Examples from Singapore
Hwang Yu-Ning
URBAN
REDEVELOPMENT
AUTHORITY
OUR MISSION
To make
Singapore a great city to live, work and play in
1
Outline




Context of planning in Singapore
Public Housing programme
one north
[if there’s time] Singapore River, Tanjong
Rhu, Marina Bay, Southern Ridges
 Lee Kuan Yew World City Prize
2
South Korea
China
India
Vietnam
Philippines
710
km2
5 million population
SINGAPORE
Indonesia
Singapore Has Limited Land
• One of the most densely populated
cities in the world
• Smaller than other cities
Land Area: 710 km2
• No hinterland, unlike other cities
Population: 5 mil
City centre
4
Competing Land Needs
Housing
Commerce
Industry
Port
Airport
Parks
5
Water treatment & storage
Constraints on our Developments
Port
Power Station
Airport
Water treatment plant
Industry
6
Safeguard Sufficient Land
for Good Quality of Life
7
Sustainable Development in Singapore
Economic growth
Culture and Heritage
Pro-Business
Environment
Cohesive Community
Environmental
Responsibility
Key Objective
Balancing economic growth and
development to achieve
Sustained Economic Growth –
Resource Efficiency and Security
&
High Quality Living Environment –
Clean, Green, Healthy, Pleasant Environment
Overview
Resource
Management
Pollution
Control
Transport
Management
Land Use Planning
Greening/
Biodiversity
Resource Management: Water
DIVERSIFIED, ADEQUATE AND
SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY OF WATER
ENSURING A
Four National Taps
CLOSING THE WATER LOOP
From sourcing, collection, purification and supply of drinking water, to treatment
of used water and turning it into NEWater, drainage of storm water
Rain
Sea
NEWater
Direct NonPotable Use
The Deep Tunnel Sewerage System
a wastewater conveyance, treatment and disposal system
will replace the existing sewage treatment works and 139
pumping stations located at various parts of Singapore
Deep Tunnel Sewerage System
CHANGI WRP
Resource Management: Waste
Waste Management System
All waste: 54% recycled, 43% incinerated, 3% landfill
Semakau – Not just an offshore landfill..
…but an ecologically vibrant one
50s & 60s: Housing shortage, inadequate
Infrastructure
Extreme
Deterioration
• No investment for 100 yrs
• Many on brink of collapse
• 25% of population lived on 1% of land
• Severe Overcrowding
124 people in one shophouse
Planning in Response to Needs
Jurong Industrial Estate
19
1960s & 70s
20
Provision of homes and basic infrastructure and facilities
Concept Plan : Long-term, Holistic and Integrated Planning
1971
1991
2001
Ensuring our long-term needs are met
23
Planning in Partnership
Housing and
Development Board
Land Transport
Authority
HOUSING
DEVELOPMENT BOARD
Singapore
Land
Authority
National
Environment
Agency
Jurong
Town
Corporation
Urban
Redevelopment
Authority
Singapore
Tourism
Board
Preservation
of Monuments
Board
National
Parks
Board
Building & Construction
Authority
Public
Utilities
Board
Singapore
Sports Council
Civil Aviation Authority
of Singapore
Master Plan : Safeguards Land for Various Uses for the
Short To Medium Term
Master Plan 2008
25
PUBLIC HOUSING IN SINGAPORE
Singapore in the ‘60s
Home ownership for the People Programme
(1964)
• Massive building programme
• Nation of owners, not tenants
– Ownership builds nationhood
– Provides stake in country’s economic progress
– Gives people something to cherish and defend
circa Late 1960s
21
C12
1963
22
C14
Public Housing in Singapore
In early years
 Rapid population growth, severe
housing shortage
1947 – 1959 :
• Population grew from 938,000 to
approx 1.6 million
• Only 40,000 housing units built
• 1 housing unit for every 16
persons
 Initially, HDB built basic but highly functional housing
• Self-contained units with electricity and piped water
By 1969, HDB marked completion of 100,000 housing units
Copyright © 2011 Housing & Development Board
Public Housing in Singapore
Today’s context
Singapore Population
• Total population : 5.08 million
• Resident population : 3.77 million
Public Housing
• About 900,000 HDB flats under management
• About 82% of Singapore resident population live in
public housing
• Over 90 % of households living in home ownership
flats.
