A Bi'bliography on System Performance Evaluation A. H. Agajanian IBM Introduction The measurement of computer performance is of interest to several classes of people associated with computers. Systems analysts, system designers, software designers, and users all have a continuing interest in the most effective techniques for quantifying the performance of the machines they build, program, and use. This bibliography of 440 references covering the period January 1970 to March 1975 was compiled to assist those working in the field. A number of bibliographies already cover the literature up to 1971 (see "Bibliographies" below). The preceding article by Nutt1 4 °on computer system monitors also has a substantial bibliography. This compilation was made in a effort to update existing bibliographies without having a significant overlap. Computer and Control Abstracts and the Engineering Index of January 1970 to March 1975 were the main sources used in this search. In addition, current journals, current conference proceedings and abstracts, Books in Print, Cumulative Book Index, the IBM Technical Information Retrieval Center (ITIRC), and the library card catalog were consulted. November 1975 For ready access, this bibliography is divided into 26 sections as follows: Conferences Bibliographies Books Review Articles Applied Performance Evaluation Techniques Simulation Models Analytical and Statistical Techniques Empirical Techniques Measurement Applications/Tools System Performance Parameters Model Development, Validation and Calibration Optimization and Verification Performance Evaluation: Case Studies Data Base Design/Tuning Application Development 63 Software Design Operating Systems Virtual Systems Installation Planning Peripheral Equipment Human Factors Cost-Benefit Analysis Timesharing Systems System Comparison Results/Benchmarks Large Systems Medium and Small Systems Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS) Reliability Modeling Techniques System Failure Rate Analysis System Failure Rate Prediction Results Following each heading, the bibliographies are listed in alphabetical order of the names of the principal authors in a conventional format. The language in which the article is published, if not English, is given. The volume and number of Computer and Controls Abstracts (CCA) are also given for easy access to the abstracts. A great deal of the literature is published in conference proceedings; therefore, some of the important conferences related to this subject are listed in Section 1. A quarterly publication by ACM SIGMETRICS, "Performance Evaluation Review," is a contribution to this field. Acknowledgments The author would like to thank Mr. J. L. Dellheim and Mr. R. Ramos for helpful discussions, and all of the IBM East Fishkill library staff for their valuable assistance. Conferences Fall Joint Computer Conference, Anaheim, California, December 5-7, 1972; proceedings published by AFIPS Press, Montvale, N. J., 1972, 1320 pp. Fifth Annual Computer Society Conference, Boston, Mass., September 22-24, 1971; conference digest published by IEEE, New York, N. Y., 1971, 213 pp. 7th Annual Computer Society International Conference, COMPCON 73, San Francisco, California, February 27-March 1, 1973; digest of papers published by IEEE, New York, N. Y., 1973, 248 pp. International Conference on Electricity Distribution: Part 1, London, England, May 7-10, 1973; papers published by IEE Conference Publications, London, England, 1973, 283 pp. 197-2 Systems Building Conference, Gaithersburg, Md., February 24-26, 1972; proceedings published by ASCE, New York, N. Y., 1972, 343 pp. IEEE International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing, Pasadena, California, March 1-3, 1971; digest of papers published by IEEE, New York, N. Y., 1971, 152 pp. 5th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), Paris, France, June 12-17, 1972; papers published by IFAC, distributed by ISA, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1972. