Grade 5
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
Domain: Physical Science
Unit 2: Energy: Transfer, Transformation, & Conservation
2015 – 2016
Overview of the Unit
In prior grades students learned to identify several different forms of energy. In grades 4-5 students build on their intuitive understanding of energy and learn how heat, light,
sound, and electrical energy are generated and can be transferred from place to place. For example, they can observe that energy of motion can be transferred from one object
to another. They can observe how heat energy is generated and moves from a warmer to a cooler place, and how sound can be produced by vibrations in the throat or guitar
strings or other forms of vibration. They can also see that electrical energy can do many things, including producing light, heat, and sound, and can make things move. This
introduction to the many forms of energy helps to prepare students for later studies of energy transformation and conservation.
NGSS Standards of Science and Engineering Practices
• Will be addressed in Science PD
NGSS Cross-Cutting Concepts
• Will be addressed in Science PD
Washington State Standards
4-5 PS3A Energy has many forms, such as heat, light, sound, motion, and electricity
4-5 PS3B Energy can be transferred from one place to another.
4-5 PS3C Heat energy can be generated a number of ways and can move (transfer) from one place to another. Heat energy is transferred from warmer things to
colder things.
4-5 PS3D Sound energy can be generated by making things vibrate.
4-5 PS3E Electrical energy in circuits can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion. Electric circuits require a complete loop
through conduction materials in which an electric current can pass .
Curricular Connections:
CCSS Math:
MP 2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
MP 3. Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others
MP 5. Use appropriate tools strategically.
MP 6. Attend to precision.
CCSS ELA:
RI5.3 Explain the relationships or interactions between two or more individuals, events, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text based on specific
information in the text.
RI5.7 Draw on information from multiple print or digital sources, demonstrating the ability to locate an answer to a question quickly or to solve a problem efficiently.
RI5.9 Integrate information from several texts on the same topic in order to write or speak about the subject knowledgeably.
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Clover Park School District
Page 1
Grade 5
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
Stage 1: Desired Results
Transfer Goals
Students will be able to independently use their learning to…
• Anticipate and problem-solve real world situations involving energy transfers and transformations.
Meaning Goals
UNDERSTANDINGS Students will understand that…
• Energy has many forms & can be generated a number of ways.
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, the total amount of energy in the universe remains constant
• Energy can be transferred from one place to another
• Energy is transferred to matter through the action of forces.
• The flow of energy drives change in systems
• Energy stored in a variety of sources can be transformed into other energy forms
• Energy transformations and energy transfers can be used to explain how energy flows through a
physical system (e.g., photosynthesis, weathering, and electrical circuits).
• Different forces are responsible for the transfer of the different forms of energy.
• Mathematical expressions, which quantify changes in the forms of energy within a system and
transfers of energy into or out of the system, allow the concept of conservation of energy to be used
to predict and describe the behavior of a system.
Acquisition Goals
Students will know…
• Forms of energy, such as heat, light, sound, motion, and electricity
• Sound can be generated by making things vibrate
• Energy may transfer into/ out of a system and it may change forms, but the total energy can’t change.
• Heat energy is transferred from warmer things to colder things.
• When light is absorbed by a material, most of its energy is transformed into heat energy.
• The transfer of heat energy may produce changes in the state of a substance.
• Electrical energy in circuits can be changed to other forms (light, heat, sound, motion)
• Electric circuits require a complete loop through conducting materials in which an electric current can pass.
• Electrical energy can be generated and then transmitted over great distances.
• Batteries are portable sources of electrical energy.
• Electrical energy is a form of energy that can be transferred by moving charges through a complete circuit.
• Some materials allow electricity to flow freely (conductors), other materials inhibit the flow of electricity
(insulators).
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Clover Park School District
2015 – 2016
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
• How does energy move?
• What happens when energy moves?
• Where does energy come from?
• How does the flow of energy affect the materials
in the system?
• Can energy change forms?
Students will be skilled at…
• Identifying different forms of energy in a system
• Draw and label diagrams showing energy transfers
• Identifying ways to generate heat energy
• Explaining which direction heat energy moves
• Describing how electrical energy is transferred from
one place to another.