* Information as of 2010
Copyright © 2011 Housing & Development Board
Life-cycle needs and aspirations
Help newlyweds buy
first flat
Maintain & build up flat
value
Help retirees monetise
their flats
For the young couple
• Buy a subsidised new HDB flat
• Get a grant of $30,000 - $40,000 to buy resale
flat
• Obtain subsidised loan from HDB
• Debt servicing ratio of first-time flat buyer =
20%
For the aspiring family
•
Choice of larger flats
•
Executive condominiums and DBSS flats
•
Second concessionary housing loan for upgrading
The Premiere@Tampines
Artist’s impression only
For the maturing estate
• Various upgrading & renewal programmes
• Neighbourhood renewal
• Lift upgrading
• Flat upgrading
• Full redevelopment
• Allow older estates to be on par with new
estates
• Encourage younger families to move in
Toa Payoh redevelopment
Family and social cohesion
• Additional grant for staying with or near parents
• Multi-generational precinct facilities
• Mix of flats within every estate
• Ethnic Integration Programme
– Quota system to ensure good mix of races
Rental Flats
• Not all can afford home ownership
– Government’s role: ensure roof over their
heads
• For poor and needy we build heavilysubsidised rental flats
– S$30 per month
• About 5% of HDB’s stock (40,000)
23 Tow ns Developed Through The Decades
SEMBAWANG
WOODLANDS
YISHUN
PUNGGOL
SENGKANG
CHOA
CHU
KANG
CHANGI
VILLAGE
ANG MO KIO
BUKIT
PANJANG
PASIR RIS
BISHAN
BUKIT BATOK
JURONG WEST
HOUGANG
SERANGOON
TAMPINES
BUKIT TIMAH
ESTATE
TOA PAYOH
JURONG
EAST
GEYLANG
CLEMENTI
FARRER ROAD
ESTATE
BEDOK
KALLANG WHAMPOA
MARINE PARADE
ESTATE
CENTRAL
AREA
QUEENSTOWN
BUKIT
MERAH
LRT
Copyright © 2011 Housing & Development Board
LINES AND STATIONS
CHANGI
AIRPORT
Total living environment

New towns planned with greenery, amenities and facilities

Urban design - streetscapes, pedestrian linkages
Public Housing
1960s
2000s
1980s
• Cornerstone of Singapore’s successful
public housing programme is our Home
Ownership policy, introduced in 1964.
Remaking Singapore
HDB Heartlands

Rejuvenation and Regeneration of old, middleaged and newer HDB towns
Public Housing
– self contained and built on sustainable principles
Commercial Centres
A structure of commercial centres fanning out from
the Central Area, to bring jobs closer to homes
Tampines
Novena
One-north
CENTRAL
AREA
REGIONAL CENTRES
SUB-REGIONAL CENTRES
FRINGE CENTRES
1970s: started building science parks
After close to 3 decades of experimenting with the
mono-use work-zoned environments of science
parks and business parks, Singapore has come to
realize that the these mono-use typology of
developing innovation clusters has yielded limited
result like many of the 20th century technopole
initiatives around the world
1999: Initiated ‘one-north’ as strategic national
development to catalyze thrust to becoming
leading hub of technopreneurial innovation
one-north
The Vision
vision statement
Work Live Play Learn
“an exceptional
place
of vision
and inspiration”
vibrant place of activities, culture and the arts
visionaries drawing upon the environment and on each other
conducive environment for the knowledge talents
one-north
Satellite Image
Buona Vista MRT Station
Vista Xchange
MOE HQ
Fusionpolis
Biopolis
INSEAD
AYE
Wessex Estate
NUH
Science Park 1
Four key planning strategies drive the
formulation of the master
plan:
dynamic Fine Grained Mixed Use
seamless Connectivity
constant Rejuvenation, and
unique Identity
one-north
Centres of Excellence
• Vista
Corporate and Biz Support
Transport
• Biopolis
Biomedical sciences
• Fusionpolis
Infocomm + media
• Future
Future centres of excellence
Seeded with Public Research
Institutions and constellation of
private start- ups or companies.
Eventually evolves into a
dynamic business ecosystem
for the respective industry
Challenging many aspects of prevailing planning
typology of developing innovation cluster
Redefined relationships between technology
clusters and urban life
PLANNING STRATEGIES
 Industry research hubs are placed far enough
apart to allow for room to grow, yet close
enough to encourage synergy effects.
 Emphasis for urban activity at street level
 Draw people through the site in order to
increase the chances of personal interactions
Constant Rejuvenation
Strategy aims to
enable
continuous process of
rejuvenation and
renewal
Done through 2 approaches:
Non-contiguous growth: approach to allow for space in
between to allow for growth, organic evolution. In the
immediate term, the space-inbetween could be used
interim public or activity generating program such as
mobile labs or pocket parks.
