The Child Protection Working Group (CPWG) is the
global level forum for coordination on child protection
in humanitarian settings. The group brings together
NGOs, UN agencies, academics and others under
the shared objective of ensuring more predictable,
accountable and effective child protection responses
in emergencies. In the humanitarian system, the CPWG
constitutes an “area of responsibility” within the Global
Protection Cluster.
http://www.cpwg.net
Acknowledgements
ChildFund
Child Soldiers International
Columbia University
Danish Refugee Council
Geneva Call
Handicap International
ICRC
International Rescue Committee
Islamic Relief Worldwide
International Labour Organization
Keeping Children Safe
Norwegian Refugee Council
Plan International
Save the Children
SOS Children’s Villages
Terre des Hommes
UNDPKO
UNHCR
UNICEF
War Child
Women's Refugee Commission
World Vision International
Funded by:
Designed by:
Suggested citation:
http://www.cpwg.net
3
Foreword
Louise Aubin
Rashid Khalikov
OCHA
UNHCR
5
Table
of ContentS
13
14
16
17
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
27
28
29
29
30
31
37
44
50
56
62
69
79
85
91
97
103
111
117
128
135
143
149
155
167
173
180
186
193
198
203
208
INTRODUCTION
What is child protection
in emergencies?
13
The international legal basis
for child protection in emergencies
1.
2.
3.
14
Four key principles
set out by the CRC,
and their relevance
to humanitarian action:
15
How does child protection fit within
humanitarian action?
16
What is the purpose of these standards?
How do these standards link with the
Sphere Project and other standards?
17
What does each standard contain?
18
Who are the standards intended for?
19
How were the standards developed
and what are they based on?
20
What is meant by “minimum” standards,
and what happens if they cannot be met?
21
How do I use the standards in my context?
22
At what stage of humanitarian action
do the standards apply?
23
PRINCIPLES
AND APPROACHES
PRINCIPLES
AND APPROACHES
Principles
and approaches
The considerations in this section are key to the full
application and attainment of the standards, and
should be used and presented alongside the standards.
Principles 1- 4 are the Protection Principles in the Sphere
child protection.
Principle 1:
Avoid exposing people to further harm
as a result of your actions
27
Principle 2:
Ensure people’s access to impartial assistance
28
Principle 3:
Protect people from physical
and psychological harm arising
from violence and coercion
Principle 4:
Assist people to claim their rights,
access available remedies and recover
from the effects of abuse
29
Principle 5:
Strengthen child protection systems
30
Principle 6:
Strengthen children’s resilience
in humanitarian action
31
32
STANDARDS
Ensure a quality response
STANDARDS TO
ENSURE A QUALITY
CHILD PROTECTION
RESPONSE
standards to ensure a quality
child protection response
These standards focus on key programming
components, including:
They do not aim to replace the existing policies and
The standards that follow in the next section are related
standard 1
STANDARD 1
COORDINATION
Standard
Key actions
37
38
standard 1
standard 1
39
standard 1
MeasuremenT
40
standard 1
Guidance notes
1. Responsibility for coordination:
3. Provider of last resort:
41
standard 1
5. Sensitive issues:
7. Global-level CPWG:
42
standard 1
References
43
standard 2
STANDARD 2
Human resources
Standard
Key actions
44
standard 2
45
standard 2
MeasuremenT
Guidance notes
3. Staff capacity:
46
standard 2
4. Gender:
5. Disability:
47
standard 2
7. Capacity building:
9. Child protection policy:
10. Staff wellbeing:
48
standard 2
References
49
standard 3
STANDARD 3
Communication, advocacy and media
Standard
Key actions
50
standard 3
51
standard 3
MeasuremenT
52
standard 3
Guidance notes
1. Organizational guidance:
2. Building national capacity for advocacy:
4. Participation:
53
54
standard 3
standard 3
References
55
standard 4
STANDARD 4
Programme cycle management
UNDERSTAND
learn
plan and implement
Standard
Key actions
56
know
analyse
standard 4
57
standard 4
MeasuremenT
7.
8.