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Honolulu, Hawaii, January 9-11, 1973; proceedings published by Western Periodical Co., North Hollywood, Calif., 1973, 145 pp. 64 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Seattle, Washington, June 11-13, 1973; conference record published by IEEE, New York, N. Y., 1973, 2 vols. Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium, Philadelphia, Pa., January 23-25, 1973; proceedings published by IEEE, New York, N. Y., 1973, 648 pp. 5th Australian Computer Conference, Brisbane, Australia, May 22-26, 1972; proceedings published by Aust. Computer Soc., Inc., Watson, Aust., 1972, 634 pp. 19th International ISA Aerospace Instrumentation Symposium, Las Vegas, Nev., May 21-23, 1973; proceedings published by ISA, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1973, 312 pp. 7th Annual Symposium on the Interface of Computer Science and Statistics; Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, October 22-29, 1973; proceedings published by Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 1973. IEEE Symposium on Computer Software Reliability, New York, N. Y., April 30-May 2, 1973; record of papers published by IEEE, New York, N. Y., 1973, 167 pp. Asilomar Conference on Circuits and Systems, Pacific Grove, California, November 15-17, 1972; papers of conference record published by Western Periodicals Co., North Hollywood, California, 1973, 527 pp. Minicomputer Evaluation and Selection, London, England, June 4-6, 1973; proceedings published by Miniconsult, London, England, 1973, 169 pp. Conference on Operational Research in the Design of Electronic Data Processing Systems, Munich, Germany, 1971; proceedings published by English University Press, London, England, 1973. 8th Meeting of Computer Performance Evaluation Users Group on Computer Performance Evaluation, Gaithersburg, Md., December 4-7, 1973; proceedings published by US Army; Inst Comp. Sci. & Technol.; Washington, D.C., 1974. Bibliographies 1. Buchholz, W., "A Selected Bibliography on Computer Performance Evaluation," Computer Group News, vol. 2 (8), 21 (1969). -2. Carroll, B. D. and E. W. Smith, "A Bibliography of Fault Tolerant Computing," Report AU-T-22, Auburn Univ., Ala., 1972, 46 pp., CCA7-24455. 3. Crooke, S. and J. Minker, "Key Word in Context Index and Bibliography on Computer Systems Simulation and Evaluation," Report NASA-CR-103212, Maryland Univ., College Park, 1969, 42 pp., CCA5-15655. 4. Crooke, S., J. Minker, and J. Yeh, "Key Word in Context Index and Bibliography on Computer Systems Evaluation Techniques," Report NASA-CR-11757, Univ. Maryland, College Park, 1971, 66 pp., CCA7-11558. 5. Hughes, T., P. G. Williams, and D. Norman, "Glossary of Systems Engineering and Systems Management Effectiveness Terms and Definitions Together with a Selected Reading List and Bibliography, Covering the Technical Support Disciplines of Quality: Reliability and Maintainability to the Engineering of Hardware Systems/Equipment and Products," Report N74-16147/2, Central Electricity Generating Board, London, England, 1973, 171 pp. 6. Miller, E. F., Jr., "Bibliography on Techniques of Computer Performance Analysis," Computer, voL 5 (5), 39 (1972), CCA8-1513. Books 7. Amstader, B. L., Reliability Mathematics: Fundamentals, Practices, Procedures, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971. 8. Au, T., R. M. Shane, and L. A. Hoel, Fundamentals of Systems Engineering Probabilistic Models, Addison-Wesley, New York, 1972. COMPUTER 9. Carroll, H., OS Data Processing with Review of OS/VS, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1974. 10. Drummond, M. E., Jr., Evaluation and Measurement Techniques for Digital Computer Systems, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1973. 