenhill
Galleries
Creative
Native
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Playhouse
Theatre
L
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Goddard de Fiddes
Gallery
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Point Fraser
Wetlands
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Aboriginal Art &
Craft Gallery
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Aspects of
Kings Park
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Federation
Walk
U
V
PERTH
Perth is the capital of Western Australia (WA) and
is located in the SW corner of the State.
Latitude: 31 degrees 57 minutes South
Longitude: 115 degrees 51 minutes East
exchange currencies and are open from 9.30 am
to 4 pm Monday to Thursday and to 5 pm on
Friday.
CAR RENTAL
February Average Daily Temperature:
Maximum: 31º
Minimum: 18º
Avis ........................................................... 13 63 33
www.avis.com.au
Budget Car and Truck Rental ................. 13 27 27
www.budget.com.au
Europcar ................................................... 13 13 90
www.deltaeuropcar.com.au
Hertz ......................................................... 13 30 39
www.hertz.com
Thrifty ............................................... 1300 36 72 27
www.thrifty.com.au
BANKS
EMERGENCIES
Most banks are open from 9.30 am to 4 pm, and
to 5 pm on Fridays; some smaller banks and credit
unions may be open on Saturday mornings.
Calls to 000 are free within Australia and can be
made from public and private telephones.
POPULATION
Perth Metropolitan Area: 1.6 million
WA: 2.1 million
CLIMATE
Perth enjoys a Mediterranean climate, with warm
to hot summers and cool, wet winters.
Perth and Fremantle contain numerous ATMs,
accepting most cards.
ANZ Bank ................................................ 13 13 14
BankWest ................................................ 13 17 18
Bendigo Bank ................................. 1300 366 666
Commonwealth Bank ............................ 13 22 21
Macquarie Bank Ltd ...................... 1800 806 310
National Australia Bank ....................... 13 22 65
Police and Nurses Credit ...................... 13 25 77
St George Bank ....................................... 13 33 30
Westpac ................................................... 13 20 32
BUSES
Perth CBD is well connected by buses and travel is
FREE OF CHARGE by bus (or Train) as long as you
board and alight within the Free Transit Zone (FTZ).
There is also a free Central Area Transit (CAT)
system. There are two routes that operate in
east-west and north-south directions. For more
information contact TransPerth on 13 62 13, or
http://www.transperth.wa.gov.au/
CONSULATES
Austria ...9261 7035
Canada ...9322 7930
China ......9222 0333
Finland ...9321 2100
France ....9284 8820
Germany 9221 2941
India .......9486 9011
Ireland ....9385 8247
Spain .......9225 5457
Thailand 9221 3237
USA .........9202 1224
Italy .................... 9322 4500
Japan ................. 9480 1800
Malaysia ............ 9225 7055
Netherlands ...... 9486 1579
New Zealand 02 8256 2000
Greece ............... 9325 6608
Indonesia .......... 9221 5858
Philippines ....... 9481 5666
Sweden ............. 9204 0900
UK ....................... 9224 4700
CREDIT CARDS
American Express .......................... 1300 132 639
Diners Club ...................................... 1300 360 060
Visa ................................................... 1800 450 346
CURRENCY
Australian currency is decimal, with the dollar as
the basic unit (100 cents equal one dollar). Notes
come in denominations of $100, $50, $20, $10 and
$5, while coins are $2, $1, 50c, 20c, 10c and 5c
denominations.
Currency exchange facilities are available at
the Perth International Airport. City banks will
Ambulance, Fire, Police ................................000
Alcohol & Drug Information .............. 9442 5000
Crisis Care ............................................ 9223 1111
Doctor Locum Service ........................ 9328 7111
Interpreter Service ................................. 13 14 50
Medic Alert .......................................... 9334 1222
Police Non-emergency ......................... 13 14 44
Poisons Information ............................... 13 11 26
RSPCA ................................................... 9248 3155
Sea Rescue Information ..................... 9442 8600
FACSIMILES
Faxes can be sent from most post offices.
Telephone 13 13 18 to be automatically connected
to the nearest post office from where you are
calling. Most hotels and motels have facsimile
machines which they will allow guests to use.