Guidance notes
2. Coordination structure:
58
standard 4
5. Data disaggregation:
6. Inclusion:
59
standard 4
8. Life with dignity:
10. Ensuring the views of affected people, including children:
60
References
standard 4
61
standard 5
STANDARD 5
Information management
(1)
(2)
(3)
Standard
Key actions
62
standard 5
63
standard 5
MeasuremenT
Guidance notes
1. Coordination:
64
standard 5
3. Security precautions:
65
standard 5
6. Mandatory Reporting:
66
standard 5
67
standard 5
References
68
STANDARD 6
Child protection monitoring
standard 6
Standard
Key actions
69
70
standard 6
MeasuremenT
standard 6
Guidance notes
1. Mapping:
71
standard 6
3. Coordination:
4. Training:
72
standard 6
73
74
standard 6
References
standard 6
75
Address needs
STANDARDS TO
address child
protection needs
standards to address child
protection needs
areas of work and critical issues in child protection:
groups
STANDARD 7
Dangers and injuries
standard 7
Standard
Key actions
79
80
standard 7
MeasuremenT
standard 7
Guidance notes
1. Physical dangers and risks:
2. Data collection:
81
82
standard 7
5. Schools:
standard 7
7. Survivor assistance:
83
standard 7
References
84
STANDARD 8
Physical violence
and other harmful practices
standard 8
Standard
Key actions
85
86
standard 8
MeasuremenT
standard 8
Guidance notes
87
standard 8
4. Awareness:
6. Interviews:
88
7. Gender:
standard 8
89
standard 8
References
90
STANDARD 9
Sexual violence
standard 9
Standard
Key actions
91
92
standard 9
standard 9
MeasuremenT
93
Guidance notes
standard 9
1. Awareness:
2. Capacity building:
4. Code of conduct:
94
standard 9
8. Interviews:
9. Adolescents:
10. Children and adolescents with disabilities:
95
standard 9
References
96
STANDARD 10
Psychosocial distress and mental disorders
standard 10
Standard
Key actions
97
standard 10
MeasuremenT
98
Guidance notes
1. Multi-layered supports:
standard 10
intervention pyramid
Examples
99
standard 10
4. Early childhood:
100
7. Support to caregivers:
standard 10
8. Monitoring wellbeing:
101
standard 10
References
102
STANDARD 11
Children associated with armed forces
or armed groups
standard 11
Standard
Key actions
103
104
standard 11
MeasuremenT
standard 11
Guidance notes
1. Advocacy:
105
standard 11
4. Release:
106
standard 11
107
standard 11
8. Reintegration:
108
standard 11
109
standard 11
References
110
STANDARD 12
Child labour
standard 12
To be
eliminated
activities
not to
necessarily
be
eliminated
To be
eliminated
as a mater
of urgency
111
Standard
standard 12
Key actions
112
MeasuremenT
standard 12
Guidance notes
113
standard 12
2. Hazardous work:
3. Children who need targeted help:
114
5. Support provided to children:
standard 12
115
standard 12
References
116
STANDARD 13
Unaccompanied and separated children
standard 13
Standard
117
standard 13
A. Key actions - identification, documentation,
tracing and reunification (IDTR)
118
standard 13
119
standard 13
B. Key actions - alternative care
120
MeasuremenT
standard 13
121
Guidance notes
standard 13
1. First days:
3. Coordination:
122
standard 13
123
standard 13
7. Tracing:
124
10. Follow-up:
standard 13
125
126
standard 13
References
standard 13
127
standard 14
STANDARD 14
Justice for children
128
Standard
Key actions
standard 14
129
MeasuremenT
standard 14
Guidance notes
1. Deprivation of liberty:
130
standard 14
3. Advocacy:
131
standard 14
References
132
Develop strategies
STANDARDS TO
develop adequatE
child protection
strategies
standards to develop
adequate child
protection strategies
Standards in this area include the main child protection
needs. As with all other standards, they are based on
include standards relating to:
STANDARD 15
Case management
standard 15
Standard
135
standard 15
Key actions
136
0.
1.
4.
2.
3.
standard 15
1.
2.
3.
4.
137
MeasuremenT
7.