• Describing how electrical energy is transformed from
electrical energy to different kinds of energy
• Completing a closed loop in an electric circuit
• Connecting wires to produce a complete
• Repairing an electric circuit by completing a closed
loop
Page 2
Grade 5
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
Stage 1 Established Goals: WA State Standards
4-5 PS3A Energy has many forms, such as heat, light, sound, motion and electricity.
2015 – 2016
The information below is from the K12 Framework for Science. It is intended to further explain your Washington State Science Standards (WA) while preparing
for the transition to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS).
DEFINITIONS OF ENERGY
That there is a single quantity called energy is due to the remarkable fact that a system’s total energy is conserved. Regardless of the quantities of energy
transferred
between subsystems and stored in various ways within the system, the total energy of a system changes only by the amount of energy transferred into and out of
the system.
At the macroscopic scale, energy manifests itself in multiple phenomena, such as motion, light, sound, electrical and magnetic fields, and thermal energy.
Historically, different units were introduced for the energy present in these different phenomena, and it took some time before the relationships among them
were recognized. Energy is best understood at the microscopic scale, at which it can be modeled as either motions of particles or as stored in force fields (electric,
magnetic, gravitational) that mediate interactions between particles. This last concept includes electromagnetic radiation, a phenomenon in which energy stored
in fields moves across space (light, radio waves) with no supporting matter medium.
Motion energy is also called kinetic energy; defined in a given reference frame, it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its
speed. Matter at any temperature above absolute zero contains thermal energy. Thermal energy is the random motion of particles (whether vibrations in solid
matter or molecules or free motion in a gas), this energy is distributed among all the particles in a system through collisions and interactions at a distance. In
contrast, a sound wave is a moving pattern of particle vibrations that transmits energy through a medium.
Electric and magnetic fields also contain energy; any change in the relative positions of charged objects (or in the positions or orientations of magnets) changes
the fields between them and thus the amount of energy stored in those fields. When a particle in a molecule of solid matter vibrates, energy is continually being
transformed back and forth between the energy of motion and the energy stored in the electric and magnetic fields within the matter. Matter in a stable form
minimizes the stored energy in the electric and magnetic fields within it; this defines the equilibrium positions and spacing of the atomic nuclei in a molecule or an
extended solid and the form of their combined electron charge distributions (e.g., chemical bonds, metals).
Energy stored in fields within a system can also be described as potential energy. For any system where the stored energy depends only on the spatial
configuration of the system and not on its history, potential energy is a useful concept (e.g., a massive object above Earth’s surface, a compressed or stretched
spring). It is defined as a difference in energy compared to some arbitrary reference configuration of a system. For example, lifting an object increases the stored
energy in the gravitational field between that object and Earth (gravitational potential energy) compared to that for the object at Earth’s surface; when the object
falls, the stored energy decreases and the object’s kinetic energy increases. When a pendulum swings, some stored energy is transformed into kinetic energy and
back again into stored energy during each swing. (In both examples energy is transferred out of the system due to collisions with air and for the pendulum also by
friction in its support.) Any change in potential energy is accompanied by changes in other forms of energy within the system, or by energy transfers into or out of
the system.
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Clover Park School District
Page 3
Grade 5
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
2015 – 2016
Grade Band Endpoints
By the end of grade 2. [Intentionally left blank.]
By the end of grade 5. The faster a given object is moving, the more energy it possesses. Energy can be moved from place to place by moving objects or through sound, light, or
electric currents. (Boundary: At this grade level, no attempt is made to give a precise or complete definition of energy.)
4-5 PS3B Energy can be transferred from one place to another.
The information below is from the K12 Framework for Science. It is intended to further explain your Washington State Science Standards (WA) while preparing
for the transition to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS).
Interactions of objects can be explained and predicted using the concept of transfer of energy from one object or system of objects to another. The total energy
within a defined system changes only by the transfer of energy into or out of the system.
DEFINITIONS OF ENERGY
What is energy?
