"Biomimetics" and "Bionics" in China
biomimetics
bionics
biomimicry
仿生的其他类似标签
bioinspiration
biological
design
biomorphism
biognosis
biophysics
Many words to label this
area
bioinspired
design
biomimetics
bionics
biomimicry
这次我们只讨论两个单词
bioinspiration
biological
design
biomorphism
biognosis
biophysics
This time we discuss only
two words:
"biomimetics"and "bionic"
bioinspired
design
FIRST COINED
最初撰词
biomimetics
最早在20世纪50年
代由Schmitt教授提
出，并在1957年正
式提出biomimetics
这个单词。
Otto Schmitt,1950s
Biomimetics was coined by the American
biophysicist and polymath Otto Schmitt during
the 1950s. It was during his doctoral research
that he developed the Schmitt trigger by studying
the nerves in squid, attempting to engineer a
device that replicated the biological system of
nerve propagation. He continued to focus on
devices that mimic natural systems and by 1957
he had perceived a converse to the standard
view of biophysics at that time, a view he would
come to call biomimetics.*
*.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomimetic
FIRST COINED
最初撰词
bionics
bionics最早由Jack
E. Steele于1958年
提出。
Jack E. Steele,1958
The word bionic was coined by Jack E. Steele in
1958, possibly originating from the technical
term bion (pronounced bee-on) (from Ancient
Greek: βίος), meaning 'unit of life' and the suffix ic, meaning 'like' or 'in the manner of', hence 'like
life'. Some dictionaries, however, explain the
word as being formed as a portmanteau from
biology + electronics.*
*.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionics
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
历程（biomimetics，bionics）
The word 'biomimetics'
first coined
by Otto Schmitt
1970
1957
The word 'bionic'
first coined
by Jack Steele
1974
The word biomimetics
made its first public appearance in
Webster’s dictionary*
*.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomimetic
BIONICS:
a science concerned
with the application of
data about the
functioning of
biological systems to
the solution of
engineering
problems[1]
Definition:
‘biomimetics’
vs
‘bionics’
两个单词定义
区别
BIOMIMETICS:
the study of the
formation, structure,
or function of
biologically produced
substances and
materials (as enzymes
or silk) and biological
mechanisms and
processes (as protein
synthesis or
photosynthesis)
especially for the
purpose of
synthesizing similar
products by artificial
mechanisms which
mimic natural ones [2]
[1]http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bionics
[2]http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/biomimetics
"Biomimetics" and "Bionics" in China
Insert these words as keywords and search relevant
literature in CNKI*,we can get scholars‘ study of this
field in China.
http://www.cnki.net/
*CNKI: China National Knowledge Infrastructure
"Biomimetics" in CNKI
Word: biomimetics
Number of search results: 84
First public appearance in CNKI: 1993
source：复合材料报
Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica
Name of first literature: 生物复合材料的特征及仿生的探讨
The characteristics of biomaterials and biomimetics of composite materials
Author of first literature: 曾其蕴（中国科学院应用生态所，沈阳）
Zeng Qiyun(Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinica)
Key words of first literature: 生物材料，仿生学，功能适应性，创伤愈合
biomaterial, bionics, functional adaptability, self-healing of trauma
Picture source:.http://epub.cnki.net/kns/brief/default_result.aspx
"Biomimetics" in CNKI
The publication where the word "biomimetics" first appears in public.
Picture source:.http://www.cnki.net/
"Bionics" in CNKI
Word: bionics
Number of search results: 563
First public appearance in CNKI: 1981
source：科学学与科学技术管理
Science of Science and Management of S.&T.
Name of first literature:科学管理仿生初探
An Initial Study on Science Research Management Bionics
Author of first literature:张景晨（吉林省社会科学院）
Zhang Jingchen(Jilin Academy of Social Sciences)
Key words of first literature:科学管理，仿生，科学劳动，蜂群，系统控制
Science Research Management, Bionics, Bee, system control
Picture source:.http://epub.cnki.net/kns/brief/default_result.aspx
"Bionics" in CNKI
The publication where the word "bionics" first appears in public.
Picture source:.http://epub.cnki.net/
"Bionic" in CNKI
Word: bionic
Number of search results: 2078
source：厦门大学学报（自然科学版）
Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science)
First public appearance in CNKI: 1980
Name of first literature:论昆虫复眼的仿生学问题
On Some Bionic Problems of the Compound Eyes of the Insects
Author of first literature:石之琅(厦门大学物理系)
Shi Zhilang (Department of Physics, Xiamen University)
Key words of first literature:透视镜，昆虫复眼，仿生学
Photoscope, Compound Eyes of the Insects, Bionic
Picture source:.http://epub.cnki.net/kns/brief/default_result.aspx
"Bionic" in CNKI
The publication where the word "bionic" first appears in public.
Picture source:.http://epub.cnki.net/
One Interesting Literature
Conception and evolvement of bionics
岑海堂.仿生学概念及其演变.[J]机械设计.2007,07
Cen Haitang. Conception and Evolvement of Bionic. [J]. Journal of Machine
Design. 2007,07
Picture source:.http://epub.cnki.net/
One Interesting Literature
The name of this paper which is
given by the author is Conception
and Evolvement of Bionic .But from
the text, you can find that what he
wants to analyze is "biomimetics"
or "biomimicry“, not "bionics".
Picture source:.Conception and Evolvement of Bionic.Cen Haitang.Journal of Machine Design.2007.07
CONCLUSION
"Biomimetics" and "Bionics" in China
In China,"仿生"always translates as "bionic" or
"bionics". But we also translate "biomimetics" as "仿
生". Scholars have not distinguish these words
clearly though these words have different meanings.
We need to create Chinese words to express these
terms correctly!
THANKS FOR TOUR ATTENTION