8.
standard 15
9.
Guidance notes
2. Analysing what is possible:
138
standard 15
4. Standard operation procedures (SOPs):
6. Staff capacity:
139
standard 15
7. Prioritising cases:
9. Case plans:
140
10. Case conferences:
standard 15
12. Closing a case:
141
standard 15
References
142
STANDARD 16
Community-based mechanisms
standard 16
Standard
Key actions
143
144
standard 16
MeasuremenT
Guidance notes
1. External aid:
standard 16
2. Ownership:
145
5. Capacity Building:
standard 16
6. Subgroups:
7. Messages:
146
9. Urban settings:
10. Funding:
standard 16
147
standard 16
References
148
STANDARD 17
Child-friendly spaces
standard 17
Standard
Key actions
149
150
standard 17
MeasuremenT
Guidance notes
standard 17
1. Appropriateness:
151
3. Age and gender sensitivity:
standard 17
4. Disability awareness:
5. Play:
6. Schools:
152
7. Parents:
8. Capacity building:
9. Monitoring:
standard 17
153
standard 17
References
154
STANDARD 18
Protecting excluded children
Standard
standard 18
Key actions
155
156
standard 18
MeasuremenT
standard 18
Guidance notes
157
standard 18
2. Identifying excluded children:
4. Children with disabilities (CwD):
158
6. Children living and working on the streets (CLWS):
standard 18
7. Children affected by HIV:
159
160
standard 18
References
standard 18
161
Standards
to mainstream
child protection
in other
humanitarian
sectors
Mainstream child protection
Standards to mainstream
child protection in other
humanitarian sectors
Why should child protection be mainstreamed?
Many threats to the safety and wellbeing of children can be
of humanitarian aid in all other sectors. Furthermore, all sectors
the immediate humanitarian response, all humanitarian sectors
‘Mainstreaming’ child protection, or ensuring that child
protection considerations inform all aspects of humanitarian
action, helps to maximise the child protection impacts of
exacerbated by programmes designed without proper
mainstreaming child protection is part of compliance with the
‘do no harm’ principle.
What do these standards cover?
assistance and child protection (for example, where support
to parents is likely to mean that children are safer)
as actions for other humanitarians, to ensure child protection
progress towards reaching the standards
children.
Who is responsible for ensuring children are protected?
States are responsible for protecting children at all times,
including in humanitarian crises. All humanitarian workers are
responsible for ensuring that their actions do not bring children
into risk in any way, and that the programmes they implement
One important aspect of this is simply ensuring that all children
as they are to adults.
safety and wellbeing of those affected, including children. For
a powerful effect in keeping children and parents together.
role in water collection, as well as their other duties and needs,
is thought through carefully from the start.
These Standards focus mainstreaming child protection in the
following sectors:
STANDARD 19
Economic recovery and child protection
standard 19
Standard
Key actions
167
168
standard 19
MeasuremenT
standard 19
169
Guidance notes
standard 19
1. Structural barriers:
4. Cash transfers:
170
5. Monitoring and evaluation:
standard 19
8. Stereotyping:
171
standard 19
References
172
STANDARD 20
Education and child protection
Standard
standard 20
Key actions
173
174
standard 20
standard 20
175
MeasuremenT
standard 20
Guidance notes
1. Flexibility, relevance and quality:
176
3. Equity:
4. Teachers and other education personnel:
standard 20
6. Abuse:
177
7. Attacks:
standard 20
8. Messaging:
178
References
standard 20
179
STANDARD 21
Health and child protection
Standard
standard 21
Key actions
180
standard 21
181
182
standard 21
MeasuremenT
