A TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED L-BAND H Y B R I D
SAW OSCILLATOR AND RESONATOR FILTER
J.
Ladd,
C.
A b d a l l a h , and T. O’Shea
Sawtek I n c .
P o s t O f f I c e Box 1 8 0 0 0
O r l a n d o , FL
32860
ABSTRACT
A
950
MHz
submlnlature
temperature
compensated
SAW
resonator
o s c I I Ia t o r
are
(TCSO) and a SAW r e s o n a t o r f l l t e r
developed I n h y b r l d form f o r a p p l l c a t l o n
a s l o c a l o s c l I l a t o r and b a n d p a s s f I I t e r
for
a
communlcatlon
system.
The
o s c l I l a t o r p a c k a g e v o l u m e Is a p p r o x l m a t e l y
0.02 c u b l c i n c h e s and t h e f l l t e r p a c k a g e
Is a p p r o x l m a t e i y 0.01 c u b l c I n c h e s .
The
extremely t l g h t packaging requirements are
met
by
utlllzlng
chip
resistors
and
c a p a c i t o r s , p r l n t e d s p l r a l I n d u c t o r s , and
c h i p t r a n s i s t o r s and d l o d e s .
SAW
oscll lator
consists
of
a
The
t e m p e r a t u r e sensing network,
a varactor
dlode tuning c l r c u l t ,
and a s l n g l e p o r t
SAW
resonator
osc 1 I I a t o r .
The
SAW
r e s o n a t o r bandpass f l l t e r c o n s l s t s o f a
four-element
i n p u t matchlng network,
a
t w o - p o r t t w o - p o l e SAW r e s o n a t o r , and f o u r element o u t p u t matchlng network I n h y b r l d
form.
Thls
paper
describes
the
design,
f a b r l c a t l o n and p e r f o r m a n c e
of
a SAW
r e s o n a t o r c o n t r o l l e d o s c l I l a t o r and a SAW
resonator f l l t e r .
These c i r c u i t s u t l l l z e
hybrld technlques t o achieve extremely
small size.
Temperature compensatlon I s
1 nc I uded i n t h e o s c I I I a t o r t u n I n g n e t w o r k
I n order t o minimize frequency s h i f t s .
The o s c i l l a t o r p e r f o r m a n c e g o a l s a r e low
phase
noise
(-50
dBc/Hz
at
10
Hz),
m o d e r a t e RF o u t p u t power (0 dBm), m l n l m a l
DC
power
drain,
and
good
frequency
s t a b l l i t y over t h e o p e r a t l n g temperature
r a n g e o f OOC t o + 5 O o C .
The g o a l f o r s e t on f r e q u e n c y a c c u r a c y and f r e q u e n c y d r i f t
due t o t e m p e r a t u r e I s 2 1 5 ppm.
The r e s o n a t o r
fllter
was
d e s l g n e d and
modeled
uslng
a
transmlsslon
matrix
approach.
Low i n s e r t i o n loss ( 5 d B ) and
mlnlmum r i p p l e
I n t h e p a s s band w e r e
a c h i e v e d by I n c l u d l n g a m a t c h l n g network
I n s i d e t h e m i n i a t u r e p a c k a g e and u s l n g an
overlap
apodlzatlon
scheme
on
the
transducers.
QSClLLAIQBQ€3lEl
A s i n g l e - p o r t SAW r e s o n a t o r was u s e d I n a
Plerce-type
hybrid
osclllator
clrcuit
utlllzing
chip
transistors,
dlodes,
r e s l s t o r s and c a p a c l t o r s ,
and a p r l n t e d
s p l r a l Inductor.
The c l r c u r t d l a g r a m o f
t h e v o l t a g e t u n e d o s c i l l a t o r Is shown In
F lgure
1 .The
P ie r c e
o s c II I a t o r
c o n f l g u r a t l o n has been shown t o r e q u l r e
f e w e r t u n l n g e l e m e n t s and p r o v i d e b e t t e r
s t a b i Ii t y than other conf 1gurations.l
The
t r a n s l s t o r c h o s e n was a b i p o l a r d e v l c e
(HXTR 2 0 0 1 ) w l t h 1 8 dB g a i n and 2 dB n o l s e
A blpolar translstor
f l g u r e a t 1 0 0 0 MHz.
t y p l c a l l y e x h i b i t s 1 0 t o 1 5 dB l o w e r p h a s e
nofse
than
a
comparable
fleld-effect
t r a n s l s t o r when u s e d I n an o s c l l l a t o r o f
t h l s type.2
A r e s o n a t o r was c h o s e n o v e r a
d e l a y I I n e as t h e frequency c o n t r o l l l n g
f e e d b a c k e l e m e n t because o f t h e low phase
noise requirement.