That there is a single quantity called energy is due to the remarkable fact that a system’s total energy is conserved. Regardless of the quantities of energy
transferred between subsystems and stored in various ways within the system, the total energy of a system changes only by the amount of energy transferred into
and out of the system. Motion energy is also called kinetic energy; defined in a given reference frame, it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and
grows with the square of its speed. Matter at any temperature above absolute zero contains thermal energy. Thermal energy is the random motion of particles
(whether vibrations in solid matter or molecules or free motion in a gas), this energy is distributed among all the particles in a system through collisions and
interactions at a distance. In contrast, a sound wave is a moving pattern of particle vibrations that transmits energy through a medium.
Grade Band Endpoints
By the end of grade 5. The faster a given object is moving, the more energy it possesses. Energy can be moved from place to place by moving objects or through
sound, light, or electric currents. (Boundary: At this grade level, no attempt is made to give a precise or complete definition of energy.)
4-5 PS3C Heat energy can be generated a number of ways and can move (transfer) from one place to another. Heat energy is transferred from warmer things to
colder things.
The information below is from the K12 Framework for Science. It is intended to further explain your Washington State Science Standards (WA) while preparing
for the transition to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS).
Heating is another process for transferring energy. Heat transfer occurs when two objects or systems are at different temperatures. Energy moves out of higher
temperature objects and into lower temperature ones, cooling the former and heating the latter. This transfer happens in three different ways—by conduction
within solids, by the flow of liquid or gas (convection), and by radiation, which can travel across space. Even when a system is isolated (such as Earth in space),
energy is continually being transferred into and out of it by radiation. The processes underlying convection and conduction can be understood in terms of models
of the possible motions of particles in matter.
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Clover Park School District
Page 4
Grade 5
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
2015 – 2016
Grade Band Endpoints
By the end of grade 2. Sunlight warms Earth’s surface.
By the end of grade 5. Energy is present whenever there are moving objects, sound, light, or heat. When objects collide, energy can be transferred from one object to another,
thereby changing their motion. In such collisions, some energy is typically also transferred to the surrounding air; as a result, the air gets heated and sound is produced. Light also
transfers energy from place to place. For example, energy radiated from the sun is transferred to Earth by light. When this light is absorbed, it warms Earth’s land, air, and water
and facilitates plant growth. Energy can also be transferred from place to place by electric currents, which can then be used locally to produce motion, sound, heat, or light. The
currents may have been produced to begin with by transforming the energy of motion into electrical energy (e.g., moving water driving a spinning turbine which generates electric
currents).
4-5PS3D Sound energy can be generated by making things vibrate.
The information below is from the K12 Framework for Science. It is intended to further explain your Washington State Science Standards (WA) while preparing for the transition to the Next
Generation Science Standards (NGSS).
Motion energy is also called kinetic energy; defined in a given reference frame, it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its
speed. Matter at any temperature above absolute zero contains thermal energy. Thermal energy is the random motion of particles (whether vibrations in solid
matter or molecules or free motion in a gas), this energy is distributed among all the particles in a system through collisions and interactions at a distance. In
contrast, a sound wave is a moving pattern of particle vibrations that transmits energy through a medium.
The idea that there are different forms of energy, such as thermal energy, mechanical energy, and chemical energy, is misleading, as it implies that the nature of
the energy in each of these manifestations is distinct when in fact they all are ultimately, at the atomic scale, some mixture of kinetic energy, stored energy, and
radiation. It is likewise misleading to call sound or light a form of energy; they are phenomena that, among their other properties, transfer energy from place to
place and between objects.
4-5 PS3E Electrical energy in circuits can be changed to other forms of energy, including light, heat, sound, and motion. Electric circuits require a complete loop
through conduction materials in which an electric current can pass.
The information below is from the K12 Framework for Science. It is intended to further explain your Washington State Science Standards (WA) while preparing for the transition to the Next
Generation Science Standards (NGSS).