Flexible land use or White Zoning is introduced to all
land parcels in one-north alongside broad planning
controls which serve as a critical regulatory reference for
any subsequent adjustment due to market changes.
Variety of shared spaces
Re-using clusters of old buildings
Preferential housing for workers in one north
F&B
Corporate University
Boutique offices
THE TRANSFORMATION
OF
SINGAPORE RIVER
SINGAPORE RIVER
• Historically, sea port centre for shipping & trading activities
• Merchant offices & godowns along sheltered banks
WORKING RIVER
• Business proliferated
• By 1860’s, ¾ all shipping
business undertaken along
River
Singapore River Before
Vegetable
Wholesalers
Street
Hawkers
Rubbish
Dump
Boat
Yards
Pollution Control: Water
Singapore River Clean Up (1977-1987)
CO-ORDINATED APPROACH
River wall repair &
reconstruction works
• Co-ordinated, multi-agency clean-up programme
• Boats relocated, river dredged, walls reconstructed &
strengthened
CONCEPT PLAN
• Concept Plan drawn up in 1985 - new identity & character
• Retain old buildings of architectural merit & historical
importance
• Guide new buildings to be compatible in scale
• Introduce river-orientated activities
• Enhance overall character as National asset
BOAT QUAY
• Eclectic mix of shophouses
• Al-fresco dining
CLARKE QUAY
• Popular entertainment, shopping & eating destination,
festival markets
ROBERTSON QUAY
The Quayside
• Quality riverside housing & hotels
Singapore River Today
•
•
•
•
thriving focal point
3500 hotel rooms
3100 new condominium units
406,000sqm of office and shop space
Still vibrant, with pubs and restaurants on the former quay areas
Boat Quay 2004 /
Source: The Straits Times / The New Paper © Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Permission required for reproduction
No more coolies, but have some bronze statues to tell the next generation about life in the past
No
more
coolies,
butStraits
have
some
bronze
statues
tellHoldings
the next
generation
life in the past
Boat Quay
2004
/ Source: The
Times
/ The New
Paper ©
Singaporeto
Press
Ltd. Permission
requiredabout
for reproduction
Boat Quay 2009 / Source: URA
Singapore River Festival
TANJONG RHU
From Shipyard to Vibrant
Waterfront Community
LOCATION
Master Plan 98
ECP
Tanjong Rhu
• Former polluted industrial
& shipyard waterfront
• 36 ha - fronting main
waterbody & expressway
INDUSTRIAL USES
PRIVATE LAND
• Occupied by 11 industrial
users up to late 1980’s –
most on private land
STATE LAND
PUB LAND
• 5 shipyards + engineering
workshops & warehouses
Leong Seng
Kwong Soon
Guan Bee
Waterfront
Properties
Hong
Leong
Singapore
Slipway
Kwong Soon
Khong
Guan
Tan Chin Tuan
Waterfront Properties
Vosper
PLANNING AHEAD
• Clean-up programme for
waterways in 1970’s
MASTER PLAN
• 1988 - Draft Master Plan &
Urban Design Guidelines
drawn up
• Transform area into highquality waterfront residential
enclave with tropical flavour
PHASING OUT INCOMPATIBLE USES
• Existing industries identified to be phased out, separately owned
• Irregular shoreline did not allow for optimal parcellation &
redevelopment
PHASING OUT INCOMPATIBLE USES
• 2 – Pronged Approach:
– Land leased from State
• Tenants informed of revocation of leases; or
• Unexpired leases compensated or resettled
– Private land
• Owners informed of redevelopment plans
• Encouraged to redevelop based on Master Plan
• Time period set to relocate current operations
INCENTIVISED REDEVELOPMENT
• Parcels capable of
independent development
allowed to redevelop within
specified period
PRIVATE LAND
STATE LAND
PUB LAND
RECLAIMED LAND
• Conform to Master Plan
Parcels to be redeveloped independently
REPARCELLATION
• Boundaries adjusted with
adjacent State land to form
meaningful redevelopment
sites
PRIVATE LAND
SURRENDERED FOR ROADS
PRIVATE LAND ALIENATED
TO THE STATE
STATE LAND ALIENATED
TO PRIVATE OWNERS
CO-ORDINATED APPROACH
• Co-ordinated implementation across agencies
• Infrastructure & services, kick-start development