11. Enslow, P. H. (Ed.), Multiprocessors and Parallel Processing, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1974. 12. Everling, W., Exercise in Computer Systems Analysis, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 1972. 13. Gordon, G., System Simulation, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1969. 14. Martin, F. F., Computer Modeling and Simulation, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1968. 15. Martin J., Design of Real-Time Computer Systems, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1967. 16. Sharpe, W. F., The Economics of Computers, Report R-463-PR, Rand Corp., Santa Monica, Calif., 1969, 581 pp., CCA5-17412. 17. Shinners, S. M., Techniques of System Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 196 7. 18. Shooman, M. L., Probabilistics Reliability: An Engineering Approach, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1968. 19. Stimler, S., Real-time Data-processing Systems, McGrawHill Book Company, New York, 1969. Review Articles 20. Anon., "Savings from Performance Monitoring," EDP Anal., voL 10 (9), 1 (1972), CCA8-4270. 21. Ashany, R., "Application of Control Theory Techniques to Performance-Analysis of Computer Systems (Some Aspects of the State of the Art)," 6th Asilomar Conference on Circuits and Systems, 1972, pp. 90-101, 1973, CCA8-14926. 22. Bell, T. E., "Performance Determination-The Selection of Tools, If Any," AFIPS Conference Proceedings, voL 42, 1973 National Computer Composition and Exposition, pp. 31-37, CCA8-16883. 23. Borovits, I. and E. I. Golembo, "Measuring Computer Performance," J Syst. Mgt., voL 24 (11), 38 (1973), CCA9-8024. 24. Butler, D., "Computer Performance Appraisal," Data Process, voL 12 (3), 206 (1970), CCA5-17425. 25. Clements, C., "Software Services-Sparing the Time to Analyse the Performance," Comput. Wkly., vol. 13 (313), 12 (1972), CCA8-4259. 26. Cooke, M. P., "Some Techniques for the Measurement of Computer Performance," presented at the 5th Australian Computer Conference, Brisbane, Australia, May 1972, CCA7-16 138. 27. Copeland, D. E., "Computer Evaluation Techniques," Report RG-TR-72-3, Army Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, Ala., 1972, 204 pp., CCA8-7 159. 28. Douson, P. O., "Control Data Corporation's Cyber 70: Procedures for Performance Evaluation," Report AD785192/8, Air Force Inst. of Tech. Wright-Patterson AFB Ohio School of Engineering, Air Force Logistics Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 1974, 114 pp. 29. Drummond, M. E., Jr., "A Perspective on System Performance Evaluation," IBM Syst. J., voL 8 (4), 252 (1969), CCA5-4293. 30. Gertler, J., H. Glynn, V. Hobbs, and F. Woolfall, "Computer Systems Performance Measurement Techniques," Report AD-733-764, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Mass., 1971, 76 pp. 31. Greco, R. J., "An Investigation of Evaluation Techniques of Real-Time Systems," Advances in Instrumentation, Proceedings of 24th annual ISA Conference, 1969, 8 pp., CCA5-19960. 32. Hart, L. E., "The User's Guide to Evaluation Products," Datamation, voL 16 (17), 32 (1970). November 1975 33. Hutchinson, G. K., "Simulation and System Evaluation," In: Real Time: International Computer State of the Art Report, Infotech, Maidenhead, Berks, England, pp. 333-350 (1971), CCA6-16729. 34. Hytha, R. K., "Computer in Contrast-Survey of Methods of Evaluation and Choice," ADL-Machr., voL 18 (80), 26 (1973), German, CCA8-21956. 35. Johnson, R. R., "Needed: A Measure for Measure," Datamation, vol. 16 (17), 22 (1970), CCA6-8884. 36. Kiviat, P. J. and M. F. Morris, "Getting Started in Computer Performance Evaluation," Proceedings of the 8th Meeting of Computer Performance Evaluation Users Group, 1973, pp. 5-13, 1974, CCA10-2643. 37. Kummerle, K., "Determining the Efficiency and Performance of EDP Equipment," Elektrotech. Z. (ETZ) B, voL 25 (7-8), 150 (1973), German, CCA8-14840. 