Multi-conductor Train Simulations
for Electrification System
Design, Implement, Application
Michael Chen, Roger White, Tony Fella
Atkins Rail
Stuart Hillmansen, Paul Weston
University of Birmingham
Contents
●
Introduction
– KTP/University of Birmingham/Atkins
– Electrified railways and Issues
– Aims and objectives
●
MTS design, implementation and application
– MTS capabilities
– Object oriented system design
– Validation
– Applications of MTS
●
Conclusion and Future Development
– Simple Graphic user interface
– Modelling Convertor
2
Background
Original MTS
DC MTS
DC&AC MTSAC
From 1970’s to 1990’s,
MTS developed and written
in Fortran by University of
Birmingham, used for
research and studies.
From 2000’s, Atkins got
involved in further
developing MTS with DC
energy consumption
calculation
From 2010’s, Atkins further
developed MTS with
detailed AC network
modelling capability, and
graphic user interface.
It is funded by Atkins and
Knowledge Transfer
Partnership (KTP).
3
AC ( Classic) & DC Railways
400kV GRID
rth
Ea
i re
W
Grid Site
Feeder Station
Overhead Contact System
Train
R
25 kV 50 Hz
C
C
to
A
NORTH
3kV d.c.
to
D
2 Track
Traction Return
System
DC
Busbar
+ 25kV
B
AC
Y
SGT1 Y-B
Sub Station
1000V 3
phase
B
Train
0.75/1.5/3 kV d.c.
2 Track
Traction Return
System
NORTH
C
Y
C
R
Overhead Contact System
to
A
Grid Site
DC
i re
W
to
D
rth
Ea
AC
66/132kV GRID
4
AC Railways: typical feeding
Feeder Station
2x18MVA
Intermediate
Track Sectioning Cabin
Mid Point
Track Sectioning Cabin
Intermediate
Track Sectioning
Cabin
Feeder Station
1x18MVA
132/25kV Transformer
Circuit Breaker Normally Open
Circuit Breaker Normally Closed
Neutral Section
Copyright Dr R D White 2002
5
AC Railway: Booster Transformer and RCs
Booster Transformer
Grid Site
Sub Station
Mid Point Connector
Return Conductor
Overhead line
Track Side
Feeder
Station
400A
Steel Work Railway Fencing
Telecommunications Cables
Earthed Screening Conductor
©
Copyright R.D.White 01/04
Armour of Cables or Metal Pipes
6
AC railways: AT feeding arrangement
Grid Substation
Double Winding Transformer
Secondary 2x25 kV
400 kV 50Hz
Autotransformer
2x 25kV
200A
Autotransformer
2x 25kV
100A
300A
210A
Autotransformer
2 x 25kV
10A
Autotransformer
2 x 25kV
25kV Catenary and Contact Wire
400A
10A
200A
20A
Sub Station
Earth mat
10A
200A
20A
200A
90A
90A
190A
10A
90A
90A
100A
Return Earthed Bonded
Running Rails
10A
10A
-25 kV Auxiliary Feeder Wire
7
DC Traction Feeding Arrangement
33/11kV Supply
33/11kV Supply
Power Transformer
Circuit Breaker Normally Closed
Feeder Station
Rectifier Unit
Isolator Normally Open
Insulated Overlap or
Sectioning Gap
8
AC Railway - MTS Modelling and Design
Twin track rail return
AC Railway - MTS Modelling and Design
Twin track BT arrangement
AC Railway - MTS Modelling and Design
Twin track AT arrangement
Electrified DC Railway Issues
Protection for Civil Structures from Corrosion
•EN 50122-2 Railway Applications Fixed Installations Electrical safety,
earthing, and bonding- part 2
•provisions against the effects of
stray currents caused by d.c.
traction systems;
•EN 50163 Protection against
corrosion by stray current from
direct current systems applications
Electrified AC&DC Railway Issues
Protection for Humans
Rail potentials Touch Accessible Potentials (AC&DC)
•EN 50122-1, IEC 62128-1 Railway applications
— Fixed installations — Part 1: Protective
provisions relating to electrical safety and
earthing;
•EN 61140 Protection against electric shock —
Common aspects for installation and equipment
Induced Voltages (AC)
•ITU-T Directive Vol VI Protection of
telecommunications lines against harmful effects
from electric power and electrified railway lines
Danger, Damage and Disturbance.
•ITU-T Directive Vol II Protection of
telecommunications lines against harmful effects
from electric power and electrified railway lines;
calculating induced voltage and currents in
practical cases.