HOSPITALS
Royal Perth Hospital ........................... 9224 2244
Wellington St, Perth
Fremantle Hospital .............................. 9431 3333
Alma St, Fremantle
King Edward Centre for Women’s Health 9340 2222
Bagot Rd, Subiaco
Princess Margaret Children’s Hospital 9340 8222
Roberts Rd, Subiaco
Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital ........... 9346 3333
Verdun St, Nedlands
Woodside Maternity Hospital ........... 9319 7200
Dalgety St, East Fremantle
There are a lot of opportunities to shop in Perth along
the many thoroughfares, malls and arcades. Take your
time to explore the arcades which are often multi
level with some connecting with other arcades.
8 am – 9 pm, Monday to Friday
8 am – 5 pm, Saturday
11 am – 5 pm, Sunday
TAXIS
Perth has three large taxi companies - Independent
Taxis, Swan Taxis and Black & White Taxis. All the
taxis are meter operated by time and distance, and
operate 24 hrs a day.
Black & White Taxis ................................ 131 008
Swan Taxis ................................................ 131 330
TELEPHONE
A standard fee applies to all local calls made
within Australia, with the exception of information
lines, irrespective of the length of call.
From a public phone box, the minimum call charge
is 50c. STD (Subscriber Trunk Dialling) and IDD
(International Direct Dialling) are charged by
distance as well as the length of the call. Different
rates apply to different times of the day, and to
make a telephone call during an off-peak period
can result in substantial savings.
Details of rates can be found towards the front of the
Perth White Pages telephone directory. 13 numbers
will cost you the same as a local call, both 0500 and
1800 numbers are free call numbers, while 1901 and
1902 information calls are usually charged at a fixed
rate per minute, some price-capped and some not.
STD and IDD codes can be found towards the
back of the directory, along with time differences
from Western Standard Time. Depending on
the payphone, calls may be made using coins,
Telstra or Optus Phonecards (available from most
newsagencies) or credit cards.
If you can’t find the phone number in the phone
book (or you can’t find a phone book at all), you can
call directory assistance on 1223 for all Australian
numbers, or on 1225 for international numbers.
Alternatively, try the White Pages telephone
directory online. Complete instructions on how to
call home from WA can also be obtained from the
White Pages online.
PLACES OF INTEREST
HOTELS
Somerset ........ 9226 3355
Duxton ........... 9261 8000
Holiday Inn .... 9261 7200
Hyatt Regency 9225 1234
SHOPPING
Mercure ...9326 7000
Novotel.....9221 1200
Rydges......9263 1800
Sheraton ..9224 7777
PHARMACIES/CHEMISTS
Friendlies Chemist Perth ......................9321 5391
849 Hay Street, Perth
West Leederville Pharmacy ................9381 5087
Shop 1, 115 Cambridge St, West Leederville
Beaufort Street 24 hour Chemist .........9328 7775
647 Beaufort St, Mount Lawley
Friendlies Chemist Subiaco.................9381 1468
or ........................................................1300 534 453
136 Rokeby Rd, Subiaco
King’s Park
This is Perth’s number one tourist attraction. Perth is
unique in having a 400 ha (1000 acre) park, with such
large areas of native bush so close to the CBD.
The park is only a few minutes from the CBD at the
top of Malcolm Street. Transport to the park is free,
on Transperth buses, within the Free Transit Zone
(FTZ). On arrival enjoy the panoramic view of the
city from Fraser Avenue or enjoy the view with a
snack or meal at Fraser’s Restaurant.
You can explore the park by foot, bike or take a
ride on the tram. For more information visit Kings
Park online (http://www.bgpa.wa.gov.au/) or call
9480 3600 Monday – Friday, 9 am – 4.30 pm.
Perth Mint .............................................. 9421 7223
310 Hay St, East Perth
The oldest mint in the world still in operation on
its original premises. The mint was established
in 1899 and specialises in making gold, silver
and platinum coins. Open seven days a week
9 am – 5 pm.
Perth Zoo ............................................... 9474 3551
Labouchere Road, South Perth
Australia’s best small zoo is just 5 min from the
Perth CBD on the banks of the Swan River.
Perth Zoo is open every day of the year – in fact
it has not closed for a single day since it opened
back in 1898. You will need at least half a day
to see everything Perth Zoo has to offer but we
recommend a full day to make the most of your
visit. Open 9 – 5 pm every day of the year.