Energy can also be transferred from place to place by electric currents. Heating is another process for transferring energy. Heat transfer occurs when two objects
or systems are at different temperatures. Energy moves out of higher temperature objects and into lower temperature ones, cooling the former and heating the
latter. This transfer happens in three different ways—by conduction within solids, by the flow of liquid or gas (convection), and by radiation, which can travel
across space. Even when a system is isolated (such as Earth in space), energy is continually being transferred into and out of it by radiation. The processes
underlying convection and conduction can be understood in terms of models of the possible motions of particles in matter
Grade Band Endpoints
By the end of grade 2. Sunlight warms Earth’s surface.
By the end of grade 5. Energy is present whenever there are moving objects, sound, light, or heat. When objects collide, energy can be transferred from one object to another,
thereby changing their motion. In such collisions, some energy is typically also transferred to the surrounding air; as a result, the air gets heated and sound is produced. Light also
transfers energy from place to place. For example, energy radiated from the sun is transferred to Earth by light. When this light is absorbed, it warms Earth’s land, air, and water
and facilitates plant growth. Energy can also be transferred from place to place by electric currents, which can then be used locally to produce motion, sound, heat, or light. The
currents may have been produced to begin with by transforming the energy of motion into electrical energy (e.g., moving water driving a spinning turbine which generates electric
currents).
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Clover Park School District
Page 5
Grade 5
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
Evaluative Criteria
WA STANDARD(S):
SAMPLE Assessment Evidence
PERFORMANCE TASK(S):
4-5 PS3A
Energy has many forms, such as heat,
light, sound, motion and electricity.
•
4-5 PS3B
Energy can be transferred from one place
to another
4-5 PS3C
Heat energy can be generated a
number of ways and can move
(transfer) from one place to another.
Heat energy is transferred from
warmer things to colder things.
Stage 2 - Evidence
2015 – 2016
Identify different forms of energy (e.g., heat, light, sound, motion, electricity) in a system.
Keeley Assessment Probe Volume 4-Uncovering Student Ideas in Science
• #7 Warming Water
•
Draw and label diagrams showing several ways that energy can be transferred from one place to another (e.g., sound energy
passing through air, electrical energy through a wire, heat energy conducted through a frying pan, light energy through space).
Keeley Assessment Probes Volume 2-Uncovering Student Ideas in Physical Science
• #5 Conductors or Insulators?#9 One Wire or Two?
• #16 How Does the Current in Each Battery Compare?
• #17 Does It Matter If the Wire Has Knots?
• Identify several ways to generate heat energy (e.g., lighting a match, rubbing hands together, or mixing different kinds of chemicals
together).
Give examples of two different ways that heat energy can move from one place to another, and explain which direction the heat
moves (e.g., when placing a pot on the stove, heat moves from the hot burner to the cooler pot).
Keeley Assessment Probes
•
Volume 2-Uncovering Student Ideas in Science
• #10 Ice Cold Lemonade
• #11 Mixing Water
Keeley Assessment Probes
Volume 4-Uncovering Student Ideas in Science
• #6 Ice Water
4-5 PS3D
Sound energy can be generated by
making things vibrate.
4-5 PS3E
Electrical energy in circuits can be
changed to other forms of energy,
including light, heat, sound, and motion
th
(5 grade). Electric circuits require a
complete loop through conduction
materials in which an electric current can
th
pass (4 grade).
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Demonstrate how sound can be generated by vibrations, and explain how sound energy is transferred through the air from a
source to an observer.
Keeley Assessment Probes Volume 1- Uncovering Student Ideas in Science
• #4 Making Sound
•
•
•
•
Connect wires to produce a complete circuit involving a battery and at least one other electrical component to produce observable
change (e.g., light a bulb, sound a buzzer, and make a bell ring).
Repair an electric circuit by completing a closed loop.
Describe how electrical energy is transferred from one place to another, and how it is transformed from electrical energy to
different kinds of energy in the circuit above.
Keeley Assessment Probe
Volume 3-Uncovering Student Ideas in Science
Clover Park School District
Page 6
Grade 5
•
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
#7 Batteries, Bulbs, and Wires
2015 – 2016
Volume 2-Uncovering Student Ideas in Physical Science
• #10 How Can You Light the Bulb?