38. Lientz, B. P., "Computer Performance Evaluation," Report AD-782243/0, University of Southern California, Los Angeles School of Engineering, 1973, 14 pp. 39. Lopato, G. P., G. D. Smirnov, N. G. Antonova, and N. A. Mal'tsev, "A Rational Approach to the Appraisal of Technical and Economic Effectiveness of Computers," Izv. VUZ Elektromekh., voL 12, 1355 (1972), Russian, CCA8-16743. 40. Lucas, H. C., Jr., "Performance Evaluation and Monitoring," Comput. Sunr., voL 3 (3), 79 (1971), CCA7-5726. 41. Mulroy, J. J., "Computer Performance Analysis," In: Application Techniques: International Computer State of the Art Report No. 8, Infotech, Maidenhead, Berks, England, pp. 399-418 (1972), CCA7-18883. 42. Osswald, B., "Master Techniques of Computer Performance Measurement and Evaluation," Angew. Inf:, vol. 8, 373 (1972), German, CCA7-23585. 43. Pryke, P. J., "Methods of Measuring System Performance," Comput. Wkly., voL 13 (315), 6 (1972), CCA8-4262. 44. Shively, R. R., "Performance Evaluation," Computer, voL 5 (5), 12-5 (1972). 45. Sulyok, I., "Evaluation and Choosing Computers," Inf: Elektron., voL 6 (2), 116 (1971), Hungarian, CCA6-19357. 46. Vallbracht, G., "Evaluation of Information System Performance-A Survey of Techniques," Conference on Operational Research in the Design of Electronic Data Processing Systems, 1971, pp. 25-28, 1973, CCA8-18698. 47. Venese, D. M.. "A Methodology for Performance Measurement," Proceedings of the 8th Meeting of Computer Performance Evaluation Users Group, 1973, pp. 15-22, 1974, CCA1 0-2789. 48. Wilk, M. B., "Study of Complex Systems," Comput. Sci and Stat., Proc., 7th Annual Symp. on the Interface, 1973, pp. 2-10. 49. Williams, T., "Computer Systems Measurement and Evaluation," Comput. BulL, vol. 16 (2), 100 (1972), CCA7-11546. 50. Wilson, D., "The State-of-the-Art in Evaluating Computer Systems," Comput. Management, voL 5 (4), 46 (1970), CCA5-15086. Applied Performance Evaluation Simulation Models 51. Balachandran, V. and L. S. Gephart, "A Computerized Approach to Simulation System Effectiveness," Proceedings of the 1971 Annual Symposium on Reliability, 1971, pp. 245-253, CCA6-9469. 52. Beretvas, T., E. L. Miles, G. B. Rasch, and R. J. Wicks, "System-Independent Tracing for Prediction of System Performance," IBM Tech. Disclosure Bull., vol. 16 (7), 2349 (1973), CCA9-11 117. 53. Bowdon, E. K., Sr., "Using Simulation to Evaluate System Performance," Proc., 11th Design Automation Workshop, 1974, pp. 359-365, CCA9-19920. 65 54. Bowdon, E. K., Sr., S. A. Mamrak, and F. R. Salz, "Simulation-A Tool for Performance Evaluation in Network Computers," AFIPS Conference Proceedings, vol. 42, 1973 National Computer Conference and Exposition, pp. 121-131, CCA8-1781 3. 55. Bowdon, E. K., Sr., S. A. Mamrak, and F. R. Salz, "A Simulation Tool for Performance Evaluation of the IBM 360/75," Int J. Comput. & Inf. Sci, vol. 3 (1), 33 (1974), CCA9-19890. 56. Buchanan, A. L., and R. B. Waina, "A General Simulation Model for Information Systems: A Report on a Modeling Concept," Third Conference on Applications of Simulation, 1969, pp. 418-425, 1970. CCA5-15889. 57. Catanai, S. C., "Computer System Models," Comput. & Autom., voL 21 (3), 14 (1972), CCA7-13825. 58. Copeland, D. E., "Computer Evaluation Techniques," Report AD-737605, Army Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, Ala., Guidance and Control Directorate, 1972, 229 pp. 59. Dahle, 0. J. and J. Piene, "Evaluation of Computer Systems through Simulation," Manage. Inf, vol. 2 (6), 279 (1973), CCA9-8030. 60. Ihrer, F. C., "Benchmarking vs. Simulation," Comput. & Autom., vol. 21 (11), 8 (1972), CCA8-8792. 61. Kleinrock, L., "Models for Computer Networks,"Proc., 1969 IEEE International Conference on Communications, 8 pp., CCAS-4593. 62. Kummerle, K., "Simulation of the Performance of Computer Systems," Elektron. Rechenanlagen, vol. 12 (6), 324 (1970), CCA6-5485. 