CO-ORDINATED APPROACH
Before
After
• 5.6 ha reclaimed - straighten shoreline & improve water flow
• New pedestrian promenade & pedestrian bridge
Pebble Bay
Casuarina Cove
• 4 private sites redeveloped
• 5 sale sites
• 3,320 DUs completed or
under construction
Costa Rhu
Parkshore
TANJONG RHU TODAY
Marina Bay – Seamless Growth of Our City
Reclaimed more than 30 years ago
Marina Bay – Seamless Growth of Our City
Realising our vision through
planning, urban design, land sales
and events programming
Marina Centre – Convention/Hotel Hub
Bayfront today
Central Business District
Flexibility for Mixed-Uses
residential
commercial
URBAN
REDEVELOPMENT
AUTHORITY
hotel
Flexible Parcellation to
Meet Market Needs
• In-built flexibility
to meet changing
business & market
needs
• Regular parcels
for easy
amalgamation or
sub-division
• Accommodates
buildings with
large floorplates
Marina Bay – Sustainable Transport
Civic
District
Raffles
Place
Marina
Centre
Esplanade
Theatres
Gardens at
Marina
Centre
Singapore
Flyer
Marina
Bay
Marina
Bay Golf
Course
MBSIR
ORQ
The Sail
Marina
MBFC
View
Gardens at
Marina
South
Tanjong Pagar
Underground Pedestrian Network
Completed / Under
Construction
Future Network
Gardens at
Marina
East
International
Cruise Terminal
Marina
South
Pier
Study Cycling Routes
Marina
Barrage
3.5 km long Waterfront Promenade
Necklace of Attractions
*
* *
New Bridge at
Marina Bay
MARINA BAY
*
*
*
*
*
Public Attraction
New Bridge
Waterfront Promenade
Event Spaces
Energy Efficiency
City-in-a-Garden – Gardens by the Bay
“Supertrees”
Cooled Conservatories
Aquatic Gardens
Garden at Marina Centre
Garden at Marina South
Marina
Barrage
(2007)
Garden at Marina East
Landscaping for Urban Spaces
and High-Rises (LUSH)
Green Buildings in Marina Bay
Minimum Green Mark Requirements for all new
developments
• Green Mark Platinum
• Green Mark Goldplus
Committed to Develop a High-Quality
Financial District
City Hall
Promenade
• Heavy investment in
infrastructure,
including:
• Rapid Transit
System (RTS)
Raffles Place
E-W
line
Bayfront
Landmark
N-S
line
Marina Bay
DTE
line
• 3.5km long
Waterfront
Promenade
• New Bridge
• Common Services
Tunnel (CST)
Vibrant City Waterfront – Water Activities Master Plan
Vibrant City Waterfront
F1 Night Race – Singapore Grand Prix
Marina Bay Events
Marina Bay Events
Marina Bay Events
Building Networks: Linking the Southern Ridges
Clementi
Woods
To West
Coast Park
Walk 9km from ridge to ridge
 Expand park areas
Connect the ridges
Kent Ridge 
Park
 Link to nearby
parks & foothills
Telok Blangah
Hill Park
Mt Faber
Labrador
Park
To Sentosa
Southern Ridges
From Harbourfront MRT Station
Henderson Waves
Faber Walk
Marang Trail
Today, the Southern Ridges
is more than a recreational venue
Family Outing …
Personal
training …
Catching up
with friends …
relaxing …
studying under the night sky …
bonding …
Great for Photographic Shots …
To commemorate personal events
2010 ULI Global Award
About the Prize
A biennial international award to recognise individuals and organisations that
have made outstanding contributions to the creation of vibrant, liveable and
sustainable urban communities around the world.
It seeks to recognise individuals and organisations responsible for urban
initiatives that display foresight, good governance or innovation in tackling
the many urban challenges faced by cities.
Co-organisers:
Prize Sponsor:
The 4 Key Pillars
(a) Liveability
(b) Vibrancy
(c) Sustainability
(d) Quality of Life
Inaugural Prize Laureate
Bilbao City Hall was awarded in recognition of its
integrated and holistic approach in urban
transformation.
(Prize presented at the Lee Kuan Yew Prize Award Ceremony
and Banquet on 29 Jun 10)
Award Value
Prize Laureate will be presented with:
-
Award Certificate
-
Gold Medallion
-
S$300,000 cash
Nominations are now extended to
31 May 2011
Our Partners
For more information, please visit:
www.leekuanyewworldcityprize.com.sg
Thank You