The s i n g l e - p o r t SAW
resonator swings I n d u c t i v e a t t h e resonant
f r e q u e n c y and i s s e r l e s r e s o n a n t w l t h t h e
A v a r a c t o r d l o d e was
b a s e c a p a c i t o r , cb.
included i n serles wlth capacltor c b i n
of
order
to
vary
the
frequency
osclllatlon.
The v a r a c t o r d l o d e c h o s e n
was an M S I E l e c t r o n i c s M V 1 4 1 2 .
Thls dlode
a tunlng
has a n o m i n a l v a l u e o f 1 0 p f ,
and a Q o f 2 0 0 a t 1 MHz.
r a t l o o f 7.5:1,
of
the
Typical
frequency
put I I n g
osclllator
was
40
PPM w i t h a t u n l n g
v o l t a g e o f 0 t o +6 v o l t s .
The RF o u t p u t
power was e x t r a c t e d v l a a t a p p e d I n d u c t o r
I n an LC t a n k c l r c u i t on t h e c o l l e c t o r o f
the translstor.
T h l s a p p r o a c h y l e l d s good
o u t p u t power and l o w h a r m o n l c c o n t e n t .
SAW 1-PORT RESONATOR VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
PIERCE COHFIGURATION
p”
TUHING
Pow
Figure 1
0090-5607/84/oooO-0191$1 .OO 0 1984 IEEE
I
-
1984 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM - 191
J . Ladd, C . Abdallah, and T. O'Shea
sets
the
voltage
Intercept
point
and
res I stor
adjusts t h e voltage slope.
These
twoR4 components
were
varied
t o
achieve
the
deslred
voltage
versus
temperature c u r v e t o be appl l e d t o t h e
varactor
dlode I n order t o minlmlze the
frequency d r i f t over temperature o f t h e
osclllator.
IEMEEBAIUBE CQMEENSAIIQN
to
meet
the
SAW
OSCll lator
accuracy
of
215
PPM,
compensation i s r e q u l r e d f o r t h e f r e q u e n c y
drift
of
the
SAW
resonator
due
t o
environmental t e m p e r a t u r e c h a n g e s .
The
well-known
temperature
dr I f t
characterlstlc
of
a
SAW
resonator
on
Is p a r a b o l I C w l t h
a
frequency
quartz
maxlmum a t t h e t e m p e r a t u r e t u r n o v e r p o i n t .
K 1 nsman3
has
d e s c r I bed
a
Cornpensat I on
c l r c ~ l tc o n s l s t l n g o f t w o s e r l e s c o n n e c t e d
v a r a c t o r d l o d e s d r l v e n by a I l n e a r v o l t a g e
versus
temperature
generator.
Thls
approach r e s u l t s I n a technlque t h a t can
b e u s e d t o c o m p e n s a t e a n y c r y s t a l which
has
a
parabollc
frequency
versus
t e m p e r a t u r e dependance.
In
order
frequency
VOLTAGE VS. TEMPERATURE
0
TEMPERANRE ("C)
Figure 3
OSClLLATORCO"
The h y b r l d o s c l l l a t o r c l r c u i t development
u t l l i z e d Epsliam-10 (E-10) f o r t h e I n i t i a l
b r e a d b o a r d d e s i g n and a l u m l n a s u b s t r a t e I n
the
flnal
deslgn.
Epsllam-10
Is a
ceramic-Impregnated t e f l o n s u b s t r a t e t h a t
Is e l e c t r l c a l l y s l m l l a r t o a l u m l n a .
I t Is
flexible,
e a s i l y c u t and d r i l l e d and I s
e t c h a b l e In f e r r i c c h l o r l d e 4 s i m l l a r t o t h e
o t h e r common PC m a t e r i a l s .
The u s e o f
c h l p components on
the
E-10
substrate
allowed d l r e c t conversion t o t h e alumlna
s u b s t r a t e used I n t h e f l n a l c l r c u l t .
CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS
-CAPACITANCE VS. VOLTAGE
"'l4
W"7.12
CIRCUIT 1
VIM
L
Y"1.12
P
Y
U
z
6CIRCUIT 9
CI
U
< 4-
-
VdC
1
T h e I l m l t e d t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e o f OOC t o
+5OoC a n d t h e r e q u i r e m e n t t o o p e r a t e f r o m
a slx-volt
battery requlred a modlfled
approach t o compensate t h e frequency d r i f t
o n o n l y one s l d e o f t h e p a r a b o l l c c u r v e .
I n t h l s approach,
t h e S A W r e s o n a t o r was
f a b r i c a t e d on a q u a r t z s u b s t r a t e w l t h a
36O c u t a n g l e t o p l a c e t h e f r e q u e n c y
turnover
near
the
hlgh
end
of
the
temperature range.
A
slngle varactor
d l o d e Is u s e d t o c o m p e n s a t e t h e f r e q u e n c y
d r l f t on t h e low s l d e o f t h e temperature
range.
T h i s approach y l e l d s a g r e a t e r
capacitance
change
(and
therefore,
a
greater
frequency
change)
for
a
glven
v o l t a g e range.
The c a p a c i t a n c e v e r s u s
v o l t a g e curves f o r t h e two approaches a r e
s h o w n I n F i g u r e 2.
*c
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT 2
'
8
~
4
F""'
-1
Figure 2
Klnsman s u g g e s t s t h a t t h e I l n e a r v o l t a g e
v e r s u s t e m p e r a t u r e f u n c t l o n r e q u r e d may
be
obtalned
by
uslng
the
ter >erature
s e n s l t l v e b a s e - e m l t t e r J u n c t l o n v o l t a g e of
a b i p o l a r t r a n s l s t o r connected as a D t
amp1 I f l e r
In
a
common-emltter
conflguratlon.
In
order
to
achleve
g r e a t e r s e n s l t l v l t y t o t e m p e r a t u r e change
a D a r l l n g t o n p a l r t r a n s l s t o r c h l p (MPSA13)
w l t h a c u r r e n t g a l n ( h F E ) o f 5 0 0 0 was
used.
T h e r e s l s t o r l a b e l e d Rp I n F l g u r e 3
192 - 1984 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM
C o n d u c t l v e s i l v e r e p o x y was u s e d t o a t t a c h
a1 I c o m p o n e n t s t o t h e s u b s t r a t e .
Wlre
bondlng
was
used
t o
form
electrlcal
lnterconnectlons
between
the
RF
translstor,
varactor
dlode,
temperature
sensor
translstor,
and
SAW
resonator.
A d d l t l o n a l w l r e bonds were used t o a t t a c h
Vcc, g r o u n d , a n d t o " t a p " t h e t a n k c l r c u l t
f o r RF o u t p u t p o w e r .
The I n d u c t o r used I n
t h e o s c l l l a t o r Is a p l a n a r s p i r a l d e s l g n
and an I n t e g r a l p a r t o f t h e h y b r l d c l r c u l t
photomask.
The
hybrld osclllator
Is h o u s e d i n a
x 0.75"L
x
c u s t o m f l a t p a c k t h a t Is 0.30"W
0.085"H.
The p a c k a g e has a s t e p p e d I I d
t h a t Is s e a m - w e l d e d t o t h e f l a t p a c k .
QSCLLAIPB EEBfQBMK€
T h e t e m p e r a t u r e c o m p e n s a t e d SAW o s c l l l a t o r
performance
Is s u m m a r l z e d
I n Table
1.
P h a s e n o l s e o f t h e o s c l l l a t o r Is shown I n
Figure
4.
Typlcal
frequency
versus
temperature
for
both
temperature
compensated and uncompensated o s c l l l a t o r s
Is s h o w n I n F l g u r e 5 .
O u t p u t p o w e r was 0
J . Ladd, C . A b d a l l a h , and T. O'Shea
Greater
dBm 20.5 d 0 o v e r OOC t o +5OoC.
output
power
may
be
achieved
at
the
e x p e n s e o f I n c r e a s e d DC p o w e r c o n s u m p t i o n .
The f r e q u e n c y a c c u r a c y v e r s u s t e m p e r a t u r e
c o u l d be h e l d over a wlder temperature
range i f a g r e a t e r supply v o l t a g e were
a v a l l a b l e w l t h whlch t o tune t h e varactor
dlode.