63. Mancini R. J., "Performance Analysis for the Skylab Terminal System," IBM Syst. J., vol. 13 (2), 94 (1974). 64. Michel, G. J., "Systems Analysis and Systems Simulation in Education-Applications and Evaluation," AEDS Monit., vol. 12 (7), 10 (1974), CCA9-17414. 65. O'Brien, F., "Simulation Techniques for Performance Prediction and Analysis," In: Computer Systems Measurement: International Computer State-of-the-Art Report, C. J. Bunyan (Ed.), Infotech, Maidenhead, Berks, England, pp. 337-363, CCA10-2764. 66. Querubin, R. and C. V. Ramamoorthy, "Study of Multiprogrammed Computer Systems with Memory Hierarchies," Report AD-756476, Univ. of Texas Electronics Research Center, Austin, 1972, 210 pp. 67. Racoveanu, N., "System Simulation, Models and Categories," Econ. Comput. Cybernetics Stud. Res., vol. 4 (23) (1969), CCA5-14074. 68. Rechtschaffen, R. N., "Queueing Simulation Using a Random Number Generator," IBM Syst. J., voL 11(3), 255 (1972). 69. Salz, F. R., "Simulation Analysis of a Network Computer," Report PB-221, 687/7, Illinois Univ., Dept. of Computer Science, Urbana, 1973, 48 pp. 70. Seaman, P. H. and R. C. Soucy, "Simulating Operating Systems," IBM Syst. J., voL 8 (4), 264 (1969), CCA5-4302. 71. Shemer, J. E., "Simulation and Mathematical Modeling of an On-line Accounting System," Proc., Fourth Conference on Applications of Simulation, 1970, pp. 282-289. 72. Waldron, M., "Reducing the Overheads by Simulation," Comput. Wkly. voL 15 (359), 6 (1973), CCA9-598. 73. Walsh, A. P. and T. J. Li "Simulation and Analysis of a Loop Communication System," Proc., 7th Annual Simul. Symp., 1974, pp. 183-202. 74. Walsh, J. E., "Evaluation of Simulation from its Ability to Simulate Components Subsystems of Overall System," Report Themis-SMU-TR-56, Southern Methodist Univ., Dallas, Tex., 1970, 11 pp., CCA6-2394. 75. Williams, T., F. M. Richards, J. E. Weatherbee, and L. K. Paul, "The MSFC Univac 1108 Exec 8 Simulation Model," Report NASA-CR-6 1379, Computer Sci Corp., Huntsville, Ala., 1972, 38 pp., CCA8-7158. 76. Williams, T. G. and J. E. Weatherbee, "Computer System Simulation and Analysis," Report NASA-CR-61376, Computer Sci. Corp., Huntsville, Ala., 1972, 22 pp., CCA8-7157. 66 Analytical and Statistical Techniques 77. Abrams, M. D., "A New Approach to Performance Evaluation of Computer Networks," Proceedings of the 1974 Symposium on Computer Networks: Trends and Applications, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 15-20, CCA9-22016. 78. Allen, A. O., "Elements of Probability for System Design," IBM Syst. J., vol. 13 (4), 325 (1974). 79. Baskett, F., "Confidence Intervals for Simulation Results: A Case Study of Buffer Pool Performance," Comput. Sci. and Stat., Proc., 7th Annual Symp. on the Interface, 1973, pp. 58-64. 80. Beliner, H., "Method of Good Balance: A Tool for Improving Computing Systems Performance," Comput. Sci and Stat., 7th Annu. Symp. on the Interface, Proc., 1973, pp. 110-116. 81. Beizer, B., "Analytical Techniques for the Statistical Evaluation of Program Running Time," AFIPS Conference Proceedings, 1970 Fall Joint Computer Conference, pp. 519-524, CCA6-10265. 82. Berk, M. A., C. W. Dunbar, and G. C. Hobson, "Design and Performance Considerations for the Retail Store System," IBM Syst. J., voL 14 (1), 64 (1975). 83. Brown, G. F., Jr., and W. F. Rogers, "Bayesian Approach to Demand Estimation and Inventory Provisioning," Nav. Res. Logistics Q, voL 20 (4), 607 (1973). 84. Carlson, E. D., "Evaluating the Impact of Information Systems," Manage. Inf:, voL 3 (2), 57 (1974). 85. Chu, W. W. and A. G. Konheim, "On the Analysis and Modeling of a Class of Computer Communication Systems," IEEE Trans. Commun., COM-20 (3), 645 (1972), CCA717389. 86. Cole, G. D., "Performance Measurements on the ARPA Computer Network," IEEE Trans. Commun., COM-20 (3), 630 (1972), CCA7-17388. 