•
•
•
•
•
•
#11 Where Do I Put the Switch?
#12 How Do You Think About the Flow of Electric Current Through a Circuit?
#13 How Bright Will the Bulbs Be?
#14 Which Burns Brighter?
#15 How Would You Rank the Brightness of These Bulbs?
#18 Does Electricity Leak From an Outlet?
Unit Pre/Post Assessment
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Clover Park School District
Page 7
Grade 5
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
2015 – 2016
Stage 3 – Recommended Learning Activities
Choose from “pre-planned lessons”, or select individual activities to “build your own lessons” to best meet the needs of you and your students.
•
•
In the “Pre-Planned” column you will find complete lessons that are options for you to use from start to finish as they are written.
In the “Build Your Own” column you will find numerous resources that may be used for you to design more personalized instruction
Pre-Planned Lessons
FOSS kits:
Magnetism & Electricity
• Inv. 2 Part 2
• Inv. 3 Part 1
• Inv. 3 Part 2
• Inv. 3 Part 3
• Inv. 4 Part 2
• Inv. 4 Part 3
• Inv. 5 Part 1
• Inv. 5 Part 2
FOSS STORIES:
• Making Connections (Ben Franklin)
“Explain why lightning is considered
static electricity?
• Current Attractions (How
electromagnetism stopped a war) “How
do magnets & electricity improve our
everyday life? How did Houdini use his
knowledge of magnets?
• Making Static “How does static
electricity cause your hair to stand on
end?
Physics of Sound:
• Inv. 1 Part 3
• Inv. 2 Part 3
• Inv. 4 Part 2
Text Based Resources
Science A-Z
Physical: K-2
Energy Unit
• Teachers guide
• Energy is Everywhere: Nonfiction book (HIGH)
• Vocabulary Cards-Energy
Quick Reads
• How a Flashlight Works
Process Activities:
• Rolling Down a Ramp
Physical: 3-4
Heat Energy
• Teachers guide
• Heat Energy: Non-fiction book
(HIGH)
• Vocabulary Cards-Heat Energy
Process Activities:
• Insulate an Ice Cube
• Observe a Convection Current
Sound Unit
• Sound: Non-fiction (HIGH)
Process Activities:
• Identify Objects by Sound
•
Build Your Own Lessons/ Extension
Physical: 5-6
Energy Resources
• Teachers guide
• Energy Resources: Non-fiction
book (LOW)
Process Activities:
• Solar Cooker
Investigation Pack:
• Solar Energy
• Wind Energy
Light Energy
• Teachers guide
• Light Energy: Non-fiction book
(MID)
• Vocabulary Cards
Quick Reads:
• DVDs
• How Sunscreen Works
Investigation Pack:
• Radiant Energy
Science Diagrams:
• Light Energy
• How Rainbows Form
String Telephones
Digital Resources
Scholastic Study Jams
• Energy & Matter
• Sound
• Light
• Heat
• Current Electricity & Electric Currents
BBC- Various Related Games
• Changes State
• Changing Circuits
• Sarah Jane Adventures- Light
• How We See Things - Light
National Geographic
• Wind Power
PHET Interactive Simulations
• Energy Forms and Changes
Various .gov links
•
•
•
Science With Me- Sample
•
Learn About Electricity
Children’s University: Manchester
• What is Energy?
The Need Project
•
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Energy Story
Forms of Energy
Energy Kids
Clover Park School District
Energy Flows
Page 8
Grade 5
Picture Perfect Science
Sounds of Science Ch 15, p. 217
Batteries Included Ch 22, p. 325
CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
Stage 3 – Recommended Learning Activities
2015 – 2016
Even More Picture Perfect Science
Harnessing the Wind Ch 9, p. 103
Sounds All Around Ch 10, p. 125
SEDL
•
Grade 5 Mosaic: Exploring the
uses of Light, Thermal,
Mechanical, Sound, and
Electrical Energy Unit
•
Grade 4 Mosaic: Differentiating
Among Light, Thermal,
Mechanical and Electrical
Energy
Unit 2 WA Physical Science
Clover Park School District
Page 9