Also, t h e one-port resonator c o u l d
b e r e p l a c e d by a t w o - p o r t r e s o n a t o r o r a
delay l i n e w i t h a corresponding Increase
In
phase
nolse
and
increased
clrcult
comp I e x I t y
T h e SAW o n e - p o r t
resonator
controlled oscillator typically exhlblts
3 0 t o 35 d 0 b e t t e r p h a s e n o l s e t h a n a SAW
delay
Iine c o n t r o l l e d oscil lator.
The
TCSO c l r c u l t d l a g r a m I s s h o w n i n F l g u r e 6.
TCSO C I R C U I T D I A G R A M
.
TABLE 1
fVARACTOh
I
DIODE I
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
I NETWORK I
QSCIUBIQB EEBEQBMMCE
PIERCE TYPE
OSCILLATOR
Figure 5
Frequency
950.0
MHz
RF P o w e r
0 dBm 2.5
Accuracy/Stab I I i t y
21 5 ppm
Temperature
O°C
Phase N o i s e
- 5 0 d B c / H z @ 1 0 HZ
-75 d B c / H z @ 100 Hz
-100 dBc/Hz e 1000 HZ
dB
TCSO
FREQUENCY vs. TEMPERATURE
t o +5OoC
(7= 1 s e c )
A l l a n Variance
(0-Y (7-1)
1 x 10-9
Supply Voltage
6 V 50.2
Supply C u r r e n t
15 mA
Size
.30n
Package
Custom F l a t p a c k
Compenseted'f
10-
-
20-
E
V
30-
L
a
40-
x .75"
x .085"
50-
4
-10
TCSO PHASE N O I S E
IO
30
TEMPERATURE
SO
70
('C)
Figure 6
E L I E B QE5lGN
-lZO1
-130f
10
100
OFFSET FROM CARRIER ( H t )
Figure 4
I
1000
In
order
t o
realize
a
practlcal
SAW
r e s o n a t o r f i l t e r t h e SAW f i l t e r d e s i g n e r
1)
must be concerned w i t h t h e f o l l o w l n g :
filter
synthesis,
2)
analysis,
3)
p r a c t l c a l f a b r l c a t l o n parameters,
and 4 )
t h e l m p l i c a t l o n s o f packaglng constralnts.
M u l t l p o l e SAW r e s o n a t o r f l l t e r s y n t h e s i s
and d e s l g n has r e a c h e d a h i g h l e v e l o f
m a t u r l t y w l t h t h e work o f Rosenberg and
Coldren,'
Mattae18
and
others.9
The
Is a c h l e v l n g low
c h a l l e n g e o f o u r work
l o s s w i t h m o d e r a t e r e J e c t l o n a t 9 5 0 MHz
u t l l l z l n g i n t e g r a t e d m a t c h t n g n e t w o r k s and
w l t h l n a s u b m i n l a t u r e package.
1984 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM
-
193
J . Ladd, C. Abdallah, and T. O’Shea
for
the
e Ie c t r 1 c a I
The
goa I s
speclflcatlons of t h l s f l l t e r are Ilsted
i n T a b l e 2.
Uslng these speclflcatlons,
It
was
determlned
that
a
two-pole
Butterworth,
in-I Ine a c o u s t i c a l l y coupled
SAW r e s o n a t o r f l l t e r w o u l d b e a n o p t l m u m
cholce.
In-line
a c o u s t i c c o u p l l n g was
chosen s i n c e
It
is a rellable
deslgn
technique
that
can
provlde
sufflclent
bandwidth
t o
accommodate
the
various
m a n u f a c t u r l n g t o l e r a n c e s and because t h i s
c o u p l i n g has been d e m o n s t r a t e d t o a c h l e v e
low loss.9
The t e m p e r a t u r e s t a b l l l t y o f t h i s f l l t e r
was I m p o r t a n t t o t h e e x t e n t t h a t I t s h o u l d
not
Increase t h e
bandwidth
requirement
beyond a p r a c t i c a l l y a z h l e v a b l e I l m l t o f
0.2%.
T h e r e f o r e , a 40
slngle rotated Y
c u t g u a r t z s u b s t r a t e was c h o s e n t o p r o v l d e
a 25 C t u r n o v e r t e m p e r a t u r e .