Guidance notes
standard 21
183
2. Medical reports:
standard 21
3. Capacity building:
5. Evacuation:
184
References
standard 21
185
STANDARD 22
Nutrition and child protection
Standard
standard 22
Key actions
186
standard 22
187
standard 22
MeasuremenT
188
Guidance notes
1. Capacity building:
standard 22
189
3. Infant feeding:
standard 22
4. Mother groups:
190
7. Social workers:
standard 22
191
standard 22
References
192
STANDARD 23
Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH)
and child protection
Standard
Key actions
standard 23
193
194
standard 23
MeasuremenT
Guidance notes
1. Capacity building:
2. Messaging:
standard 23
195
3. Water containers:
standard 23
4. Age groups:
196
References
standard 23
197
STANDARD 24
Shelter and child protection
Standard
standard 24
Key actions
198
standard 24
199
MeasuremenT
standard 24
Guidance notes
200
3. Multi-disciplinary:
4. Capacity building:
standard 24
201
standard 24
References
202
STANDARD 25
Camp management and child protection
Standard
Key actions
standard 25
203
204
standard 25
MeasuremenT
Guidance notes
standard 25
2. Focal points:
205
4. Equal access:
5. Site planning:
standard 25
6. Safety:
206
References
standard 25
207
STANDARD 26
Distribution and child protection
Standard
standard 26
Key actions
208
standard 26
209
standard 26
MeasuremenT
210
Guidance notes
2. Monitoring:
3. Distribution:
4. Registration points:
standard 26
211
5. Separated children:
standard 26
6. Targeted assistance:
212
References
standard 26
213
Annexes
and glossary
ANNEXES AND GLOSSARY
ANNEXES
Relevant legal instruments
Global
Regional
Global
217
Regional
218
219
GLOSSARY
A
Actors
Accountability
Age
Children
Adolescents
Alternative care
221
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
222
C
Capacity-building
Child-friendly spaces (CFS)
Child labour
Cognitive
223
Coping
Crisis
D
Desk review
Dignity
Disability
Disaggregated data
224
Disaster
Disaster preparedness
Disaster risk reduction
Duty bearers
E
Early recovery
225
G
Gender
H
Hazard
Hazardous work
226
I
Internally displaced persons
227
International refugee law
L
Learners
Life skills
Livelihood
228
M
Mitigation
N
P
Participation
Preparedness
Prevention
229
Protection
Psychosocial support
Q
Quality
Qualitative and quantitative data
R
Resilience
Risk
230
S
Safety
Security
Sex
Stakeholder
Sustainable
231
V
Vulnerability
w
Wellbeing
232
Acronyms and abbreviations
AoR
AXO
BID
CAAC
CAAFAG
CBCPM
CBO
CCM
CFS
CLMS
CLWS
CP
CPiE
CPIMS
CPRA
CPWG
CRC
CRPD
CwD
DDR
DRR
ECD
ECOSOC
ERW
FTR
GBV
GBVIMS
IA CP IMS
IASC
IAWG
IAWG-UASC
ICCPR
ICRC
IDP
IDTR
IMTF
INEE
INGO
IOM
IRC
MARA
233
MBT
MHPSS
MoU
MRM
NFIs
NGO
NRCS
OCHA
OHCHR
PFA
PSS
SeeP
SOPs
SRSG
ToRs
UASC
UDHR
UN
UNAIDS
UNFPA
UNCHR
UNICEF
UNICEF CCC
UXO
WASH
WCFL
WWNK
WWWW or 4W
234
INDEX
221
221
221
221
235
221
224
222
236
223
237
CERF
223
238
221
239
223
223–24
240
230
224
224
241
224
225
225
225
227
225
225–226
225
242
226
243
226
226
226
244
222
245
222
246
227
227
228
228
228
228
228
228–229
247
248
249
229
229
250
230
230
251
230
222
252
230
230
231
231
253
231
221
254
231
255
232
256
232
257
Standards to ensure
a quality child protection
response
Standards to aDdress
child protection
needs
Standard 15
Standards to develop
adequate child protection
strategies
Standard 18
Standard 17
Standard 16
Standard 7
Standard 12
Standard 11
Standard 10
Standard 9
Standard 8
Standard 1
Standard 2
Standard 3
Standard 4
Standard 5
Standard 6
Standard 13
Standard 14
Standards to mainstream
child protection IN OTHER
HUMANITARIAN SECTORS
Standard 19
Standard 20
Standard 21
Standard 22
Standard 23
Standard 24
Standard 25
Standard 26
The CPMS are recognised as a companion standard to The Sphere Project’s
Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response