AQWA – The Aquarium of WA
9447 7500
Hillarys Boat Harbour, Sorrento Quay (20 km north
of Perth city)
Explore 12,000 km of WA’s coastline in just one day
at AQWA. From the icy cold waters of the Great
Southern Coast to the tropical wonderland of the
far north, take an underwater journey to discover
the incredible and unique marine life of WA.
Join AQWA Adventures for the experience of
a lifetime – a snorkel or dive with the sharks.
Snorkellers or qualified scuba divers can join the
dive master to encounter sharks, stingrays, turtles
and thousands of fish in the three million litre
Shipwreck Coast aquarium. Open 10 – 5 pm daily.
Fremantle
Sitting at the mouth of the Swan River, 19 km from
Perth, Fremantle is a vibrant, eclectic city, and
is only 20 min from Perth (via Stirling or Canning
Highway), Rottnest Island and the airport.
Fremantle was founded in 1829 by Captain
Charles Howe, who took possession of the WA
coast in the name of King George IV. Convict
labour was used to build many of the original
buildings and with the gold rush, Fremantle soon
became a thriving port.
It is home to some of WA’s most beautiful heritage
buildings, great beaches, delicious seafood,
talented artists and designers. Fremantle has
seven-day shopping and offers a fantastic array of
food, fun and entertainment for all ages.
When you visit Fremantle, be sure to see the
spectacular WA Maritime Museum, Fremantle
Prison, Fremantle Fishing Boat Harbour, Cappuccino
Strip and browse through the historic Fremantle
Markets, then relax and watch the sunset on South
Beach.
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HELPFUL INFORMATION
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The Daily Review 15
Jackson’s ................................................9328 1177
483 Beaufort St, Highgate
Lamont’s Bishops House ......................9226 1884
Spring Street and Mounts Bay Rd, Perth CBD
Must Winebar Restaurant ....................9328 8255
519 Beaufort St, Mt Lawley
Restaurant Amuse .................................9325 4900
64 Bronte St, East Perth
Star Anise ...............................................9381 9811
225 Onslow Rd, Shenton Park
The Quarter ............................................9322 2424
Shop 10, 93-95 William St, Perth CBD
Organic
City Farm Cafe ........................................9325 7230
1 City Farm Place, East Perth
Greenhouse ............................................9481 8333
100 St Georges Tce, Perth
Italian
Caffe Italia ..............................................9221 3100
251 Hay St, East Perth
Zafferano ................................................9321 2588
Old Swan Brewery
173 Mounts Bay Rd, Crawley
Ecco’s (Woodfired pizza) ......................9388 6710
23 Rokeby Rd, Subiaco
Chinese/Vietnamese
Grand Palace .........................................9221 6333
3 The Esplanade, Perth CBD
Lido Restaurant......................................9227 5545
Corner Robinson Ave, 416 William St, Northbridge
Sung Fung on the River.........................9221 1868
Old Perth Port, Barrack Square Jetty, Perth CBD
Indonesian
Tasik Restaurant ..................................9228 1884
63 Aberdeen St, Northbridge
Indonesia Indah Restaurant...............9221 3970
120 Barrack St, Perth
Indian
Annalakshmi on the Swan (Vegetarian).9221 3003
Jetty No 4, Barrack St, Perth
Royal India .............................................9324 1368
1134 Hay St, West Perth
Nine Mary’s ............................................9226 4999
16 Milligan St, Perth
Mela Indian Sweets & Eats ...............9227 7367
428 William St, Northbridge
Japanese
Matsuri Japanese .................................9322 7737
QVI Building
250 Georges Street Tce, Perth CBD
Tansawa Tei ...........................................9228 0258
1 Shenton St (Cnr James St), Northbridge
RESTAURANTS
Seafood
Bluewater Grill ......................................9315 7700
Heathcote Reserve, 56 Duncraig Rd, Applecross
The Boatshed’s Restaurant ..................9474 1314
Coode Street Jetty, Coode St, South Perth
Modern Australian
Balthazar Restaurant ............................9421 1206
6 The Esplanade, Perth CBD
Friends Restaurant ................................9221 0885
Hyatt Centre, 20 Terrace Rd, East Perth
Thai
Dusit Thai ...............................................9328 7647
249 James St, Northbridge
Nahm Thai ..............................................9328 7500
223 Bulwer St, Perth