7
Is
the
predicted
frequency
Flgure
r e s p o n s e o f t h l s f l l t e r i n t h e unmatched
s t a t e r e s u l t l n g from a computer
model
u t i l l z l n g the scatterlng matrix analysis
t e c h n l q u e d e s c r i b e d e a r l l e r I s shown.
TABLE 2
THEORETICAL FILTER RESPONSE
SAM f L I E B ELECIRU;AL SE€ClfU;AIlPA GQMS
Frequency
9 5 0 MHZ
Bandw I d t h
300 KHz Minlmum
2.5 MHz Maximum
I n s e r t i o n Loss
( 6 dB,
R e j e c t i o n @ Fo
10 MHz
3 0 dB M l n l m u m
T e m p e r a t u r e Range
O°C
Input/Output
5 0 Ohm,
1 . 5 : 1 Max.
-+
-10.0
5 dB G o a l
t o 5OoC
3
Package S i z e
Impedance
VSWR
0.30nx0.24wx
0.06”
The
design
of
thls
fllter
utlllzed a
s c a t t e r l n g m a t r l x a n a l y s i s d e v e l o p e d from
t h e e a r l l e r w o r k of t h o s e a t S a w t e k 9 b u t
is
slmllar
t o
that
of
Rosenberg
and
Colderen.’
U s l n g t h l s t e c h n l q u e we w e r e
able
t o
include
the
effects
of
the
m a t c h l n g and c o u p l i n g e l e m e n t s .
T h i s Is
lmperatlve since the parasltlcs of these
elements have a profound I n f l u e n c e on t h e
overall
achlevement
of
the
electrical
speclflcatlons.
The
following
design
p a r a m e t e r s were used I n t h i s a n a l y s i s .
Number o f W a v e l e n g t h s / T r a n s d u c e r
Aperture ( I n wavelengths)
Apodlzatlon
Number o f O u t s l d e R e f l e c t o r s
Number o f M i d d l e R e f l e c t o r s
Metal Thickness
=
=
=
=
=
=
45
100
Overlap
500
150
700A
I n o r d e r t o m l n i m l z e t h e In-band r i p p l e
t h e t r a n s d u c e r s o f t h l s f 1 I t e r have been
apodlze weighted t o mlnlmlze t h e coupllng
t o h i g h e r o r d e r t r a n s v e r s e mode.
This
w e l g h t l n g t e c h n l q u e Is n o t a s e f f e c t l v e I n
suppresslng t h e frequency sldelobes o f t h e
t r a n s v e r s a l response as t h e apodizatlon/
wlthdrawal
technlque
descrlbed
In
R e f e r e n c e 9 b u t i t Is s u f f l c l e n t t o m e e t
of
thls
the
electrical
speclflcatlons
program.
194 - 1984 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM
FREQUENCY I M H I )
Figure 7
BESQHAIPB EllIER EBBBlCAIlQli
The l i n e w i d t h s o f t h e r e f l e c t o r g r a t i n g s
and i n t e r d i g l t a l t r a n s d u c e r p a t t e r n s o f
t h l s f i l t e r a r e n o m i n a l l y 0.82
um.
The
f i l t e r was p a t t e r n g e n e r a t e d a t l o x s i z e
u s l n g an e l e c t r o m a s k p a t t e r n g e n e r a t o r a n d
t h e n s t e p p e d and r e p e a t e d t o f i n a l s i z e o n
a u l t r a f l a t dark chrome photomask p l a t e .
The r e p l i c a t i o n o f
t h i s photo-mask
was
accompllshed by c o n t a c t p h o t o l i t h o g r a p h y
u s l n g a mid UV
l i g h t source.
A 700
Anstrom
alumlnum
f i l m
was
magnetron
s p u t t e r e d on t h e q u a r t z s u b s t r a t e s and
a f t e r r e s i s t p a t t e r n l n g t h e excess metal
was r e m o v e d b y c h e m i c a l
etching.
The
w a f e r was t h e n d l c e d f o r f i n a l a s s e m b l y .
For
the
lnitlal
electrical
evaluation
these
filters
were
assembled
In
TO-5
packages
and
matched
with
air
wound
i n d u c t o r s and a d j u s t a b l e c a p a c i t o r s .