87. Cooperman, J. A., H. W. Lynch, and W. H. Tetzlaff, "SPG: An Effective Use of Performance and Usage Data," Computer, voL 5 (5), 20-23 (1972). 88. Fry, R. A. and I. H. Banner, "Transmission Performance Assessment of Telephone Networks," Post Office Electr. Eng. J., voL 65 (3), 145 (1972). 89. Garbe, H., "Diagnosis and Evaluation of Information Systems," Angew. Inf, vol. 16 (4), 159 (1974), German, CCA9-1741 3. 90. Hansler, E., G. K. McAuliffe, and R. S. Wilkov, "Exact Calculation of Computer Network Reliability," Networks, voL 4 (2), 95 (1974), CCA9-12003. 91. Irani, K. B. and I. S. Uppal, "Performance Analysis and Optimization of Computer Systems Using Markovian Models," Proceedings, 1st USA-Japan Computer Conference, 1972, pp. 145-152, CCA8-18609. 92. Iyudu, K. A., "Causal Approach to the Analysis of Control Hardware Failures," Autom Remote Control, vol. 33 (6), 1013 (1972). 93. Jensen, P. A. and M. Belimore, "An Algorithm to Determine the Reliability of a Complex System," IEEE Trans. Reliability, R-18 (4), 169 (1969), CCA5-8664. 94. Kimbleton, S. R. and C. G. Moore, "A Limited Resource Approach to System Performance Evaluation," Report AD-734008, Michigan Univ., Dept. of Industrial Engineering, Ann Arbor, 1971, 39 pp. 95. Locks, M. O., "The Maximum Error in System Reliability Calculations by Using a Subset of the Minimal States," IEEE Trans. Reliability, R-20 (4), 231 (1971), CCA7-2186. 96. Proschan, F., "Probabilistic Models and Statistical Inference in Reliability, Life Testing, and Fatigue Failure," Report AD-76 3818, Florida State Univ., Dept of Statistics, Tallahassee, 1973, 14 pp. 97. Schneide-wind, N. F., "Software Reliability and Quality Control," Bull. Oper. Res. Soc. Am. voL 20 (suppl. 2), B/388 (1972), CCA8-4458. 98. Shemer, J. E., "Probability Models and Computer System Design," Thesis, Southern Methodist Univ., USA, 1968, 118 pp., Order No. 68-17052, CCA5-5026. 99. Singpurwalla, N. D., "Statistical Fatigue Models: A Survey," IEEE Trans. Reliability, R-20 (3), 185 (1971), CCA6-22675. COMPUTER 100. Skinner, C. E. and J. R. Asher, "Effects of Storage Contention on System Performance," IBM Syst. J. voL 8 (4), 319 (1969), CCA5-4744. 101. Tiger, B., "System Effectiveness by Computer," Proceedings, 1972 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium, pp. 59-67, CCA7-12197. 102. Vavra, R., and R. Franta, "Robustness and Analytic Computer System Models," Proc., 1973 Winter Simulation Conference, pp. 873-874, CCA8-18696. 103. Watson, R. A., "The Use of Computer System Accounting Data to Measure the Effect of a System Modification," Report AD-731257, Rand Corp., Santa Monica, Calif., 1971, 16 pp. 104. Winokur,, H. S., Jr., and L. J. Goldstein, "Analysis of Mission-Oriented Systems," IEEE Trans. Reliability, R-18 (4), 144 (1969), CCA5-8660. 105. Yourdon, E., "Reliability Measurements for Third Generation Computer Systems," Proceedings of the 1972 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium, pp. 174-183, CCA712411. Empirical Techniques Measurement Applications/Tools 106. Amiot, L., N. K. Natarajan, and R. A. Aschenbrenner, "Evaluating a Remote Batch Processing System," Computer, vol. 5 (5), 24 (1972), CCA8-1511. 107. Arndt, F. R. and G. M. Oliver, "Hardware Monitoring of Real-Time Computer System Performance," Computer, voL 5 (4), 25-29 (1972). 108. Baird, R., "APET-A Versatile Tool for Estimating Computer Application Performance," Software Pract. & Exper., voL 3 (4), 385 (1973), CCA9-8033. 109. Belady, L. A., W. R. DeOrazio, and R. W. O'Neill, "Computer Performance Measurements," IBM Tech. Disclosure BulL, voL 16 (2), 455 (1973), CCA8-23882. 110. Bell, T. E., "Choose Your Tools to Check Your Computer," Comput. Decis., voL 4 (11), 12 (1972), CCA8-8795. 111. Bloom, B. H., M. H. Clark, C. G. Feldman, and R. K. Coe, "Criteria for Evaluating the Performance of Compilers," Report AD/A-002 322/6SL, Softech Inc., Waltham, Mass., Rome Air Development Center, Griffiss AFB, N. Y., 1974, 353 pp. 112. Bookman, P. G., B. A. Brotman, and K. L. Schmitt, "Use Measurement Engineering for Better System Performance," Comput. Decis., voL 4 (4), 28 (1972), CCA7-18859. 