MAGNETIC FIELD 25kV AUTOTRANS 6MW per circuit Roger D White WS Atkins Rail
HmagField
Rolling Stock Issues
Operational Requirements
•EN 50388 Railway applications. Power supply and rolling stock. Technical
criteria for the coordination between power supply (substation) and rolling
stock to achieve interoperability
•EN 50163 Railway applications – Supply voltages of traction systems
On Board Train Monitoring
•EN 50463-1 Railway Applications Energy measurement on board trains
Part 1 General (GEL/9/X_11_0023 )
•EN 50463-2 Railway Applications Energy measurement on board trains
Part 2 Energy measuring (GEL/9/X_11_0024 )
•EN 50463-3 Railway Applications Energy measurement on board trains
Part 3 Data Handling (GEL/9/X_11_0025 )
•EN 50463-4 Railway Applications Energy measurement on board trains
Part 4 Communication (GEL/9/X_11_0026 )
•EN 50463-5 Railway Applications Energy measurement on board trains
Part 5 Conformity Assessment (GEL/9/X_11_0027 )
Aim and objectives
To develop Multi Trains Simulation (MTS) for electrification system.
The simulation involves:
●
Trains
● Network
– Train movement network
– Signalling network
– Power network
15
Contents
●
Introduction
– KTP/University of Birmingham/Atkins
– Electrified railways and Issues
– Aims and objectives
●
MTS design, implementation and
application
– MTS capabilities
– Object oriented system design
– Validation
– Applications of MTS
●
Conclusion and Future Development
– Simple Graphic user interface
– Modelling Convertor
16
Power network modelling
•Rolling Stock
•Typical and future AC traction
• Regenerative, Braking, Coasting
•Single Train in lumped conductor model
•Multi trains in lumped conductor model
(other simulators)
•Trains in semi-lumped conduct model(MTS)
•Trains in multi-conduct model (MTS)
•
Bonding arrangement
•
BT arrangement
•
AT arrangement
17
MTS Design
●
Operational
– Selectable signalling systems and driving controllers;
– Optimisation of energy consumption, carbon reduction, coasting etc;
– Electrification System including regeneration,
●
Post processing
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
●
Energy consumption analysis – including optimisation algorithms.
System losses;
Carbon Calculation of operating train timetable.
Human safety;
Rail and accessible potentials
Induction and Magnetic Fields;
Induced voltage calculation
Stray current and total charge
Output display
– GUI (graphic user interface)
Object Oriented Modelling Design
Top down
19
Bottom Up
Object Oriented Operational Implementation
20
AC Railway - MTS validation
BT Arrangement
AAAB
BT1
BABB
0 1
BT4
1.6km
Settings:
•Rail Return + Booster Return
•Booster at 1.6km, 4.8km, 8km
•Rail-to-Rail bond spacing:
320m
•Cross bond spacing: 1220m
BT2
BT3
BT5
4.8km
BT6
8km
AC
T2
BC
9.6km
40
35
30
25
20
Roger RV
15
Michael RV
10
5
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
AC Railway - MTS Application
Modelling traction power system – from Wolverton to Rugby
4 track rail return
aNF1
A1
B1
C1
2 track double ATs
aAT1
aAT3
aAF1
aAF2
2 track rail return
aAT4
A2
A3
A4
bNF1
B2
B3
B4
cNF1
C2
bAF1
bAT1
D1
aAT2
2 track
single AT
dNF1
D2
bAT2
aNF2
B5
bAF2
bAT3
A5
bNF2
bAT4
vs2
vs3
132.6-133km
vs4
vs1
82.632km
Wolverton
94.103km101.369km111.578km 118.336km 128.89km
Patford Bridge
134.85km
Rugby
22
AC Railway- MTS Application
Substation powers [kW]
Train speed / line speed
8000
6000
Power [kW]
200
Speed [kph]
WLF1
LBF1
LBF2
RGF1
Line speed
Train speed
250
150
100
4000
2000
50
0
80
90
100
110
120
Chainage [km]
130
0
80
140
90
100
110
120
Chainage [km]
130
140
Loss [%]
Loss [kW]
1
80
0.8
Loss [%]
Loss [kW]
60
40
20
0
80
0.6
0.4
0.2
90
100
110
120
Chainage [km]
130
140
0
80
90
100
110
120
Chainage [km]
130
140
23
MTS applications 2012
•
Induction Modelling for RR, Classic
and AT arrangements
• Atkins Design House
•
Power Efficiency Modelling of RR,
Classic and AT Arrangements
• Atkins Internal design House
• Network Rail
24
Contents
●
Introduction
– KTP/University of Birmingham/Atkins
– Electrified railways and Issues
– Aims and objectives
●
MTS design, implementation and application
– MTS capabilities
– Object oriented system design
– Validation
– Applications of MTS
●
Conclusion and Future Development
– Simple Graphic user interface
– Modelling Convertor
25
Conclusion and Future development
MTS- Multi Train Simulator
•
Multi-Conductor modelling
• energy computation analysis, rail potential, induced voltage, EMC issue etc.
• Object oriented design
• modelling update and development
●
This work has been graded as an A ‘outstanding’ KTP project by the
Technology Strategy Board (TSB).
Further Software development
• Simple GUI
• for instant 2/4 track electrified railway modelling and research.
• Infrastructure Converters
• Convert existing input files into MTS Format
•Electrification
System Design for AC and DC systems
26
Thank You
Michael Chen, Roger White, Tony Fella
Atkins Rail
Stuart Hillmansen, Paul Weston
University of Birmingham