In
the
final
form
these
fllters
w i l l
be
packaged
In
a
flatpack
configuration
s l m l l l a r t o t h a t shown I n F l g u r e 1 1 .
The
inductors I n t h i s configuration are spiral
planar
chlps
which
are
Internally
m a n u y a c t u r e d a n d t h e c a p a c i t o r s a r e MOS
types.
€ l L I € B €!€B€QBMAli€€
The
experlmental
unmatched t r a n s m i s s i o n
r e s p o n s e Is p l o t t e d I n F l g u r e 8 .
Good
J . Ladd, C. Abdallah, and T . O'Shea
agreement Is obtained between thls a n d the
theoretical response shown In Figure 7.
The input and output return l o s s are shown
on a Smith Chart In Figure 9 a from which a
matchlng network Is obtained.
RESONATOR MATCHING NETWORK
. ,
-
-
-
two-element
matching
network
wl I I
theoretlcally
transfer
the
fllter
50
ohm.
characteristlc
Impedance
to
However, the bandwldth a n d lnsertlon loss
o f the filter wlII b e extremely sensltlve
to the rnanufacturlng tolerances o f the
matching elements.
To mlnlmlze these
effects, a four-element matching network
i s chosen as shown on the Smith Chart I n
Figure 9b.
The matched response is shown
' P Figure 1 0 .
The experlmental results of
the filter are listed In Table 3 .
A
EXPERIMENTAL UNMATCHED
FILTER RESPONSE
.
F i g u r e 9b
EXPERIMENTAL MATCHED
FILTER RESPONSE
J
INSERTION
\
LOSS (dB1 -40*o.-
-*,o
SI1 2 dUl0lY
,
-50.0-
947
.
INSERTION
LOSS (dB1
-60.0-
948.5
950
951.5
953
FREQUENCY (MHd
Figure 8
TWO-PORT SAW RESONATOR
947
948.5
950
951.6
FREQUENCY (MHr]
953
F i g u r e 10
TABLE 3
ElLXEB TXEEBlM€dXbL BESULlS
FREQUENCY
APERTURE (In wavelsngths)
TRANSDUCER LENGTH (In wavslsnsthm)
APODlZAl"
NUMBER OF OUTSIDE REFLECTORS
NUMBER OF MIDDLE REFLECTORS
METAL THICKNESS
SUBSTRATE
Figure 9a
950 MHz
100
Frequency
949.9
45
OVERLAP
B a n d ki I d t h
900 KHz
500
150
Insert Ion Loss
4.1
Temperature Range
00
VSWR
51.1
roo 8
40" QUARTZ
REJECTION @
Fo+10 MHz
MHz
D0
-
5OoC
27 d 0
1984 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM - 195
J . Ladd, C. Abdallah, and T. O'Shea
The f l a t p a c k c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f t h i s f i l t e r
Thls figure
i s i l l u s t r a t e d i n F i g u r e 11.
shows t h e t w o - p o l e SAW f l i t e r c e n t e r e d I n
t h e package and on e i t h e r s i d e o f It a r e
two
spiral
inductors
and
two
chip
capacitors.
The package used i s a custom
made f l a t p a c k .30Of1W x . 2 4 0 " L
x .085"H.
The
elements
are
mounted
inside
the
f l a t p a c k u s i n g a c o n d u c t i v e epoxy.
The
spiral inductors5 are
designed t o d e l i v e r
t h e n e c e s s a r y i n d u c t a n c e and f i t i r t h e
package.
They a l s o s e r v e t o s u p p o r t t h e
chip capacitors.
The a u t h o r s w i s h to t h a n k E.C.
Register
and D.
Jordan
for
device
testing,
B.
H o r i n e a n d D r . H. v a n d e V a a r t f o r t h e i r
suggestions,
B.
Laffler
for
her
preparation of the Illustrations,
a n d C.
Green
for
her
preparation
of
this
manuscript.
REFERENCES
Frerking,
C r y s f x ~ l Ps.Gilla3tsr
~ a P J i 2 H X ~ Y . E . SCQEQSMaIlQn, Van
N o s t r a n d R e i n h o l d Co.,
New Y o r k ,
1978,
L i b r a r y o f C o n g r e s s C a r d No. 7 7 - 1 7 8 7 6 .
1.
H Y B R I D FILTER PACKAGE
D.E.
Pasign and
2.
T.