113. Buchholz, W., "A Synthetic Job for Measuring System Performance," IBM Syst. J., voL 8 (4), 309 (1969), CCA5-4291. 114. Bussell, B. and R. A. Koster, "Instrumenting Computer Systems and Their Programs," AFIPS Conference Proceedings, 1970 Fall Joint Computer Conference, pp. 525-534, CCA6-10266. 1i15. Carlson, G., "Practical Economics of Computer Monitoring," Manage. Inf., vol. 1 (6), 251 (1972), CCA8-6622. 116. Chyrkin, B. P., "Computer Analysis of Performance Indices of Complex Systems," Sov. Autom. Control, vol. 6 (6), 27 (1973), CCA9-22227. 117. Conti, D. M., "A Case Study in Monitoring the CDC 6700-A Multi-Programming, Multi-Processing, Multi-Mode System," Proceedings of the 8th Meeting of Computer Performance Evaluation Users Group on Computer Performance Evaluation, 1973, pp. 115-118, 1974, CCA10-3621. 118. Early, R. H. and B. N. Early, "On the Relative Performance of the Optimal Control System with Measurements," IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, AC-1 7 (4), 555 (1972). 119. East, D. G., C. C. Davis, and R. D. Phillips, "Relocate and Multiprocessor Map and Trace Monitor," IBM Tech. Disclosure BulL, voL 15 (4), 1377 (1972), CCA86611. 120. Engelbart,- D. C., "Online Team Environment (Network Information Center and Computer Augmented Team Interaction)," Report AD-766005/3, Stanford Research Inst, Augmentation Research, Menlo Park, Calif, 1972, 272 pp. November 1975 121. Ferrari, D., "Firmware-Monitoring Tools for Measuring the Performance of Microprogrammed Computer Systems," Proceedings of the 2nd International Computing Symposium, 1972, pp. 83-90, CCA7-20052. 122. Ferrari, D., "Workload Characterization and Selection in Computer Performance Measurement," Comptuter, voL 5 (4), 18-24 (1972). 123. Freedy, A., R. Weisbrod, D. May, S. Schwartz, and G. Weitman, "Adaptive Computer Aiding in Dynamic Decision Processes: Analysis and Design," Report AD-769113/2, Perceptronics, Inc., Encino, Calif., 1973, 127 pp. 124. Gemar, W., "Improved Performance for Less Cost," Data Processing, voL 16 (4), 225 (1974), CCA10-830. 125. Gimble, R. and H. Schwetman, "Measurement Techniques for Computer System Performance Evaluation," Comput. Sci. and Stat., Proc., 7th Annual Symp. on the Interface, 1973, pp. 22-29. 126. Grant, C. A., "Software Performance Measurement: Requirements and Techniques," In: Computer Systems Measurement: International Computer State of the Art Report, C. J. Bunyan (Ed.), Infotech, Maidenhead, Berks, England, pp. 325-336, CCA10-2763. 127. Grodsky, H. R., "Performance Measurement Within the HIS Series 6000," Report AD-759808, Mitre Corp., Bedford, Mass., 1973, 50 pp. 128. Hanke, R. R., "Preliminary Steps in Optimizing University Computer Performance Using Hardware and Software Monitors," Report AD-741145, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Calif., 1971, 103 pp. 129. Harder, D. C., "Measuring the Performance of the Compact Computer," Data Management, vol. 9 (11), 30 (1971), CCA7-75 14. 130. Hedeman, W. R., III, and P. 0. Minear, "Internal Performance Measurement for Data Processing System," IBM Tech. Disclosure Bull., vol. 16 (7), 2356 (1973), CCA9-8198. 131. Hobbs, V. J. and J. G. Gertler, "Computer System Performance Measurement Techniques for Arts III Computer Systems," Report AD-772475/0, Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Mass., 1973, 112 pp. 132. Hughes, J., "Case Histories: Using a Hardware Monitor as an Intelligent Peripheral," Comput. Sci. and Stat., Proc., 7th Annual Symp. on the Interface, 1973, pp. 117-121. 133. Kahn, H. J. and J. W. R. May, "Use of Logic Simulation in the Design of a Large Computer System," Radio Electron. 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