O'Shea,
V.Suliivan,
R.Kindell,
SAW
Oscillator
for
"Precision
L-Band
S a t e l I i t e Appl i c a t l o n , f f Proc. 3 7 t h Annual
S y m p o s i u m on F r e q u e n c y C o n t r o l , U.S.
Army
ERADCOM, pp 394-404.
"Tern p e r a t u r e
K In s m a n ,
3.
R.C.
Compensation o f C r y s t a l s w l t h P a r a b o l i c
Temperature
Coefficients,"
Proceed1ngs
32nd
Annual
Symposium
on
Frequency
C o n t r o l , U.S.
Army ERADCOM, pp 1 0 2 - 1 0 7 .
U
OUT
U
ONO
Figure 11
SILMNABI
The
electrical
performance
of
the
SAW
r e s o n a t o r c o n t r o l I e d o s c i i I a t o r a n d SAW
resonator
fllter
are
shown
t o be t h e
state-of-the-art
f o r components
in thls
f r e q u e n c y r a n g e and o f t h i s p h y s i c a l s l z e .
The c i r c u i t d e s i g n s a r e f l e x i b l e enough t o
be t a i l o r e d
for
other
applications
or
f r e q u e n c i e s i n t h e 2 0 0 MHz t o 1 2 5 0 MHz
range.
The
temperature
compensation
scheme
demonstrates
a
relatlvely
slmple
and
straight
forward
means
wlth
whlch
t o
c o n t r o l t h e f r e q u e n c y of a SAW o s c l l l a t o r
over a l i m i t e d temperature range.
f iIter
performance
The
resonator
I ow
1nsertion
I oss,
demonstrates
that
mlnimum r i p p l e and good r e j e c t i o n c a n b e
obtained
in this
frequency
range.
A
subminiature configuration
is
suggested
whlch
includes
all
Impedance
matching
elements.
A t present t h e flatpack I s consldered t o
be t h e s m a l l e s t r e a l i z a b l e c o n v e n t i o n a l
t y p e o f package a v a i l a b l e .
F u r t h e r work
i s underway t o d e v e l o p a method o f s e a i l n g
h y b r i d c i r c u i t s i n s l t u b y means of a
m u l t l l e v e l CO-fired ceramic r i n g w l t h a
seam
welded
lid.
Thls
approach
is
d i r e c t e d a t a c h i e v i n g a p a c k a g e h e i g h t of
0.06 I n c h e s .
196 - 1984 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM
4.
W.D.
Hutchins,
ffMlcrowave Deslgn
HighU t i l i z a t i o n w i t h A New N o n - C e r a m i c ,
D le1e c t r i c
Substrate,!$
1977
Conference
P r o c e e d l n g s o f ISHM.
5.
S.
Gopani,
R.
Brown,
D.
Shumate,
" I n t e g r a t e d P h a s l n g and M s t c h i n g N e t w o r k s
in
Printed
Form
for
a
Three-phase
U n i d i r e c t i o n a l Transducer," Proceedings o f
1 9 8 3 U l t r a s o n i c s Symposium, p p 41-46.
6.
N.A.
Howard,
"GHz T h i c k F i l m H y b r i d
SAW
Osci I lators,"
Proceedings
of
1983
U l t r a s o n i c Symposium, pp 2 8 3 - 2 8 6 .
7.
R.L.
Rosenberg,
L.A.
Coldren,
I 1 S c a t t e r i n g A n a l y s i s a n d D e s i g n o f SAW
R e s o n a t o r F I l t e r ~ , I~E E~ E T r a n s a c t i o n s on
S o n i c s a n d U l t r a s o n i c s , V o l . SU-26, No. 3,
May 1 9 7 9 .
8.
G.S.
Matthael,
E.B.
Savage and F.
SAW
Resonator
Barman,
"Synthesis
of
F i l t e r s U s i n g Any
of
Various
Coupling
Mechanisms,"
IEEE T r a n s a c t i o n s o n S o n i c s
and U l t r a s o n i c s ,
Vol.
SU-26,
p p 72-84,
March 1978.
9.
T.
O'Shea,
R.
Rosenfeld,
"SAW
With
Opt 1m i zed
Resonator
F II t e r s
T r a n s d u c e r R e j e c t i o n , I f P r o c e e d l n g s o f 1981
U l t r a s o n l c s Symposlum, pp 1 0 5 - 1 1 0 .